Patent Grant
10981761
This application is the National Phase of International Application PCT/IB2016/054479 filed Jul. 27, 2016 which designated the U.S. and that International Application was published under PCT Article 21(2) in English.
This application claims priority to Italian Patent Application No. 102015000039054 filed Jul. 28, 2015, which application is incorporated by reference herein.
The present invention relates to an apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular containers, preferably in the form of empty containers. Said containers are for intermodal transport, and preferably are ISO containers.
Apparatuses are known for lifting and transporting containers, preferably in the form of empty containers; comprising a support chassis, resting and movement means of the apparatus with respect to the ground, in particular comprising front means, or wheels, for resting and movement and rear means, or wheels for resting and movement, said front and/or rear means, or wheels for resting and movement in particular having a respective transversal, or horizontal, rotation axis of the lifting and lowering means of the load comprising a respective mast, in particular extending upwards, and gripping means of the load, which gripping means are mobile along said mast.
The above-mentioned known-type apparatuses for lifting containers present on the market are activated exclusively by respective internal combustion engines, preferably high-powered and heavy diesel engines which also require a significant use of fuel.
Further, said known-type apparatuses for lifting containers have a significant weight, in particular determined by the ballast counterweights, which leads to working costs in terms of fuel consumption and wear on the tyres of the wheels, which are particularly high and disadvantageous for user companies and especially require excessive refuelling and maintenance breaks.
Also known are lifting apparatuses that are powered entirely by electricity, prevalently utilised internally of closed environments, such as warehouses or the like, and which use only electric batteries for powering the lifting motor means, in which the potential energy of the lifting mast and the load, if present, is recycled during the descent steps but which however do not enable efficient energy recycling as the batteries are not able to rapidly store all the energy of the mast and necessitate, in order to avoid damage, dissipating a part of this recyclable energy.
Also known are hybrid lifting apparatuses utilising internal combustion drive units, which are combined with electrical drive units and which enable a certain recuperation of the braking energy of the apparatus but not the lifting energy and which are moreover not used in the sector of movement of containers.
Therefore a need is perceived in the sector for having available an apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular of corresponding containers, which has modest working costs, in particular a minimum use of fuel.
In the sector, however, a need is perceived for having available an apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular of corresponding containers, which is easy and not expensive to construct.
A need is perceived in the sector for having available an apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular of corresponding containers, which is easy and not expensive to maintain.
A need is also perceived in the sector for having available an apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular of corresponding containers, which is easy to use for the driver.
In the sector, however, a need is perceived for having available an apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular of corresponding containers, which is easily transportable and assemblable in the place of use.
The present invention therefore proposes a new solution as an alternative to the solutions known up to now and, in particular, proposes to obviate one or more of the above mentioned drawbacks or problems and/or to meet one or more of the needs felt in the trade or inferable from the above.
An apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular containers, is therefore provided, especially for intermodal transport, such as ISO containers, preferably in the guise of empty containers; comprising a support chassis, for resting and movement means of the apparatus with respect to the ground, in particular comprising means, or front wheels, for resting and movement and means, or rear wheels, for resting and movement, in particular said front and/or rear means, or wheels, for resting and movement having a respective transversal, or horizontal, rotation axis; lifting and lowering means of the load, comprising a respective mast, in particular extending upwards, preferably in the form of a telescopic mast, and gripping means of the load, which gripping means are mobile along said mast; characterised in that the mast of said lifting and lowering means of the load has a respective centre of gravity positioned at, or posteriorly of, the respective rotation axis of the front means, or wheels, for resting and movement of the apparatus, i.e. with respect to the pivot point of the apparatus which is defined by the resting point on the ground of the front means, or wheels for resting and movement, in particular said centre of gravity of the mast being longitudinally distanced from said axis or from the pivot point in a measure comprised between 0 mm and 1000 mm, and preferably comprised between 50 mm and 500 mm.
In this way, the use of the counterweight can be limited, and an apparatus is realised that uses less energy and has more modest working costs.
These and other innovative aspects of the invention, or specific advantageous features, are set out in the appended claims and its technical features and advantages are apparent from the detailed description which follows of a preferred, advantageous embodiment of it, which must be considered purely as a non-limiting example, said description being made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
The accompanying figures illustrate a preferred embodiment 10 of an apparatus for lifting and transporting loads, in particular for lifting and transporting containers 11 which, in particular, as can clearly be observed in
In particular, the apparatus comprises a support chassis 12, in particular extending prevalently according to a respective longitudinal direction, and resting and movement means of the apparatus with respect to the ground, in particular comprising front means 14, or wheels, for resting and movement and rear means, or wheels 16 for resting and movement.
In this way, said front and/or rear means, or wheels 14, 16, for resting and movement, have a respective transversal, or horizontal, rotation axis.
In particular, said rear wheels 16 define the steering wheels of the apparatus.
The apparatus further comprises lifting and lowering means 18 of the load, comprising a respective mast 20 extending in an upwards direction, preferably in the form of a telescopic mast having a base element 20′ that is fixed to the chassis of the apparatus and one or more telescopic members 20″ that are vertically mobile with respect to said fixed mast and, possibly, reciprocally mobile with respect to one another.
The lifting means 18 further comprise securing or gripping means 22 of the load or container 11, as clearly visible in
As illustrated, the mast 20 of said lifting and lowering means of the load advantageously has a respective centre of gravity which, at least when the mast is vertical or perpendicular to the ground, is positioned posteriorly of the rotation axis A of the front means, or wheels 14 for resting and movement of the apparatus, i.e. with respect to the pivot point F of the apparatus which is defined by the resting point on the ground of the front means 14, or wheels for resting and movement, and which is perpendicular to said rotation axis A of said front means, or wheels 14.
Further the mast 20 of said lifting and lowering means of the load can advantageously have a respective centre of gravity which, at least when the mast is vertical or perpendicular to the ground, is positioned at, i.e. vertically aligned to, the respective rotation axis A of the front resting means, or wheels 14, for resting and movement of the apparatus, i.e. with respect to the pivot point F of the apparatus which is defined by the resting point on the ground of the front means 14, or wheels, for resting and movement, and which is perpendicular to said rotation axis A of said front means, or wheels 14.
In this way, an advantageous balancing effect of the weight of the mast is obtained with respect to the tipping point of the apparatus, which enables avoiding the use of large weights or counterweights.
In particular, said centre of gravity of the mast is advantageously longitudinally distanced from said axis A or from the pivot point F in a measure “d” comprised between 0 mm and 1000 mm, and preferably comprised between 50 mm and 500 mm.
In this way, an advantageous balancing effect of the weight of the mast 20 and an advantageous and effective gripping action are obtained of the respective load or container 11.
As can be observed in
In this way, a structure is obtained which, in the demounted condition, is smaller and easier to transport.
As can be observed also with reference to following
In particular, as illustrated, said first and second longitudinal members 15, 15, for supporting the respective front means, or wheels, for resting and movement 14, 14 extend parallel to one another.
As illustrated, said first and second longitudinal members 15, 15, for rotatable support of the respective front means, or wheels, for resting and movement 14, 14 advantageously extend from said front frame 121.
As illustrated, said front frame 121 advantageously comprises a respective transversal element or cross-member 17, in particular in the form of a respective supporting beam element.
As illustrated, said first and second longitudinal rotatable support members 15, 15 projecting frontally are advantageously prolonged from said transversal element 17 of said front frame 121, especially from the opposite lateral ends of the transversal element 17.
Said front frame 121 advantageously has, in plan view from above, a generally U-shaped conformation, in particular defined by said transversal element 17 and by said short longitudinal members 15, 15 for rotatable support, projecting from the transversal element 17.
As illustrated, said transversal beam element 17 advantageously has a main support body, in particular tubular, which in particular extends more greatly vertically or perpendicularly, and preferably has a rectangular tubular profile, the respective long side being directed vertically or perpendicularly.
The respective longitudinal element is advantageously in the form of a plate element 15, in particular orientated vertically, having a respective opening 15′ for inserting the respective axle, in particular a motor-driven axle, as will emerge more fully in the following part of the present description, of the respective means, or wheel, for resting and movement 14, 14, and/or attaching means projecting towards the outside for respective front means, or wheel, for resting and movement 14, 14′.
Said transversal beam element 17 advantageously has respective reinforcing gussets, respectively upper and/or lower, 157, 157, which project frontally from said transversal beam element 17, and which connect rigidly to the respective longitudinal plate 15 defining the corresponding rotatable support element of the respective front means, or wheels. As illustrated, said gussets are prolonged proceeding from the respective plate defining the connecting means to the rear frame and/or to the mast 20.
As illustrated, the respective longitudinal element 15 has a respective reinforcing flange 151, centrally open, which is supported externally to the plate 15, which, as can be observed, is welded to the end of the beam element 17.
As illustrated, in particular in
In particular, said mast 20 of the lifting and lowering means of the load 11 is advantageously hingedly connected, i.e. pivoted, to said front frame 121 of the support chassis 12, in particular to the transversal element 17 of the front frame 121, in particular having said mast 20, i.e. the lower fixed element 20′ thereof, i.e. the respective lower end 201, hingedly connected, in particular pivoted, at 2012, to said front frame 121.
In particular, as can be seen from
The present apparatus advantageously, comprises means 21, 120 for attaching the mast 20, in particular the fixed base element 20′ thereof to the support chassis 12.
Said means for attaching advantageously comprise pivot means 21 which insert in corresponding hole means at the lower end of the mast 20 and in hole means 120 at said support chassis 12, in particular at said front frame 121, in particular at said transversal element and/or beam element 17 of said front frame 121.
The apparatus 10 advantageously comprises rotation means, or tilting means, of the mast 20 with respect to the support chassis 12 of the apparatus. In particular, the rotation means, or tilting means, of the mast 20 with respect to the support chassis 12 of the apparatus are defined by said pivot means 21 for attaching the mast to the support chassis of the apparatus.
Said means for attaching 21, 120 are advantageously arranged superiorly of said support chassis 12, in particular superiorly of said front frame 121, in particular superiorly of said transversal element and/or beam element 17 of said front frame 121, preferably vertically, or perpendicularly, aligned thereto.
As illustrated, said front frame 121 advantageously has corresponding plate means 12′, in particular extending vertically, preferably in the form of a first and a second pair of plates 12′, 12′ transversally spaced from one another in order to receive a respective lower end 20i of the respective mast 20.
Said first and second pair of plates 12′. 12′ are transversally spaced from one another and received the lower end of the mast 20 between them.
Said plate means 12′ project superiorly of the front frame 121, in particular of the transversal element and/or beam element 17 thereof, and define respective hole means 120 for said pivot means 21 for attachment of the mast, having respective hole means for receiving the respective pivot 21.
Said connecting means 123 between the front frame 121 and the rear frame 122 advantageously comprise first 123′ and second 123″ connecting means, respectively upper and lower, in particular being provided respectively above and below the beam element 17 at the lower end of the beam element 17.
Said connecting means 120 between the front frame 121 and the rear frame 122 are advantageously provided posteriorly to the beam element 17, in particular comprising first 123′ and second 123″ connecting means provided posteriorly of said beam element 17, in particular posteriorly of the posterior face thereof.
Said connecting means 120 between the front frame 121 and the rear frame 122 advantageously comprise respective pivot means 123′p, 123″p which insert in corresponding hole means 123′f, 123″f provided respectively in the first frame 121 and in corresponding hole means provided in the second frame 122, in particular at said upper connecting means and said lower connecting means.
In particular, the connecting means 123 between the front frame 121 and the rear frame 122 advantageously extend transversally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the apparatus, or the prevalent prolongation of the chassis of the apparatus, the pivot means 123′p, 123″p being especially in the form of pivot means which are insertable in, and deinsertable from, respective hole means 123′a, 123′a preferably by means of a respective pushing movement, or traction movement, which is directed parallel to the axis of the respectively hole.
In this way it is possible to carry out rapid and easy reciprocal mounting and demounting of the front frame 121 and rear frame 122 of the chassis of the apparatus, all preferably in the interest of simplicity in carrying out the transport operations of the apparatus.
As can be observed, in particular from
As illustrated, the respective connecting rod 1230 has a first and second hole 1231, 1231 for receiving corresponding pivots 123′p, 123′p which insert in corresponding holes 123′f and 123′f respectively of the front frame 121 of the rear frame 122.
Said front frame 121 has corresponding plate means 12′, in particular defining means for attaching the mast 20, especially so that they prolong vertically and are preferably in the form of a first and second pair of plates 12′, 12′ transversally spaced from one another in order to receive a respective end, in particular lower and frontally projecting 1222 of the rear frame 122 and/or for receiving a relative end of the respective connecting rod 1230, the other end of the connecting rod 1230 being preferably received between corresponding projecting front gussets 1221 of said rear frame 122, in particular at the upper end thereof.
As illustrated, said plate means 12′ of said front frame 121 and said upper gussets or lower end, frontally projecting, of the rear frame 122 advantageously define or exhibit respective hole means, though in the figures only those provided on the front frame denoted with reference number 123′a, 123″a are illustrated, for the pivot means 123′p, 123″p for reciprocal connection.
A connection is obtained that is rapid and easy to predispose between the front frame and the rear frame.
As illustrated, said plate means 12′ of said front frame 121 advantageously project posteriorly to said front frame 121, in particular to the transversal element and/or beam element 17 thereof.
Said plate means 12′ of said front frame 121 therefore advantageously bear the connecting means 123 to the rear frame and the means for attaching of the mast 20.
The plate means 12′ of said front frame 121 are preferably arranged at an intermediate zone of the transversal element and/or beam element and/or beam element 17 of the front frame 121, in particular between the end support plates of the front wheels.
Activating means 24, 24 of the traction or drive of the apparatus are advantageously provided.
Said activating means of the drive 24, 24 of the apparatus advantageously activate said front means, or wheels, for resting and movement 14, 14.
The activating means of the drive 24, 24 of the apparatus are advantageously borne by said front frame 121.
Said activating means of the drive comprise corresponding electric motor means 24, 24 in particular in the form of a first and a second electric motor, especially for activating corresponding first and second front means, or wheels 14, 14 of the apparatus.
Said electric motor means 24, 24 are advantageously borne on the internal side of the respective projecting longitudinal element 15.
As previously mentioned, the mast 20 has a first part 20′ connected to the chassis 12 and a second part 20″ that is extensible with respect to said first part and a possible third part of the mast 20″ which is extensible with respect to the first part and the second extensible part.
Said mast 20 is advantageously able to lift the load or container to multiple heights of the standard height of the respective container, in particular up to a height corresponding to at least eight containers stacked on one another.
Activating means are advantageously provided for activating 26, 26 a lifting and a lowering of said gripping means 22 of the load, with the load 11 if present, and/or of the respective extensible part 12″ of the mast 20.
Said lifting and lowering means advantageously comprise first and second activating means 26, 26.
Said activating means of lifting and lowering advantageously comprise winch means 28, 28 which raise the respective mobile element 20″ of the respective extensible part of the mast 20 and/or the gripping means of the load, and the eventual load 11, in particular using continuous elongate means, in the form of respective rope means 29, 29, said winch means preferably being in the form of first and a second winches 26, 26.
Said activating means of the lifting and lowering advantageously comprise corresponding electric motor means, in particular in the form of first and second electric motors 26, 26, especially for activating corresponding first and second winches 28, 28.
Said first and second electric motor means are advantageously simultaneously or alternatively activatable, in particular in the alternatively activatable condition when there is no driving force at the other of the electric motor means, for activating the lifting and lowering of the gripping means of the load and possibly the load and/or the respective extensible part of the mast, as will clearly emerge from the following part of the description.
Operative connecting means 30, 30 are advantageously included for operative connection between said first and second activating means of the lifting and lowering in order to transmit activation there-between, in particular when driving force is lacking at one thereof.
Said operative connecting means 30, 30 are advantageously comprised between said first and second winches 28, 28 and/or the respective electric motor 26, 26 for activating the respective winch 28, 28.
Said operative connecting means are advantageously in the form of mechanical engaging means, or gears 30, 30, in particular solidly constrained to the shaft of the respective winch 28, 28, in particular arranged, as illustrated, between the respective winch 28, 28 and the respective electric motor 26, 26.
Said operative connecting means 30, 30 are advantageously in the form of engageable and disengageable means.
In particular, said operative connecting means 30, 30 are in the form of means that are engageable and disengageable when a respective electric motor 26, 26 halts.
In particular, in a different embodiment illustrated in following figures from 8A to 8C, instead of first and second winches (or drums) 28 arranged in parallel and transversally spaced from one another, as illustrated in the preceding first preferred embodiment, only one winch, or drum 128 might conceivably be used, positioned transversally with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and sufficiently elongate for receiving the corresponding continuous elongate means, especially in the form of first and second continuous elongate means, or rope means 29, 29, and two electric motors (one per end) 26, 26 would be connected at the opposite ends of the single winch or drum 128 for activating the winch. In particular, said first and second motor connected to the ends of the single winch 128 would be simultaneously or alternatively activatable, in particular in the alternatively activatable condition when there is no driving force at the other of the electric motor means, for activating the lifting and lowering of the gripping means of the load and possibly the load and/or the respective extensible part of the mast.
As can be observed in following
Inclination or tilting means are advantageously provided of the lifting means or mast 20, in particular in the form of respective actuator means or hydraulic cylinder means 19, 19, preferably in the form of first and second actuators or hydraulic cylinders 19, 19 interposed between the lifting means or mast 20 and the support chassis 12, in particular the rear frame 122 of the support chassis.
As can be observed in particular in
The supply of electricity is, as illustrated, via a respective electrical circuit 39 and respective control means or inverters, in particular said control means or, denoted by numerical reference 24′, 24′, those controlling the activating motors of the drive or traction of the apparatus, with reference numeral 26′, 26′, those controlling the activating motors for lifting the load, and with reference numeral 34′ those controlling the respective electricity generator 34 which will be more fully illustrated in the following part of the present description.
Said energy supply means, in particular of electricity, to the means, or to the respective electric motor 24, 24 for activating the drive or traction of the apparatus and/or to the means, or respective electric motor 26, 26 for activating the lifting of the load, advantageously comprise electricity generating means, in particular in the form of a single respective electricity generator 34.
Said energy supply means, in particular of electricity, to the means, or respective electric motor 24, 24 for activating the drive or traction of the apparatus and/or to the means, or respective electric motor 26, 26 for activating the lifting of the load, advantageously comprise electricity storage means, preferably in the form of a supercondensator or supercapacitor means, in particular constituted by a respective supercondensator or supercapacitor means 35.
The apparatus advantageously comprises primary energy supply means 32, especially comprising internal combustion engine means, supplied with a corresponding fuel housed in a respective tank of the apparatus, in particular in the form of a single internal combustion engine, preferably of the diesel type, and which activates said electricity generating means 34.
As can be observed in said
In a respective operating condition of functioning of the apparatus, in particular normal, illustrated in
As illustrated in
As can be seen in
As can be seen in
As illustrated in
Though not being specifically illustrated in the accompanying figures, the apparatus advantageously comprises control means of the energy flow between the respective energy supply means and the respective activating means of the apparatus.
Said control means of the energy flows advantageously control the charge level and/or electricity level which is stored in the storage means or supercondensator means 35 and if this is high, totally or prevalently command supply of the respective activating means by means of said energy storage means or supercondensator means 35.
Advantageously, said control means of the energy flows totally or prevalently supply the respective activating means with the energy of the storage means or supercondensator 35, as a function of the subsequent operation to be carried out, preferably as a function of the lifting height that is to be implemented by the activating means of the lifting, in particular discharging said supercondensator energy storage means 35, to such an extent that the energy storage means can subsequently store all or substantially the entire energy recyclable from the subsequent descent step of the mast and/or the gripping means of the load, and the load if present.
Said control means of the energy flows advantageously command the electricity generating means 34 to function as an electric motor for starting the internal combustion engine 35, in particular on recommencement of the drive of the apparatus and/or of the lifting of the load, preferably using the energy of said storage means or supercondensator 35.
In this latter case, the starter motor can be left unused, with a consequent lower wear and a lower risk of breakage thereof.
Obviously said control means of the energy control the flows of supply energy of the respective activating means from the energy storage means, or supercondensator means 35 and from the electricity generator 34, in particular controlling the functioning of the primary energy supply means, or internal combustion engine 32.
Said control means of the flows of energy further control the charging of the energy storage means, or supercondensator means 35 carried out by said activating means, functioning as electricity generators, of said drive means of the apparatus and/or the load lifting means, i.e. by the electricity generator 34 activated by the corresponding primary energy supply means, or internal combustion engine 32.
As can be observed in following
The apparatus advantageously comprises means 51, 52 for commanding the apparatus usable by the driver, in particular at said driver's cab 50.
Said command means of the apparatus comprise selecting means of the height of the lifting of the load, in particular in the form of a respective button.
In particular selecting means of a plurality of heights are provided, preferably in the form of a plurality of buttons 55, 56, 57, 58 and 59 (for example), each relating to a specific lifting height.
In the present apparatus, as is illustrated, said resting and movement means are in the form of wheel means, in particular comprising first and second front wheel means, composed of pairs 14, 14 of twinned wheels, and first and second rear wheel means, in particular in the form of steering wheel means 16, 16.
As can be observed in the corresponding figures, said activating means 26, 26 of the lifting and lowering of said gripping means 22 of the load, with the load 11 if present, and/or of the respective extensible part 20″ of the mast 20, are supported by said mast 20, in particular by the base element 20′ fixed to the support chassis 12 of the apparatus.
In this way, it is among other things advantageously possible that the tilting or rotation of the mast, with respect to the respective hinge pin to the support chassis, does not lead to the exerting of undesired stresses on the load, i.e. on the continuous elongate or transmission means 29, 29.
As can be observed in the corresponding figures, said activating means 26, 26 of the lifting and lowering of said gripping means 22 of the load, with the load 11 if present, and/or of the respective extensible part 20″ of the mast 20, are advantageously fixed to the mast 20, in particular to the fixed base element 20′ thereof, preferably to a transversal element that connects respective elongate longitudinal members, vertically extending, of the structure of the mast 20, i.e. the fixed base element 20′ thereof.
As can be observed in the figures, said activating means 26, 26 of a lifting and a lowering of said gripping means 22 of the load, with the load 11 if present, and/or of the respective extensible part 20″ of the mast 20 are advantageously arranged posteriorly of the mast, in particular posteriorly to the fixed base element 20′ thereof, i.e. on the side of the mast 20 which is opposite with respect to the gripping side of the load 11.
As can be observed in the figures, said activating means 26, 26 of a lifting and a lowering of said gripping means 22 of the load, with the load 11 if present, and/or of the respective extensible part 20″ of the mast 20 are advantageously arranged at the lower part of the mast, in particular posteriorly to the fixed base element 20′ thereof.
As can be observed in the corresponding figures, said activating means 26, 26 of a lifting and a lowering of said gripping means 22 of the load, with the load 11 if present, and/or of the respective extensible part 20″ of the mast 20, extend projectingly from said mast 20, in particular from the fixed base element 20′ thereof.
In the preferred embodiment illustrated in
In the preferred embodiment illustrated in
As can be observed in the corresponding figures, said activating means 26, 26 of a lifting and a lowering of said gripping means 22 of the load, with the load 11 if present, and/or of the respective extensible part 20″ of the mast 20, i.e. the respective winch means 28, 28 and relative activating motor means, are housed internally of a corresponding protective covering, which surrounds and encloses, preferably completely, said activating means, and which is preferably supported by the support and fixing means of the activating means 26, 26 to said mast 20.
The invention described has evident industrial applications. It would be obvious to one skilled in the art that several changes and/or modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, described in depth above. Also, further preferred embodiments of the invention comprising one or more of the features described herein can easily be conceived. Moreover, it will be understood that all the details of the invention may be substituted by technically equivalent elements.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102015000039054 | Jul 2015 | IT | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2016/054479 | 7/27/2016 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017/017620 | 2/2/2017 | WO | A |
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| 20180222732 A1 | Aug 2018 | US |
