Patent Application
20120175537
1. Field of the Invention
The field of the invention relates to an apparatus for pipeline inspection, more particularly to an apparatus for in-line inspection of a pipeline (e.g. an oil or gas pipeline). The field of the invention further relates to a method of assembly for a pipeline inspection apparatus.
2. Description of Related Art
It is known to use electrical linear actuators in a number of applications, including various high-pressure applications. One such application is as part of a speed control system on a pipeline inspection apparatus, e.g. of the type disclosed in US2010/0212747. In that instance, the electrical linear actuator is immersed in oil, the oil serving to protect the electrical linear actuator from debris and corrosive substances.
However, there are problems with the immersion of electrical linear actuators in oil. For example, the types of brushed DC motor often used in electrical linear actuators have brush current limits, and these can be exceeded if the viscosity of the oil is too high. This can be a particular problem in oil & gas pipelines which pass through low temperature environments; the low temperatures may cause the oil to become can become viscous and ineffective.
Further problems with immersion of an electrical linear actuator in oil are caused by the possibility of pockets of gas being trapped in the system. On decommissioning of the actuator, such gas pockets may expand rapidly and explode, increasing the risk of injury to those operating the electrical linear actuator.
The disclosure overcomes or mitigates one or more of the above-discussed problems, or other disadvantages or problems, associated with known pipeline inspection apparatus.
The disclosure provides an in-line inspection tool for pipeline inspection. The tool comprising a channel through which pipeline fluid can flow through the tool; a flow control valve assembly comprising a valve member which is movable between a closed position and an open position for controlling the rate of flow of pipeline fluid through the channel, the flow control valve assembly further comprising a fluid-filled chamber; and an electrical linear actuator assembly configured to control movement of the valve member from the closed position to the open position, wherein the electrical linear actuator assembly is located in the chamber of the flow control valve assembly, wherein the electrical linear actuator assembly comprises a motor configured to operate the valve member, and wherein the electrical linear actuator assembly defines a flow path to allow fluid from the chamber of the flow control valve assembly to flow through the motor.
The disclosure also provides a method of assembly of a pipeline inspection apparatus. The method comprising providing an in-line inspection tool comprising a channel through which pipeline fluid can flow through the tool; providing a flow control valve assembly comprising a valve member which is movable between a closed position and an open position for controlling the rate of flow of pipeline fluid through the channel, the flow control valve assembly further comprising a fluid-filled chamber; providing an electrical linear actuator assembly configured to control movement of the valve member from the closed position to the open position, the electrical linear actuator assembly comprising a motor configured to operate the valve member; locating the electrical linear actuator assembly in the chamber of the flow control valve assembly; and providing a flow path within the electrical linear actuator assembly for the flow of fluid from the chamber of the flow control valve assembly to flow through the motor.
The disclosure further provides an in-line inspection tool for pipeline inspection. The tool comprising a channel through which pipeline fluid can flow through the tool; a flow control valve assembly comprising a valve member which is movable between a closed position and an open position for controlling the rate of flow of pipeline fluid through the channel, the flow control valve assembly further comprising a fluid-filled chamber; and an electrical linear actuator assembly configured to control movement of the valve member from the closed position to the open position, wherein the electrical linear actuator assembly is located in the chamber of the flow control valve assembly, and wherein the chamber of the flow control valve assembly is filled with Nyswitcho 3x oil.
The disclosure further provides an in-line inspection tool for pipeline inspection. The tool comprising a channel through which pipeline fluid can flow through the tool; a flow control valve assembly comprising a valve member which is movable between a closed position and an open position for controlling the rate of flow of pipeline fluid through the channel, the flow control valve assembly further comprising a fluid-filled chamber; and an electrical linear actuator assembly configured to control movement of the valve member from the closed position to the open position, wherein the electrical linear actuator assembly is located in the chamber of the flow control valve assembly, wherein the electrical linear actuator assembly comprises a motor configured to operate the valve member, and wherein the electrical linear actuator assembly is configured to allow fluid from the chamber of the flow control valve assembly to be drawn into the motor to evacuate air pockets within the motor.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate one or more embodiments and, together with the description, explain these embodiments. In the drawings:
The following description of the exemplary embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements. The following detailed description does not limit the invention. Instead, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Reference throughout the disclosure to “an exemplary embodiment,” “an embodiment,” or variations thereof means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the subject matter disclosed. Thus, the appearance of the phrases “in an exemplary embodiment,” “in an embodiment,” or variations thereof in various places throughout the disclosure is not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Referring firstly to
The valve member 12 is attached to a piston 14 having a longitudinal axis A. The piston 14 is contained within a sealed chamber 16. The piston 14 has a central bore 18 into which an electrical linear actuator assembly 20 is inserted. The assembly 20 is contained within the chamber 16 and is connected to the piston 14 such that operation of the assembly 20 moves the piston 14 along axis A within the chamber 16.
The assembly 20 is shown in more detail in
The spindle 28 has at its end distal a threaded portion 30 to provide the connection between the piston 14 and the assembly 20. Operation of the motor 24 causes rotation of the spindle 28. The gearbox 30 includes a gear train (not shown) which controls the speed at which the spindle 28 is driven by the motor 24.
The gearbox defines a cylindrical housing 31. Bearing shields 46 are removed from the gearbox housing 31, providing an aperture or inlet 48 that puts the gearbox housing 31 in fluid communication with the chamber 16 and allows fluid to pass from the chamber 16 into the gearbox 30.
In this embodiment, the gearbox 30 and spindle 28 are such as those produced under part number 363976 by Maxon Motor UK of Finchampstead, UK.
The motor 24 has a cylindrical motor housing 23 having a first end 34 connected to gearbox housing 31 and a second end 36 connected to the encoder 26. The motor 24 consists of a stator 25 which defines bore in which an armature (not shown) is operable. The connection between the motor housing 23 and the gearbox housing 31 defines a flow path for fluid from the gearbox housing into the motor housing, i.e. into the bore of the stator 25.
The motor 24 is in this exemplary embodiment a brushed DC motor with graphite brushes (not shown) intended to resist corrosion. The graphite brushes have a relatively low current capacity and so have a current limit of 2A. The motor 24 is in this embodiment one such as those produced under part number 323890 by Maxon Motor UK of Finchampstead, UK.
A bearing shield 50 is removed from the motor first end 34, providing an aperture 52 that puts the motor 24 in fluid connection with the chamber 14.
The second end 36 of the motor housing 23 is shown in
The encoder 26 (shown in
In this exemplary embodiment the apertures 38, 46, 49 may be drilled in the motor 24 and the encoder 26.
Prior to use of the pipeline inspection tool, the chamber 16 and the bore 18 are filled with a low viscosity oil. In exemplary embodiments, the actuator assembly 20 is then primed. Operation of the motor 24 and gearbox 30 acts as a pump, and oil is drawn from the chamber 16 into the assembly 20 through the aperture 48 of the gearbox 30. Oil flows into the gearbox 30, the motor 24 and the encoder 26 via the apertures 50, 38, 46, 49 along the flow path indicated by the arrows X in
Allowing oil to flow through the primed motor 24 ensures that all gas is evacuated from the system, reducing the risk of injury from an explosion of rapidly expanding gas during decommissioning, for example.
In this embodiment, the low viscosity oil used is Nyswitcho 3x oil produced by Nynas of Stockholm, Sweden. Nyswitcho 3x is normally used as switchgear oil. However, test indicate that this particular oil is extremely well suited for use in the harsh operating conditions associated with pipeline inspection. In particular, the oil has been found to perform well at low temperatures, in terms of low viscosity and high oxidation stability.
The low viscosity oil reduces friction in the assembly 20, lowering power consumption and increasing battery life, and thus increasing pipeline inspection range. However, test indicate that the use of Nyswitcho 3x switchgear oil allows the assembly 20 to operate satisfactorily across a wide range of temperatures, e.g. at temperatures from −30° C. to 70° C., as well as at pressures up to 220 bar. Test indicate that other low viscosity oils will not perform as well, and may leads to the 2A current limit on the graphite brushes being exceeded, particularly when operating at temperatures below to −10° C. This is due to the increased viscosity of those low viscosity oils at such temperatures, which leads to an increase in the torque level required. When operating the system with Nyswitcho 3x, the 2A current limit on the graphite brushes is not exceeded, as the low viscosity properties of Nyswitcho 3x mean minimal torque is required.
Existing electrical linear actuator assemblies comprising the parts or similar parts described can be easily modified by the removal of bearing shields and the drilling of holes to produce the exemplary embodiment described herein.
In alternative embodiments, alternative low viscosity oils could be used. Alternative DC motors with brushes of a different material could be used. Apertures could be drilled in different areas of the motor and encoder. Further apertures may be provided.
An electrical linear actuator as disclosed may be used for applications, particularly high pressure applications, other than for pipeline inspection.
This written description uses examples to disclose embodiments of the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of embodiments of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial difference from the literal languages of the claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11150533.5 | Jan 2011 | EP | regional |
