Patent Application
20180133869
Often industrial bolting applications include threaded fasteners with limited clearance and/or accessibility issues. To tighten and loosen such fasteners, operators may use a hydraulic torque wrench of the prior art including an actuator and a ratchet linkage. These two components may be modular so they can be coupled and decoupled depending on their desired use. Such actuators may include one or more hydraulic cylinders and pistons. With the actuator installed on the linkage, a free end of the actuator's piston pivotally connects to a drive lever inside the linkage. As the piston moves reciprocally, it pushes this drive lever back and forth. In turn, a ratchet mechanism formed between the drive lever and a socket causes the socket to rotate and apply torque to the threaded fastener disposed in the socket.
Although the operation of such torque wrenches is effective, existing torque wrenches in the art have similar designs for the ratchet linkage. Such linkages have side plates that sandwich internal components of the linkage, and spacers can be used between the plates. The socket installs in between these plates and remains exposed through openings in the plates. This socket is formed between the threaded fastener to be turned and the internal drive lever and ratchet mechanism, which is held between the side plates so it can be turned. Other internal and external components may be found on or in such limited clearance tools.
Although common in the industry, this form of construction for limited clearance hydraulic torque wrenches of the prior art has limitations. Such torque wrench construction increases the overall width of the wrench and/or depth of the socket, which may limit the usefulness of the wrench in some situations. In some circumstances, an obstruction or feature may lie in close proximity to the object to be closed, such as a flange. This can lead to a reduced height and/or depth clearance between the object, nut, and exposed end of the bolt or bolt head that can limit access of a conventional limited clearance hydraulic torque wrench.
Accordingly, what is needed in a hydraulic torque wrench capable of use in tight clearances to improve access of the wrench to nuts and increase the wrench's usefulness in the field.
According to a first aspect of the invention we provide a low clearance face tooth ratchet assembly for link drive means of hydraulic torque tools. The face tooth ratchet assembly includes: a drive plate having piston engagement means at a first end and a machined face gear with radial serrations at a second end; and a ratchet drive having a machined face gear with corresponding radial serrations at a first end and a threaded fastener engagement means at a second end.
Advantageously the low clearance face tooth ratchet assembly minimizes volume and mass of the tool. Only one drive plate is necessary which is tapered from a first end to a second end. Further, side plates of the link drive means are tapered from a first end to a second end. Such geometry minimizes the width of portions of the link drive means making the second end, adjacent the threaded fastener engagement means, substantially thinner than the first end, adjacent the piston engagement means. Higher torque values are transferred in a smaller enclosure via only two parts. Notably no drive and/or reaction pawl is necessary as the teeth of the drive plate and the ratchet drive achieve full facial engagement. The design of the connection coupling is backlash-free, maximizes tool safety, minimizes risk of failures/fatigue from wear, bending, scuffing and cracking, and is suitable for changing forces.
Further features of the invention are set out in claims 2 to 10 appended hereto.
The invention may be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:
During the advance stroke corresponding teeth 117 and 123 of drive plate 110 and ratchet drive 120 nonrotatably engage relative to each other. Transmitted torque is proportional to the circumferential force, which is maximized compared with ratchet assemblies of the prior art. The angular surfaces of the teeth transmit a large portion of the circumferential force with positive locking. Tensioning media, such as, for example, disk (wave) springs, apply the required axial force to lock the teeth into torque transfer engagement. The teeth mesh around a ring and the torque capacity of the teeth increases with their diameter, arranged to accommodate the threaded fastener. Generally tapered, asymmetrical teeth are used with variable profile angles. The coupling is defined by the groove count, the outer diameter of the cylindrical feature, the bottom angle of the grooves (to the axis of the cylindrical feature) and their depth.
Advantageously low clearance face tooth ratchet assembly 100 minimizes volume and mass of torque tool 1. Only one drive plate 110, rather than two typical of the prior art, is necessary which is tapered from a first end to a second end. Further, side plates 51 and 52 of link drive means 50 are tapered from a first end to a second end. Such geometry minimizes the width of portions of link drive means 50 making second end 115, adjacent threaded fastener engagement means 126, substantially thinner than first end 111, adjacent piston engagement means 112. Higher torque values are transferred in a smaller enclosure via only two parts. Notably no drive and/or reaction pawl is necessary as teeth (serrations) 117 and 123 of drive plate 110 and ratchet drive 120 achieve full facial engagement. The design of the connection coupling is backlash-free, maximizes tool safety, minimizes risk of failures/fatigue from wear, bending, scuffing and cracking, and is suitable for changing forces.
The figures show face tooth ratchet link assembly 100 for use in low clearance hydraulic tools but may be adapted for use in square drive tools and links for use with both such tools powered either electrically, hydraulically, manually or pneumatically.
It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of constructions differing from the types described above. The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any combination of such features, be utilized for realizing the invention in diverse forms thereof.
While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a fluid operated tool, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.
When used in this specification and claims, the terms “comprising”, “including”, “having” and variations thereof mean that the specified features, steps or integers are included. The terms are not to be interpreted to exclude the presence of other features, steps or components.
This Application is a continuation-in-part application of the following co-owned and co-pending U.S. Patent Application, an entire copy of which is incorporated herein by reference: Ser. No. 62/168,008, having Filing Date of 29 May 2015, entitled “Apparatus for Tightening Threaded Fasteners”. Innovations disclosed in this Application advance technology disclosed in the following U.S. patent application, an entire copy of which is incorporated herein by reference: U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/023,375 having Filing Date of 8 Feb. 2011 entitled “Hydraulic Torque Wrench for Tight Clearance”.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US16/35062 | 5/31/2016 | WO | 00 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62168008 | May 2015 | US |
