Patent Application
20090000078
The present application claims priority from German Utility Model Application No. 20 2007 010 686.6 dated Jun. 29, 2007 and German Patent Application No. 10 2008 009 391.2 dated Feb. 14, 2008, the entire disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The invention relates to an apparatus for the fibre-sorting or selection of a fibre bundle comprising textile fibres, especially for combing.
In a known apparatus, fibre material is supplied by means of a supply device to a fibre-sorting device, especially to a combing device, in which clamping devices are provided, which clamp the fibre bundle at a distance from its free end and mechanical means are present which generate a combing action from the clamping site to the free end of the fibre bundle in order to loosen and remove non-clamped constituents, such as, for example, short fibres, neps, dust and the like from the free end, wherein for removal of the combed fibre material a take-off device is present.
In practice, combing machines are used to free cotton fibres or woollen fibres of natural impurities contained therein and to parallelise the fibres of the fibre sliver. For that purpose, a previously prepared fibre bundle is clamped between the jaws of the nipper arrangement so that a certain sub-length of the fibres, known as the “fibre tuft”, projects at the front of the jaws. By means of the combing segments of the rotating combing roller, which segments are filled with needle clothing or toothed clothing, this fibre bundle is combed and thus cleaned. The take-off device usually consists of two counter-rotating rollers, which grip the combed fibre tuft and carry it onwards. The known cotton-combing process is a discontinuous process. During a nipping operation, all assemblies and their drive means and gears are accelerated, decelerated and in some cases reversed again. High nip rates result in high acceleration. Particularly as a result of the kinematics of the nippers, the gear for the nipper movement and the gear for the pilgrim-step movement of the detaching rollers, high acceleration forces come into effect. The forces and stresses that arise increase as the nip rates increase. The known flat combing machine has reached a performance limit with its nip rates, which prevents productivity from being increased. Furthermore, the discontinuous mode of operation causes vibration in the entire machine, which generates dynamic alternating stresses.
EP 1 586 682 A discloses a combing machine in which, for example, eight combing heads operate simultaneously one next to the other. The drive of those combing heads is effected by means of a lateral drive means arranged next to the combing heads having a gear unit which is in driving connection by way of longitudinal shafts with the individual elements of the combing heads. The fibre slivers formed at the individual combing heads are transferred, one next to the other on a conveyor table, to a subsequent drafting system in which they are drafted and then combined to form a common combing machine sliver. The fibre sliver produced in the drafting system is then deposited in a can by means of a funnel wheel (coiler plate). The plurality of combing heads of the combing machine each have a feed device, a pivotally mounted, fixed-position nipper assembly, a rotatably mounted circular comb having a comb segment for combing out the fibre tuft supplied by the nipper assembly, a top comb and a fixed-position detaching device for detaching the combed-out fibre tuft from the nipper assembly. The lap ribbon supplied to the nipper assembly is here fed via a feed cylinder to a detaching roller pair. The fibre tuft protruding from the opened nipper passes onto the rearward end of a combed sliver web or fibre web, whereby it enters the clamping nip of the detaching rollers owing to the forward movement of the detaching rollers. The fibres that are not retained by the retaining force of the lap ribbon, or by the nipper, are detached from the composite of the lap ribbon. During this detaching operation, the fibre tuft is additionally pulled by the needles of a top comb. The top comb combs out the rear part of the detached fibre tuft and also holds back neps, impurities and the like. The top comb, for which in structural terms space is required between the movable nipper assembly and the movable detaching roller, has to be constantly cleaned by having air blown through it. For piercing into and removal from the fibre sliver, the top comb has to be driven. Finally, the cleaning effect at this site of jerky movement is sub-optimal. Owing to the differences in speed between the lap ribbon and the detaching speed of the detaching rollers, the detached fibre tuft is drawn out to a specific length. Following the detaching roller pair is a guide roller pair. During this detaching operation, the leading end of the detached or pulled off fibre bundle is overlapped or doubled with the trailing end of the fibre web. As soon as the detaching operation and the piecing operation have ended, the nipper returns to a rear position in which it is closed and presents the fibre tuft protruding from the nipper to a comb segment of a circular comb for combing out. Before the nipper assembly now returns to its front position again, the detaching rollers and the guide rollers perform a reversing movement, whereby the trailing end of the fibre web is moved backwards by a specific amount. This is required to achieve a necessary overlap for the piecing operation. In this way, a mechanical combing of the fibre material is effected. Disadvantages of that combing machine are especially the large amount of equipment required and the low hourly production rate. There are eight individual combing heads which have in total eight feed devices, eight fixed-position nipper assemblies, eight circular combs with comb segments, eight top combs and eight detaching devices. A particular problem is the discontinuous mode of operation of the combing heads. Additional disadvantages result from large mass accelerations and reversing movements, with the result that high operating speeds are not possible. Finally, the considerable amount of machine vibration results in irregularities in the deposition of the combed sliver. Moreover, the ecartement, that is to say the distance between the nipper lip of the lower nipper plate and the clamping point of the detaching cylinder, is structurally and spatially limited. The rotational speed of the detaching rollers and the guide rollers, which convey the fibre bundles away, is matched to the upstream slow combing process and is limited by this. A further drawback is that each fibre bundle is clamped and conveyed by the detaching roller pair and subsequently by the guide roller pair. The clamping point changes constantly owing to the rotation of the detaching rollers, i.e. there is a constant relative movement between the rollers effecting clamping and the fibre bundle. All fibre bundles have to pass through the one fixed-position detaching roller pair and the one fixed-position guide roller pair in succession, which represents a further considerable limitation of the production speed.
It is an aim of the invention to provide an apparatus of the kind described at the beginning which avoids or mitigates the mentioned disadvantages and which in a simple way, in particular, enables the amount produced per hour (productivity) to be substantially increased and an improved combed sliver to be obtained.
The invention provides an apparatus for the fibre-sorting or fibre-selection of a fibre bundle comprising textile fibres comprising:
a fibre-sorting device having clamping devices for clamping the fibre bundle;
a supply device for supplying a fibre bundle to the fibre sorting device;
a mechanical device for generating a combing action in order to loosen and remove non-clamped constitutes from the fibre bundle; and
a take-off device for removal of the combed fibre material from the fibre-sorting device;
wherein the fibre-sorting device comprises, arranged downstream of the supply device, at least first and second rotatably mounted rollers which, in use, rotate rapidly without interruption, at least one of which has clamping devices distributed spaced apart in the region of its periphery, and at least one adjustment device for adjusting geometric and/or speed related variables in the relationship of said first roller and said second roller to one another is associated with at least one of said first and second rollers.
By implementing the functions of clamping and moving the fibre bundles to be combed-out on two high-speed rollers, high operating speeds (nip rates) are achievable—unlike the known apparatus—without large mass accelerations and reversing movements. In particular, the mode of operation is continuous. When high-speed rollers are used, a very substantial increase in hourly production rate (productivity) is achievable which had previously not been considered possible in technical circles. A further advantage is that the rotary rotational movement of the roller with the plurality of clamping devices leads to an unusually rapid supply of a plurality of fibre bundles per unit of time to the first roller and to the second roller. In particular the high rotational speed of the rollers allows production to be substantially increased. The fibre bundles are—unlike the known apparatus—held by a plurality of clamping devices and transported under rotation.
The clamping point at the particular clamping devices advantageously remains constant until the fibre bundles are transferred to the first or second roller, respectively. A relative movement between clamping device and fibre bundle advantageously does not begin until after the fibre bundle has been gripped by the first or second roller respectively and in addition clamping has been terminated. Because a plurality of clamping devices is available for the fibre bundles, in an especially advantageous manner fibre bundles can be supplied to the first and second roller respectively one after the other and in quick succession, without undesirable time delays resulting from just a single supply device. A particular advantage is that the supplied fibre bundles on the first roller (turning rotor) are continuously transported. The speed of the fibre bundle and of the co-operating clamping device is the same. A clamping device on the first roller and a clamping device on the second roller arranged so that, in use, they both clamp a fibre bundle, which is transferred from the first roller to the second roller during operation of the fibre sorting device, are co-operating clamping devices. The clamping devices close and open during the movement in the direction of the transported fibre material. The at least one second roller (which is, preferably, a combing rotor) is arranged downstream of the at least one first roller (which is, preferably, a turning rotor). To form the fibre bundle, the fibre sliver pushed forward by the feed roller is clamped at one end by a clamping device and detached by the rotary movement of the turning rotor. The clamped end contains short fibres, the free region comprises the long fibres. The long fibres are pulled by separation force out of the fibre material clamped in the feed nip, short fibres remaining behind through the retaining force in the feed nip. Subsequently, as the fibre bundle is transferred from the turning rotor onto the combing rotor the ends of the fibre bundle are reversed: the clamping device on the combing rotor grips and clamps the end with the long fibres, so that the region with the short fibres projects from the clamping device and lies exposed and can thereby be combed out. With the apparatus according to the invention, a substantially increased productivity is achievable. A further particular advantage is that there are adjustment options between the turning rotor and the combing rotor of a rotor combing machine. Specifically, these may include, for example, the ecartement adjustment, the adjustment of an offset between combing rotor and turning rotor and the choice of certain speed ratios between the two rotors. The ecartement is the distance between two co-operating clamping points, in particular, the distance between co-operating clamping points of a clamping device on the first roller and a clamping device on the second roller. For example, the ecartement may be the distance between the clamping point of a first clamping device on the first roller and the clamping point of a second clamping device on the second roller at the time at which the second clamping device is arranged to first clamp a fibre bundle clamped by the first clamping device, in use. With reference to a first clamping device on the first roller and a second clamping device on the second roller that is arranged to receive a fibre bundle from the first clamping device, the “offset” relates to the angular displacement of the second clamping device relative to the first clamping device when the first clamping device is located at the narrowest point between the first and second rollers, and may be considered to be, or to be represented by, for example, the time difference between the first clamping device on the first roller and the co-operating second clamping device on the second roller passing a fixed point.
The speed ratios are, for example, the rotary speed ratio or circumferential (peripheral) speed ratio. The said adjustment options are used, for example, for adjustment of the comber waste percentage and to influence the delivery behaviour during transfer of the turning rotor tuft to the combing rotor.
The invention further provides an apparatus for the fibre-sorting or fibre-selection of a fibre bundle comprising textile fibres, especially for combing, which is supplied by means of supply device to a fibre-sorting device, especially a combing device, in which clamping devices are provided which clamp the fibre bundle at a distance from its free end, and a mechanical device is present which generate a combing action from the clamping site to the free end of the fibre bundle, in order to loosen and remove non-clamped constituents, such as, for example, short fibres, neps, dust and the like from the free end, wherein a take-off means is present to remove the combed fibre material, characterised in that downstream of the supply device there are arranged at least two rotatably mounted rollers rotating rapidly without interruption, which are provided with clamping devices for the fibre bundle, which clamping devices are distributed spaced apart in the region of the periphery of the rollers, wherein an actuating device for adjusting geometric (a) and/or speed-related variables in the relationship of the rollers to one another is associated with at least one roller.
The invention further provides a method of combing fibre material, comprising feeding a fibre sliver or lap to a first roller having at least one clamping arrangement, rotating the first roller continuously whereby a bundle of fibres is torn away from the sliver or lap and rotates with the first roller, transferring the bundle to a co-operating clamping arrangement on a second roller such that the bundle is held on said second roller with a first end unclamped and a second end clamped, rotating the bundle with said second roller, positioning the bundle during said rotation such that the free end thereof can be combed by a combing device, and adjusting at least one geometric and/or speed-related variable in the relationship of the rollers to one another.
In one embodiment, the first roller is a turning rotor and the second roller is a combing rotor. Advantageously, the adjustment is effected between a turning rotor and a combing rotor of a rotor combing machine. Advantageously, the mechanical device for generating a combing action includes at least one combing element. In one embodiment, the mechanical device includes two combing elements.
Advantageously, an ecartement adjustment is provided. Advantageously, adjustment of an offset between the combing rotor and the turning rotor is provided. Advantageously, adjustment of specific speed ratios between the combing rotor and turning rotor is provided. Advantageously, the ratio of the peripheral speeds is adjustable. Advantageously, the adjustment is to be used for adaptation (change) of the comber waste percentage. Advantageously, the adjustment is usable to influence the delivery behaviour during transfer of the turning rotor bundle (fibre material) to the combing rotor.
Advantageously, the ecartement is alterable by changing the distance between the turning rotor and the combing rotor. In an embodiment with a constant distance between the turning rotor and the combing rotor, the ecartement may, optionally, be altered by the nipper closure time point of the combing rotor nippers. The adjustment of the ecartement may, for example, be dependent on the combing rotor angular position with respect to the narrowest distance between turning rotor and combing rotor in which the combing rotor nippers have closed. For example, the minimum ecartement is present on closure of the combing rotor nippers at the narrowest point between the turning and combing rotors.
In one embodiment, to alter the ecartement in respect of Emin (the narrowest point between two rollers), the nipper closure time point is located, seen in the direction of rotation of the combing rotor, before the narrowest point between the turning rotor and the combing rotor. In another embodiment, to alter the ecartement in respect of Emin, the nipper closure time point is located, seen in the direction of rotation of the combing rotor, after the narrowest point between the turning rotor and the combing rotor. Advantageously, the turning rotor angular position at which the turning rotor nippers open and release the bundle for transfer to the combing rotor is dependent on the nipper closure time point of the combing rotor nippers.
In one embodiment the co-operating combing rotor nippers and turning rotor nippers pass the narrow point between the turning rotor and the combing rotor at the same time and the offset between the turning rotor and the combing rotor is zero. In another embodiment, the combing rotor nippers co-operating with the turning rotor nippers pass the narrow point earlier than the turning rotor nippers with a positive offset. In yet a further embodiment, the combing rotor nippers co-operating with the turning rotor nippers pass the narrow point later than the turning rotor nippers with a negative offset. Advantageously, by changing the offset, it is possible to influence (alter) the transfer behaviour on transfer of the turning rotor bundle to the combing rotor. In one embodiment, by changing the offset, it is possible to influence (alter) the magnitude of the ecartement in addition to the parameters nipper closure time point of the combing rotor nippers and distance between turning rotor and combing rotor.
In one embodiment, the combing rotor and the turning rotor have identical peripheral speeds. In another embodiment, the combing rotor and the turning rotor have different peripheral speeds, so that different speed ratios are adjustable between the rotors. For example, the speed ratios may be adjustable dependent on the selected nipper spacings on the turning rotor and on the combing rotor. Advantageously, with identical nipper spacing, the speed of the one rotor is always a multiple of that of the other rotor. Advantageously, with correspondingly matched nipper spacings on the rotors, any speed ratios can be set. Advantageously, the speed ratio between the rotors has, for example, an influence on the transfer behaviour during transfer of the fibre bundle from the turning rotor onto the combing rotor. Advantageously, turning rotor and the combing rotor have different directions of rotation.
Advantageously, for suction of the supplied fibre bundles, at least one suction device is provided in the region of the transfer of the fibre material from the first roller to the second roller associated with the clamping devices.
a is a detail of a motor-driven actuating device for the distance between turning rotor and combing rotor,
In the embodiment of
An autoleveller drafting system 50 (see
In accordance with a further embodiment, more than one rotor combing machine 2 is provided. If, for example, two rotor combing machines are present, then the two delivered comber slivers 17 can pass together through the downstream autoleveller drafting system 50 and be deposited as one drafted comber sliver in the sliver-deposition device 3.
The sliver-deposition device 3 comprises a rotating coiler head 3a, by which the comber sliver can be deposited in a can 3b or (not shown) in the form of a can-less fibre sliver package.
The first roller 12 is provided in the region of its outer periphery with a plurality of first clamping devices 18 which extend across the width of the roller 12 (see
The second roller 13 is provided in the region of its outer periphery with a plurality of two-part clamping devices 21, which extend across the width of the roller 13 (see
In the embodiment of
In the embodiment of
The construction illustrated in the embodiment of
a shows an embodiment in which as actuating device 41 a threaded spindle 44 driven by a motor 43 is provided. In this arrangement, the threaded spindle 44 is, for example, mounted rotatably and axially non-displaceably in the fixed support element 34 for the axle 35 of the turning rotor 12, whilst with its other end having the thread 45 it is screwed into the adjustable support element for the axle 37 of the combing rotor 13. By turning the threaded spindle 44 in one direction or the opposite direction, the distance between the axles 35 and 37 can be enlarged or reduced.
In the embodiment of
Reference letter b denotes the distance between the centre points of the turning rotor 12 and the combing rotor 13.
In the embodiment of
Additionally, a flow of blown air can be provided in the region of the supply device 8 and/or in the region of transfer between the rollers. In the case of the supply device, the source of the flow of blown air (blowing nozzle 39) is arranged inside the feed roller 10 and acts, through the air-permeable surface of the supply device or through air passage openings, towards the outside in the direction of the first roller. Also, in the region of the supply device 8, the element for producing the blown air current can be fixedly arranged, directly under or over the supply device 8. In the region of the transfer between the rollers 12, 13 the blown air current sources can be arranged at the rotor perimeter of the first roller 12, directly under or over each nipper device. For the blown air generation there may be used compressed air nozzles or air blades.
It will be appreciated that a suction arrangement and/or a blowing arrangement, for example as described with reference to
The combed-out fibre bundle (not shown) passes from the second roller 13 onto the piecing roller 14.
The circumferential speeds are, for example, for the feed roller about from 0.2 to 1.0 m/sec; the first roller 12 about from 2.0 to 6.0 m/sec; the second roller 13 about from 2.0 to 6.0 m/sec; the doffer about from 0.4 to 1.5 m/sec; and the revolving card top assembly about from 1.5 to 4.5 m/sec. The diameter of the first roller 12 and the second roller 13 is, for example, about from 0.3 m to 0.8 m.
Using the rotor combing machine 2 according to the invention, more than 2000 nips/min, for example from 3000 to 5000 nips/min, are achieved.
Using the rotor combing machine according to the invention there is achieved a mechanical combing of the fibre material to be combed out, that is, mechanical means are used for the combing. In some embodiments, there is no pneumatic combing of the fibre material to be combed, that is, no air currents, e.g. suction and/or blown air currents, are used for combing.
In the rotor combing machine according to the invention there are present rollers that rotate rapidly without interruption and that have clamping devices. Preferably, rollers that rotate with interruptions, stepwise or alternating between a stationary and rotating state are not used.
Although the foregoing invention has been described in detail by way of illustration and example for purposes of understanding, it will be obvious that changes and modifications may be practised within the scope of the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2007 030 471.6 | Jun 2007 | DE | national |
| 20 2007 010 686.6 | Jun 2007 | DE | national |
| 10 2008 009 391.2 | Feb 2008 | DE | national |
