1. Field
The disclosed concept pertains generally to electrical switching apparatus and, more particularly, to arc baffling devices for use in such switching apparatus.
2. Background Information
Electrical switching apparatus, such as circuit breakers, provide protection for electrical systems from electrical fault conditions such as, for example, current overloads, short circuits, and abnormal level voltage conditions.
Circuit breakers, for example, typically include a set of stationary electrical contacts and a set of movable electrical contacts. The stationary and movable electrical contacts are in physical and electrical contact with one another when it is desired that the circuit breaker energize a power circuit. When it is desired to interrupt the power circuit, the movable contacts and stationary contacts are separated. Upon initial separation of the movable contacts away from the stationary contacts, an electrical arc is formed in the space between the contacts. The arc provides a means for smoothly transitioning from a closed circuit to an open circuit, but produces a number of challenges to the circuit breaker designer. Among such challenges is the fact that the arc results in the undesirable flow of electrical current through the circuit breaker to the load. Additionally, the arc, which extends between the contacts, often results in vaporization or sublimation of the contact material itself. Therefore, it is desirable to dissipate and extinguish any such arcs as soon as possible upon their propagation.
To facilitate this process, circuit breakers typically include arc chute assemblies which are structured to attract and break-up the arcs. Specifically, the movable contacts of the circuit breaker are mounted on arms that are contained in a pivoting assembly which pivots the movable contacts past or through arc chutes as they move into and out of electrical contact with the stationary contacts. Each arc chute includes a plurality of spaced apart arc plates mounted in a wrapper. In operation, as the movable contact is moved away from the stationary contact, the movable contact moves past the ends of the arc plates, with the arc being magnetically drawn toward and between the arc plates. The arc plates are electrically insulated from one another such that the arc is broken-up and extinguished by the arc plates. Examples of arc chutes are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,034,242; 6,703,576; and 6,297,465.
Additionally, along with the generation of the arc itself, ionized gases, which can cause excessive heat and additional arcing and, therefore, are harmful to electrical components, are formed as a byproduct of the arcing event. The ionized gases produced during an arcing event can undesirably strike to the ground and create ground fault issues. Additionally, debris, such as, for example, molten metal particles or plasma, may be created during the arcing event and thus may be readily transported by the ionized gases. The uncontrolled release of such ionized gases and molten particles can be extremely harmful to components and/or personnel positioned nearby the circuit breaker during an arcing event.
There is a need, therefore, to provide mechanisms which control and defuse the ionized gases and plasma before leaving the housing of the circuit breaker.
Accordingly, there is room for improvement in arc baffles for arc chute assemblies, and in arc chute assemblies for electrical switching apparatus, such as circuit breakers.
These needs and others are met by embodiments of the disclosed concept, which provides for controlling and cooling of the ionized plasma as it exits an arc chute.
In accordance with one aspect of the disclosed concept, an arc baffle comprises: a first baffle member having a number of first venting holes disposed therein, each of the first venting holes being structured to receive ionized gases produced by an arcing event; a second baffle member having a number of second venting holes disposed therein; a section of porous material disposed between the first baffle member and the second baffle member; and a cover disposed adjacent the second baffle member on the opposite side of the section of porous material, the cover having a number of openings disposed adjacent the second venting holes. The first venting holes are laterally spaced from the second venting holes by a predetermined distance such that ionized gases produced by the arcing event passing through one of the first venting holes must travel at minimum the predetermined distance generally along the section of porous material before passing through one of the second venting holes.
The number of first venting holes may be disposed offset from a centerline of the first baffle member toward a first end thereof and the number of second venting holes may be disposed offset from a centerline of the second baffle member toward a second end thereof.
Each of the first baffle member and the second baffle member may be of generally planar shape.
The section of porous material may comprises a plurality of generally planar mesh screens.
The plurality of generally planar mesh screens may be disposed generally parallel with respect to, and between, the first baffle member and the second baffle member.
Each of the mesh screens may be formed from steel and glass reinforced polyester.
The cover may include a cavity portion disposed on an underside thereof adjacent the number of openings and the second baffle member and the section of porous material may be housed within the cavity portion.
The first baffle member may be coupled to the cover via a number of fasteners.
The cover may further include a number of tabs structured to engage corresponding apertures formed in portions of an arc chute.
In accordance with another aspect of the disclosed concept, an arc chute comprises: a first sidewall; a second sidewall; a plurality of electrically conductive arc plates disposed between, and supported by the first sidewall and the second sidewall, the plurality of electrically conductive arc plates being structured to attract an arc produced by an arcing event resulting from the separation of electrical contacts disposed adjacent thereto; and an arc baffle disposed adjacent the plurality of electrically conductive arc plates. The arc baffle comprises: a first baffle member having a number of first venting holes disposed therein, each of the first venting holes being structured to receive ionized gases produced by the arcing event; a second baffle member having a number of second venting holes disposed therein; a section of porous material disposed between the first baffle member and the second baffle member; and a cover disposed adjacent the second baffle member on the opposite side of the section of porous material, the cover having a number of openings disposed adjacent the second venting holes. The first venting holes are laterally spaced from the second venting holes by a predetermined distance such that ionized gases produced by the arcing event passing through one of the first venting holes must travel at minimum the predetermined distance generally along the section of porous material before passing through one of the second venting holes.
The cover may further include a number of tabs extending from opposing sides thereof, the first sidewall may include a first aperture, the second sidewall may include a second aperture, and the cover may be coupled to the first sidewall and the second sidewall via engagement of the tabs with the first and second apertures.
The number of first venting holes may be disposed offset from a centerline of the first baffle member toward a first end thereof and the number of second venting holes may be disposed offset from a centerline of the second baffle member toward a second end thereof.
Each of the first baffle member and the second baffle member may be of generally planar shape.
The section of porous material may comprise a plurality of generally planar mesh screens.
The plurality of generally planar mesh screens may be disposed generally parallel with respect to, and between, the first baffle member and the second baffle member.
The cover may include a cavity portion disposed on an underside thereof adjacent the number of openings, and the second baffle member and the section of porous material may be housed within the cavity portion.
The first baffle member may be coupled to the cover via a number of fasteners.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the disclosed concept, an electrical switching apparatus comprises: separable electrical contacts disposed within a housing and an arc chute disposed adjacent the separable electrical contacts. The arc chute comprises: a first sidewall; a second sidewall; a plurality of electrically conductive arc plates disposed between, and supported by the first sidewall and the second sidewall, the plurality of electrically conductive arc plates being structured to attract an arc produced by an arcing event resulting from the separation of the electrical contacts disposed adjacent thereto; and an arc baffle disposed adjacent the plurality of electrically conductive arc plates. The arc baffle comprises: a first baffle member having a number of first venting holes disposed therein, each of the first venting holes being structured to receive ionized gases produced by the arcing event; a second baffle member having a number of second venting holes disposed therein; a section of porous material disposed between the first baffle member and the second baffle member; and a cover disposed adjacent the second baffle member on the opposite side of the section of porous material, the cover having a number of openings disposed adjacent the second venting holes. The first venting holes are laterally spaced from the second venting holes by a predetermined distance such that ionized gases produced by the arcing event passing through one of the first venting holes must travel at minimum the predetermined distance generally along the section of porous material before passing through one of the second venting holes.
The cover may further include a number of tabs extending from opposing sides thereof, the first sidewall may include a first aperture, the second sidewall may include a second aperture, and the cover may be coupled to the first sidewall and the second sidewall via engagement of the tabs with the first and second apertures.
The cover may further include an opening and the arc baffle may be coupled to the housing via a fastener disposed in the opening.
Each of the first baffle member and the second baffle member may be of generally planar shape and the section of porous material may comprise a plurality of generally planar mesh screens disposed generally parallel with respect to, and between, the first baffle member and the second baffle member.
The cover may include a cavity portion disposed on an underside thereof adjacent the number of openings, the second baffle member and the section of porous material may be housed within the cavity portion, and the first baffle member may be coupled to the cover via a number of fasteners.
These and other objects, features, and characteristics of the disclosed concept, as well as the methods of operation and functions of the related elements of structure and the combination of parts and economies of manufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of the following description and the appended claims with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which form a part of this specification, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the various figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the disclosed concept.
A full understanding of the disclosed concept can be gained from the following description of the preferred embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
For purposes of illustration, embodiments of the disclosed concept will be described as applied to arc chute assemblies for molded case circuit breakers, although it will become apparent that they could also be applied to a wide variety of electrical switching apparatus (e.g., without limitation, circuit switching devices and other circuit interrupters, such as contactors, motor starters, motor controllers and other load controllers) having an arc chute.
Directional phrases used herein, such as, for example, left, right, top, bottom, front, back and derivatives thereof, relate to the orientation of the elements shown in the drawings and are not limiting upon the claims unless expressly recited therein.
As employed herein, the statement that two or more parts are “coupled” together shall mean that the parts are joined together either directly or joined through one or more intermediate parts.
As employed herein, the term “ionized” means completely or partially converted into ions and being at least somewhat electrically conductive such as, for example, ionized gases generated by arcing between separable electrical contacts of a circuit breaker when opened.
As employed herein, the term “number” shall mean one or an integer greater than one (i.e., a plurality).
As employed herein, the term “fastener” refers to any suitable connecting or tightening mechanism expressly including, but not limited to, screws, bolts, nuts (e.g., without limitation, lock nuts) and combinations thereof.
As employed herein, the term “laterally spaced” means separated by a distance toward a side of the object. In instances where two objects lying in different generally parallel planes are said to be “laterally spaced”, such spacing shall refer to the distance between such objects if superimposed on a single plane.
Referring to
In order to control and defuse ionized gases created by an arcing event before exiting housing 4 of the circuit breaker 2, arc chute assembly 20 further includes an arc baffle 100 for defusing and selectively discharging ionized gasses (generally indicated by the arrows 16 in
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Cover 108 may be formed via a molding process (e.g., without limitation, made of a suitable insulating material, such as, for example, glass filled polyester). Referring to
Continuing to refer to
As shown in
While specific embodiments of the disclosed concept have been described in detail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and alternatives to those details could be developed in light of the overall teachings of the disclosure. Accordingly, the particular arrangements disclosed are meant to be illustrative only and not limiting as to the scope of the disclosed concept which is to be given the full breadth of the claims appended and any and all equivalents thereof.
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Entry |
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European Patent Office, “International Search Report and Written Opinion”, Jan. 9, 2015, 12 pp. |
Number | Date | Country | |
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20150136740 A1 | May 2015 | US |