This disclosure relates to applying corrosion inhibitors within tubulars, such as wellbores or flowlines.
When producing hydrocarbons, the interior of piping is often exposed to corrosive agents, such as carboxylic acid or hydrogen sulfide. The two ways to counteract these agents within the piping is to construct the piping out of a material compatible with the corrosive agents, or to inject corrosion inhibitor chemicals into the piping with the corrosive agents. Constructing the piping out of corrosion resistant materials incurs high capital cost. In addition, production fluid characteristics change over time. For example, a production facility may begin life processing non-corrosive fluids, only to be exposed to corrosion fluids later in life. Injecting corrosion inhibitor has a lower capital cost in comparison to constructing a facility with corrosion resistant materials, though the operation costs can be higher due to the continual injection of chemicals. Injecting corrosion inhibitor is also a flexible option. For example, corrosion inhibitor can be added or injected only in systems that are currently experiencing corrosive fluid production.
This disclosure describes technologies relating to applying corrosion inhibitor within tubulars.
An example implementation of the subject matter described within this disclosure is a tool system with the following features. A central tubular defines a central flow passage and spray nozzles along an outer circumference of the central tubular that fluidically connect the flow passage to an outside environment. The tubular is configured to receive fluid from a corrosion inhibitor pump and direct the fluid along an inner circumference of a tubular in which the tool is inserted. A first brush pig supports a first end of the central tubular. The first brush pig is configured to support the first end of the central tubular. A second brush pig supports a second end of the tubular. The second brush pig is configured to support the second end of the central tubular. An inflatable balloon is at the second end of the tubular. The inflatable balloon is encircled by the second brush pig. The inflatable balloon is configured to cause a first pressure drop across the balloon when in an inflated state and cause a second pressure drop, less than the first pressure drop, across the balloon when in a deflated state. A flow control system is at the first end of the tubular. The flow control system is configured to regulate fluid exchange with the tubular and fluid exchange with the inflatable balloon. The flow control system is configured to receive a chemical injection line connected to a corrosion inhibitor pump.
Aspects of the example tool system, which can be combined with the example tool system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The first brush pig includes an outer ring defining an inner surface and an outer surface. A brush emits from the outer surface of the ring. An inner ring is radially centered within the outer ring. The inner ring is configured to support the tubular. A support bar extends between an outer surface of the inner ring and an inner surface of the outer ring. The support bar supports the inner ring to the outer ring.
The second brush pig includes an outer ring defining an inner surface and an outer surface. A brush emits from the outer surface of the ring. An inner ring radially is radially centered within the outer ring. The inner ring is configured to support the tubular and the balloon. A first support bar extends between an outer surface of the inner ring and an inner surface of the outer ring. The support bar supports the inner ring to the outer ring. A second support bar extends between an outer surface of the inner ring and an inner surface of the outer ring. The support bar supports the inner ring to the outer ring. The first support bar and the second support bar axially retain the balloon. A solid disk is between the inner ring and the outer ring. The solid disk is supported by the outer ring. The solid disk surrounds the balloon.
Aspects of the example tool system, which can be combined with the example tool system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The flow control system includes a directional valve configured to direct fluid flow to the tubular or the inflatable balloon. A first check valve is between the directional control valve and the tubular. The first check valve is configured to direct fluid flow towards the tubular. A second check valve is between the directional control valve and the inflatable balloon. The second check valve is configured to direct fluid flow towards the balloon.
Aspects of the example tool system, which can be combined with the example tool system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The directional valve is an electronically controlled valve.
Aspects of the example tool system, which can be combined with the example tool system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The electronically controlled valve is configured to be controlled by a controller at a corrosion inhibitor pump.
Aspects of the example tool system, which can be combined with the example tool system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. A relief valve is at a downhole end of the tool. The relief valve is configured to release pressure from the inflatable balloon.
An example implementation of the subject matter described within this disclosure includes a method with the following features. A tool is received by a tubular. The tool includes a central tubular defining a central flow passage and spray nozzles fluidically connecting the flow passage to an outside environment. A first brush pig supports a first end of the tubular. A second brush pig supports a second end of the tubular. An inflatable balloon is at the second end of the tubular. The inflatable balloon is encircled by the second brush pig. A flow control system is at the first end of the tubular. The flow control system is configured to regulate fluid exchange with the tubular and fluid exchange with the inflatable balloon. The flow control system is configured to receive a chemical injection line. Corrosion inhibitor is applied to an inner surface of the tubular by the tool.
Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The balloon is inflated by the corrosion inhibitor. A pressure differential is created across the tool responsive to inflating the balloon. The tool is moved in a downhole direction responsive to the pressure differential.
Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. Applying corrosion inhibitor to an inner surface of the tubular includes spraying corrosion inhibitor, by the central tubular, onto an inner surface of the tubular. The corrosion inhibitor is spread by a brush along an outer surface of the first brush pig or the second brush pig.
Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The balloon is deflated by a relief valve fluidically coupled to the balloon. The tool is moved in an uphole direction by tension in a chemical supply line configured to supply corrosion inhibitor to the tool from a corrosion inhibitor pump.
Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The tubular includes a wellbore.
An example implementation of the subject matter described within this disclosure is an example system with the following features. A hose is coupled to a hose reel. A chemical injection pump is arranged to supply corrosion inhibitor through the hose. A tool includes a central tubular defining a central flow passage and spray nozzles fluidically connecting the flow passage to an outside environment. A first brush pig supports a first end of the tubular. A second brush pig supporting a second end of the tubular. An inflatable balloon is at the second end of the tubular. The inflatable balloon is encircled by the second brush pig. A flow control system is at the first end of the tubular. The flow control system is configured to regulate fluid exchange with the tubular and fluid exchange with the inflatable balloon. The flow control system is configured to receive a chemical injection line.
Aspects of the example system, which can be combined with the example system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The first brush pig includes an outer ring defining an inner surface and an outer surface. A brush emits from the outer surface of the ring. An inner ring is radially centered within the outer ring. The inner ring is configured to support the tubular. A support bar extends between an outer surface of the inner ring and an inner surface of the outer ring. The support bar supports the inner ring to the outer ring.
Aspects of the example system, which can be combined with the example system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The second brush pig includes an outer ring defining an inner surface and an outer surface. A brush emits from the outer surface of the ring. An inner ring is radially centered within the outer ring. The inner ring is configured to support the balloon. A support bar extends between an outer surface of the inner ring and an inner surface of the outer ring. The support bar supports the inner ring to the outer ring. A solid disk is between the inner ring and the outer ring. The solid disk is supported by the outer ring.
Aspects of the example system, which can be combined with the example system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The flow control system includes a directional valve configured to direct fluid flow to the tubular or the inflatable balloon. A first check valve is between the directional control valve and the tubular. The first check valve is configured to direct fluid flow towards the tubular. A second check valve is between the directional control valve and the inflatable balloon. The second check valve is configured to direct fluid flow towards the balloon.
Aspects of the example system, which can be combined with the example system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The directional valve is an electronically controlled valve.
Aspects of the example system, which can be combined with the example system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. The electronically controlled valve is configured to be controlled by a controller at a corrosion inhibitor pump.
Aspects of the example system, which can be combined with the example system alone or in combination with other aspects, include the following. A relief valve is at a downhole end of the tool. The relief valve is configured to release pressure from the inflatable balloon.
Particular implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented so as to realize one or more of the following advantages. The subject matter described herein allows for an even distribution of fresh corrosion inhibitor across an entire interior surface of a tubular. The subject matter described herein reduces the amount of corrosion inhibitor needed to be effective compared to traditional methods. Alternatively or in addition, the subject matter described herein allows for control of travel rate, spray rate, and travel direction of an in-pipe tool. The subject matter described herein allows for simultaneous cleaning of an interior surface of a tubular while coating with corrosion inhibitor
The details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims.
Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicate like elements.
Based on current injection techniques which take place at well sites, the injected corrosion inhibitor doesn't cover the entire internal tubular surface. This happens because liquid nonvolatile corrosion inhibitors settle at the bottom portion of the tubular due to gravity leaving the gas exposed or upper pipeline surface without contact with the injected corrosion inhibitor and in a direct contact with the flow corrosive agents, such as Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and Acetic Acid (HAc) in the presence of condensed water droplets due to the flow temperature drop along the pipeline.
This disclosure relates to a system and method for applying and evenly spreading corrosion inhibitor along an inner surface of a tubular, such as a well casing or pipe. The system includes a tool with a central tubular configured to receive fresh corrosion inhibitor from a corrosion inhibitor pump. The central tubular defines a central flow passage and nozzles that allow fluids, such as corrosion inhibitor fluids, to spray evenly in all directions. The central tubular is supported at each end by brush pigs. As the tool is moved through a tubular, the brush pigs evenly coat the internal surface of the tubular.
Within the second brush pig 206 is an inflatable balloon 208. That is, the inflatable balloon 208 is encircled by the second brush pig 206. The inflatable balloon 208 is configured to cause a first pressure drop across the balloon when in an inflated state. That is, during operation, the tool 200 can be moved by applying a pressure either uphole or downhole of the inflatable balloon 208 when in the inflated state, and the tool 200 moves in response to the pressure differential. The inflatable balloon 208, in some instances, is in a deflated state. In such instances, a pressure drop across the tool 200 decreases. That is, the pressure drop across the tool 200 when the inflatable balloon 208 is in a deflated state is less than the pressure drop across the tool 200 when the inflatable balloon is in the inflated state. Such instances can be used, for example, when flowing additional fluids down the wellbore, such as diesel for pickling operations. Alternatively or in addition, such instances are used, for example, to reduce torque on the motor 210 and hose reel 106 when the tool 200 is being retrieved. More details about states of the inflatable balloon 208, and how the inflatable balloon 208 is actuated between these states, is described throughout this disclosure. In some implementations, a system controller 216 monitors and controls aspects of the system 100, such as the motor 210 or the pump 104 (
A flow control system 212 is at the first end of the central tubular 202. The flow control system 212 is configured to regulate fluid exchange with the central tubular 202, the inflatable balloon 208, and the corrosion inhibitor hose 108. That is, the flow control system 212 is configured to receive a chemical injection line connected the injection pump 104 (
At the second end of the tool 200 (downhole-end depending on operations) is a relief valve 214. The relief valve 214 is configured to release pressure and fluid from the inflatable balloon 208. That is, the relief valve 214 is opened to change the inflatable balloon 208 from the inflated state to the deflated state.
The flow control system 212 also includes a first check valve 306 between the directional control valve 304 and the tubular 110. The first check valve 306 is configured to direct fluid flow towards the tubular 110 and away from the directional valve 304. That is, the first check valve 306 reduces the likelihood or fully prevents fluids from flowing back from the central tubular 202 towards the directional valve 304. A second check valve 308 is between the directional control valve 304 and the inflatable balloon 208, the second check valve 308 configured to direct fluid flow towards the inflatable balloon 208 and away from the directional valve 304. That is, the second check valve 308 reduces the likelihood or fully prevents fluid from flowing back from the inflatable balloon towards the directional valve 304.
In some implementations, the relief valve 214 is an electronically controlled valve. In some implementations, the relief valve 214 is a hydraulically, pneumatically, or mechanically controlled valve. Regardless of the type of valves used, in some implementations, the relief valve 214 is controlled by the controller 216 at the corrosion inhibitor pump. In some implementations, a controller can be included physically with the tool 200. Alternatively or in addition, the relief valve can include a frangible component, such as a rupture disk or shear pin, to operate the relief valve 214.
The second brush pig 206 has two support bars 608. A first support bar 608a extends between an outer surface of the inner ring 606 and an inner surface of the outer ring 602. A second support bar 608b extends between the outer surface of the inner ring 606 and an inner surface of the outer ring 602. The first support bar 608a and the second support bar 608b axially retain the inflatable balloon 208. In some implementations, a solid disk 610 is between the inner ring 606 and the outer ring 602. The solid disk 610 is supported by the outer ring 602 and surrounds the inflatable balloon 208. In some implementations, the disk 610 is axially retained by the first support bar 608a and the second support bar 608b.
During operation, in some instances, the inflatable balloon 208 is inflated with corrosion inhibitor pumped from the pump 104. The inflated inflatable balloon 208 creates a pressure differential across the tool 200 responsive to inflating the balloon. In some instances, this pressure differential is used to move the tool in a downhole or downstream direction (depending on the use case).
Alternatively or in addition, in some instances, the inflatable balloon 208 is deflated by the relief valve 214 fluidically coupled to the inflatable balloon 208. The deflation lowers the pressure drop across the tool 200. As such, in some instances, the tool is moved in an uphole or upstream direction by tension in the chemical supply line (hose 108) configured to supply corrosion inhibitor to the tool 200 from the pump 104. The decreased pressure drop reduces the torque on the motor 210 and the reel 106 during retrieval operations. The combination of tension and control of pressure differential allows the tool 200 to have a controllable speed in both a forward (downpipe, downhole) or backward (uphole, up-pipe) direction.
While this disclosure contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any inventions or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular implementations of particular inventions. Certain features that are described in this disclosure in the context of separate implementations can also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the implementations described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single product or packaged into multiple software products.
Thus, particular implementations of the subject matter have been described. Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results.
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