It is known to process molten material into a glass ribbon with a forming apparatus. Conventional forming apparatus are known to operate to down draw a quantity of molten material from the forming apparatus as the glass ribbon.
The following presents a simplified summary of the disclosure to provide a basic understanding of some exemplary embodiments described in the detailed description.
The present disclosure relates generally to apparatus and methods for fabricating a glass ribbon and, more particularly, to containment device for containing molten material and a support member to support a weight of containment device and methods for containing molten material with the containment device while a weight of the containment device and molten material within the containment device are supported by the support member.
In accordance with some embodiments, an apparatus can comprise a conduit comprising a peripheral wall defining a region extending in a flow direction of the conduit. A first portion of the peripheral wall of the conduit can comprise a slot extending through an outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall. The slot can be in communication with the region. The apparatus can further include a support member comprising a support surface defining an area receiving a second portion of the peripheral wall. The support member can comprise a support material comprising a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. The apparatus can still further include a forming wedge positioned downstream from the slot of the conduit. The forming wedge can comprise a first wedge surface and a second wedge surface that conv downstream direction to form a root of the forming wedge.
In one embodiment, the support material comprises a ceramic material.
In another embodiment, the ceramic material can comprise silicon carbide.
In accordance with other embodiments, an apparatus can comprise a conduit comprising a peripheral wall defining a region extending in a flow direction of the conduit. A first portion of the peripheral wall of the conduit can comprise a slot extending through an outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall. The slot can be in communication with the region. The apparatus can further include a silicon carbide support member comprising a support surface defining an area receiving a second portion of the peripheral wall. The apparatus can still further include a forming wedge positioned downstream from the slot of the conduit. The forming wedge can comprise a first wedge surface and a second wedge surface that converge in a downstream direction to form a root of the forming wedge.
In one embodiment, the support surface can surround from about 25% to about 60% of the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall.
In another embodiment, a depth of the area receiving the second portion of the peripheral wall varies along a length of the slot.
In another embodiment, the depth of the area receiving the second portion of the peripheral wall can be greatest at a location of less than about 33% of the length of the slot measured in the flow direction of the conduit.
In another embodiment, the conduit can comprise a first conduit connected in series with a second conduit at a joint. The depth of the area receiving the second portion of the peripheral wall can be greater at a lateral location of the joint than at an intermediate lateral location of the first conduit and an intermediate lateral location of the second conduit.
In another embodiment, the first portion of the peripheral wall can be opposite the second portion of the peripheral wall.
In another embodiment, the width of the slot can increase in the flow direction of the conduit.
In another embodiment, a cross-sectional area of the reg perpendicular to the flow direction of the conduit can decrease in the flow direction of the conduit.
In another embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall can comprise a circular shape along a cross-section taken perpendicular to the flow direction of the conduit.
In another embodiment, a thickness of the peripheral wall of the conduit can be from about 3 mm to about 7 mm.
In another embodiment, the peripheral wall of the conduit can comprise platinum.
In another embodiment, the apparatus can further comprise a first sidewall defining the first wedge surface and a second sidewall defining the second wedge surface.
In another embodiment, the first sidewall can comprise platinum and the second sidewall can comprise platinum.
In another embodiment, the support member can be positioned between the first sidewall and the second sidewall.
In another embodiment, the first sidewall and the second sidewall do not physically contact any portion of the support member.
In another embodiment, an upstream end of an upstream portion of the first sidewall can be attached to the peripheral wall of the conduit at a first interface. Furthermore, an upstream end of an upstream portion of the second sidewall can be attached to the peripheral wall of the conduit at a second interface.
In another embodiment, the first interface and the second interface can each be located downstream from the slot of the conduit.
In another embodiment, the upstream portion of the first sidewall and the upstream portion of the second sidewall can flare away from one another in the downstream direction.
In another embodiment, a method of fabricating a glass ribbon from a quantity of molten material with the apparatus can comprise flowing the molten material within the region in the flow direction of the conduit. The method can further include flowing molten material through the slot from the region of the conduit as a first stream of molten material and a second stream of molten material. The method can further include flowing the first stream of molten material wedge surface along the downstream direction and the second stream of molten material on the second wedge surface along the downstream direction. The method can further include fusion drawing the first stream of molten material and the second stream of molten material from the root of the forming wedge as a glass ribbon.
In accordance with other embodiments, an apparatus can comprise a support member comprising a support trough, a first support weir, and a second support weir. The support trough can be laterally positioned between the first support weir and the second support weir. The support member can comprise a support material comprising a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. The apparatus can further comprise an upper wall at least partially defining a molten material trough positioned within the support trough and supported by the support trough. In some embodiments, the upper wall does not physically contact any portion of the support member. The apparatus can further comprise a first sidewall comprising an upper portion attached to a first side of the upper wall. In some embodiments, the first sidewall does not physically contact any portion of the support member. The apparatus can further comprise a second sidewall comprising an upper portion attached to a second side of the upper wall. In some embodiments, the second sidewall does not physically contact any portion of the support member. The apparatus can further comprise a forming wedge comprising a first wedge surface defined by a lower portion of the first sidewall and a second wedge surface defined by a lower portion of the second sidewall. The first wedge surface and the second wedge surface can converge in a downstream direction to form a root of the forming wedge.
In one embodiment, the support material can comprise a ceramic material.
In another embodiment, the ceramic material can comprise silicon carbide.
In accordance with other embodiments, an apparatus can comprise a silicon carbide support member comprising a support trough, a first support weir, and a second support weir. The support trough can be laterally positioned between the first support weir and the second support weir. The apparatus can further comprise an upper wall at least partially defining a molten material trough positioned within the support trough and supported by the support trough. In some embodiments wall does not physically contact any portion of the silicon carbide support member. The apparatus can further include a first sidewall comprising an upper portion attached to a first side of the upper wall. In some embodiments, the first sidewall does not physically contact any portion of the support member. The apparatus can further include a second sidewall comprising an upper portion attached to a second side of the upper wall. In some embodiments, the second sidewall does not physically contact any portion of the support member. The apparatus can further comprise a forming wedge comprising a first wedge surface defined by a lower portion of the first sidewall and a second wedge surface defined by a lower portion of the second sidewall. The first wedge surface and the second wedge surface can converge in a downstream direction to form a root of the forming wedge.
In one embodiment, an intermediate material prevents the upper wall, the first sidewall and the second sidewall from physically contacting any portion of the support member.
In another embodiment, the intermediate material can comprise alumina.
In another embodiment, the upper wall, first sidewall and second sidewall can each comprise a thickness within a range from about 3 mm to about 7 mm.
In another embodiment, the upper wall, first sidewall and second sidewall can each comprise platinum.
In another embodiment, the support member can be positioned between the first sidewall and the second sidewall.
In another embodiment, a method of fabricating a glass ribbon from a quantity of molten material with the apparatus can comprise flowing the molten material within the molten material trough along a flow direction while the support trough of the support member supports a weight of the molten material. The method can further comprise flowing molten material from the molten material trough into a first stream of molten material flowing over the first support weir and a second stream of molten material flowing over the second support weir. The method can further comprise flowing the first stream of molten material on the first wedge surface along the downstream direction and the second stream of molten material on the second wedge surface along the downstream direction. The method can further fusion drawing the first stream of molten material and the second stream of molten material from the root of the forming wedge as a glass ribbon.
In accordance with other embodiments, an apparatus can comprise a containment device including a surface defining a region extending in a flow direction of the containment device. The apparatus can further comprise a support member positioned to support a weight of the containment device. The support member can comprise a support material comprising a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. The apparatus can further comprise a platinum wall that, in some embodiments, does not physically contact any portion of the support member.
In one embodiment, the support material can comprise a ceramic material.
In another embodiment, the ceramic material can comprise silicon carbide.
In accordance with other embodiments, an apparatus can comprise a containment device including a surface defining a region extending in a flow direction of the containment device. The apparatus can further comprise a silicon carbide support member positioned to support a weight of the containment device. The apparatus can further comprise a platinum wall that, in some embodiments, does not physically contact any portion of the support member.
In one embodiment, the containment device can comprise a platinum conduit comprising a peripheral wall defining the region. A first portion of the peripheral wall can comprise a slot extending through an outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall. The slot can be in communication with the region.
In another embodiment, the support member can comprise a support surface defining an area receiving a second portion of the peripheral wall.
In another embodiment, the support surface can surround from about 25% to about 60% of the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall.
In another embodiment, a depth of the area receiving the second portion of the peripheral wall varies along a length of the slot.
In another embodiment, the depth of the area receiving t portion of the peripheral wall can be greatest at a location of less than about 33% of the length of the slot measured in the flow direction of the containment device.
In another embodiment, the platinum conduit can comprise a first platinum conduit connected in series with a second platinum conduit at a joint. The depth of the area receiving the second portion of the peripheral wall can be greater at a lateral location of the joint than at an intermediate lateral location of the first platinum conduit and an intermediate lateral location of the second platinum conduit.
In another embodiment, the first portion of the peripheral wall can be opposite the second portion of the peripheral wall.
In another embodiment, the width of the slot can increase in the flow direction.
In another embodiment, a cross-sectional area of the region taken perpendicular to the flow direction can decrease in the flow direction.
In another embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall can comprise a circular shape along a cross-section taken perpendicular to the flow direction.
In another embodiment, a thickness of the peripheral wall of the platinum conduit can be from about 3 mm to about 7 mm.
In another embodiment, the apparatus can further comprise a forming wedge positioned downstream from the slot of the conduit. The forming wedge can comprise a first wedge surface and a second wedge surface that converge in a downstream direction to form a root of the forming wedge.
In another embodiment, the platinum wall can comprise a first platinum sidewall defining the first wedge surface and a second platinum sidewall defining the second wedge surface.
In another embodiment, the support member can be positioned between the first platinum sidewall and the second platinum sidewall.
In another embodiment, an upstream end of an upstream portion of the first platinum sidewall can be attached to the peripheral wall of the platinum conduit at a first interface. Still further, an upstream end of an upstream portion of the second platinum sidewall can be attached to the peripheral wall of the platinum conduit at a second interface.
In another embodiment, the first interface and the second int each located downstream from the slot of the platinum conduit.
In another embodiment, the upstream portion of the first platinum sidewall and the upstream portion of the second platinum sidewall can flare away from one another in the downstream direction.
In another embodiment, a method of flowing molten material with the apparatus can comprise flowing the molten material within the region in the flow direction. The method can further comprise flowing molten material through the slot from the region as a first stream of molten material and a second stream of molten material.
In another embodiment, the support member can comprise a support trough, a first support weir, and a second support weir. The support trough can be laterally positioned between the first support weir and the second support weir. The platinum wall can comprise an upper platinum wall at least partially defining a molten material trough positioned within the support trough and supported by the support trough. In some embodiments, the upper platinum wall does not physically contact any portion of the support member.
In another embodiment, the platinum wall can comprise a first platinum sidewall and a second platinum sidewall. The support member can be positioned between the first sidewall and the second sidewall.
In another embodiment, the apparatus can further comprise a forming wedge comprising a first wedge surface defined by a lower portion of the first platinum sidewall and a second wedge surface defined by a lower portion of the second platinum sidewall. The first wedge surface and the second wedge surface can converge in a downstream direction to form a root of the forming wedge.
In another embodiment, the platinum wall can comprise a thickness within a range from about 3 mm to about 7 mm.
In another embodiment, an intermediate material can prevent the platinum wall from physically contacting any portion of the support member.
In another embodiment, the intermediate material can comprise alumina.
In another embodiment, a method flowing molten material with the apparatus can comprise flowing the molten material within the molten material trough in the flow direction while the support trough of the support member weight of the molten material. The method can further comprise flowing molten material from the molten material trough into a first stream of molten material flowing over the first support weir and a second stream of molten material flowing over the second support weir.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description present embodiments of the present disclosure, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and character of the embodiments as they are described and claimed. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments, and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate various embodiments of the disclosure, and together with the description serve to explain the principles and operations thereof.
These and other features, embodiments and advantages of the present disclosure can be further understood when read with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which exemplary embodiments are shown. Whenever possible, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Apparatus and methods of the disclosure can provide glass ribbon that may be subsequently divided into glass sheets. In some embodiments, the glass sheets may be provided with four edges forming a parallelogram such as a rectangle (e.g., square), trapezoidal or other shape. In further embodiments, the glass sheets may be a round, oblong, or elliptical glass sheet with one continuous edge. Other glass sheets having two, three, five, etc. curved and/or straight edges may also be provided and are contemplated as being within the scope of the present description. Glass sheets of various sizes, including varying lengths, heights, and thicknesses, are also contemplated. In some embodiments, an average thickness of the glass sheets can be various average thicknesses between oppositely facing major surfaces of the glass sheet. In some embodiments, the average thickness of the glass sheet can be greater than 50 micrometers (μm), such as from about 50 μm to about 1 millimeter (mm), such as from about 100 μm to about 300 μm although other thicknesses may be provided in further embodiments. Glass sheets can be used in a wide range of display applications such as, but not limited to, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), electrophoretic displays (EPD), organic light emitting diode displays (OLEDs), and plas panels (PDPs).
As schematically illustrated in
In some embodiments, the glass manufacturing apparatus 100 can include a melting vessel 105 oriented to receive batch material 107 from a storage bin 109. The batch material 107 can be introduced by a batch delivery device 111 powered by a motor 113. In some embodiments, an optional controller 115 can be operated to activate the motor 113 to introduce a desired amount of batch material 107 into the melting vessel 105, as indicated by arrow 117. The melting vessel 105 can heat the batch material 107 to provide molten material 121. In some embodiments, a glass melt probe 119 can be employed to measure a level of molten material 121 within a standpipe 123 and communicate the measured information to the controller 115 by way of a communication line 125.
Additionally, in some embodiments, the glass manufacturing apparatus 100 can include a first conditioning station including a fining vessel 127 located downstream from the melting vessel 105 and coupled to the melting vessel 105 by way of a first connecting conduit 129. In some embodiments, molten material 121 can be gravity fed from the melting vessel 105 to the fining vessel 127 by way of the first connecting conduit 129. For example, in some embodiments, gravity can drive the molten material 121 to pass through an interior pathway of the first connecting conduit 129 from the melting vessel 105 to the fining vessel 127. Additionally, in some embodiments, bubbles can be removed from the molten material 121 fining vessel 127 by various techniques.
In some embodiments, the glass manufacturing apparatus 100 can further include a second conditioning station including a mixing chamber 131 that can be located downstream from the fining vessel 127. The mixing chamber 131 can be employed to provide a homogenous composition of molten material 121, thereby reducing or eliminating inhomogeneity that may otherwise exist within the molten material 121 exiting the fining vessel 127. As shown, the fining vessel 127 can be coupled to the mixing chamber 131 by way of a second connecting conduit 135. In some embodiments, molten material 121 can be gravity fed from the fining vessel 127 to the mixing chamber 131 by way of the second connecting conduit 135. For example, in some embodiments, gravity can drive the molten material 121 to pass through an interior pathway of the second connecting conduit 135 from the fining vessel 127 to the mixing chamber 131.
Additionally, in some embodiments, the glass manufacturing apparatus 100 can include a third conditioning station including a delivery vessel 133 that can be located downstream from the mixing chamber 131. In some embodiments, the delivery vessel 133 can condition the molten material 121 to be fed into an inlet conduit 141. For example, the delivery vessel 133 can function as an accumulator and/or flow controller to adjust and provide a consistent flow of molten material 121 to the inlet conduit 141. As shown, the mixing chamber 131 can be coupled to the delivery vessel 133 by way of a third connecting conduit 137. In some embodiments, molten material 121 can be gravity fed from the mixing chamber 131 to the delivery vessel 133 by way of the third connecting conduit 137. For example, in some embodiments, gravity can drive the molten material 121 to pass through an interior pathway of the third connecting conduit 137 from the mixing chamber 131 to the delivery vessel 133. As further illustrated, in some embodiments, a delivery pipe 139 (e.g., downcomer) can be positioned to deliver molten material 121 to the inlet conduit 141 of the forming vessel 140.
Embodiments of the disclosure can provide an apparatus with a containment device including a surface defining a region extending in a flow direction of the containment device. In some embodiments, the containment device can be configured to contain molten material that can flow in the flow direction of the containment device. In some embodiments, the containment device can forming vessels in accordance with various embodiments of the disclosure. For example, containment devices comprising forming vessels can include but are not limited to a forming wedge for fusion drawing the glass ribbon, a slot for slot drawing the glass ribbon, a trough, a pipe with an upper slot, and/or press rolls for press rolling the glass ribbon.
As illustrated in
In some embodiments, the glass forming apparatus can include at least one wall that can comprise an upper wall 204. The upper wall 204 can at least partially define the molten material trough 201 and the molten material weirs 203a, 203b. The at least one wall can further include a first sidewall 208a and a second sidewall 208b. The first sidewall 208a can comprise an upper portion attached to a first side 206a of the upper wall 204. The second sidewall 208b can comprise an upper portion attached to a second side 206b of the upper wall 204.
The forming vessel 140 can include a forming wedge 209 comprising a first wedge surface 207a defined by a lower portion of the first sidewall 208a and a second wedge surface 207b defined by a lower portion of the second sidewall 208b. The first wedge surface 207a and the second wedge surface 207b can extend between opposite ends 210a, 201b (See
In some embodiments, the at least one wall such as the upper wall 204, the first sidewall 208a and/or the second sidewall 208b can comprise platinum (e.g., a platinum alloy), or other refractory designed to contain and/or define travel paths for molten material contacting the walls. In order to reduce material costs of the forming vessel 140, the thickness 206 of the at least one wall, in some embodiments, may be provided within a range of about 3 mm to about 7 mm although other thicknesses may be used in further embodiments. The at least one wall may comprise a platinum wall comprising a platinum or platinum alloy although other materials may be provided that are compatible with the molten material and provide structural integrity at the elevated temperatures of the molten material. In some embodiments, part of the at least one wall may comprise platinum and/or platinum alloy. In further embodiments, the entire at least one wall may comprise or consist essentially of platinum or a platinum alloy.
Embodiments of the forming vessel 140 include a support member 217 to help maintain the shape of the upper wall 204 and/or sidewalls 208a, 208b. In some embodiments, the support member 217 may be positioned between the first sidewall 208a and the second sidewall 208b to support a weight of the containment device and molten material contained by the containment device and help maintain the desired distance between the sidewalls. In further embodiments, referring to
The support member 217 can be designed to support at least the upper wall 204 and can further support portions of the first sidewall 208a, and the second sidewall 208b. For example, the molten material trough 201 defined by the upper wall 204 can be positioned within the support trough 301 and supported by the support trough 301 of the support member 217. As such, the support trough 301 can help maintain the shape of the molten material trough 201 defined by the upper wall 204 against deformation due to creep and/or mechanical stress that may occur without support from the support trough 301.
Furthermore, the molten material weirs 203a, 203b defined by the upper wall 204 can be further supported by the support weirs 303a, 303b of the support member 217. Furthermore, outer surfaces 305a, 305b can support portions of the first sidewall 208a and the second sidewall 208b. For instance, the outer surfaces 305a, 305b of the support weirs 303a, 303b can support upper portions of the first sidewall 208a and the second sidewall 208b to maintain the orientation of the upper surfaces 205a, 205b of the sidewalls 208a, 208b. Although not shown, in addition or as an alternative, the support member 217 can support the lower portions of the sidewalls 208a, 208b defining the wedge surfaces 207a, 207b to help properly maintain the orientation of the wedge surfaces. However, material costs may be saved by eliminating the support member 217 from the interior of the forming wedge 209 since the triangular configuration provided by the lower portions of the sidewall and the base of the support member 217 can provide sufficient structural integrity to maintain the proper orientation of the wedge surfaces 207a, 207b.
In one or more embodiments, the support member 217 such as the portions of the support member 217 defining the support trough 301, first support weir 303a and/or second support weir 303b can comprise a support material with a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. Such a support material can provide sufficient support for a trough and molten material carried within the trough at high temperatures (e.g., 1400° C.) with minimal creep to provide a forming vessel 140 that minimizes use of platinum or other expensive refractory materials ideal for physically contacting the molten material without contaminating the molten material while providing a support member 217 fabricated from a relatively less expensive material that can withstand large stresses under the weight of the wall (e.g., platinum wall) and molten material carried by the surfaces of the wall. At the same time, the support member 217 fabricated from the material discussed above can withstand creep under high stress and temperature to allow maintenance of the position and shape of the molten material weirs, molten material trough and outer surfaces of the sidewalls.
The support material of the support member 217 can comprise a wide range of materials. In some embodiments, the support material of the support member 217 can comprise a ceramic material such as ceramic material a from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. In further embodiments, the support material can comprise silicon carbide with a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C.
In some embodiments, the material of the wall may be incompatible for physical contact with the material of the support member 217. For example, in some embodiments, the wall can comprise platinum (e.g., platinum or platinum alloy) and the support member 217 can comprise silicon carbide that may corrode or otherwise chemically react with the platinum if the wall physically contacts the support member. As such, in some embodiments, to avoid physical contact between incompatible materials, any portion of the wall (e.g., upper wall 204, first sidewall 208a, second sidewall 208b) may be prevented from physically contacting any portion of the support member 217. As shown, for example, in
In further embodiments, as shown, a layer of intermediate material 307 may be provided between the wall and the support member 217 to space the wall from contacting the support member 217. In some embodiments, the layer of intermediate material 307 may be continuously provided between all portions of the wall and adjacent spaced portions of the support member 217. Providing a continuous layer of intermediate material 307 can facilitate even support across all portions of the wall by the surface of the support member 217 spaced from the wall.
As shown, in some embodiments, the molten material trough 201 can be positioned within the support trough 301 and supported by the support trough 301, wherein the upper wall 204 can be spaced from physically contacting any portion of the support member 217. For instance, as shown, the layer of intermediate material 307 may be provided as a continuous layer of intermediate material to space all portions of the upper wall 204 defining the molten material trough 201 from physically contacting any portion of the support member 217 (e.g., the portions of the support member 217 defining the support trough 301). As such, the layer of intermediate material 307 can provide continuous support of the portions o wall 204 defining the molten material trough 201 to increase strength and resistance to deformation and creep of the molten material trough 201.
As further illustrated, the layer of intermediate material 307 may be provided as a continuous layer of intermediate material to space all portions of the upper wall 204 defining the molten material weirs 203a, 203b from physically contacting any portion of the support member 217 (e.g., the portions of the support member 217 defining the support weirs 303a, 303b). As such, the layer of intermediate material 307 can provide continuous support of the portions of the upper wall 204 defining the molten material weirs 203a, 203b to increase strength and resistance to deformation and creep of the molten material weirs 203a, 203b.
As further illustrated, the layer of intermediate material 307 may be provided as a continuous layer of intermediate material to space all portions of the first sidewall 208a and the second sidewall 208b defining the upper surfaces 205a, 205b and/or the wedge surfaces 207a, 207b from physically contacting any portion of the support member 217 (e.g., the surfaces of the support member 217 facing the sidewalls 208a, 208b) As such, the layer of intermediate material 307 can provide continuous support of the portions of the sidewalls 208a, 208b associated with the support member 217 to increase the strength and resistance to deformation and creep of the sidewalls 208a, 208b associated with the support member 217.
Various materials can be used as the intermediate material depending on the materials of the wall and the support member. For instance, the material can comprise alumina or other material that is compatible for contacting platinum and silicon carbide under high temperature and pressure conditions associated with containing and guiding molten material with the forming vessel 140. Thus, in some embodiments, a platinum or platinum alloy wall (e.g., upper wall 204, first sidewall 208a, second sidewall 208b) can be spaced from physically contacting any portion of a support member 217 comprising silicon carbide by way of a layer of intermediate material comprising alumina.
In some embodiments, methods of flowing molten material 121 with the glass manufacturing apparatus 100 can include flowing the molten material 121 within the molten material trough 201 in the flow direction 156 while the support trough 301 of the support member 217 supports a weight of the molten material 121. The molten material 121 can then overflow from the molten material trou simultaneously flowing over corresponding molten material weirs 203a, 203b and downward over the upper surfaces 205a, 205b of the sidewalls 208a, 208b. Specifically, a first stream of molten material may flow over the first support weir 303a while contacting the outer surface of the first molten material weir 203a supported by the first support weir 303a. Furthermore, a second stream of molten material may flow over the second support weir 303b while contacting the outer surface of the second molten material weir 203b supported by the second support weir 303b. The first stream of molten material may continue to flow along the downwardly inclined first wedge surface 207a of the forming wedge 209 and the second stream of molten material may continue to flow along the downwardly inclined wedge surface 207b of the forming wedge 209. The first and second streams of molten material may each therefore flow along the downstream direction 154 while converging together at the root 145 of the forming wedge 209. The converging streams of molten material may then meet at the root 145 and drawn off the root 145 of the forming vessel 140, wherein the streams of molten material converge and fuse into the glass ribbon 103.
The glass ribbon 103 can then be fusion drawn off the root 145 in the draw plane 213 along the draw direction 154. In some embodiments, the glass separator 149 (see
Throughout the embodiments of the disclosure, the width “W” of the glass ribbon 103 can, for example, be greater than or equal to about 20 mm, such as greater than or equal to about 50 mm, such as greater than or equal to about 100 mm, such as greater than or equal to about 500 mm, such as greater tha to about 1000 mm, such as greater than or equal to about 2000 mm, such as greater than or equal to about 3000 mm, such as greater than or equal to about 4000 mm, although other widths less than or greater than the widths mentioned above can be provided in further embodiments. For example, in some embodiments, the width “W” of the glass ribbon 103 can be from about 20 mm to about 4000 mm, such as from about 50 mm to about 4000 mm, such as from about 100 mm to about 4000 mm, such as from about 500 mm to about 4000 mm, such as from about 1000 mm to about 4000 mm, such as from about 2000 mm to about 4000 mm, such as from about 3000 mm to about 4000 mm, such as from about 20 mm to about 3000 mm, such as from about 50 mm to about 3000 mm, such as from about 100 mm to about 3000 mm, such as from about 500 mm to about 3000 mm, such as from about 1000 mm to about 3000 mm, such as from about 2000 mm to about 3000 mm, such as from about 2000 mm to about 2500 mm, and all ranges and subranges therebetween.
As shown in
A first portion 404a, 904a of the peripheral wall 405, 905 can comprise a slot 501. As shown in
Although not shown, the width of the slot 501 can, for example, be same along the length 804 of the slot in any embodiment of the disclosure. Alternatively, in any of the embodiments of the disclosure, the width of the slot can vary along the length 804. For instance, as shown in
As can be appreciated in
The peripheral wall 405, 905 of the conduit 403, 903 may comprise a platinum wall comprising a platinum or platinum alloy although other materials may be provided that are compatible with the molten material and provide structural integrity at elevated temperatures. In further embodiments, the entire peripheral wall 405, 905 may comprise or consist essentially of platinum or a platinum alloy. As such, in some embodiments, the containment device can comprise a platinum conduit 403, 903 comprising the peripheral wall 405, 905 defining the region 801, 902. Furthermore, the platinum conduit 403, 903, if provided, can include the slot 501, as described above, that can extend through the outer peripheral surface 805, 906 of the peripheral wall 405, 905. As mentioned above, the slot 501 can comprise a through slot in communication with the region 801, 902 and the outer peripheral surface 805, 906 of the peripheral wall 405, 905.
In order to reduce material costs of the conduit (e.g., platinum conduit 403, 903), a thickness 601, 908 of the peripheral wall 405, 905 of the conduit can, for example, be from about 3 mm to about 7 mm although other thick be used in further embodiments. Providing the conduit with the thickness 601, 908 within the range of from about 3 mm to about 7 mm can provide a thickness that is large enough to provide a desired level of structural integrity for the conduit while also providing a thickness that can be minimized to reduce the costs of the materials to produce the conduit (e.g., platinum conduit).
The peripheral wall 405, 905 of the conduit 403, 903 can comprise a wide range of sizes, shapes and configurations to reduce manufacturing and/or assembly costs and/or increase the functionality of the conduit 403, 903. For instance, as shown, the outer peripheral surface 805, 906 and/or the inner surface 806, 907 of the peripheral wall 405, 905 may comprise a circular shape along a cross-section taken perpendicular to the flow direction 803 although other curvilinear shapes (e.g., oval) or polygonal shapes may be provided in further embodiments. Providing a curvilinear shape, such as a circular shape of both the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface can provide a peripheral wall with a constant thickness and can provide a wall with relatively high structural strength and help prevent consistent flow of molten material through the region 801 of the conduit 403, 903.
The cross-sectional area of the region taken perpendicular to the flow direction of any of the embodiments of the disclosure can remain the same along the flow direction. For instance, as shown in
The cross-sectional area of the region taken perpendicular to the flow direction of any of the embodiments of the disclosure can alternatively vary along the flow direction. For instance, as shown in
The conduits 403, 903 (e.g., platinum conduits) of any of the embodiments of the disclosure can comprise a continuous conduit although segmented conduits may be provided in further embodiments. For instance, as illustrated in
Embodiments of the forming vessel 401, 701, 901, 1 include a support member 603, 703 positioned to support a weight of the conduit 403, 903 and the molten material within the region 801, 902 or otherwise being supported by the forming vessel. As shown in
In further embodiments, in addition to supporting the weight of the conduit 403, 903 and the molten material associated with the conduit, the support member may be configured to help maintain the shape and/or dimensions of the conduit 403, 903 such as the shape and dimensions of the slot 501. For example, embodiments of the forming vessel 401, 901, 1101, 1201 can include a support member 603 comprising a support surface 605 defining an area 609 receiving a second portion 404b, 904b of the peripheral wall 405, 905. As shown in
As shown in
As mentioned previously, as shown in
Support members 217, 603, 703 of the disclosure can, for example, be provided as a single monolithic support member (e.g., a single monolithic support beam). In some alternative embodiments, as schematically shown in
In some embodiments, the first support beam 218a, 604a, 704a and the second support beam 218b, 604b, 704b may be fabricated from substantially the same or identical material although alternative materials may be provided in further embodiments. In some embodiments, like the support member 217 discussed above, the support members 603, 703 can be fabricated from a support material with a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. In some embodiments, the support member po support a weight of the containment device can be fabricated from ceramic material (e.g., silicon carbide) that, in some embodiments, can comprise a creep rate from 1×10−12 l/s to 1×10−14 l/s under a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa at a temperature of 1400° C. Such a support material can provide sufficient support for the containment device and molten material carried by the containment device at high temperatures (e.g., 1400° C.) with minimal creep to provide a forming vessel 401, 701, 901 that minimizes use of platinum or other expensive refractory materials ideal for physically contacting the molten material without contaminating the molten material while providing a support member 603, 703 fabricated from a relatively less expensive material that can withstand large stresses under the weight of the forming vessel and molten material carried by the forming vessel. At the same time, the support member 603, 703 fabricated from the material discussed above can withstand creep under high stress and temperature to allow maintenance of the position and shape of the containment device and walls (e.g., platinum walls) associated with the containment device.
Any of the forming vessels 401, 701, 901 of the embodiments of the disclosure can comprise a forming wedge. For example, as shown in
In some embodiments, the sidewalls 611a, 611b can comprise a platinum and/or a platinum alloy similar or identical to the composition of the conduits although different compositions may be employed in further embodiments. As such, in some embodiments, the first sidewall 611a and the second sidewall 611b can each comprise a platinum sidewall. In order to reduce material costs, the thickness of the sidewalls 611a, 611b (e.g., platinum sidewalls) can, for example, be within a range from about 3 mm to about 7 mm. A reduced thickness can result in overall reduced material costs. At the same time, the configuration of the sidewalls and/or the placement of the support member can provide the sidewalls wit structural integrity to resist deformation in use despite the relatively low thickness. For instance, as shown in
As shown in
In some embodiments, the upstream portions of the first and second sidewall can be parallel with one another as shown in
In some embodiments, the material of the wall may be incompatible for physical contact with the material of the support member 603, 703. For example, in some embodiments, the wall can comprise platinum (e.g. platinum or platinum alloy) and the support member 603, 703 can comprise silicon carbide that may corrode or otherwise chemically react with the platinum of the wall contacts the support member. As such, in some embodiments, to avoid contact between incompatible materials, any portion of the wall (e.g., first sidewall 611a, second sidewall 611b) and any portion of the conduit 403, 903 may be prevented from physically contacting any portion of the support member 603, 703. As shown, for example, in
In further embodiments, as shown, a layer of intermediate material 623 may be provided between the sidewalls 611a, 611b and the support member 603, 703 to space the sidewalls 611a, 611b and the conduit 403, 903 from contacting the support member 603, 703. In some embodiments, the layer of intermediate material 623 may be continuously provided between all portions of the sidewalls 611a, 611b and adjacent spaced portions of the support member 603, 703. Providing a continuous layer of intermediate material 623 can facilitate even support across all portions of the sidewalls by the surface of the support member 603, 703 spaced from the sidewalls.
As shown, in some embodiments, the second por904b of the peripheral wall 405, 905 of the conduit 403, 903 can be positioned within the area 609 support member 603, 703 and supported by the support member 603, 703, wherein conduit 403, 903 (e.g., all portions of the conduit) can be spaced from physically contacting any portion of the support member 603, 703. For instance, as shown, the layer of intermediate material 623 may be provided as a continuous layer of intermediate material to space all portions of the conduit 403, 903 from physically contacting any portion of the support member 603, 703. As such, the layer of intermediate material 923 can provide continuous support of the portions of the conduit 403, 903 to increase strength and resistance to deformation and creep of the conduit 403, 903.
Various materials can be used as the intermediate material 923 depending on the materials of the wall and the support member. For instance, the material can comprise alumina or other material that is compatible for contacting platinum and silicon carbide under high temperature and pressure conditions associated with containing and guiding molten material with the forming vessels 401, 701, 901, 1101, 1201. Thus, in some embodiments, platinum or platinum alloy sidewalls and platinum conduit can be spaced from physically contacting any portion of a support member 603, 703 comprising silicon carbide by way of a layer of intermediate material comprising alumina.
Methods of fabricating the glass ribbon 103 from the quantity of molten material 121 with any of the forming vessels 401, 701, 901, 1101, 1201 discussed above can include flowing the molten material 121 within the region 801 in the flow direction 803 of the conduit 403, 903. Referring to
It will be appreciated that the various disclosed em may involve particular features, elements or steps that are described in connection with that particular embodiment. It will also be appreciated that a particular feature, element or step, although described in relation to one particular embodiment, may be interchanged or combined with alternate embodiments in various non-illustrated combinations or permutations.
It is also to be understood that, as used herein the terms “the,” “a,” or “an,” mean “at least one,” and should not be limited to “only one” unless explicitly indicated to the contrary. Likewise, a “plurality” is intended to denote “more than one.”
Ranges can be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, embodiments include from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.
The terms “substantial,” “substantially,” and variations thereof as used herein are intended to note that a described feature is equal or approximately equal to a value or description.
Unless otherwise expressly stated, it is in no way intended that any method set forth herein be construed as requiring that its steps be performed in a specific order. Accordingly, where a method claim does not actually recite an order to be followed by its steps or it is not otherwise specifically stated in the claims or descriptions that the steps are to be limited to a specific order, it is no way intended that any particular order be inferred.
While various features, elements or steps of particular embodiments may be disclosed using the transitional phrase “comprising,” it is to be understood that alternative embodiments, including those that may be described using the transitional phrases “consisting” or “consisting essentially of,” are implied. Thus, for example, implied alternative embodiments to an apparatus that comprise include embodiments where an apparatus consists of A+B+C and embodiments where an apparatus consists essentially of A+B+C.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Thus, it is intended that the present disclosure cover the modifications and variations of the embodiments herein provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/717,170 filed on Aug. 10, 2018, the content of which is relied upon and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/US2019/045268 | 8/6/2019 | WO | 00 |
Number | Date | Country | |
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62717170 | Aug 2018 | US |