Patent Grant
11039644
The present disclosure relates to apparatus arranged to heat smokable material.
Smoking articles such as cigarettes, cigars and the like burn tobacco during use to create tobacco smoke. Attempts have been made to provide alternatives to these articles that burn tobacco by creating products that release compounds without burning. Examples of such products are heating devices which release compounds by heating, but not burning, the material. The material may be for example tobacco or other non-tobacco products, which may or may not contain nicotine.
According to a first aspect of embodiments, there is provided an apparatus arranged to heat smokable material to volatilize at least one component of said smokable material, the apparatus comprising: a housing; and a plurality of heater segments longitudinally arranged within the housing for heating smokable material contained within the apparatus; wherein at least one heater segment is arranged so as to heat smokable material contained within said at least one heater segment more quickly than at least one other heater segment heats smokable material contained within said at least one other heater segment.
By arranging the at least one heater segment in this way, the smokable material in that heater segment will volatilize more quickly in use, which enables the user to inhale more quickly once the apparatus is first put to use.
In an exemplary embodiment, said at least one heater segment defines a smaller volume than said at least one other heater segment. In an exemplary embodiment, said at least one heater segment is shorter than said at least one other heater segment in the longitudinal direction of the housing.
In an exemplary embodiment, said at least one heater segment has a lower heat capacity than said at least one other heater segment.
In an exemplary embodiment, the heater segments are generally hollow cylinders for containing smokable material to be heated therein.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises power circuitry constructed and arranged so that the heater segments can be selectively powered independently of each other.
According to a second aspect of embodiments, there is provided an apparatus arranged to heat smokable material to volatilize at least one component of said smokable material, the apparatus comprising: a housing; a plurality of heater segments longitudinally arranged within the housing for heating smokable material contained within the apparatus; and at least one mechanical isolator; said at least one mechanical isolator being arranged between two adjacent heater segments and being constructed and arranged to support said adjacent heater segments and maintain a longitudinal separation between said adjacent heater segments.
The mechanical isolators of an exemplary embodiment are rigid so as to provide mechanical, structural support for the heater segments. In exemplary embodiments, the mechanical isolators act to maintain a separation or air gap between the heater segments and other components, which helps to reduce or minimize heat loss from the heater segments.
In an exemplary embodiment, the heater segments are generally hollow cylinders for containing smokable material to be heated therein, and wherein the at least one mechanical isolator is correspondingly annular.
In an exemplary embodiment, an end wall of the mechanical isolator has plural contact projections which make contact with the heater segment that is adjacent said end wall. In an exemplary embodiment, the contact projections can be arranged so that the contact area between the heater segment and the mechanical isolator is small, and also effectively to create an air gap between the contact projections, which help to minimize heat loss from the heater segment.
In an exemplary embodiment, the mechanical isolator has at least one wire guide projection for guidably supporting an electrical wire which passes over at least one of the heater segments. In an example, the wire guide projection holds the wire away from the main outer surface of the mechanical isolator and away from the outer surface of the heater segment. In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one wire guide projection has two ears between which an electrical wire can be located.
In an exemplary embodiment, the at least one wire guide projection is arranged to contact an adjacent heater segment to support said adjacent heater segment. The contact of the at least one wire guide projection may be with an outer surface of said adjacent heater segment in an example.
In an exemplary embodiment, the mechanical isolator has an outwardly facing circumferential rib for supporting an electrical wire which passes over the mechanical isolator.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises a sleeve contained within the housing, the heater segments being supported within the sleeve by the at least one mechanical isolator. In an exemplary embodiment, the sleeve is a double-walled sleeve which provides a low pressure region between the two walls of the sleeve. Such an example further serves to insulate and minimize heat loss from the heater segments.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises a plurality of annular supports which support the sleeve within the housing, with the sleeve being mounted within the annular supports and the annular supports being mounted within the housing.
According to a third aspect of embodiments, there is provided an apparatus arranged to heat smokable material to volatilize at least one component of said smokable material, the apparatus comprising: an outer housing; a sleeve contained within the outer housing; at least one heater segment within the sleeve for heating smokable material contained within the apparatus; and a plurality of annular supports which support the sleeve within the outer housing, with the sleeve being mounted within the annular supports and the annular supports being mounted within the outer housing.
In an example, the annular supports can be arranged to hold the sleeve away from the outer housing, minimizing conduction of heat from the sleeve to the outer housing.
In an exemplary embodiment, the annular supports provide the only support for the sleeve within the housing.
In an exemplary embodiment, each of the annular supports has plural inwardly facing contact projections which make contact with the sleeve. This helps to minimize heat conduction from the sleeve to the annular supports.
In an exemplary embodiment, an outwardly facing surface of the sleeve has at least one of an annular groove and at least one recess which receives a portion of one of the annular supports to locate the annular support on the sleeve.
In an exemplary embodiment, the annular supports are located away from the ends of the sleeve.
In an exemplary embodiment, the annular supports are positioned substantially equidistantly along the total length of the sleeve.
In an exemplary embodiment, the annular supports are respectively positioned substantially ⅓ of the total length of the heater support sleeve away from the ends of the heater support sleeve, and comprising at least one further annular support located between the outermost annular supports.
In an exemplary embodiment, the sleeve is a double-walled sleeve which provides a low pressure region between the two walls of the sleeve.
In an exemplary embodiment, the housing is a relatively poor heat conductor, the internal face of the housing being provided with at least a partial coating of a relatively good heat conductor to conduct heat away from positions where the annular supports contact the internal face of the housing.
In an exemplary embodiment, the outer housing has at least one air inlet and the heater segment has at least one air inlet, and comprising an air inlet pipe providing fluid communication from the outer housing air inlet to the heater segment air inlet, the arrangement being such that air can be drawn in through the outer housing air inlet, through the air inlet pipe, through the heater segment air inlet and over smokable material contained within the apparatus. In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is constructed and arranged such that the air inlet or air inlets of the outer housing are the only entry point(s) for air to be drawn into the apparatus in use.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises control circuitry contained within the outer housing for controlling the supply of electrical power to the at least one heater segment, the arrangement being such that air drawn in through the outer housing air inlet does not pass over the control circuitry.
In an exemplary embodiment, the outer housing has first and second air inlets on opposed sides of the outer housing, the air inlet pipe having a generally T-shape or Y-shape cross-section providing first and second arms which connect to the first and second outer housing air inlets respectively and a stem which is in fluid communication with the heater segment air inlet.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments, there is provided an apparatus arranged to heat smokable material to volatilize at least one component of said smokable material, the apparatus comprising: an outer housing, the outer housing having at least one air inlet; at least one heater segment contained within the outer housing for heating smokable material contained within the apparatus, the heater segment having at least one air inlet; and an air inlet pipe providing fluid communication from the outer housing air inlet to the heater segment air inlet; the arrangement being such that air can be drawn in through the outer housing air inlet, through the air inlet pipe, through the heater segment air inlet and over smokable material contained within the apparatus.
The use of an air inlet pipe in an exemplary embodiment enables better control of the air flow through the apparatus.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus is constructed and arranged such that the air inlet or air inlets of the outer housing are the only entry point(s) for air to be drawn into the apparatus in use.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises control circuitry contained within the outer housing for controlling the supply of electrical power to the at least one heater segment, the arrangement being such that air drawn in through the outer housing air inlet does not pass over the control circuitry.
In an exemplary embodiment, the outer housing has first and second air inlets on opposed sides of the outer housing, the air inlet pipe having a generally T-shape or Y-shape cross-section providing first and second arms which connect to the first and second outer housing air inlets respectively and a stem which is in fluid communication with the heater segment air inlet.
Embodiments will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
As used herein, the term “smokable material” includes materials that provide volatilized components upon heating, typically in the form of an aerosol. “Smokable material” includes any tobacco-containing material and may, for example, include one or more of tobacco, tobacco derivatives, expanded tobacco, reconstituted tobacco or tobacco substitutes. “Smokable material” also may include other, non-tobacco, products, which, depending on the product, may or may not contain nicotine.
Referring to
Referring particularly to the cross-sectional view of
The power source 8 may be a battery, which may be a rechargeable battery or a non-rechargeable battery. Examples of suitable batteries include for example a lithium-ion battery, a nickel battery (such as a nickel-cadmium battery), an alkaline battery and/or the like. A particularly preferred type of battery is a LiFePO4 battery. The battery 8 is electrically coupled to the one or more heating elements (to be discussed further below) of the heating chamber 4 to supply electrical power when required and under control of the electrical control circuitry 7 to heat the smokable material (as discussed, to volatilize the smokable material without causing the smokable material to burn). In this example, the battery 8 is contained within a printed circuit board of the electrical control circuitry 7. In other examples, the battery 8 and the electrical control circuitry 7 may be arranged differently, such as for example arranged adjacent each other along the longitudinal axis X-X of the apparatus 1.
The heating chamber 4 is contained within a heater support sleeve 10, which is contained within the outer housing 2. In this example, the heater support sleeve 10 is a generally elongate cylinder of circular cross-section. Further, and referring particularly to
In one example of the apparatus 1, the heater support sleeve 10 contains at least one heating element. In the example shown in the drawings, the heater support sleeve 10 contains plural heating elements or heater segments 20. There are advantageously at least two heater segments 20, though arrangements with other numbers of heater segments 20 are possible. In the particular example shown, there are four heater segments 20. In this example, the heater segments 20 align along or parallel to the longitudinal axis X-X of the heater support sleeve 10. The electrical control circuitry 7 and the power connections to the heater segments 20 are advantageously arranged such that at least two, and more advantageously all, of the heater segments 20 can be powered independently of each other, so that selected zones of the smokable material 5 can be independently heated, for example in turn (over time) or together (simultaneously) as desired. In this particular example, the heater segments 20 are generally annular or cylindrical, having a hollow interior which in use contains the smokable material 5.
In an example, the heater segments 20 may be made of a ceramics material. Examples include alumina and aluminum nitride and silicon nitride ceramics, which may be laminated and sintered. Other heating arrangements are possible, including for example infrared heater segments 20, which heat by emitting infrared radiation, or resistive heating elements formed by for example a resistive electrical winding around the heater segments 20.
In an example, one 20′ of the heater segments 20 may be such as to contain or define a volume that has a lower heat capacity or thermal mass, and/or itself may have a lower heat capacity or thermal mass, than the other heater segment or segments 20. This means that, at least for the same or similar supplied power, the interior of the heater segment 20′ that has a lower heat capacity and/or defines a volume of lower heat capacity will heat more quickly than the interior of the other heater segments 20. This means that the smokable material 5 in that heater segment 20′ will volatilize more quickly, which enables the user to inhale more quickly once the apparatus 1 is first put to use. It is preferred that this heater segment 20′ is close to the mouth end 3, and it may therefore be for example the first or second heater segment 20 in sequence moving away from the mouthpiece 3. In the example shown in
In one example, this more rapid heating in a localized region of the smokable material can be achieved by the heater segment 20′ that has or defines a lower heat capacity itself having or defining a smaller volume. In the example shown in
In an example, the heater segments 20 are mounted and supported within the heater support sleeve 10 by mechanical isolators 30. The mechanical isolators 30 are rigid so as to provide mechanical, structural support for the heater segments 20. The mechanical isolators 30 act to maintain a separation or air gap between the heater segments 20 and the heater support sleeve 10, so as to reduce or minimize heat loss from the heater segments 20 to the heater support sleeve 10. The mechanical isolators 30 can be regarded as suspension elements which suspend the heater segments 20 within the heater support sleeve 10. The mechanical isolators 30 act also to maintain a desired separation between adjacent heater segments 20. This separation assists in minimizing heat transfer between the heater segments 20. The mechanical isolators 30 are advantageously formed of a heat insulating material. A particularly suitable material is polyether ether ketone (PEEK), which is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic with excellent mechanical and chemical resistance properties which are retained to high temperatures. However, other plastics, or other heat insulating materials, may be used.
The mechanical isolators 30 of one example are generally annular. As can be seen most clearly in for example
Electrical wires are provided to provide electrical power from the power source 8 to each of the heater segments 20. In an example, each heater segment 20 is capable of being powered independently of each other heater segment 20, so there are two power electrical wires for each heater segment 20 in such a case. As shown in
In some examples, each heater segment 20 has two connection posts 21 for the two electrical power wires 40. In some examples, at least one of the heater segments 20, and optionally all of the heater segments 20, may have a further pair of connection posts 21 for receiving further electrical wires 40. These further electrical wires 40 may provide for resistive temperature detection for the heater segment 20 to which they are connected. That is, the further electrical wires 40 provide for a measure of the temperature of the corresponding heater segment 20 to be passed back to the electrical control circuitry 7, which in turn controls the power supplied to the heater segment 20 to control the temperature to be at a desired level or within a desired range. It may be noted that not all heater segments 20 need be provided with an independent temperature sensing arrangement. It may for example be sufficient for just some or even just one of the heater segments 20 to have a temperature sensing arrangement. Indeed, the temperature sensing need not in all cases be related to a particular heater segment 20, and instead the temperature may be measured at some other location within the apparatus 1. As an alternative to resistive temperature detection, one or more thermistors may be used for detecting temperature within one or more of the heating segments 20 or the apparatus 1 as a whole.
In an example, the mechanical isolators 30 are provided with projections 32 to hold and support the heater segments 20. In one example, the projections 32 are formed as one or more posts or ears 33 which stand radially outwardly of the mechanical isolator 30 and are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis X-X of the apparatus 1. The post or posts 33 of the projections 32 effectively cradle a heater segment 20, whilst again minimizing contact between the mechanical isolators 30 and the heater segments 20 and maximizing minimizing the presence of insulating air gaps.
In an example, one or more of the projections 32 is formed as a pair of posts or ears 33 which define a short channel into which an electrical wire 40 fits. In this example, the one or more of the projections 32 acts also as a wire guide to support and guide the electrical wires 40. In one arrangement, opposed ends 34 of the guide projection ears 33 are angled in towards each other to provide inwardly facing posts, thereby providing a narrow portion which grips the electrical wire 40. The bases of the guide projections 32 may have a recess 35 which receives the electrical wire 40. The recess 35 is positioned radially outwardly of the main outermost surface of the mechanical isolator 30 such that the electrical wires 40 are held away from the surface of the isolator 30 and away from the outer surface of the heater segment 20 to prevent or minimize heating of the electrical wires 40. For similar reasons, the mechanical isolator 30 may have a circumferential rib 36 projecting radially outwardly, again to help maintain the electrical wires 40 away from the mechanical isolators 30 and the heater segments 20. Thus, depending on the particular arrangement and the number of electrical wires 40 and the number of guide projections 32, typically in some examples the electrical wires 40 for a particular heater segment 20 (whether they are power wires or temperature-sensor wires) are held by guide projections 32 of an adjacent mechanical isolator 30, whereas other electrical wires 40 for other heater segments 20 merely pass over that mechanical isolator 30 but are supported by the circumferential rib 36 of that mechanical isolator 30. An example of this can be seen in the example of
It should be noted that the wire guide function of the projections 32 may be provided separately of the function of supporting the heater segments 20, so for example there may be projections 32 that only support the heater segments 20, projections 32 that only guide the electrical wires 40, and optionally some projections 32 that both support the heater segments 20 and guide the electrical wires 40.
As can be seen most clearly in
As mentioned above, one of the functions of the heater support sleeve 10 in one example is to assist in heat-insulating the outer housing 2 from the heating chamber 4, so that the outer housing 2 does not become hot or at least too hot to touch during use. To assist in this, the heater support sleeve 10 is spaced from the outer housing 2. In an example shown in
The or each annular support 50 may be located away from the ends of the heater support sleeve 10. This is of particular advantage in the case that the heater support sleeve 10 is a double-walled vacuum sleeve as discussed above. This is because the heat insulating property of the double-walled heater support sleeve 10 is generally good except at the ends 13,14 because that is where the two walls 11,12 meet. In one example, there are two annular supports 50. This provides a good compromise between providing adequate support for the heater support sleeve 10 within the apparatus 1 and yet minimizing contact with the heater support sleeve 10, thereby minimizing heat conduction losses from the heater support sleeve 10. With such an arrangement, the annular supports 50 may each be respectively located at or approximately ⅓ along the length of the heater support sleeve 10 from each end of the sleeve 10. Other locations are however possible. In one arrangement, the annular supports 50 provide the only supporting contact with the heater support sleeve 10 within the apparatus 1, which helps to minimize conductive heat losses. (It will be understood that there may be other components that connect with the heater support sleeve 10, but in general these do not provide mechanical support for the heater support sleeve 10 within the apparatus 1.) A particularly suitable material for the annular supports 50 is polyether ether ketone (PEEK), though other plastics, or other heat insulating materials, may be used.
Referring to
In the example of a heater support sleeve 10 shown in
In another example, shown in
An opening 17 at one end of the heater support sleeve 10 may be flared. This enables easier entry into the heater support sleeve 10 of the components contained within it, including the heater segments 20 and the mechanical isolators 30, especially during manufacture for example. Such a flare 17 may be provided in the first example of the heater support sleeve 10 described above.
The outer housing 2 may be formed of a heat insulating material. A particularly suitable material is polyether ether ketone (PEEK), though again other plastics, including for example acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), or other heat insulating materials, may be used. The outermost surface of the outer housing 2 may have a decorative coating, such as a metallic finish. The innermost surface of the outer housing 2 may be coated, partially or fully, with a material that is a good heat conductor. A metal coating, such as of copper, which may for example be approximately 0.05 mm thick, may be used for this purpose. In the case that the heater support sleeve 10 is supported by annular supports 50 as discussed above, the outer housing 2 may in particular have a heat conductive coating 24 on its inner surface at least around the regions where the annular supports 50 contact the outer housing 2. This acts as a heat spreader to help dissipate any heat that has been conducted to the outer housing 2 from the heater support sleeve 10 by the annular supports 50, which helps to prevent hot spots building up on the outer housing 2.
The mechanical isolators 30 may all be identical. Alternatively, at least one of the rearmost and the frontmost mechanical isolator 30 may be differently formed at the rearmost/frontmost face respectively. An example of the frontmost mechanical isolator 30 being different is given above. The rearmost mechanical isolator 30 may be differently shaped at its rearmost face to accommodate or facilitate or provide for air flow inlet into the heating chamber 4. For example, referring to the example shown in
In one example, the arrangement is such that air flowing into the apparatus 1 does not pass over the electronics/power chamber 6, and in particular does not pass over the electrical control circuitry 7 and power source 8. An example of how to achieve this is shown in
There may be plural air inlet orifices 60 in the outer housing 2, with the air inlet pipe 70 being appropriately arranged to convey the air to the rearmost mechanical isolator 30. In one arrangement, there are two air inlet orifices 60 in the outer housing 2, provided on opposed sides of the outer housing 2. The air inlet pipe 70 in such a case may have a generally T-shape or Y-shape cross-section, having first and second arms 71, which connect to the first and second outer housing air inlets 60 respectively, and a stem 72, which connects to the air inlet orifice 38 of the rearmost mechanical isolator 30 (optionally by mounting to the wall 39 that defines the air inlet orifice 38) to provide for air flow into the adjacent, rearmost heater segment 20.
Where provided, the air inlet pipe 60, of whatever form, may be formed integrally with the rearmost mechanical isolator 30. As an alternative, where provided, the air inlet pipe 60, of whatever form, may be formed integrally with the outer housing 2. It is more convenient however for the air inlet pipe 60, of whatever form, to be provided as a separate component. To facilitate assembly of the apparatus 1 during manufacture, and to provide a mount for the air inlet pipe 60, the air inlet orifice 38 of the rearmost mechanical isolator 30 may be provided by a rearwardly facing collar 39 which projects away from the rearmost face 37 of the rearmost mechanical isolator 30. The air inlet pipe 70 may attach to this collar 39 of the rearmost mechanical isolator 30. In the particular example where the air inlet pipe 70 has a generally T-shape or Y-shape cross-section discussed above, the stem 72 of the air inlet pipe 70 may be sized to fit snugly around the collar 39 of the rearmost mechanical isolator 30. In an alternative arrangement (not shown), the stem 72 of the air inlet pipe 70 may fit snugly within the collar 39 of the rearmost mechanical isolator 30.
In order to address various issues and advance the art, the entirety of this disclosure shows by way of illustration and example various embodiments in which that which is claimed may be practiced and which provide for a superior apparatus arranged to heat smokable material but not burn the smokable material. The advantages and features of the disclosure are of a representative sample of embodiments only, and are not exhaustive and/or exclusive. They are presented only to assist in understanding and teach the claimed and otherwise disclosed features. It is to be understood that advantages, embodiments, examples, functions, features, structures and/or other aspects of the disclosure are not to be considered limitations on the disclosure as defined by the claims or limitations on equivalents to the claims, and that other embodiments may be utilized and modifications may be made without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the disclosure. Various embodiments may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist in essence of, various combinations of the disclosed elements, components, features, parts, steps, means, etc. The disclosure may include other inventions not presently claimed, but which may be claimed in future.
The present application is a National Phase entry of PCT Application No. PCT/EP2014/072828, filed Oct. 24, 2014, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/897,193, filed Oct. 29, 2013, said applications being hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2014/072828 | 10/24/2014 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015/062983 | 5/7/2015 | WO | A |
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