Apparatus and method for transparent wireless communication between a remote device and a host system

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for transporting data between dissimilar communications media. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for transporting data between standard wired networks and mobile or fixed terminal devices via radio-frequency wireless technologies.
2. Background Information
Wireless data communication techniques and systems have been generally available for many years. Implementations exist which employ microwave communication systems and/or radio-frequency (RF) communication systems. Amplitude-modulated (AM) radio communications and frequency-modulated (FM) radio communications are examples of RF implementations. Frequency-modulated communication techniques include both conventional point-to-point radio and trunked radio that are utilized for transporting data.
Generally, the wireless RF implementations have an incompatibility with both each other and other standard wired networks. Each wireless RF implementation has its own data communications protocol for interacting with fixed terminal devices and another, possibly different, protocol for interacting with wired networks.
Attempts to connect remote devices to host networks have included general purpose modems capable of functioning with different types of telephone systems. Generally, a modem is incorporated into a portable device, such as a laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) or bar code reader. Software is used to configure the modem to operate with the type of telephone system the portable device is attached. Data is transported over the telephone system to a modem connected to the wired communications network.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,249,218, to SAINTON, for example, discloses a system which includes a portable computer with a central processing unit and associated software. The computer contains a modem with an output jack carrying data transmit (TX), data receive (RX), tip, ring, and programmable digital input-output (DIO) lines to provide the portable computer user with the ability to control a large number of alternate telephone access devices. The associated software controls the operation and functions of the TX, RX, and DIO lines of the modem. The user programs the software in a manner necessary to create interactive control of the attached telephone access device. However, the system of SAINTON requires that the user transport data from the portable computer to a fixed location through the use of land-line telephone systems or cellular telephone systems.
Other known systems include the MAVRIC 2000 by Metric Systems Corporation, Acton, Mass. The MAVRIC 2000 system includes three components: a base station connected to a host computer, a remote station, and application network software. The system allows a user to send and receive computer information on VHF, UHF or 800 MHz Business, Industrial or Public Safety two-way radio bands. However, the MAVRIC 2000 system is limited to communicating with only a limited number of remote stations, and the host computer must run specialized software to communicate with the remote station through the base station.
Another known wireless communications systems includes ARDIS, manufactured by ARDIS Company, Lincolnshire, Ill. The ARDIS system uses a dedicated radio network which includes a number of radio base stations operating at 800 MHz deployed throughout larger metropolitan areas in the United States. The remote devices in the field communicated with the base stations, and vice versa. The base stations are fixed and can cover an approximate radius of 15 to 20 miles when transmitting and receiving. The base stations communicate with a limited number of radio network controllers located at various point throughout the United States. Each radio network controller is responsible for maintaining authorization and registration of the remote terminals. The radio network controllers are further connected to one of three network hubs. The network hubs are connected by dedicated leased lines and are accessed by the customer host applications to send and receive data to and from the remote devices. The customer host applications are also connected to the network hubs by dedicated leased line or through a value added network (VAN).
The ARDIS system, however, does not provided 100% coverage for remote users located in sparsely populated areas. Additionally, customers who wish to use the ARDIS system must purchase additional special purpose hardware, such as remote terminal devices and printers. Further, the customers must maintain communication links (e.g., leased lines) to the network hubs, and must pay additional monthly and per character fees to connect an use the ARDIS system.
Another implementation that is similar to the ARDIS system is the RAM Mobile Data Service, by RAM Mobile Data, Inc., New York, N.Y. With the RAM Mobile Data Service, the portable device is connected to a 900 MHz radio compatible with an RS-232 connection and containing an integrated controller and modem. The portable device can be a mobile data terminal, a hand held data terminal, a portable computer, a bar code reader, a printer, or a credit card reader. The portable device, through the modem and RAM radio network, communicates with a base station. The customer may access the base station via a local switch and a leased line connection. Each market, e.g., each metropolitan area, is provided with a local switch. The local switches are connected by a main switching exchange to a network control center.
Nonetheless, as with the ARDIS system, customers who subscribe to the RAM Mobile Data Service must maintain leased communications links and pay additional monthly and per character fees to connect and use the RAM Mobile Data Service. Further, the RAM Mobile Data Service does not provide 100% coverage throughout the United States.
Another known system is the RACONET system by Racotek, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. The RACONET system provides two-way mobile data communication over standard trunked radio systems. Applications running on mobile data terminals are connected to mobile communication controllers, and send and receive information over existing radio infrastructures to a communication gateway connected to a host computer. The system includes network operating software to provide a client-server data communications architecture between the fixed host application software and the mobile data terminals. The RACONET system, however, also has several disadvantages. For example, with the RACONET system, customers must use proprietary terminals for the mobile devices, and run an application specific RACOTEK network operating system software.
Despite the teachings of these prior attempts, users of wireless mobile data communication services are provided with only a limited ability to control costs associated with sending and receiving data to and from remote devices, and are limited in their hardware and software design implementations. For example, with the SAINTON system, remote devices connect to fixed host computers through land-line telephone systems or cellular telephones. Other known systems require customers to use a dedicated wireless network which may be different than their already existing wireless RF infrastructure. Further, other known systems require special hardware and/or software which may require additional training of end-users.
Moreover, known systems do not allow a customer to use existing RF wireless infrastructures, including existing hardware and software, with only minor modifications needed to transport data from a mobile device to a host computer network. In addition, past attempts do not permit wireless data communications in a manner that is transparent to the remote device. Further, prior systems do not provide the flexibility to users such that a plurality of different remote devices may communicate with the wired host network irrespective of the radio infrastructure and transmission protocol employed.
Such features, without the above-noted drawbacks, would be highly desirable to provide flexibility and ease of use, and to give users of portable data devices greater control over their hardware and software design.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the foregoing, the present invention, through one or more of its various aspects, embodiments and/or specific features or sub-components thereof, is thus presented to bring about one or more objects and advantages, such as those specifically noted below.
A general object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for transporting data from a remote, wireless device to a wired network. Another object of the invention is to provide a remote device with an interface to present data to the wired network through RF wireless communication.
More particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that resides between an existing wired communications network and an existing radio-frequency network to provide a wireless RF connection between a remote device and the wired network.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for a completely transparent data path between a remotely located device and an existing wired network using a wireless RF communications link without either the remote device, or the wired network being aware that a wireless RF communications link is being employed.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for a completely transparent data path between a remotely located device and an existing wired network through a plurality of different wireless RF communications link protocols and a plurality of different wired networks protocols selected by the user.
Still another object of the present invention is provide an apparatus which functions as a protocol-appropriate communications controller and makes remote devices indistinguishable from locally attached devices to a wired network.
According to one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for transporting data between a remote device and a host communication network using a wireless communications link is provided. The apparatus comprises a mobile data controller connected to the remote device and the wireless communications link. The mobile data controller comprises a remote data conversion means for converting data to be transported between the remote device and the host communication network. The remote data conversion means converts the transported data between a remote device transmission format utilized by the remote device and a wireless link transmission format utilized by the wireless communications link.
The apparatus also comprises a network interface means for interfacing the host communication network with the wireless communications link. The network interface means comprises a wireless link conversion means for converting the transported data between the wireless link transmission format and a network interface format utilized by the network interface means; and a host network conversion means for converting the transported data between the network interface format and a host network format utilized by the host communication network.
The apparatus further comprises a means for transporting the transported data over the wireless communication in accordance with the wireless link transmission format, the wireless link transmission format and the host network format being incompatible.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the network interface means comprises a remote network controller that logically resides on the host communication network and performs the functions of a network communication controller.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for transporting data further comprises a plurality of network interface means connected by a local network and a synchronization means for synchronizing the transfer of information between the network interface means, the information comprising routing tables and health and status information.
According to a the present invention a method of transporting data from a mobile device to a host network is provided. The remote device and a wireless communications link are connected by a mobile data controller, and the host communication network and the wireless communications link being interfaced by a network interface device.
The method includes the steps of: converting, at the mobile data controller, data to be transported between the remote device and the host communication network, the converting step converting the transported data between a remote device transmission format utilized by the remote device and a wireless link transmission format utilized by the wireless communications link; transporting the transported data over the wireless communications link in accordance with the wireless link transmission format; receiving, at the network interface device, the transport data from the wireless communications link; converting, at the network interface device, the transported data between the wireless link transmission format and a network interface format utilized by the network interface device, the wireless link transmission format and the host network format being incompatible; further converting, at the network interface device, the transported data between the network interface format and a host network format utilized by the host communication network; and forwarding the transported data to the host communication network in accordance with the host network format.
The above-listed and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more fully set forth hereinafter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is further described in the detailed description which follows, by reference to the noted plurality of drawings by way of non-limiting examples of preferred embodiments of the present invention, in which like reference numerals represent similar parts throughout the several views of the drawings, and wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates a general overview of a remote network controller and mobile data controller in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of the basic components of the remote network controller and mobile data controller of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a high-level flow chart, according to the present invention, of the outbound data from a wired communication network to a remote device;
FIG. 4 is a high-level flow chart, according to the present invention, illustrating the flow of inbound data from a remote device to a wired communication network;
FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of the components of a mobile interface in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the processing of an event handler and multithreading dispatcher associated with the mobile interface of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart for indicating the process flow of a process initialization module associated with the mobile interface of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart for indicating the processing of a mobile session manager associated with the mobile interface of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the processing steps for an inbound data event handler associated with the mobile interface of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of the processing steps for an outbound data event handler associated with the mobile interface of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of the processing steps for a process termination module associated with the mobile interface of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of the processes associated with a host data controller interface module associated with the mobile interface of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of the various components of a host data controller in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of the components comprising a service interface according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a flow chart of the processing of an event handler and multithreading dispatcher associated with the service interface of the invention;
FIG. 16 is a flow chart describing the process flow of a process initialization module associated with the service interface of the invention;
FIG. 17 is a flow chart of the processing steps for an inbound data event handler associated with the service interface of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a flow chart of the processing steps for an outbound data event handler associated with the service interface of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a flow chart of the processing steps for a process termination module associated with the service interface of the present invention;
FIGS. 20, 21, 22, 23A, 23B and 24 are flow charts of the various processes associated with a wired communication network interface module associated with the service interface in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 25 is a block diagram of the various components of a mobile data controller of the present invention;
FIG. 26 is a block diagram of the various components of a remote gateway according to another aspect of the present invention; and
FIGS. 27 and 28 illustrate a block diagram of a remote network controller in accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, in which a subsystem synchronization process module is utilized.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates a general overview of a remote network controller and a mobile data controller in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a wired communication network 10 is shown as a host network system having communications controllers 15 and locally-attached devices 12. The wired communication network 10 may be, for example, a Token ring network or an Ethernet Local Area Network (LAN). The locally-attached devices 12 may include a personal computer, a workstation, a printer or network server, and reside at a plurality of dispersed locations. According to the present invention, a remote network controller 20 may also be provided which logically resides on the wired communication network 10 and acts as a protocol-appropriate communications controller to send and receive data to and from the communications network 10 and one or more remote or mobile devices 52. For purposes of illustration, only one of the remote devices 52 is shown in FIG. 1.
Remote devices 52 communicate via a mobile data controller 54 and a wireless radio-frequency (RF) communications link 55 created by the user's radio infrastructure 56 to the remote network controller 20. The mobile data controller 54 may convert asynchronous data from the remote device 52 into an appropriate protocol format of the radio infrastructure 56. In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, the remote devices 52, although not physically connected to the wired communication network 10, are logically connected to the wired communication network 10 through the radio infrastructure 56 and the remote network controller 20 and are indistinguishable from locally-attached devices 12. The remote devices 52 may be, for example, a laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), a credit card reader, or a global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The radio infrastructure 56 may comprise a conventional point to point or trunking radio system.
The logical connection created by the remote network controller 20 between the remote device 52 and the wired communication network 10 is "transparent" to the user of the remote device 52, and to the wired communication network 10. In accordance with an aspect of the invention, the remote network controller 20 takes data transported by the radio infrastructure 56, irrespective of the format protocol of the radio infrastructure, and converts the data into a format protocol recognized by the wired network 10. Similarly, the remote network controller 20 of the present invention takes data from the wired network 10 and converts the data into a format protocol recognized by the radio infrastructure 56. Accordingly, the user of the remote device 52 does not have to perform any additional steps to send and receive data to and from the wired communication network 10, and the wired communication network 10 does not have to perform any additional steps to send and receive data to and from the remote device 52. The user of the remote device 52 interacts with the wired communication network 10 in a similar manner as a user of the locally-attached devices 12. Similarly, the wired communication network 10 interacts with the remote device 52 in a similar manner as the wired communication network interacts with the locally-attached devices 12.
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is illustrated a block diagram of the basic components of the remote network controller 20 of the present invention. Each component of the remote network controller 20 will be generally described for introductory purposes and will later be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The various components of the host data controller 22 and the mobile data controller 54 will also be discussed hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 13 and 25, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 2, the remote network controller 20 may comprise a service interface 30, a mobile interface 24, an interprocess communication manager 28, a control process module 26, and a console interface 34. The remote network controller 20 may be implemented through a collection of software program modules and hardware components working cooperatively. The remote network controller 20 itself may run on a standard platform, such as a personal computer (PC) equipped with a commercially available processor or multi-processor, e.g., an Intel or Motorola based processor or multi-processor, and a commercially available operating system, such as an MS-DOS or UNIX based operating system. The remote network controller 20 may also contain an Ethernet controller or suitable network controller card depending on the wired communication network 10. In addition, the remote network controller 20 may include random access memory and physical storage media including hard disk and tape storage devices.
The wired communications network 10 is connected to the remote network controller 20 by the service interface 30. The service interface 30 handles all network connections. If several wired communications networks 10 are present, one or more service interfaces 30 may be provided to handle wired network connectivity. The service interface 30 connects to an interprocess communication manager 26. The interprocess communication manager 28 manages all inter-process message routing within the remote network controller 20. One or more mobile interfaces 24 may also be provided to handle connectivity with the radio infrastructure(s) 56. Each mobile interface 24 is also connected to the interprocess communication manager 28. The control process module 26 of the remote network controller 20 is provided to process management functions and data integrity. The control process module 26 is connected to the interprocess communication manager 28 and the console interface 34. The console interface 34 allows for user configuration and reporting of data.
As further illustrated in FIG. 2, the remote network controller 20 may be connected to a host data controller 22. One or more host data controllers 22 may be provided for connecting the remote network controller 20 to specific radio infrastructures 56, e.g., a Motorola trunked radio. The host data controller 22 may be connected to the mobile interface 24 of the remote network controller 20.
In the field, the remote device 52 is connected to the mobile data controller 54 which, in turn, is connected to the radio infrastructure 56 for transmitting and receiving data. The mobile data controller 54 is responsible for connecting the remote device 52 to the radio infrastructure 56 and to provide protocol-independent asynchronous serial data transfer to and from the remote device 52.
In order to provide transparent data transportation, whereby the network protocols and the protocols of the radio infrastructure 56 are transparent or invisible to the user, inbound asynchronous data from the remote device 52 is collected and transported to the wired communication network 10 in packets over the radio infrastructure 56. The data is sent using the existing protocols of the radio infrastructure 56. The remote network controller 20 accepts the data and encapsulates it into the appropriate protocol used by the wired communication network 10. The data is passed to the wired communication network 10 in a similar fashion for passing data from any of the other locally-attached devices 12. Similarly, outbound data to the remote device 52 from the wired communication network 10 is removed from the network protocol by the remote network controller 20. The remote network controller 20 then encapsulates the data into the appropriate protocol associated with the radio infrastructure 56 and sends the data over the radio infrastructure 56 to the mobile data controller 54. Upon receipt of the data, the mobile data controller 54 removes the data from the radio infrastructure protocol and asynchronously sends the data to the remote device 52.
In accordance with the present invention, multiple wired networks 10 with different protocols may be linked to multiple RF environments in any combination by incorporating the remote network controller and mobile data controller of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a high-level flow chart for transporting outbound data from the wired communication network 10 to the remote device 52. As shown in FIG. 3, when data is to be sent to the remote device 52, the service interface 30 of the remote network controller 20 accepts data from the wired communication network 10 at step 500. The service interface 30 then converts the data from the protocol used by the wired communication network 10 and encapsulates it into an internal protocol used by the remote network controller 20 at step 502. In addition, the service interface 30 may receive routing information from the wired communication network 10 as to what remote device 52 the data is to be passed, e.g., a network address or device identifier of the remote device 52.
At step 504, the service interface 30 forwards the data to the interprocess communication manager 28. The interprocess communication manager 28 accepts the data at step 506 and, at step 508, places the data in a queue for the appropriate destination mobile interface 24. The destination mobile interface 24 may depend on the radio infrastructure 56 employed by the user. The outbound data that is to be passed from the interprocess communications manager 28 to the mobile interface 24 may be encapsulated in an internal protocol of the remote network controller 20, along with routing information to specify the remote device 52 to which the data is to be sent. At step 510, the interprocess communication manager 28 notifies the mobile interface 24 that the data to be sent to the remote device 52 is queued for the mobile interface. The particular mobile interface 24 that the data is queued for depends on the particular radio infrastructure 56 employed to communicate with the destination remote device 52. At step 512, the mobile interface 24 requests that the queued data be sent from the interprocess communication manager 28. The mobile interface 24 may request data when it is free to send the data to a destination remote device 52 and not handling another process. At step 514, the mobile interface 24 accepts the queued data from the interprocess communication manager 28. Thereafter, at step 516, the mobile interface 24 determines, based on the queued data, the destination node address of the remote device 52 to which the data is to be sent. At step 518, the mobile interface 24 forwards the data to the appropriate host data controller 22 so that it may be sent over the radio infrastructure 56 at step 520. According to an aspect of the present invention, the host data controller 22 may receive the data, remove it from the internal protocol and encapsulate the data into a packet determined by the protocol used by the radio infrastructure 56. The packet of data may be broadcasted over the radio infrastructure 56 so as to enable the host data controller 22 to communicate with multiple mobile data controllers 54 simultaneously. The broadcasted data packet may include the identification of the specific mobile data controller 54 to which the packet is to be delivered, so that only uniquely identified mobile controller(s) may accept the packet.
Referring again to FIG. 3, at step 522, the mobile data controller 54 receives the data from the remote radio infrastructure 56 and decodes the data. The data packet, once received by the mobile data controller 54, is accepted and the data is removed from the packet. At step 524, the mobile data controller 54 validates the data and, at step 526, sends an acknowledgment or rejection message to the host data controller 22 via the radio infrastructure 56. According to the present invention, the remote network controller 20 and the host data controller 22 may be responsible for ensuring the integrity of the data transported over the radio infrastructure. As such, an error detection/retry mechanism may be employed to detect and correct data transmission errors. After the integrity of the data is verified, the mobile data controller 54 at step 528 will forward the data to the remote device 52. The data may be asynchronously transferred to the remote device 52 through a serial connection.
FIG. 4 is a high-level flow chart illustrating the processing of inbound data from the remote device 52 to the wired communication network 10. At step 550, the mobile data controller 54 accepts data from the remote device 52. At step 552, the mobile data controller 54 formats and sends the data to the remote network controller 20 via the radio infrastructure 56, which may comprise a modem. The data may be transmitted using the appropriate protocol of the radio infrastructure 56. The data may be modulated within the mobile data controller 54 prior to transmission via the radio infrastructure 56. The mobile data controller 52 may place the data from the remote device 52 into packets to be sent over the radio infrastructure 56. The packet size can be determined by one of three methods. The first is a maximum packet size. Once an upper limit of data is accumulated, the mobile data controller 54 may send the packet of information to the host data controller 22. For example, once 256 bytes of data are collected, the data may sent by the radio infrastructure 56 over the RF communications link 55. The second method is a maximum time to wait before sending data. In this case the mobile data controller 54 will send a packet after waiting a predetermined period of time, no matter how much data is accumulated. The third method involves the mobile data controller 54 detecting a predefined "end-of-packet" character which causes all accumulated data to be transmitted.
At step 554, the host data controller 22 receives and decodes the data packet from the protocol of the radio infrastructure 56. Generally, the data arrives as a packet of a predetermined size. At step 556, the host data controller 22 validates the data and, thereafter, sends at step 558 an acknowledgment or rejection message to the mobile data controller 54 based on the validation process. According to an aspect of the present invention, the host data controller 22 may determine if the transmitted data packet is correct, or in error. The host data controller 22 may also determine if the data packet has arrived in the proper sequence, and that the packet is not a duplicate. As discussed above, the inbound data may be removed from the packet and encapsulated in the internal protocol used by the remote network controller 20. The internal protocol may contain additional information, such as the identification of the mobile data controller 54 which sent the information.
At step 560, the host data controller 22 forwards the data to the mobile interface 24. The mobile interface 24 accepts the data from the host data controller 22 at step 562. The mobile interface 24 validates the address of the source of the data (e.g., the particular mobile data controller 54 or remote device 52) at step 562. At step 566, the mobile interface 24 forwards the data to the interprocess communication manager 28, which accepts the data at step 568. The mobile interface may also pass the routing information specifying the remote device 52 from which the data originated. At step 570, the interprocess communication manager 28 places the data into a queue for the destination service interface 30. The particular destination service interface 30 will depend upon which wired communication network 10 the data is to be delivered. Included in the information which is passed to the service interface 30 is the destination address (i.e., the communication network 10 to which the data is to be delivered). At step 572, the service interface 30, when available to handle data, requests the data from the interprocess communication manager 28. The service interface 30 accepts the data at step 576 and converts the data into an appropriate form, i.e., protocol, usable by the wired communication network 10 at step 578. As a result, the data may be passed to the hardware device (e.g., an Ethernet controller) using the protocol required by the wired communication network 10. This configuration allows any existing network interface card to be used in conjunction with the remote network controller 20, because the data is placed into the appropriate network protocol by the service interface 30 before it is transmitted to the wired network. At step 580, the service interface 30 forwards the data to the wired communication network 10.
The validation process of the outbound data depicted in FIG. 3 and inbound data depicted in FIG. 4 does not depend on the type of wired communication network 10 employed by the user. Through a single validation process performed by the host data controller 22 and the mobile data controller 54 (see steps 524 and 526 in FIG. 3 and steps 556 and 558 in FIG. 4), the integrity of the data transmitted from the wired communication network 10 to the remote device 52 through the radio infrastructure 56 is ensured. This validation process may include, for example, an error detection and retry mechanism to detect errors and to cause (when necessary) the retransmission of the data.
Referring now to FIG. 5, there is illustrated a block diagram of the basic components of the mobile interface 24 of the remote network controller 20 of the present invention. As noted above, the mobile interface 24 is responsible for interfacing the remote network controller 20 with the host data controller 22 and the radio infrastructure 56. The mobile interface 24 may be a software interface that records statistical information related to inbound and outbound data. The mobile interface 24 may also be responsible for error detection and correction, and establishing and managing the mobile data sessions with the remote devices 52. The number of mobile interfaces 24 provided in the remote network controller 20 depends on the number of different types of radio infrastructures 56 employed by the user. Each type of radio infrastructure 56 may have its own associated mobile interface 24.
As shown in FIG. 5, the mobile interface 24 may include an event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60, a process initialization module 62, a mobile session manager 64, an inbound data event handler 66, an outbound data event handler 68, a process termination module 70 and a host data controller interface module 72. The event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 may contain high-level logic and be used to control the overall execution flow of the mobile interface 24. The process initialization module 62 may be utilized to acquire resources and establish the operation environment for the mobile interface 24 process. The process initialization module 62 may also be provided to initialize the host data controller 22.
According to the instant invention, the mobile session manager 64 may be provided to control the communications environment between the mobile data controller 54 and the host data controller 22. The inbound data event handler 66 responds to signals from the host data controller 22 indicating that inbound data is available and preprocess session control information. The outbound data event handler 68 is provided to respond to signals from the interprocess communication manager 28 indicating that outbound data is available or that a session control function is required. The process termination module 70 functions to release previously-acquired resources and terminate the mobile interface 24 process efficiently. The host data controller interface module 72 handles low-level interaction with the associated host data controller(s) 22.
The process flow of the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 will now be described with reference to FIG. 6. At step 600, the process begins when the remote network controller 20 is powered up and initialized. At step 602, the process initialization module 62 is invoked (described below with reference to FIG. 7). At step 604, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 waits for an event (e.g., receipt of inbound data) to occur. While the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 waits for an event to occur, mobile interface 24 may be placed in a "sleep" mode to conserve processor resources. At step 606, once an event occurs, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines if it is a recognized event. If the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines it is not a recognized event at step 606, processing returns to step 604. If, however, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines that the event is a recognized event at step 606, then processing continues at step 608, where the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines if the data was received from the host data controller 22.
At step 608, if the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines the data was received from the host data controller 22, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 invokes the inbound data event handler 66, at step 614 (described below with reference to FIG. 9) and processing continues at step 604. If at step 608 the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines that the data was not received from the host data controller 22, then the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines whether the data was received from the service interface 30 at step 610.
If the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 at step 610 determines that the data was received from the service interface 30, then at step 616 the outbound data event handler 68 is invoked (described below with reference to FIG. 10) and processing returns to step 604. If the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 at step 610 determines that the data was not received from the service interface 30, then at step 612 the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines if there is a process termination request.
If, at step 612, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines there is a process termination request, then at step 618, the process termination module 70 is invoked (described below with reference to FIG. 11). If, at step 612, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines that there is not process termination request, then processing continues at step 604 to wait for another event.
Referring now to FIG. 7, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart for indicating the process flow of the process initialization module 62 of FIG. 5. At step 620, the interprocess communications interface is setup. At step 622, the operating environment parameters are parsed and processed. This includes the host data controller 22 parameters referenced in steps 626, 632 and 634 below. At step 624, memory is allocated for the session and other tables contained within the mobile interface 24, which are used to control data flow and other operations. At step 626, the host data controller 22 parameters are accessed. At step 628, a path to the host data controller 22 port is opened. At step 630, the host data controller 22 then is prevented from monitoring for an event from the remote device(s) 52. Step 630 prevents erroneous transmissions that may arise if the host data controller 22 attempts to monitor a remote device 52 before the initialization process is complete. At step 632, the host data controller 22 communication parameters are set. At step 634, the communication parameters are downloaded to the host data controller 22. After the initialization processes of steps 632 and 634 are completed, the host data controller 22 at step 636 is enabled to monitor the remote device(s) 52. At step 638, the entire initialization procedure is complete and processing returns to step 604 in FIG. 6.
Referring now to FIG. 8, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart describing the logic flow the mobile session manager 64 of FIG. 5. At step 640, the mobile session manager 64 handler is entered from the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 24 when remote data is detected. At step 642, the remote identifier of the remote device 52 is looked up in a session table. At step 644, the mobile session manager 64 determines if the remote identifier was found in the session table. If the mobile session manager 64 determines that the remote identifier was found, the address is returned from the session table at step 646.
If the mobile session manager 64 does not find the remote identifier at step 644, then at step 648 the mobile session manager 64 attempts to authenticate the remote identifier. At step 650, the mobile session manager determines if the authentication is successful. If at step 650 the authentication is successful, then at step 656 the host data controller 22 is instructed to connect to the remote device 52 based on the remote identifier. After the host data controller 22 is connected to the remote device 52, the appropriate service interface 30 is invoked at step 658. At step 660, processing is complete. If at step 650, the authentication was not successful, the remote data is ignored at step 652, and a null session table entry address is returned by the mobile session manager 64.
Referring now to FIG. 9, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the processing steps of the inbound data event handler 66 of FIG. 5. At step 662, the inbound data event handler is invoked (from step 614 in FIG. 6). At step 664, the remote identifier of the remote device 52 is checked against the session table. At step 666, it is determined whether the inbound data event handler 66 found the remote identifier in the session table. If at step 666, the remote identifier is not found in the session table, the data is ignored and processing continues at step 604 in FIG. 6. If the remote identifier is found in the session table at step 666, the data is sent to the service interface 30 at step 670. Processing then continues at step 604 in FIG. 6.
Referring now to FIG. 10, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the processing steps of the outbound data event handler 68 of FIG. 5. At step 672, the outbound data event handler is invoked (from step 616, FIG. 6). At step 674, the session table is checked for the outbound data remote identifier. At step 676, it is determined if the outbound data event handler 68 found the remote identifier in the session table. If at step 676, the remote identifier is not found in the session table, an error is logged and the data message is ignored. Processing then continues at step 604 in FIG. 6. If the remote identifier is found in the session table at step 676, the data is sent to the remote device 52 as a single packet at step 680. Processing then continues at step 604 in FIG. 6.
Referring now to FIG. 11, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the processing steps of the process termination module 70 of FIG. 5. At step 682, the process termination module 70 is invoked (from step 618 in FIG. 6). At step 684, the process termination module 70 determines if there are any active remote sessions. If, at step 684, it is determined by the process termination module 70 that there are no active sessions, then at step 686 all files are closed and the mobile interface 24 terminates. If, however, it is determined by the process termination module 70 that there are active sessions, then at step 688 all of the active sessions are issued a disconnect request. At step 690, the process termination module waits for all active sessions to terminate. Once all active sessions have terminated at step 690, then all files are closed and the mobile interface 24 terminates at step 686.
Referring now to FIG. 12, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the processes associated with the host data controller interface module 72 of FIG. 5. The host data controller interface module 72 consists of a number of discrete functions (e.g., Initialize, Command, Send Data, and Receive Data) which are called when needed by the mobile interface 24 and share common information about the host data controller 22. The host data controller interface module 72 may access the host data controller 22 via a serial communications port which is assigned to the mobile interface 24 and remains fixed when the remote network controller 20 is in operation.
A host data controller 22 initialize routine begins at step 692. The initialization routine may be initiated in accordance with step 602 (see FIG. 6) and steps 632 and 634 (see FIG. 7). At step 694, the serial communications port is accessed and setup. Thereafter, at step 696, the port handle and status is saved to be used by other processes within the host data controller interface module 72.
A host data controller 22 command routine begins at step 698. The command routine may be initiated upon the occurrence of a recognized event (see, e.g., step 604 in FIG. 6) so that the appropriate control or operation commands may be sent to the host data controller 22. At step 700, the host data controller 22 is placed into a command mode. At step 702, a command (e.g., disconnect or receive) is issued to the host data controller 22 based on the event that is recognized. At step 704, the host data controller interface module 72 awaits a confirmation of acceptance of the command from the host data controller 22. At step 706, the result of the command is returned to the host data controller interface module 72.
A host data controller 22 send data routine begins at step 708 and may be initiated from step 680 in FIG. 10. The send data routine is initialized so that data may be sent to the appropriate remote device 52. First, the physical identification of the remote device 52 is determined at step 710. Thereafter, the data to be sent to the remote device 52 is placed into a packet at step 712, and sent to the host data controller 22 at step 714.
At step 716, a host data controller 22 receive data routine is initiated in accordance with step 670 in FIG. 9. The receive data routine is initiated so that data from the remote device 52 may be received by the remote network controller 20. At step 718, data is accumulated within the host data controller 22 receive data routine (see, FIG. 12, step 716) until a full packet of information is received. Thereafter, at step 720, the packet is identified as either session oriented or monitor oriented data. The identified data packet is then returned, at step 722, to the mobile interface 24 and sent to the wired communication network 10 via the remote network controller 20.
Referring now to FIG. 13, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is illustrated a block diagram of the basic components of the host data controller 22 (see, e.g., FIG. 2) of the present invention. The host controller 22 may be physically connected external to the remote network controller 20 via the mobile interface 24. The host data controller 22 is specifically designed to convert the radio infrastructure 56 protocol to the internal protocol of the remote network controller 20. Typically, one host data controller 22 may be connected to each mobile interface 24; however, one or more host data controllers 22 may be connected for redundancy and greater reliability.
As shown in FIG. 13, the host data controller 22 may comprise an RF communications interface module 80, a remote network controller communications interface module 78, and a configuration and monitoring module 82. The host data controller 22 may comprise any combination of hardware and software to perform the functions described herein. For example, the host data controller 22 may comprise a commercially available processor or multi-processor with overlying application software. The software running in the host data controller 22 may be written in Z80 or other appropriate high-level language (e.g., Pascal). The host data controller 22 may also contain a plurality of serial ports for communicating with other devices.
The remote network controller communications interface module 78 is connected to the mobile interface 24 of the remote network controller 20 and is responsible for sending and receiving data to and from the remote network controller 20. A subsystem port 76 (e.g., an RS-232 adapter) may be used to connect the remote network controller communications interface module 78 to the mobile interface 24 of the remote network controller 20. If the host data controller 20 is connected to more than one remote network controller, then additional subsystem port connection(s) may also be provided to connect to the interface module 78 to the additional remote network controllers. The remote network controller communications interface module 78 sends health and status information regarding the host data controller 22 to the mobile interface 24. This information informs the remote network controller 20 that the host data controller 22 is operational and accepting data.
The configuration and monitoring module 82 is specific to the type of radio infrastructure 56 employed. Software parameters, such as the number of subsystem ports, how often to send health and status requests, and a list of mobile data controllers 54 to which the host data controller 22 can communicate, may be set and stored in the configuration and monitoring module 82. The configuration and monitoring module 82 can also accumulate statistics which are passed to the mobile interface 24.
In order to diagnose potential system errors in the host data controller 22, the remote network controller 20 may test and analyze the host data controller 22 over a diagnostic port (not shown) to determine a cause of the system failure or error. The diagnostic port may be used not only to determine if the host data controller 22 is operational, but also to configure software parameters particular to the type of radio infrastructure 56. These parameters can be changed to communicate with a different radio infrastructure 56 type as necessary.
The RF communications interface module 80 is responsible for sending and receiving the radio-frequency transmissions. The RF communications interface module 80 is specific to the radio infrastructure 56 in use and is connected to the radio infrastructure 56 by a communication line 57. Again, because the host data controller 22 is designed to integrate with an existing radio infrastructure 56, each host data controller 22 is software configured to work with many different types of radio infrastructure 56 protocols for flexibility. The host data controller 22 may be designed to be plugged into the remote network controller 20, connecting to the mobile interface 24, and can simply be exchanged with a different host data controller 22, or reprogrammed depending on the radio infrastructure 56 employed. Host data controllers 22 may be configured so as to be compatible with, for example, conventional point-to-point radio systems, conventional repeater-based radio systems, LTR Trunking, Motorola Trunking, Ericsson (EDACS) Trunking--Voice Path, EDACS RDI Trunking--Data Path, and EDACS IMC Voice Path radio infrastructures.
Referring to FIG. 14, there is illustrated a block diagram of the components comprising the service interface 30 (see FIG. 2) of the present invention. The service interface 30 is responsible for communicating to and from the wired communication network 10. The service interface 30 is concerned only with the software level protocols of the wired communication network 10. The hardware interface to the wired communication network 10 is accomplished by a known network control card, such as an Ethernet controller or a Token-ring controller.
The number of service interface 30 connections to the wired communication network 10 is dictated by the type of wired communication network 10. If the wired communication network 10 uses asynchronous data transfer, there will be one service interface 30 for every entry point, e.g., serial port, into the wired communication network 10. In an local area network (LAN) environment, each service interface 30 may handle a variety of different network addresses. A different service interface 30 may be used for each type of wired communication network 10.
As shown in FIG. 14, the service interface 30 may include an event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90, a process initialization module 92, an inbound data event handler 94, an outbound data event handler 96, a process termination module 98 and a wired network interface module 100. The event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 may contain high-level logic and be used to control the overall execution flow of the service interface 30. The process initialization module 92 acquires resources and establishes the operation environment of the service interface 30 process. The inbound data event handler 94 responds to signals from the interprocess communication manager 28 that inbound data is available and preprocess session control information. The inbound data event handler 94 may also handle asynchronous timer events. The outbound data event handler 96 is provided to respond to signals from wired communication network interface module 100 that outbound data is available or that a timer event has occurred. The process termination module 98 functions to release previously-acquired resources and terminate the service interface 30 process gracefully. The wired communication network interface module 100 handles low-level interaction with the associated wired communication network transport mechanism, i.e., communication protocol, being used.
An exemplary process flow of the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 (see FIG. 14) of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 15. At step 800, the process begins when the service interface 30 is powered up and initialized. At step 802, the process initialization module 92 is invoked (described below with reference to FIG. 16). At step 804, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 waits for an event to occur in response, e.g., to network or remote device activity. While the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 waits for an event to occur, the service interface 30 may be placed in a "sleep" mode to conserve processing power. At step 806, once an event occurs, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines if it is a recognized event. Recognized events may include Initialize, Send Data, Receive Data and/or Terminate. If the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 60 determines it is not a recognized event at step 806, then processing returns to step 804. If the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 recognizes the event at step 806, then processing continues at step 808, where the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines if the data was received from the host communication network 10.
At step 808, if the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines the data was received from the host wired communication network 10, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 invokes the inbound data event handler 94, at step 814 (described below with reference to FIG. 17) and, thereafter, processing continues at step 804. If at step 808 the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines that the data was not received from the host wired communication network 10, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 then determines if the data was received from the mobile interface 24 at step 810.
If the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines at step 810 that the data was received from the mobile interface 24, then at step 816 the outbound data event handler 96 is invoked (described below with reference to FIG. 18) and, thereafter, processing continues at step 804. If the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 at step 810 determines that the data was not received from the mobile interface 24, then at step 812 the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines if there is a process termination request.
If, at step 812, the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines there is a process termination request, then at step 818 the process termination module 98 is invoked (described below with reference to FIG. 19). However, if at step 812 the event handler and multithreading dispatcher 90 determines that there is not process termination request, then processing returns to step 804 to wait for another event.
Referring now to FIG. 16, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart describing the process flow of the process initialization module 92 (see, e.g., FIG. 14) of the present invention. At step 820, the interprocess communications interface is setup when the service interface 30 is started or powered up. At step 822, the operating environment parameters are parsed and processed (i.e., the parameters of the operating environment are processed individually). At step 824, any resources required (e.g., memory) are acquired. Thereafter, at step 826, the wired communication network interface module 100 is invoked (see FIGS. 20-24 discussed below). As discussed below, the wired communication network interface module 100 may include several procedures associated with initializing the connectivity with the wired communication network 10, reading data from the wired communication network 10, writing data to the wired communication network 10, and terminating connectivity with the wired communication network 10. In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a unique set of procedures may be provided by the wired communication network interface module 100 for each type of wired communication network 10. For example, a unique set of procedures may be provided for networks utilizing transparent asynchronous communications, TCP/IP stream sockets, Vehicle Location Reporting Facilities, Bidirectional Messaging Facilities, or Credit Card Verification Facilities.
After the wired communication network interface module 100 is invoked, the results of the previous operations performed at step 826 are sent at step 828 to the mobile interface 24. At step 830, it is determined by the process initialization module 92 if the wired communication network interface module 100 was successfully invoked at step 826. If it is determined at step 830 that the wired communication network interface module 100 was successfully invoked, then the initialization is complete at step 832, and processing returns to step 804 in FIG. 15. If, however, it is determined at step 830 that the wired communication network interface module was not successfully invoked, then the service interface 30 is terminated at step 834.
Referring now to FIG. 17, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the processing steps for the inbound data event handler 94 (see, e.g., FIG. 14) of the present invention. At step 836, the inbound data event handler is invoked (from step 814 in FIG. 15). At step 838, the data portion of the message sent by the wired communication network 10 is extracted. At step 840, the service interface 30 requests a packet of data from the mobile interface 24. At step 842, after the packet is accepted by the service interface 30, data is sent to the appropriate destination via the wired communication network 10. The inbound data event handler 94 then waits for a disconnect request at step 844. If the inbound data event handler 94 receives a disconnect request at step 844, then a disconnect command is sent to the mobile interface 24 at step 846. Processing then continues at step 804 in FIG. 15. If, however, the inbound data event handler 94 does not receive a disconnect request at step 844, then the request received is ignored at step 848 and, thereafter, processing then continues at step 804 in FIG. 15.
Referring now to FIG. 18, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the processing steps for the outbound data event handler 96 (see FIG. 14) of the present invention. At step 850, the outbound data event handler is invoked (from step 816 in FIG. 15). At step 852, the outbound data event handler 96 determines if there is a request (e.g., a disconnect request from the wired communication network 10 or the remote device 52). If there is a request, then processing continues at step 856. However, if there is presently not a request, then at step 854 the outbound data from the network 10 is sent to remote device 52 via the mobile interface 24. At step 865, the outbound data event handler 96 then determines if a disconnect request has been received. If the outbound data event handler 96 receives a disconnect request at step 856, then a disconnect command is sent to the mobile interface 24 at step 860 by the interprocess communication manager 28 (see, e.g., FIG. 2). Processing then continues at step 804 in FIG. 15. If, however, the outbound data event handler 96 does not receive a disconnect request at step 856, then the request received is ignored at step 862 and processing then continues at step 804 in FIG. 15.
Referring now to FIG. 19, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the processing steps for the process termination module 98 (see FIG. 14) of the present invention. At step 864, the process termination module 98 is invoked (from step 818 in FIG. 15). At step 866, the wired communication network interface module 100 connection is closed. Thereafter, at step 868, the processes associated with the service interface 30 are terminated.
Referring now to FIGS. 20-24, there are illustrated exemplary flow charts of the various processes that may performed by the wired communication network interface module 100 of the present invention. The wired communication network interface module 100 may consist of a number of discrete functions which provide the service interface 30 with a uniform means of communicating with various host computer networks, irrespective of the communication protocols of the wired communication network 10. All protocol and other feature-specific communications translation and handling is performed at the wired communication network interface module 100. The wired communication network interface module 100 may be designed for networks utilizing different implementations, such as transparent asynchronous communication, Hayes compatible communication, TCP/IP stream socket, Bidirectional Messaging Facilities, File Transfer Facilities, SNA Protocol Enveloping, Vehicle Location Reporting Facilities, Credit Card Verification Facilities, and Harris DNP 3.0 Frame Relay. As noted above, a unique set of procedures may be provided by the wired communication network interface module 100 for each type of wired communication network 10. Examples of several of these sets of procedures are provided below.
Referring now to FIG. 20, there is illustrated an exemplary flow chart of the set of procedures associated with the wired communication network interface module 100 that are designed for transparent asynchronous communication networks. At step 900, an initialization process begins in accordance, for example, with step 802 of FIG. 15. At step 902, the serial port of the wired communication network 10 that is to be used is determined, and the identified port is opened or accessed at step 904. At step 906, the speed (bps), the parity (odd or even), and the data bits for communication with the network 10 are established along with other appropriate parameters.
At step 908 a data read operation begins. The data read routine may be invoked the outbound data event handler 96 at step 850 (see FIG. 18). Initially, at step 910, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if there is data to be read from the serial port. If at step 910 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines there is data to be read, then at step 916 the data is added to an accumulated data buffer within the remote network controller 20. At step 918, if the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that the data buffer is full, then at step 914 the data accumulated in the buffer is returned to the calling module. If, however, at step 910 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines there is no data to be read from the serial port attached to the network 10, then at step 912 it is determined if the inter-character time (e.g., a predetermined character receipt delay time) has been exceeded. If at step 912 the inter-character time has been exceed, then at step 914 the accumulated data buffer is returned to the calling module to be further processed. Otherwise, if the intercharacter time has not been exceeded, then processing continues at step 910 so that the wired communication network interface module 100 may again determine if there is data to be read from the serial port.
At step 920, a write data routine is started. The write data routine may be initiated by the inbound data event handler 94 at step 836 in FIG. 17. At step 922, the data is sent directly to the serial port of the wired communication network 10. The write data routine is thereafter completed.
At step 924, a terminate routine is initiated. The terminate routine may be initiated in accordance with a terminate request at step 818 in FIG. 15. In response to initiation of the terminate routine, the serial port of the network 10 is closed at step 926. Thereafter, at step 928, the serial port resource is released so it may be used by another process. Finally, at step 930, any data buffers in use are also released.
Referring now to FIG. 21, there is illustrated exemplary flow charts of the set of procedures associated with the wired communication network interface module 100 for networks utilizing TCP/IP stream socket connectivity. At step 932, an initialization process begins in accordance, for example, with step 802 of FIG. 15. At step 934, a host network and serial port to be used are determined. At step 936, an appropriate socket is created. At step 938, the socket server is accessed for data transport.
At step 940 a data read operation begins. The data read routine may be invoked the outbound data event handler 96 at step 850 (see FIG. 18). Initially, at step 942, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if there is data to be read from the socket. If at step 942 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines there is data to be read, then at step 944 the data buffer is returned to the remote network controller 20 for further processing.
At step 946, a write data routine is started. The write data routine may be initiated by the inbound data event handler 94 at step 836 in FIG. 17. At step 948, the data is sent by the wired network interface module 100 directly to the socket at the wired communication network 10. The write data routine is thereafter completed.
At step 950, a terminate routine is initiated. The terminate routine may be initiated in accordance with a terminate request at step 818 in FIG. 15. Initially, the socket is closed at step 952. Thereafter, at step 954, the socket resource is released so it may be used by another process. Finally, at step 956, any data buffers in use are also released.
Referring now to FIG. 22, there is illustrated exemplary flow charts of the set of procedures associated with the wired communication network interface module 100 for use with networks utilizing Vehicle Location Reporting Facilities. At step 958, an initialization process begins in accordance, for example, with step 802 of FIG. 15. At step 960 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines a position recording file to be used to record data. The position recording file may be stored within the wired communication network 10. At step 962, the position recording file is accessed from the network 10. Thereafter, at step 964, the recording interval is placed into a read buffer that may be provided to the remote device 52 via the mobile data controller 54.
At step 966 a data read operation begins. The data read routine may be invoked the outbound data event handler 96 at step 850 (see FIG. 18). Initially, at step 968, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if there is data in the read buffer. If at step 968 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines there is data in the read buffer, then at step 970 the contents of the read buffer is returned to the calling module.
At step 972, a write data operation is started. The write data routine may be initiated by the inbound data event handler 94 at step 836 in FIG. 17. Initially, at step 974, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if a full Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) message has been accumulated. If at step 974, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that a full GPS message has not been accumulated, then no action is taken at step 980. If at step 974, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that a full GPS message has been accumulated, then the message is converted at step 976 to a standard form usable by the wired communications network 10. At step 978, the position recording file at the host is appended with the GPS message.
At step 982, a terminate routine is initiated. The terminate routine may be initiated in accordance with a terminate request at step 818 in FIG. 15. The terminate routine may comprise closing the position recording file at step 984.
Referring now to FIGS. 23A and 23B, there is illustrated exemplary flow charts of the set of procedures associated with the wired communication network interface module 100 that are designed for networks utilizing Bidirectional Messaging Facilities or Store and Forward Messaging Facilities. Referring to FIG. 23A, at step 986, an initialization process begins. The initialization process may be started in accordance, for example, with step 802 of FIG. 15. At step 988, a message queue for the remote device 52 is accessed. Thereafter, at step 990, if no queue exists for the remote device 52, a message queue is created at the remote network controller 20.
At step 992 a data read operation begins. The data read routine may be invoked by the outbound data event handler 96 at step 850 (see FIG. 18). Initially, at step 994, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if a message is in the process of being sent. If at step 994 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that a message is being sent, then at step 998, the current message segment is sent by the remote device 52 to the wired communication network 10. If at step 994 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that no message is being sent, then at step 996, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if there is a message queued. If at step 996 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that no messages are queued then no action is taken. However, if at step 996 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that there is a message queued for the remote device 52, then the current message queued is sent at step 998. After the last segment of the message is sent, the wired communication network interface module 100 may indicate that delivery of the message is pending to the remote device 52 at step 1000.
At step 1002, a write data routine is initiated. The write data routine may be initiated by the inbound data event handler 94 at step 836 in FIG. 17. Initially, at step 1004, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if a new message is present. If at step 1004 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that a new message is present, then at step 1010 the wired communication network interface module 100 starts a new queue entry. Thereafter, processing continues at step 1006, where the message segment is recorded. At step 1008, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if this is the last segment. If at step 1008 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that it is the last segment, then at step 1012, the queue entry is closed and "Message Received" message may be placed into the read buffer at step 1014 to be sent to the remote device 52. If at step 1008, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that it is not the last segment, then no action is taken.
Referring to FIG. 23B, at step 1016, a terminate routine is started. The terminate routine may be initiated in accordance with a terminate request at step 818 in FIG. 15. At step 1018, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if the terminate request has come in the middle of a message. If at step 1018, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that the request came in the middle of a message, then the message is purged at step 1022. Processing then continues at step 1020, where the wired communication network interface module 100 closes the message queue.
Referring now to FIG. 24, there is illustrated flow charts of the set of procedures associated with the wired communication network interface module 100 designed for use with networks utilizing Credit Card Point-of-Sale Facilities. At step 1024, an initialization process begins. The initialization process may be started in accordance, for example, with step 802 of FIG. 15. In accordance with the invention, no action is required for the initialization procedure.
At step 1026 a data read operation begins. The data read routine may be invoked the outbound data event handler 96 at step 850 (see FIG. 18). Initially, at step 1028, the wired communication network interface module 100 determines if there is a response from a server attached to the wired communication network 10. If at step 1028 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines there is a response from the server, then at step 1030 the response is read, and the response buffer is returned to the remote device 52 at step 1032. If at step 1028 there is no response from the server, then no action is taken.
At step 1034, a write data operation is started. The write data routine may be initiated by the inbound data event handler 94 at step 836 in FIG. 17. At step 1036, the wired communication network interface module 100 first determines if a full request by the remote device 52 has been accumulated. If at step 1036 the wired communication network interface module 100 determines that a full request has not been accumulated, then the remote device 52 continues to accumulated a request at step 1042. If at step 1036 a full request has been accumulated, then at step 1038, the request is formatted for the server on the wired communications network 10. Thereafter, the request is placed into the server file at step 1040.
At step 1044, a terminate routine is illustrated. The terminate routine may be initiated in accordance with a terminate request at step 818 in FIG. 15. According to the present invention, no action is necessary for the terminate routine.
Referring now to FIG. 25, there is illustrated a block diagram of the various components of the mobile data controller 54, according to another aspect of the present invention. The mobile data controller 54 may be specifically designed to match the asynchronous data transferred to and from the remote device 52 to the radio infrastructure 56 protocol. Typically, there is one type of mobile data controller 54 that is associated with a host data controller 22 which is connected to the mobile interface 24 of the remote network controller 20. In addition, the mobile data controller 54 may have a unique identifier associated with it for routing purposes.
In accordance with the present invention, the mobile data controller 54 may be implemented by any combination of hardware and software. For example, the mobile data controller 54 may comprise a commercially available processor with overlying software and random access memory. The software running in the mobile data controller 54 may be written in Z80 or other appropriate processor-based (i.e., native) assembly language and configured to the specific radio infrastructure 56. The software may specify the various voltage levels and logic signals necessary to communicate via the RF communications infrastructure 56. As noted above, the mobile data controller 54 may translate and pass any protocols associated with the wired communications network 10 to and from the remote device 52 to make it appear to the wired communication network 10 that the remote device 52 is locally-attached.
The mobile data controller 54 is configurable over the radio infrastructure 56. Configuration information may be input by an operator at the remote network controller 20 through the console interface 34 (see FIG. 2) and passed over the radio infrastructure 56 to the mobile data controller 54. This allows parameters such as packet size to be changed at the host wired communications network 10 without the necessity of altering the mobile data controller 52 in the field.
As shown in FIG. 25, the mobile data controller 54 may comprise an RF communications interface module 106, a remote device communications interface module 102, and a configuration and monitoring module 104. The mobile data controller 54 may be connected to the remote device 52 via a communication port 108 for sending and receiving data. The remote device communications interface module 102 is connected to the remote device 52 via the communication port 108 and is responsible for sending data to, and receiving data from, the remote device 52. The communication port 108 may comprise, for example, an RS-232 adapter.
The configuration and monitoring module 104 is specific to the type of radio infrastructure 56 employed. Software parameters, such as the number of subsystem ports, how often to send health and status requests, and a list of host data controllers 22 to which the mobile data controller 54 can communicate, may be set and stored in the configuration and monitoring module 104. The configuration and monitoring module 104 can also accumulate statistics which are passed to the host data controller 22.
In order to diagnose potential system errors in the mobile data controller 54, an operator may be provided with the ability to field test and analyze the mobile data controller via an external diagnostic port 112 to determine a cause of the system error or failure. The diagnostic port 112 may be used not only to determine if the mobile data controller 54 is operational, but also can be used to configure software parameters to determine the type of the radio infrastructure 56. These parameters can be changed to communicate with a different type of radio infrastructure 56 as necessary.
The RF communications interface module 106 is responsible for sending and receiving the data via radio-frequency (RF) transmission. The RF communications interface module 106 is specific to the radio infrastructure 56 used, and is connected to the radio infrastructure 56 through a communication line 110. Because the mobile data controller 54 is designed to integrate with an existing radio infrastructure 56, each mobile data controller 54 may be software configured, for purposes of flexibility, to work with many types of radio infrastructure 56 protocols. The RF communications interface module 106 may also send health and status information regarding the mobile data controller 54 to the host data controller 22. This information may inform the remote network controller 20 that the mobile data controller 54 is operational and the remote device 52 is accepting data.
According to the present invention, the RF communication interface module 106 may include a commercially available modem (not shown). The modem may be selected depending on the data rate(s) of the communication line 100 and the radio infrastructure 56. More than one modem may be provided if multiple data rates are required. Optionally, the modem can be implemented using a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) chip and associated software. The DSP chip can be a commercially available programmable signal processing chip. In such a case, the DSP implementation will allow a single modem to be changed (e.g., by uploading new parameters to the DSP software) in order to communicate with a plurality of different types of radio infrastructures 56 having distinct protocols and data rates.
Similar to the host data controllers 22, the mobile data controllers 54 may be compatible with, for example, conventional point-to-point radio systems, conventional repeater-based radio systems, LTR Trunking, Motorola Trunking, Ericsson (EDACS) Trunking-Voice Path, EDACS RDI Trunking-Data Path, and EDACS IMC Voice Path based radio infrastructures 56.
Referring again to FIG. 2, a brief description of the interprocess communications manager 28 will be provided. According to the present invention, the interprocess communications manager 28 is responsible for routing all communication between the various modules and interfaces within the remote network controller 20. The interprocess communications manager 28 creates a logical route from the remote device 52 to the service interface 30 of the remote network controller. The interprocess communications manager 28 passes routing information which determines from which radio infrastructure 56 and remote device 52 the inbound data has come from, and to which radio infrastructure 56 and remote device 52 the outbound data will be sent.
The interprocess communications manager 28 may also pass information generated by the remote network controller 20, which is independent of the data and routing information. This information may include internal parameters and error detection codes. The interprocess communications manager 28 also interfaces with the control process module 26. The control process 26 may act as the "central hub" of the remote network controller 20. The control process 26 provides resource management, process management, session management, configuration management and system statistics management within the remote network controller 20.
As further shown in FIG. 2, the remote network controller 20 also includes a console interface 34. The console interface 34 may be adapted to allow a network operator to configure and control the wireless network interfaces described above, the mobile user characteristics and the configuration information of the wired communications network 10. The console interface 34 may be a stand-alone platform having a commercially available processor (e.g., an Intel or Motorola based processor) and an Ethernet controller card for communicating, for example, with another remote network controller 20.
Referring now to FIG. 26, there is illustrated a remote gateway 120, in accordance with another aspect of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 26, the remote gateway 120 is comprised of a transparent communications module 122, a field service interface module 128, a configuration and health module 124 and a RF communications module 126. The remote gateway 120 is functionally similar to the mobile data controller 54. However, the remote gateway 120 is a specific type of mobile data controller that may be used to attach to a remote telemetry unit for monitoring, for example, electrical power distribution.
The transparent communications module 122 is responsible for communicating with a terminal device, typically a Remote Telemetry Unit (RTU) located in the field, and accepts data from the RF communications module 126. As shown in FIG. 26, the transparent communications module 122 may be connected to a RTU 133 via a communication line 130. The transparent communications module 122 does not recognize any protocol, but handles hardware flow control and buffering and packetizing. Data communication between the transparent communications module 122 and the RTU 133 may be carried through asynchronous serial transfer.
The RF communications module 126 is configured to communicate with the remote network controller 20 using whatever protocol is required for data transport over the radio infrastructure 56. The RF communications interface module 126 interfaces with the radio infrastructure 56 in a similar manner as previously described above with regard to the RF communications interface module 106. The RF communications interface module 126 accepts data from the transparent communications module 122 and delivers it to the radio infrastructure 56 for transmission to the remote network controller. The RF communications interface module 126 detects collisions with inbound RF data and restarts outbound transmissions. The RF communications interface module 126 performs error/retry functions and notifies the transparent communications module 122 of successes or failures.
The field service interface module 128 allows a technician to field test the remote gateway 120 and troubleshoot the remote gateway should a system error or problem arise. An external diagnostic port 112 connected to the field service interface module 128 may be provided for this purpose. The field service interface module 128 may interact with the configuration and health module 124 to query, set, and reset local configuration of the remote gateway 120.
The configuration and health module 124 may accept configuration information from the remote network controller 20 via the radio infrastructure 56 and adjust the operating parameters of the remote gateway 120 accordingly. The configuration and health module 124 may also monitor and determine if the RF communications module 126 has successfully transmitted a packet of information to the host data controller 22 by analyzing the data stream. If a packet of information has not been successfully transmitted, the configuration and health module 124 may direct the RF communications module 126 to resend the packet of information to the host data controller 22.
Referring now to FIGS. 27 and 28, there is illustrated a block diagram of an integrated remote network controller 140 according to another aspect of the present invention. The components of the remote network controller 140 that are similar to that discussed above with respect to FIG. 2 are designated with the same reference numeral and also with a prime (" ' ") added thereto.
As shown in FIG. 27, the remote network controller 140 according to another aspect of the present invention may include one or more service interfaces 30', an interprocess communications manager 28', a control process 26', one or more mobile interfaces 24', and a subsystem synchronization processor 150 which is used to link one or more remote network controllers 140 together (see FIG. 28). As further shown in FIG. 27, one or more host data controllers 22' are connected to the mobile interfaces 24' and provided externally to the remote network controller 140. The number of host data controllers 22' and mobile interfaces 24' may be dependent on the number of radio infrastructures 56 present. In addition, the number of service interfaces 30' may be dependent on the number and type of wired communications networks 10 present.
According to an aspect of the present invention, two remote network controllers 140 may linked by a local network 152 (see FIG. 28). This configuration provides a redundant system which insures greater reliability of communication between the remote device 52 and the wired communications network 10. For example, should any particular component fail, such as a host controller 22' or a an interprocess communications manager 28', the remote device 52 can still communicate with the wired communication network 10 because of the redundancy of the components of the remote network controllers 140 provided.
There are two main implementations of this system according to the present invention. With the first implementation, only one of the remote network controllers 140 is operating at any given time. Should the operational remote network controller 140 fail, the other remote network controller 140 may immediately takes its place. For example, if remote network controller "A" fails, then remote network controller "B" may be activated to take its place. Under the second implementation, a distributed processing scheme is utilized and both of the remote network controllers 140 are operated at the same time. According to the distributed processing scheme, the processing load (e.g., event handling and data transfer) may be distributed among the operational remote network controllers 140. Should a particular remote network controller 140 (e.g., controller "B") fail, the remaining operational remote network controller 140 (e.g., controller "A") will handle the entire processing load.
The above-mentioned distribution of the processing load is generally a function of the radio infrastructure 56, and not the processing capacity of the remote network controllers 140. This is because performance increases are mainly based on the number of available communications channels, rather than the raw processing capability of the remote network controllers 140 attached to the wired communications network 10. For example, if the radio infrastructure 56 is a trunking radio network with five channels, it is possible for all five channels to be simultaneously allocated and used by the remote network controllers 140. On the other hand, if there is only one channel available in the radio infrastructure 56, then only one remote network controller 140 can access the radio infrastructure 56 at a time; as a result, no performance gain may be realized by employing multiple remote network controllers 140 when only limited channels are available.
As illustrated in FIG. 28, the local network 152 is used to connect the remote network controllers 140 together. The local network 152 may be, for example, an Ethernet local area network. Each of the remote network controllers 140 includes a subsystem synchronization process module 150 that is connected to the local network 152. Two separate console interfaces 34' may also be attached to the local network 152. Each console interface 34' may be attached to the local network 152 to allow an operator to configure and control a particular remote network controller 140.
The subsystem synchronization process module 150 may be implemented through any combination of hardware and software and is responsible for keeping track of all routing tables and health and status information associated with both of the remote network controllers 140. Each subsystem synchronization process module 150 is connected to an interprocess communications manager 28' of one of the remote network controllers 140 and may access all routing tables and health and status information with respect to the remote network controller from the interprocess communications manager. The health and status information and routing tables may be periodically updated based on the status of and events present at the remote network controller 140. The periodically updated health and status information and routing tables may then be shared with the other subsystem synchronization process module 150 via the local network 152 so that the tables and information associated with both of the remote network controllers 140 is maintained in each of the subsystem synchronization process modules 150. Since the tables and information are periodically updated, a synchronization routine may be provided so that the information and tables are sent to the respective subsystem synchronization process modules 150 at predetermined intervals. If a particular subsystem synchronization process module 150 does not send or receive the tables and information, or if a particular subsystem synchronization process module 150 sends information indicating that one of the remote network controllers 140 has malfunctioned, the other subsystem synchronization process module 150 may reroute any existing connections to the host data controllers 22' and to the wired network 10 of the malfunctioning remote network controller 140 to the remaining operational remote network controller 140.
As further shown in FIG. 28, the host data controllers 22' have two ports, 154 and 156, that are connected to a different remote network controller 140. As in FIG. 2, the remote network controller 140 communicates to the host data controller 22' and sends health and status information through the ports. If the host data controller 22' does not receive information that one of the remote network controllers 140 is operational, the host controller 22' can switch ports, e.g., from port 154 to port 156, in order to communicate with the other remote network controller 140.
While the invention has been described with references to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. Changes may be made, within the purview of the appended claims, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention in its aspects.
For example, although FIG. 28 only shows two remote network controllers 140 that are connected by a local network 152, it is possible to connect two or more remote network controllers by the local network 152 to provide increased redundancy. In addition, a plurality of local networks 152 may be provided to connect the remote network controllers. Other modifications to the present invention may include selectively processing inbound and outbound data in a different logic order and/or by different components. In accordance with such a modification, processing functions may be performed only by the control process, or in the interprocess communication manager. Another application may be combining the mobile interface with a host data controller, and placing the integrated unit within the remote network controller.
Further, although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein; rather, the invention extends to all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses, such as are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for end-to-end data communications where data is transported via incompatible transmission formats between a remote device and a host communication network using a wireless communications link in a manner that is transparent to said remote device, said host communication network, and attendant applications of said host communication network, comprising:
a mobile data controller, said mobile data controller connected to said remote device and interfacing said remote device with said wireless communications link, said mobile data controller comprising remote data conversion means for converting data to be transported between said remote device and said host communication network, said remote data conversion means converting said transported data between a remote device transmission format utilized by said remote device and one of a plurality of digital and analog wireless link transmission formats utilized by said wireless communications link;
network interface means for interfacing said host communication network with said wireless communications link, said network interface means comprising a network protocol-appropriate communication controller logically residing on said host communication network, said network interface means further comprising: (a) wireless link conversion means for converting said transported data between said one of a plurality of wireless link transmission formats and a network interface format utilized by said network interface means; and (b) host network conversion means for converting said transported data between said network interface format and a host network format utilized by said host communication network; and
means for transporting said transported data over said wireless communication in accordance with said plurality of wireless link transmission formats,
said remote device transmission format, said wireless link transmission format, said network interface format and said host network format being dissimilar formats.
2. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 1, wherein said network interface means comprises a remote network controller.
3. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 2, wherein said remote network controller is adapted to be connectable to a plurality of different types of host communication networks having distinct transmission characteristics.
4. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 3, wherein said transmission characteristics comprise SNA/SDLC, TCP/IP Stream Socket, Asynchronous Transfer, Hayes Compatible, Bidirectional Messaging Facility, FTP, Global Position Reporting, and Credit Card Verification.
5. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 1, wherein said mobile data controller is adapted to be connectable to a plurality of different types of remote devices having distinct operational characteristics.
6. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 5, wherein said plurality of different types of remote devices comprise a portable computer, a portable bar code reader, a portable credit card reader, a printer, and a remote telemetry unit.
7. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 1, wherein said wireless communications link comprises one of a plurality of radio infrastructures having distinct transmission characteristics, said wireless link conversion means comprising means for converting a plurality of distinct wireless link transmission formats, utilized by said radio infrastructures, into said network interface format.
8. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 7, wherein said plurality of distinct wireless link transmission formats comprise conventional point-to-point, conventional repeater-based, LTR trunking, Motorola trunking, Ericsson EDACS voice path trunking, EDACS RDI data path trunking, and EDACS IMC voice path.
9. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of said network interface means connected by a local network and a synchronization means for synchronizing the transfer of information between said network interface means, said information comprising routing tables and health and status information.
10. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 1, further comprising means for detecting and correcting errors in transmission of said transported data between said remote device and said host communication network.
11. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 1, wherein said network interface means further comprises a plurality of wireless communication interface means adapted to transfer said transported data to a plurality of wireless communications links.
12. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 1, wherein said network interface means further comprises a plurality of host network communication interface means adapted to transfer said transported data to a plurality of host communication networks.
13. A method of end-to end data communications where data is transported via incompatible transmission formats in a transparent manner between a remote device and a host communication network using a wireless communications link, said remote device and said wireless communications link being connected to a mobile data controller, said host communication network and said wireless communications link being interfaced by a network interface device logically residing of said host communication network as a protocol-appropriate communications controller, said method comprising the steps of:
converting, at said mobile data controller, data to be transported between said remote device and said host communication network, said converting step converting said transported data between a remote device transmission format utilized by said remote device and one of a plurality of digital and analog wireless link transmission formats utilized by said wireless communications link;
transporting said transported data over said wireless communications link in accordance with said one of said wireless link transmission formats;
receiving, at said network interface device, said transport data from said wireless communications link;
converting, at said network interface device, said transported data between said one of said wireless link transmission formats and a network interface format utilized by said network interface device, said one of said wireless link transmission formats and said host network format being incompatible;
further converting, at said network interface device, said transported data between said network interface format and a host network format utilized by said host communication network; and
forwarding said transported data to said host communication network in accordance with said host network format.
14. An apparatus for end-to-end data communications where data is transported via incompatible transmission formats in a transparent manner between a remote device and a host communication network using a wireless communications link, comprising::
a mobile data controller connected to said remote device, said mobile data controller communicating over said wireless communications link to said host communication network, said mobile data controller comprising a remote device communication interface module which converts data to be transported between said remote device and said host communication network, said remote device communication interface module converting said transported data between a remote device transmission format utilized by said remote device and one of a plurality of analog and digital wireless link transmission formats utilized by said wireless communications link;
a network protocol-appropriate communication controller logically residing on said host communication network, said network controller comprising: (a) a wireless link conversion device which converts said transported data between said one of a plurality of wireless link transmission formats and a network interface format utilized by said network interface device; and (b) a host network conversion device which converts said transported data between said network interface format and a host network format utilized by said host communication network,
wherein said transported data is transported over said wireless communication in accordance with said wireless link transmission format, and wherein said remote device transmission format, said wireless link transmission format, said network interface format and said host network format are dissimilar formats.
15. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 14, wherein said network interface device comprises a remote network controller.
16. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 15, wherein said remote network controller is connectable to a plurality of different types of host communication networks having distinct transmission characteristics.
17. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 14, wherein said mobile data controller is connectable to a plurality of different types of remote devices having distinct operational characteristics.
18. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 17, wherein said plurality of different types of remote devices comprise a portable computer, a portable bar code reader, a portable credit card reader, a printer, and a remote telemetry unit.
19. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 16, wherein said plurality of distinct wireless link transmission formats comprise conventional point-to-point, conventional repeater-based, LTR trunking, Motorola trunking, Ericsson EDACS voice path trunking, EDACS RDI data path trunking, and EDACS IMC voice path.
20. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 14, further comprising a plurality of said network interface devices connected by a local network and a synchronization device for synchronizing the transfer of information between said network interface devices, said information comprising routing tables and health and status information.
21. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 14, further comprising device for detecting and correcting errors in transmission of said transported data between said remote device and said host communication network.
22. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 14, wherein said network interface device further comprises a plurality of wireless communication interface devices adapted to transfer said transported data to a plurality of wireless communications links.
23. An apparatus for transporting data according to claim 14, wherein said network interface device further comprises a plurality of host network communication interface devices adapted to transfer said transported data to a plurality of host communication networks.

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Apparatus and method for transparent wireless communication between a remote device and a host system

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US Referenced Citations (12)

Non-Patent Literature Citations (39)