Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to equipment for spreading particulate material, such as sand or salt, from a truck or other type of work vehicle; and more particularly to mounts for removably attaching such equipment to the work vehicle wherein those mounts include a lifting mechanism.
2. Description of the Related Art
In the winter, sand and/or salt is spread on snow and ice covered roads using a spreader mounted to the rear of a truck. These spreaders are hung by hooks on the tail gate of the truck or otherwise attached to the truck's body or frame. The spreader has a hopper into which the material being distributed is loaded. Typically the hopper has a lower section that tapers toward an opening so as to funnel the material through that opening. In a gravity fed model, a gate controls flow of the material from the hopper onto the road behind the truck. In other models, the spreader includes a motor driven centrifugal impeller onto which the material drops from the hopper and then is ejected in a semicircular pattern behind the truck.
It is necessary to remove the spreader from the truck in order to load objects into the truck bed and use the vehicle for other purposes. As a consequence, it is desirable to be able to mount and dismount the spreader as easily as possible. However, a spreader, especially one containing a load of salt or sand, is relatively heavy and usually requires the use of other equipment, such as a fork lift or front end loader, to move the spreader onto and off the truck.
Therefore, it would be advantageous to provide a self-mounting spreader.
A spreader for distributing material includes a hitch attached to a work vehicle, a hopper and a lift mechanism that removably couples the hopper to the hitch. The hopper is provided to hold the material and has an outlet through which the material is discharged. The hitch has a pair of primary connector elements, such as slots for example. The lift mechanism is attached to the hopper and has first and second secondary connector elements, such as latch pins for example, that releasably engage the pair of primary connector elements on the hitch. Specifically, the lift mechanism includes a first member secured to the hopper, a second member, and an actuator which produces motion between the first and second members. For example, the actuator may be a powered actuator, such as a hydraulic cylinder or an electric motor, or a manually operated device, such as a screw jack. Operation of the actuator changes a positional relationship between the hopper and at least one of the first and second secondary connector elements to secure the lift mechanism to the hitch.
In one embodiment of the spreader, the lift mechanism includes first and second arms that are pivotally connected to both the hopper and a link arrangement. The first and second secondary connector elements are on the link arrangement and releasably engage the primary connector elements. The actuator is connected to the hopper and either the first arm or the link arrangement to produce movement of the first and second secondary connector elements with respect to the hopper. A stand optionally is connected to the hopper to support the spreader when the lift mechanism is detached from the hitch.
In another embodiment of the spreader, the lift mechanism includes a first guide connected to the hopper. A stand has a first member that is slidably received in the first guide, a first secondary connector element is coupled to the first guide and a second secondary connector element is coupled to the stand. The actuator is connected to the stand and the first guide to move the first and second secondary connector elements toward and away from each other and into an out of engagement with the first pair of primary connector elements of the hitch.
With initial reference to
With reference to
The hopper 16 rests on a horizontal support 26 of the body 18. The horizontal support 26 extends laterally beyond the sides of the hopper where the horizontal support is connected to a stand 27 which supports the spreader 12 when detached from the work vehicle 10. The stand 27 comprises two vertical legs 28 and 30 that extend downward from the horizontal support 26 and have bottom ends attached to feet 32 and 34, respectively. A gusset 36 reinforces each junction between the vertical members 28 and 30 and the feet 32 and 34.
The forward edge of the body 18 is attached to a lift mechanism 20. Specifically, the body's horizontal support 26 is attached to a vertical frame formed by a pair of horizontal beams 50 and 52 connected by a pair of vertical beams 54 and 56. A pair of vertical plates 58 and 59 are welded to the horizontal beams 50 and 52 and project toward the work vehicle 10. First and second parallel arms 60 and 61 are pivotally connected by a pair of trunnions 64 to the first vertical plate 58. Third and fourth parallel arms 62 and 63 are pivotally connected by another pair of trunnions 64 to the second vertical plate 59, respectively. The details of the connection of the first and second arms 60 and 61 is shown in
The lift mechanism 20 includes a linear actuator 74, preferably comprising a hydraulic cylinder 76 and a piston with a rod 78, however an electric or hydraulic motor and a drive screw also could be employed. Alternatively the linear actuator 73 may be a manually operated device, such as a screw jack. One end of the cylinder 76 is pivotally connected to a bracket 80 which extends upward from the center of the upper beam 50. The remote end of the piston rod 78 is pivotally connected to the center of the first cross plate 72 extending between the upper first and third arms 60 and 62. Alternatively as shown in
With continuing reference to
Reversing the process by operating the cylinder 76 to retract the piston rod 78 causes the spreader 12 to move downward from the raised operating position in
Therefore, even if the spreader 12 is heavily loaded with sand, the lift mechanism 20 allows easy attachment and detachment to the rear of the work vehicle 10 without requiring additional lifting equipment.
With reference to
The hopper 102 is mounted on a body 110 which includes a horizontal support 112 to which a lift mechanism 124 is attached. The lift mechanism 124 has a frame 115 that includes a pair of tubular guides 114 and 116 and a first cross bar 122. The tubular guides 114 and 116 are connected to the forward edge of the horizontal support 112 and extend downward in a spaced-apart fashion. The first cross bar 122 is connected between the lower sections of the two tubular guides 114 and 116. Two brace rods 118 and 120 are to the rear of the horizontal support 112 and to opposite ends of the first cross bar 122. A pair of spaced-apart upper latch brackets 126 and 128 are secured to the first cross bar 122. Each upper latch bracket 126 and 128 is formed by two metal plates 130 and 132 welded at right angles to one another and to the first cross bar 122 of the spreader body. Each upper latch bracket 126 and 128 has pins 133 and 134 projecting horizontally there from.
The lift mechanism 124 includes a stand 135 having a pair of L-shaped legs 136 and 138 each having a vertical section 140 and 142, respectively, which pass through the tubular guides 114 and 116. The stand legs 136 and 138 have horizontal sections 144 and 146 project under the hopper 102 from the lower ends of the vertical sections 140 and 142, respectively. The horizontal sections 144 and 146 of the stand 135 rest on the ground 145 when the spreader 100 is detached from the work vehicle. A lower cross bar 148 and an upper cross bar 150 are connected between the vertical sections 140 and 142 being welded thereto. A first pair of brackets 152 are welded near one end of the lower cross bar 148 and has a pin 156 extending there between. A second pair of brackets 154 are welded near the other end the lower cross bar 148 and has another pin 158 extending there between. The upper cross bar 150 has two tabs 151 to which the upper end of a hydraulic cylinder 160 of a lift actuator 162 is pivotally attached. A piston rod 164 extends from the cylinder 160 and has a remote end that is pivotally connected to the tabs 151 on the upper first cross bar 122.
Vehicle hitch 170 has a pair of plates 172 and 174 mounted to a box beam 176 in much the same manner as with hitch 22 in the first embodiment 12 of the spreader. However in the second embodiment 100, each hitch plate 172 and 174 has a T-shaped tongue 178 that defines upper and lower slots 180 and 182. As will be described, the upper and lower slots 180 and 182 receive the pins 133, 134, 156 and 158 of the spreader lift mechanism 124.
To attach the spreader 100, the motor vehicle 10 is backed toward the spreader so that the hitch 170 is located between the upper latch brackets 126 and 128 and the lower latch brackets 152 and 154 as shown in
Movement of the stand 135 upward through the tubular supports 116 and 118 continues until the pins 156 and 158 of the lower latch brackets 152 and 154 enter the lower slots 182 of the hitch 170 as shown in
Reversal of the lift actuator 162 detaches the spreader 100 from the vehicle hitch 170. In this mode of operation, the rod 164 is retracted into the cylinder 160 thereby lowering the stand 135. Initially the lower latch pins 158 drop out of the lower hitch slots 182. After the stand 135 rests on the ground 145, continued retraction of the rod 164 raises the upper latch brackets 126 and 128 away from the hitch 170 into a detached position illustrated in
The foregoing description was primarily directed to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Although some attention was given to various alternatives within the scope of the invention, it is anticipated that one skilled in the art will likely realize additional alternatives that are now apparent from disclosure of embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims and not limited by the above disclosure.