Patent Application
20180028667
The present invention relates to an aqueous liquid preparation showing improved stability of N-[5-({2-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)amino]imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl}oxy)-2-methylphenyl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (to be also referred to as compound A in the present specification) and a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation, a method of stabilizing compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid, and a stabilizer of compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid.
It is known that compound A and a salt thereof have a strong kinase inhibitory activity, and are useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of cancer, prophylaxis or treatment of diabetic retinopathy and the like (patent document 1). However, since compound A and a salt thereof are poorly water soluble, an aqueous liquid preparation thereof, particularly stability in an aqueous liquid, has not been specifically studied.
patent document 1: WO 2008/016192
The present inventors have studied an aqueous liquid preparation containing compound A or a salt thereof and found that the content of compound A or a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation problematically decreases day by day.
An object of the present invention is to solve such problem as a new finding and provide an aqueous liquid preparation showing improved stability of compound A and a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation (in other words, a decrease in the content of compound A and a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation is suppressed). Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of stabilizing compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid, and a stabilizer of compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid.
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in an attempt to solve the aforementioned problems and found that compound A and a salt thereof are stabilized in an aqueous liquid preparation (in other words, a decrease in the content of compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid preparation is suppressed) by adding ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof. The present inventors have also found that compound A and a salt thereof are stabilized more in an oil-in-water type emulsion added with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof. The present inventors have further conducted intensive studies based on the above-mentioned findings and completed the present invention.
Accordingly, the present invention provides the following.
According to the present invention, an aqueous liquid preparation showing improved stability of compound A and a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation can be provided by adding ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof to the aqueous liquid preparation (preferably oil-in-water type emulsion) containing compound A or a salt thereof.
In the present invention, the “aqueous liquid” is a liquid containing water and, for example, water and oil-in-water type milky liquid can be mentioned. The aqueous liquid refers to a liquid containing generally not more than 50 mass %, preferably not more than 25 mass %, of a substance other than water and a continuous aqueous phase.
In the present invention, moreover, the “aqueous liquid preparation” refers to an aqueous liquid in an embodiment of a pharmaceutical preparation containing compound A or a salt thereof, and includes aqueous solution, suspension, emulsion (e.g., oil-in-water type emulsion) and the like.
The aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention contains compound A or a salt thereof.
The content of compound A or a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention is generally 0.002-2 w/v %, preferably 0.005-0.2 w/v %, further preferably 0.005-0.1 w/v %, relative to the total amount of the aqueous liquid preparation.
In the present invention, as a salt of compound A, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt can be mentioned, for example, salts with inorganic acids, salts with organic acids, salts with basic or acidic amino acid and the like can be mentioned. Preferable examples of the salts with inorganic acids include salts with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like. Preferable examples of the salts with organic acids include salts with formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and the like. Preferable examples of the salts with basic amino acids include salts with arginine, lysine, ornithine and the like, and preferable examples of the salts with acidic amino acids include salts with aspartic acid, glutamic acid and the like.
The aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention contains ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof.
In the present invention, examples of the salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid include sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt and magnesium salt, with preference given to sodium salt.
In the present invention, examples of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate, with preference given to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate.
The content of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention is generally 0.001-0.2 w/v %, preferably 0.005-0.05 w/v %, further preferably 0.01-0.03 w/v %, further more preferably 0.01-0.02 w/v %, relative to the total amount of the aqueous liquid preparation.
Since the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention shows a stabilizing effect on compound A and a salt thereof more remarkably in an emulsion by the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof, an oil-in-water type emulsion is preferable.
Examples of the oil component in the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention include castor oil, rape seed oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, olive oil, liquid paraffin, medium-chain triglyceride, fatty acid (e.g., ricinoleic acid, oleic acid), and aliphatic alcohol (e.g., oleyl alcohol), with preference given to castor oil. The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention containing castor oil as the oil component is superior in that it suppresses a decrease in the content of compound A and a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation over days. Since compound A and a salt thereof show superior solubility, castor oil is preferably used as the oil component.
The content of the oil component of the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention is generally 0.1-50% w/v %, preferably 0.5-20% w/v %, further preferably 1-10% w/v %, relative to the total amount of the aqueous liquid preparation.
The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention generally contains an emulsifier.
As the emulsifier, surfactants such as a nonionic surfactant having surfactant capability and the like can be blended. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oils, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester (e.g., sorbitan polyoxyethylene monooleates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurates, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monopalmitates, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monostearates etc.) and the like. Examples of the sorbitan polyoxyethylene monooleates include polysorbate 80. As the emulsifier, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monooleates (particularly, polysorbate 80) are preferable.
The content of the emulsifier in the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention is generally 20-200 w/w %, preferably 30-150 w/w %, further preferably 60-120 w/w %, relative to the oil component.
The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention can contain a buffering agent. Examples of the buffering agent include acetates such as sodium acetate and the like, phosphates such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium monohydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium monohydrogen phosphate and the like, amino-acid salts such as epsilon-aminocapronic acid, sodium glutamate and the like, boric acid and a salt thereof, citric acid and a salt thereof and the like, and sodium acetate is preferable.
The content of the buffering agent in the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention is generally 0.01-1 w/v %, preferably 0.02-0.5 w/v %, further preferably 0.05-0.2 w/v %, relative to the total amount of the aqueous liquid preparation.
The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention can contain an isotonicity agent. Examples of the isotonicity agent include sodium chloride, glycerin (e.g., concentrated glycerin), propylene glycol, glucose, mannitol, sorbitol and the like, with preference given to glycerin (e.g., concentrated glycerin).
The content of the isotonicity agent in the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention is such an amount that renders the osmotic pressure of the aqueous liquid preparation generally 200-400 mOsm, preferably 250-350 mOsm, further preferably 270-330 mOsm.
The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention can contain a water-soluble polymer to increase emulsion stability. Examples of the water-soluble polymer include povidone(polyvinylpyrrolidone), poly(vinyl alcohol), hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and a salt thereof and the like.
The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention can contain a preservative. Examples of the preservative include quaternary ammonium salts such as benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride and the like, cation compounds such as chlorhexidine gluconate and the like, para-hydroxybenzoate such as methyl para-hydroxybenzoate, propyl para-hydroxybenzoate and the like, alcohol compounds such as chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol and the like, sodium dehydroacetate, thimerosal, sorbic acid and the like.
The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention can contain various other additives such as stabilizer, antioxidant, pH adjuster, thickener and the like. Examples of the antioxidant include ascorbic acid and a salt thereof, tocopherol, sodium thiosulfate, sodium bisulfite, pyruvic acid and a salt thereof and the like. Examples of the pH adjuster include hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide; sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, aqueous ammonia and the like.
The pH of the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention is preferably 3-8, further preferably 4-6.
The median diameter of the oil drop in the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention is preferably 0.0001-5 μm, further more preferably 0.001-1 μm, particularly preferably 0.01-1 μm. The median diameter can be measured using a particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
The oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention can be prepared using a known method. For example, the oil-in-water type emulsion of the present invention can be prepared by emulsifying an oil component, in which compound A or a salt thereof is dissolved, in water, in which ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof is dissolved, by using an emulsifier. For example, an emulsifier; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof; and the above-mentioned additives as necessary are added to water, oil, in which compound A or a salt thereof is dissolved, is added and the mixture can be emulsified. To perform uniform emulsification, a known means such as homomixer, homogenizer, microfluidizer, high-pressure homogenizer and the like can be used.
When the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention is an aqueous solution containing compound A or a salt thereof (hereinafter to be also referred to as the aqueous solution of the present invention), various additives generally used such as buffering agent, isotonicity agent, pH adjuster, surfactant and the like may be added as appropriate. As the buffering agent, isotonicity agent, and pH adjuster, those similar to the examples recited above for the oil-in-water type emulsion can be mentioned.
As the surfactant, nonionic surfactants can be mentioned. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oils and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, preferably sorbitan polyoxyethylene monooleates (e.g., polysorbate 80), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurates, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monopalmitates, sorbitan polyoxyethylene monostearates and the like.
The content of the buffering agent in the aqueous solution of the present invention is generally 0.01-1 w/v %, preferably 0.02-0.5 w/v %, further preferably 0.05-0.2 w/v %, relative to the total amount of the aqueous liquid preparation.
The content of the isotonicity agent in the aqueous solution of the present invention is such an amount that renders the osmotic pressure of the aqueous liquid preparation generally 200-400 mOsm, preferably 250-350 mOsm, further preferably 270-330 mOsm.
The content of the surfactant in the aqueous solution of the present invention is generally 0.05-10 w/v % relative to the total amount of the aqueous liquid preparation.
The pH of the aqueous solution of the present invention is preferably 3-8, further preferably 4-6.
The aqueous solution of the present invention can be prepared by a known method, by dissolving compound A or a salt thereof; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof; and the above-mentioned additives as necessary in water.
In the present invention, the amounts of the additives and each component according to the above-mentioned aqueous solution are applied to the suspension.
The aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention can be used as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of, for example, ophthalmic diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and the like in mammals (human, dog, rabbit, bovine, horse, monkey, cat, sheep etc.).
While the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention can be formulated in the dosage form of an aqueous liquid preparation for oral administration or parenteral administration, when compound A or a salt thereof is used for ophthalmic diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and the like, eye drop is preferable.
While the dose of the aqueous liquid preparation of the present invention varies depending on the kind of disease, symptom, and age, body weight and the like of patients, for example, when it is used as an eye drop to an adult, an eye drop containing about 0.002-2 w/v % of compound A or a salt thereof is desirably administered by instillation of 1-2 drops per administration for one eye of a patient about 1-4 times per day according to the symptom.
The present invention also relates to a method of stabilizing compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid, which is characterized by adding compound A or a salt thereof, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof to an aqueous liquid.
The order of addition is not particularly limited. For example, compound A or a salt thereof can be added to an aqueous liquid, to which ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof is added in advance; or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof, and compound A or a salt thereof can be simultaneously added to an aqueous liquid.
When the aqueous liquid is an oil-in-water type milky liquid, compound A or a salt thereof is dissolved in oil and then added.
Formulating in the method of the present invention is performed in an embodiment similar to that of an aqueous liquid preparation. For example, the amount of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof follows the amounts indicated for the aqueous liquidpreparation.
The method may include a step of confirming stabilization (e.g., a step of measuring the content of compound A or a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid, a step of measuring the residual ratio of compound A or a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid, a step of measuring the half-life of compound A or a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid etc.). The step of measuring the content, the step of measuring the residual ratio, and the step of measuring the half-life can be performed according to, for example, the below-mentioned Experimental Example 1.
The present invention further relates to a stabilizer of compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid, which contains ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof.
The stabilizer of the present invention contains at least ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof, and may further contain various additives such as buffering agent, isotonicity agent, pH adjuster, surfactant and the like.
The stabilizer can be used in an embodiment similar to that of formulating an aqueous liquid preparation.
The present invention further relates to a stabilizer of compound A and a salt thereof in an aqueous liquid, which contains ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof, and castor oil in combination.
The stabilizer exhibits a stabilizing effect of castor oil on the oil phase of an oil-in-water type emulsion, in addition to the stabilization by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof or a hydrate thereof.
While the present invention is explained more concretely in the following by referring to Examples, Comparative Examples, Experimental Examples, and Reference Examples, the present invention is not limited to them.
Compound A is N-[5-({2-[(cyclopropylcarbonyl)amino]imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl}oxy)-2-methylphenyl]-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide. The sodium edetate is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate.
According to the formulation shown in Table 1, compound A, polysorbate 80, concentrated glycerin, sodium acetate, sodium edetate were added to and dissolved in purified water, and the mixture was adjusted to pH 5.5 with hydrochloric acid to give the aqueous liquid preparations of Examples 1 and 2 (compound A-containing aqueous solutions).
According to the formulation shown in Table 1, polysorbate 80, concentrated glycerin, sodium acetate, sodium edetate were added to and dissolved in purified water to give an aqueous phase. Separately, according to the formulation shown in Table 1, compound A was added to and dissolved in castor oil to give an oil phase. The oil phase was added while stirring the aqueous phase by T.K. ROBOMIX (manufactured by PRIMIX Corporation) to give a crude emulsion. The crude emulsion was processed into fine particles by FILMIX (manufactured by PRIMIX Corporation), and adjusted to pH 5.5 with hydrochloric acid to give aqueous liquid preparations (compound A-containing oil-in-water type emulsions) of Examples 3 and 4.
According to the formulation shown in Table 1 and in the same manner as in Examples 1-4 except that sodium edetate was not used, the aqueous liquid preparations (compound A-containing aqueous solutions) of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the aqueous liquid preparations (compound A-containing oil-in-water type emulsions) of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were obtained.
The aqueous liquid preparations obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were each filled in a glass ampoule, and stored at 60° C. for 5 days, 7 days, 14 days. The content of compound A in the samples after preservation was measured by the following method.
Each sample (2 mL) after the above-mentioned storage was accurately measured, ethanol was added precisely to 20 mL.
Compound A (about 0.02 g) was precisely measured, ethanol was added and the compound was dissolved accurately to 20 mL (standard stock solution). The standard stock solution was diluted with injector washing solution by the method shown in Table 2 to give standard solutions (STD-1-STD-5).
The sample solution and standard solution (20 μL) were subjected to a test by a liquid chromatography method under the following conditions, and the peak area (AT) of compound A in the sample solution was obtained. Similarly, the peak areas (AS1-AS5) of compound A in the standard solutions (STD-1-STD-5) were obtained, a standard curve was plotted, and the content and residual ratio of compound A in the sample solution were calculated from the y section and slope of the standard curve.
The number of days of storage of stored sample at 60° C. was taken on the X axis, and the logarithmic values of the residual ratio of compound A in the samples stored at 60° C. for 5 days, 7 days, 14 days were each taken on the Y axis, and the slope of the straight line connecting those points was calculated as the reaction rate constant (k). The half-life (t1/2) of compound A in the solution was calculated from k.
half-life (t1/2) of compound A in solution=ln 2/k
The results are shown in Tables 3-6.
In the aqueous liquid preparation, a decrease in the content of compound A was observed over days. However, the ratio of decrease decreased by the addition of sodium edetate. Particularly, the half-life of compound A in the 0.005%, 0.01% aqueous solutions was extended 1.40-fold (Table 3) and 3.57-fold (Table 4), as compared to no addition of sodium edetate.
The stability of compound A was improved more in the oil-in-water type emulsion than in the aqueous solution. An extension effect of 12.9-fold (Table 5, comparison of Comparative Example 3 and Example 3) and 12.1-fold (Table 6, comparison of Comparative Example 4 and Example 4) in the half-life of compound A in 0.005%, 0.01% oil-in-water type emulsion was seen by the addition of sodium edetate as compared to no addition of sodium edetate.
It was found that the stabilizing effect of sodium edetate on compound A in the solution was remarkably higher in the oil-in-water type emulsion than in the aqueous solution.
In addition, the residual ratio of compound A in Example 4, which was preserved at 60° C. for 14 days, was 97.3%, and compound A was stable in the preparation.
An excess amount (about 0.2 g) of compound A was added to various solvents (10 g) described in Table 7, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 24 hr. Thereafter, the solvent was filtered off through a 0.45 μm non-aqueous filter while maintaining the temperature. The content of compound A contained in the filtrate was measured in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, and the solubility of compound A in various solvents was calculated.
The results are shown in Table 7.
The aqueous liquid preparation (e.g., eye drop) containing compound A or a salt thereof of the present invention improves the stability of compound A or a salt thereof in the aqueous liquid preparation, and is useful as a medicament.
This application is based on a patent application No. 2014-250377 filed in Japan, the contents of which are incorporated in full herein.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2014-250377 | Dec 2014 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/084618 | 12/10/2015 | WO | 00 |
