Patent Application
20080251563
The present invention relates to an apparatus for fabrication of frames in which plates or plate members are nailed to studs, braces or brace members separating opposite sides or plate members. In particular, the invention relates to an apparatus for fabrication of wall frames in which such members are nailed together. Further, in preferred embodiments, it relates to an apparatus for fabrication of timber wall frames.
Buildings are often constructed with prefabricated sections such as walls. The use of prefabricated walls allows for economies of scale from a production line to be brought to the construction of buildings.
Wall sections typically have top and bottom timber plates which are joined together by studs or braces. These braces are typically fixed to the plates with nails that pass through the plates into the braces in the axis of the braces. Typically, two or three nails will be used for each brace. The braces are typically rectangular in cross-section and the two nails are separated by approximately one third of the length of the rectangular cross-section of the brace.
The frames are also typically fabricated while lying flat on a fabrication bed. Therefore, the two positions of nails which fix the brace to the plate will correspond to two different elevations above the fabrication bed.
Nail guns are typically used in the fabrication of wall sections as nail guns provide a very rapid nailing operation.
One way to supply a large number of nails to a nail gun, as is suitable for a production line situation, might be via a hose through which the loose nails pass.
The hose would be supplied by a feeder which is in turn supplied by a bulk supply of loose nails which are vibrated or shaken in a ‘tumbler’. The tumbler serves the purpose of rumbling or tumbling the nails into an alignment in which they fall down a feed chute for the hose. In this arrangement, the hose may require careful arrangement so that the flow of nails is not restricted, which can in turn place constraints on a design of the framing fabrication apparatus. The use of a nail feed hose may also place constraints on movement of the nail gun if the hose is to be unrestricted. Also, the ‘tumbler’ is likely to be large and bulky and this may also place constraints on the design of the apparatus.
Other types of nail guns might be supplied by a magazine of nails. A magazine may typically hold forty nails. This arrangement allows more flexibility in the design of framing fabrication apparatus and also allows ready adjustment of the position of the nail gun. However, a problem with magazine supplied nail guns is that the magazine may hold a relatively small amount of nails for production line applications. Frequent re-filling or replacement of the magazines may be required.
Walls are typically constructed by adding braces and other sections to the frame at one end. The frame is progressively moved away from that end as sections are added to the frame. Typically, roller supports are provided to support the frame at the outer edges by the plates. Rollers allow the frame to be moved easily.
Wall frames might be made of timber with various thicknesses. The variation in thicknesses may affect the spacing of nails in the braces if the apparatus is to cater for a range of timber thicknesses. For example, a framing apparatus adjusted to cater for a relatively thin timber will place the nails relatively close together in a relatively thick timber.
Some wall framing apparatus are known which use a hose feed nail gun apparatus with an adjustable height for the placement of nails in the braces relative to a fabrication bed. These apparatus have a ram which drives a nail which is dropped in front of the ram into the timber. The nail hose is fed by a ‘tumbler’ which agitates a box supply of loose nails into a feeder for the nail supply hose. The nail ram is pivotally mounted with the pivot at some distance from the frame being fabricated so the position of the nails in the brace can be adjusted by pivoting the nail gun.
Apparatus for constructing wall frames are known.
GB1202278 relates to an apparatus for constructing wall frames incorporating a pair of pneumatically operated nail guns mounted on pivots at the side of the wall framing apparatus. The nail guns move approximately vertically but in an arc beside the frame. A vertical ram actuates the pivots to change the angle of the gun and the height at which the gun contacts a plate of the wall frame. The adjustment of the height of the nail gun at the plate allows a single gun to fire pairs of nails through the plate into a common brace.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,848,791 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,031,604 also relate to an apparatus for constructing wall frames in which plates are nailed with pairs of nails to braces. These documents also disclose a nail gun mounted on a pivot and actuated by a ram. In this case the pivot is parallel to the brace so the angle at which the nails are applied to the brace will be slightly off-parallel to the brace.
A problem with these apparatus is that while pivoting of a nail gun allows adjustment of the position of entry of nails into a brace, it suffers a problem that the nails will not be aligned with the brace. Instead, the nails will radiate from the pivot.
Another problem with these apparatus is that the pivot needs to be some distance from the frame being fabricated if the nail is not to be at too obtuse an angle of the axis of the brace. This pivot arrangement requires a considerable amount of space which places design constraints on the fabrication apparatus and may require a considerable amount of factory floor space.
A further disadvantage with these apparatus relates to the lack of a robust sensor system whereby the sensor is mounted on the nail guns so that the sensor and nail gun move as a combination to prevent misfiring of the said nail guns in situations where an object is not in close proximity to the nail guns and fouling of the sensor by debris. Such misfiring events can present a safety hazard to the operator of the apparatus.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for fabricated frames which overcomes or mitigates some of the aforementioned problems with existing apparatus for fabrication of frames, or at least to provide the public with a useful choice in apparatus for fabrication of frames.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for fabrication of frames which allows vertical translation of the position of the nail gun relative to a fabrication and uses a nail belt to supply the nail gun.
As used herein the term “brace” should be understood to refer to any framing perpendicular to the plate(s) of the frame.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for fabrication of frames which incorporates a sensor mounted on the nail guns to prevent misfiring and subsequent fouling of the nail guns and to improve the safety of operation of the apparatus.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for fabrication of frames in which the nailing of braces to frames is provided and which utilises a minimal number of nail guns and also allows relatively large scale supply of nails without the need for frequent replacement of nail supplies.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for fabrication of frames that allows a relatively large supply of nails to be supplied to nail guns in a relatively compact form.
As used herein the term ‘nail belt’ refers to a plurality of nails attached together for feeding and handling purposes but suitable for supplying the nails to a nail gun.
As used herein the term ‘coil’ used in conjunction with ‘nail belt’ includes a roll, spool, reel or such like of the nail belt. It is envisaged that the term also includes the nail belt being flaked. Here flaked refers to a zigzag stacking of successive layers of the belt.
As used herein a ‘single nailing operation’ includes the addition of nails in combination to a frame even if the nails are added sequentially. For example, pairs of nails may be used to provide additional strength.
As used herein, the terms ‘horizontal’ and ‘vertical’ mean substantially horizontal and substantially vertical so that minor variations or deviations from horizontal or vertical are included. Also, the terms refer to alternative alignments or orientations to ‘horizontal’ or ‘vertical’ where alternative provisions for gravity are apparent to those skilled in the art.
As used herein, the term ‘planar’ and ‘selected plane’ refers to a plane in which a frame or a side of a frame might be considered to lie. A frame formed from members is considered to be able to lie in a given plane even though the members have finite width and spaces are formed between members in that frame.
As used herein, the term ‘processor’ refers to a computer, microprocessor, microcontroller, programmable logic device or any other processor known to those skilled in the art. The term ‘processor executable instructions’ stored on a processor readable medium is intended to include any instructions or configurable information that is readable by the ‘processor’. This may include a medium as simple as gates or switches of a programmable logic device circuit.
It is acknowledged that the term ‘comprise’ may, under varying jurisdictions, be attributed with either an exclusive or an inclusive meaning. For the purpose of this specification, and unless otherwise noted, the term ‘comprise’ shall have an inclusive meaning—i.e. that it will be taken to mean an inclusion of not only the listed components it directly references, but also other non-specified components or elements. This rationale will also be used when the term ‘comprised’ or ‘comprising’ is used in relation to one or more steps in a method or process.
Further aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the ensuing description which is given by way of example only.
All references, including any patents or patent applications cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference. No admission is made that any reference constitutes prior art. The discussion of the references states what their authors assert, and the applicants reserve the right to challenge the accuracy and pertinence of the cited documents. It will be clearly understood that, although a number of prior art publications are referred to herein; this reference does not constitute an admission that any of these documents form part of the common general knowledge in the art, in New Zealand or in any other country.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for frame fabrication which includes:
This arrangement of sensor and corresponding interlock ensures that an object is in close proximity to the nail gun before a nail can be fired. This avoids the possibility of a nail being fired if there is not an object to receive the nail. This in turn prevents nails being projectile hazards. In addition, by mounting the sensor on the at least one nail gun there is a reduced risk of fouling of the sensor with debris.
Preferably, the sensor and corresponding interlock is adapted to detect the absence of a return sensor signal.
Preferably, the sensor signal may be provided and detected in the proximity of a part of the nail gun from which nails emerge.
Preferably, the sensor may be selected from the group: photo electric sensor, capacitor sensor, or similar.
It would be apparent to one skilled in the art that the corresponding interlock may be positioned in close proximity to the sensor and utilise reflection of the sensor signal from a non-proximal reflector or in a corresponding non-proximal position to the sensor to receive the sensor signal.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for frame fabrication which includes:
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the mounting of the sensor on the nail gun means that the sensor will move with the nail gun when the gun translates in a vertical direction.
Preferably, the at least one mounting for a nail gun may be adapted to translate the nail gun perpendicular to said selected plane of the frame by at least one actuator.
Preferably, the at least one actuator may be at least one hydraulic double ram.
The use of a double ram allows for a greater number of preset vertical positions to be achieved. This allows the nail gun to place nails at a number of different elevations to be used to drive in pairs of nails into the same position down the length of the frame but at slightly different elevations. This allows for the apparatus to apply various building standards to the wall frame.
Preferably, said selected plane of the frame may be horizontal.
Preferably, the apparatus for frame fabrication includes at least one support for framing members.
Preferably, at least one portion of the support may be adapted to provide a predetermined degree of friction between said support and said framing member.
Preferably, said portion of said support comprises embossed paint.
Preferably, the apparatus for frame fabrication includes a nail supply means to supply nails to the at least one nail gun, the nail supply being adapted to supply a belt of nails to the at least one nail gun.
Preferably, the nail supply means includes a coiled nail belt.
Preferably, the coiled nail belt comprises more than approximately 1000 nails.
Preferably, the coiled nail belt comprises approximately 2500 or more nails.
Preferably, the nail supply means may be adapted to rotate about a central axis which is horizontal to allow said coiled nail belt to unravel.
Preferably, the apparatus includes a nail belt feeder to feed the nail belt to the at least one nail gun, the feeder adapted to force nails in the belt towards the at least one nail gun.
Preferably, the nail belt feeder may be adapted to absorb any tension in the nail belt in a direction away from the nail gun.
Preferably, the nail belt feeder includes at least one engagement means and at least one actuator for said engagement means, said engagement means and actuator being adapted so that the engagement means may be reciprocated over the nail belt by the actuator such that the engagement means engages nails in the belt in a direction towards the nail gun.
Preferably, the at least one engagement means comprises at least one claw.
Preferably the apparatus includes a mounting for the coiled nail belt.
Preferably, the mounting for the coiled nail belt includes a barrel on which the coiled nail belt may be mounted.
Preferably, the barrel may be arranged to rotate around an axis which lies substantially in a horizontal plane.
Preferably, said mounting for the coiled nail belt includes a means for providing resistance to the rotation of said coiled nail belt at least in the unravelling rotational direction of the coil.
This resistance allows a coil to be mounted with its central axis in a horizontal plane. This, in turn, allows the vertical position of the nail gun to be adjusted while still being fed by a coiled nail belt. If resistance was not provided for the coiled nail belt, the coil would unravel due to the weight of the nails.
Preferably, the apparatus for frame fabrication includes at least one primary clamping surface adapted to clamp the frame in a selected plane of orientation of the frame.
Preferably, said selected plane may be horizontal and the at least one primary clamping surface may be adapted to act horizontally.
The primary clamping surface clamps a brace in place between two plates.
Preferably, the apparatus for frame fabrication includes at least one secondary clamping surface adapted to clamp members of the frame into alignment into a selected plane of orientation of the frame.
Preferably, said plane may be horizontal and the secondary clamping surface may be adapted to clamp members of the frame into vertical alignment.
Preferably, the secondary clamping surface may be adapted to clamp a brace and plate into vertical alignment so they both lie flush in the horizontal plane of the frame.
Preferably, the apparatus for frame fabrication includes a controller adapted to control at least one of:
Preferably, the apparatus for frame fabrication includes a control input device for the controller.
Throughout the present specification the term ‘control input device’ should be understood to mean a mechanism to activate the machine by an operator. It is envisaged the control input device may come in a variety of different forms such as an infrared beam, bar, or the like.
Preferably, said control input device includes a bar provided with an eccentric pivot and detectors adapted to detect when said bar has been pivoted to an activation position.
Throughout the present specification the term ‘bar’ should be understood to mean a rigid, substantially straight length of material that extends across most of the width of the wall framing apparatus. The bar is used to trigger the controller to arrange a sequence of clamping or unclamping, nail gun translation and firing operations if programmed as determined by the operator. These operations nail the plate to the brace.
For ease of reference the bar may simply be referred to as a control bar, kick bar, activation bar and/or clamping bar.
Preferably, the control bar is actuated by an operator's knee (hands free) at the position where an operator might stand to place the brace. Hands free operation of the control bar also allows the operator to place and nail noggins.
However, this should not be seen as a limitation on the present invention as conceivably a hand or any other part of the body may be used by the operator, to activate the control bar.
Preferably, the control bar is returned to the deactivation (down) position by gravity and triggers an industrial micro switch when lifted to activate the apparatus as aforesaid. In this way it acts as a double safety mechanism with the sensor as the machine is not live and will not fire unless the control bar has been engaged.
Preferably, said at least one pivot is provided with a stopper which limits the pivotal motion under gravity.
Preferably, the controller may be adapted to store at least one preset translation position of the nail gun.
Preferably, the preset translation position includes pairs of translation positions that correspond to pairs of nails to be added to a frame substantially in a single nailing operation.
Preferably, the controller may be adapted to initiate a series of events in a nailing operation upon activation of said control input device.
Preferably, the controller may be adapted to initiate the following series of events in a nailing operation:
Preferably, said series of events may then be followed by:
Preferably, said series of events may be preceded with clamping of the frame by said primary and/or secondary clamping surfaces.
Preferably, the frame may be substantially planar having a primary plane and the selected plane may be substantially the primary plane of the frame.
Preferably, the controller is provided with a set of processor executable instructions stored on a processor readable medium adapted to carry out the following steps:
Preferably, the processor executable instructions are further adapted to carry out the steps of:
Preferably, the processor executable instructions are further adapted to carry out the following steps of:
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for frame fabrication using the frame fabrication apparatus of the present invention including the steps of:
Preferably, the method of frame fabrication is further adapted to carry out the following steps:
Preferably, the control input device of the aforementioned method is a control bar.
Preferably, the method of frame fabrication wherein the steps 8 and 9 of the aforementioned method comprise:
The apparatus has the advantage of:
The present invention addresses the problems identified in the prior art above of misfiring of the nail guns, restricted flow of nails to the nail guns, constraints on movement of the nail guns, nail magazines which hold a relatively small amount of nails for production line applications, nails not aligned with the brace members, position of entry of nails into a brace which are not aligned, nail guns in a relatively bulky form, misfiring and subsequent fouling of the nail guns which can lead to safety risks for the operator of the apparatus.
Further aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description which is given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Referring to
The apparatus 1 has a pair of frame supports 34 at either side of the apparatus 1.
The apparatus also has a pair of clamping and nailing stations 5a and 5b part way down the length of the apparatus 1. The primary purpose of the clamping and nailing stations is to nail braces (not shown) to plates (not shown) in a frame.
Referring to
The nails that fix the plate 3 to the brace 4 are provided by a nail gun 15. The nail gun 15 is bolted to a nail gun mounting 16. The nail gun mounting 16 is provided with a tandem pair of actuators 17 and 18 which allow the mounting 16 or translate the nail gun 15 vertically. The mounting 16 has a pair of vertical rails (not shown) along which part of the nail gun mounting slides (also not shown). The use of a tandem pair of actuators allows for a greater number of preset vertical positions to be achieved. The vertical adjustment feature of the nail gun mounting 16 allows the elevation of the nail gun mounting to be adjusted.
This allows the nail gun 15 to place nails at a number of different elevations to be used to drive in pairs of nails into the same position down the length of the frame but at slightly different elevations. Pairs of nails might simply be used to add strength to the frame.
The frame fabrication apparatus 1 also has a controller (not shown) for the nail gun mounting actuators 17 and 18, horizontal press actuator 11, and vertical press actuator 13.
The frame fabrication apparatus 1 also has an activation bar 19 which is provided to activate a pressing and nailing sequence for the clamping and nailing station 5. The activation bar 19 is shown in
Typically, the person operating the apparatus 1 would lift the upper bar 19A and then let it fall back to its original position under gravity. The upper bar 19A or part of its hinge typically includes micro switches which act as a control input for the controller (not shown). The activation bar 19 is shown in more detail in
The operation of the clamping and nailing station 5 is illustrated by the following example given in reference to
This would initiate the controller (not shown) to move the clamping surface 10 inwards against an opposite pressing surface (not shown). This action compacts the plate 3 against the brace 4.
The controller then activates the pressing surface 12 actuated by the actuator 13 to press downward on the adjacent edges of the plate 3 and brace 4. This action ensures that the plate 3 and brace 4 are properly aligned vertically so that they both lie flush in the desired plane of the frame. The controller then activates the nail gun mounting 16 to move the nail gun 15 to a first elevation (which might be one third the height of the plate 3 from the bottom of plate 3). The controller then activates the nail gun to fire a nail which penetrates the plate 3 and the brace 4 to fasten same.
The controller then activates the nail gun mounting 16 to move the nail gun to a position corresponding to a second position (which might be two thirds the height of the plate 3 from the bottom of plate 3) and activates the nail gun 15 to place a nail in that position. At this point, there are two nails approximately one third and two third the height of the plate 3 extending through the plate 3 into the brace 4. The controller then activates the pressing surface 10 driven by the actuator 11 to move outward and the clamping surface 12 driven by the actuator 13 to move upwards so that the frame is released and the operator is able to move the frame further down the frame fabrication apparatus to place the next brace 3, for example.
Referring to
The braking system 28 has an adjustment bolt 29 which is fitted inside a coil spring (not shown). Adjusting the adjustment bolt 29 will cause the face of the barrel 23 closest to the mounting member 26 to press, with varying pressure on a brake pad 30. Therefore, the adjustment bolt 29, spring (not shown), barrel 23 and brake pad 30 form an adjustable friction clutch. This clutch allows the nail belt coil (not shown) to be mounted with a horizontal rotational axis 25 rather than having to have a vertical axis rotation to avoid the nail belt coil (not shown) unravelling under its own weight. This in turn allows a nail belt coil to be used to supply a nail gun 15 which moves vertically while firing nails horizontally. This has the advantage of a single nail gun being used to place pairs of nails into each brace.
The frame fabrication apparatus 1 has a support rail 34 at one side of the clamping and nailing station 5 into which the plates are feed. The purpose of the rail is to support the plates 3 as they are fed into the clamping and nailing station 5. The support 34 has a surface 35 which is provided with embossed paint. This creates a suitable level of friction between the plate 3 and the surface 35 for the plates to be slid by an operator towards the clamping and nailing station 5 yet avoid overrun of the plates past a desired position in respect to the clamping and nailing station 5. Suitable embossed paint will be apparent to those skilled in the art and/or from routine experimentation. Support rail 34 extends below the clamping and nailing station 5 to the side from which the nailed brace emerges. Typically, this side of the support is provided with rollers 36 to facilitate movement.
Also apparent to the skilled addressee how the return signal is evaluated. In one example, the transmitter 42 and receiver 43 might be calibrated and thereby locally determine whether the return signal is satisfactory. Alternatively, the controller (not shown) may receive raw data from the receiver 43 and compare it with stored criteria.
Aspects of the present invention have been described by way of example only and it should be appreciated that modifications and additions may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 542508 | Sep 2005 | NZ | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2006/002603 | 9/19/2006 | WO | 00 | 3/17/2008 |
