Patent Application
20060138802
The present invention relates to automotive interior trim and more particularly, to an armrest assembly and to components thereof.
Armrests are incorporated into vehicles for ergonomic reasons and comfort and convenience of both drivers and passengers. Armrests may be attached to or integrally formed as part of an interior door panel, a seat assembly, or a center console. Some armrests may be stationary, fixed, collapsed, extended, or rotated depending on the mounting location and the system that it is incorporated within.
A traditional armrest assembly consists of four main components, a main substrate, a foam backplate, an armrest casing, and a foam element. The main substrate provides support and structure to the armrest. The foam backplate is coupled to the main substrate and the combination thereof is inserted into an armrest casing. The foam element resides within a cavity formed by the coupling of the substrate, the backplate, and the casing. The foam element provides flexibility, energy absorption, and occupant comfort.
A common process utilized to manufacture and assemble a vehicle armrest, such as that contained within or on a door assembly, includes five main tasks. The process begins with the injection molding of the main substrate. A plastic material is injected into a mold, which is then cured to form the main substrate. The second task includes the “over molding” of the armrest casing, often formed of a vinyl material, over the main substrate. Following the over molding of the armrest casing, the foam backplate is attached or fastened to the substrate. The fourth task includes the injection of expandable foam through the backplate into the cavity between the substrate, the casing, and the backplate. The foam expands within the cavity and has a resulting exterior shape that is substantially similar or identical to the internal shape of the cavity. Finally, the foam is cured to form the finished armrest.
Although the foam element can provide the desired characteristics for an armrest, such as flexibility and energy absorption, the process used to form and cure the foam element is time consuming and costly. The amount of time required to inject and allow the foam element to cure can be as much as several minutes. In addition, the type of material utilized to form the foam element can also be costly.
As it is known in the art, it is desirable to minimize manufacturing time and costs. Thus, there exists a need for an improved armrest and process of forming an armrest that reduces manufacturing and assembly time and costs, as well as material costs.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an armrest for a vehicle is provided. The armrest includes a substrate, an armrest casing, and an insert. The armrest casing has an upper portion with an arm-resting surface. The insert includes a non-foam material and resides between the substrate and the upper portion. The armrest casing covers a portion of the substrate and the insert.
The embodiments of the present invention provide several advantages. One such advantage is the provision of an armrest having an insert that is formed of a non-foam material. Since the insert is formed of a non-foam material, the insert may be formed using a quick forming and curing process, such as injection molding or the like. The insert is thus quickly formed and cured, which reduces manufacturing time and costs.
Another advantage provided by an embodiment of the present invention is the provision of an armrest insert that may be prefabricated prior to assembly of the armrest. This further reduces manufacturing time and costs, as well as reducing armrest assembly time and costs. The prefabrication of the insert also minimizes the number of components within the armrest, by eliminating the need for a foam backplate.
Additionally, another advantage provided by an embodiment of the present invention is the provision of a non-foam insert that may be prefabricated quickly in various shapes, sizes, and having various degrees or levels of material physical flexibility thus, providing increased design flexibility. The ability to provide various levels of material physical flexibility provides a desired level of comfort, energy absorption, and overall performance for a particular application.
Furthermore, another embodiment of the present invention provides an armrest insert that may be easily placed within an armrest assembly to support an armrest casing, without use of fasteners or special tools or equipment. Again providing manufacturing and assembly ease.
The present invention itself, together with further objects and attendant advantages, will be best understood by reference to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing.
For a more complete understanding of this invention reference should now be had to the embodiments illustrated in greater detail in the accompanying figures and described below by way of examples of the invention wherein:
While the present invention is described primarily with respect to an armrest for door assembly of an automotive vehicle, the present invention may be adapted to various armrests. The present invention may be applied to ground-based vehicles, to aeronautical vehicles, to watercraft, and to other vehicle and non-vehicle applications. The present invention may be applied to armrests included in a console, a center console, an interior vehicle panel, an interior panel wheel well cover, a door panel, or to other armrests known in the art.
In the following description, various operating parameters and components are described for one constructed embodiment. These specific parameters and components are included as examples and are not meant to be limiting.
Referring now to
During manufacturing and assembly of the armrest assembly 10 the armrest casing 20 is formed over the substrate 14. The foam backplate 16 is coupled to the upper exterior side 28 of the substrate 14. The substrate 14, the armrest casing 20, and the foam backplate 16 form a cavity, indicated by arrow 30. Expandable foam is injected into the cavity 30 through an injection point 32. The foam expands within and fills the cavity 30. Although the insert 12 is shown within the exploded view of
The time to inject and allow the foam insert 12 to expand and cure can require several minutes. Also, when polyurethane foam is utilized the reagents to form the foam are susceptible to environmental parameter changes, such as atmospheric moisture (humidity), temperature, and pressure changes. These parameter changes can have substantially adverse affect upon the consistency of the resulting foam insert from day to day or even batch to batch. Furthermore, according to conventional methods, after the polyurethane foam has been injected and cured, copious quantities of scrap remain, which require additional time and labor to clean up, which adds to the cost of production. Moreover, the disposal of the scraps and the byproducts from synthesizing polyurethanes can be costly.
In addition, due to the complexity, smell, and messiness of preparing the polyurethane foams or any foams in general, it is typically not practical for the armrest assembly to be produced in one location as the preparation of the foam requires an additional, separate work station, which further adds to costs of manufacturing. What is more, many foam inserts are not recyclable and thus the armrest assemblies are not recyclable when a corresponding automotive vehicle is scrapped. Thus, the injection of some urethane foams can be prohibitive.
The present invention overcomes these traditional armrest assembly associated disadvantages and limitations. This will become evident in view of the following description and accompanying figures.
Referring now to
Although the armrest assembly 54 is shown as part of a door assembly and coupled to a door structure 68, the armrest assembly 54 may be part of or coupled to other vehicle interior systems, structures, and panels, such as a center console structure, a seat system structure, and a rear interior panel.
Referring now to
In one embodiment, the insert 56 is a single integrally formed component that is somewhat cup-shaped with an open bottom 72. The insert 56 may be formed in various sizes and shapes. The insert 56 may be formed to have a similar shape as a traditional combination of a foam insert and foam back plate, such as the combination of the insert 12 and the foam backplate 16.
The insert 56 resides substantially on the top surface 76 of the substrate 70 and within a pocket, indicated by arrow 78, between the top surface 76 and the armrest casing 62. The insert 56 provides support to the armrest casing 62. The insert 56 aids in maintaining the shape of the armrest casing 62 and in so doing maintaining the casing 62 in a taught state. The insert 56 may have any number of attachment passages 74 such as, for example, the passage of fasteners therethrough.
The insert 56 includes an interior-supporting member 82, a top-supporting member 84, and an exterior member 86. The interior-supporting member 82, and the top-supporting member 84 support the armrest casing 62. The top-supporting member 84 and the exterior member 86 “closes-up” the pocket 78 and may be coupled to the door structure 68. In closing the pocket 78 the members 84 and 86 create an air chamber 88, which may be utilized as a dampener to absorb energy exerted on the armrest assembly 54. A center hanging member 90 may be coupled to and limit the vertical displacement of the top-supporting member 84. The center member 90 may also increase rigidity of the insert 56. Any number of center members may be utilized.
As stated, the insert 56 is formed at least partially of a non-foam material. The insert 56 may be formed of any thermoplastic material and any number of material combinations. In one example embodiment, the insert 56 is formed entirely of a non-foam material, such as polypropylene, polycarbonate, or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS). The materials of the insert 56 may be modified to provide varying levels of flexibility and energy absorption. For example, materials having a lower durometer may be utilized to provide a “spongier”, softer, or “springier” feel and response characteristic, whereas materials having a higher durometer may be utilized to provide a stiffer, harder, or less forgiving feel and response characteristic.
The armrest casing 62 includes an upper portion 81 with an arm-resting surface 83. The armrest casing 62 covers the protruding interior portion 92 of the substrate 70, as well as the interior-supporting member 82 and the top-supporting member 84. The armrest casing 62 may be formed utilizing methods known in the art and formed of various materials. The armrest casing 62 may be formed of plastic, vinyl, leather, cloth, or other armrest covering material. The armrest casing 62 may be formed of polyvinyl chloride or other thermoplastic polyolefin-based elastomers.
The substrate 70 provides structural support and shape for the armrest assembly 54. The substrate 70 is a single rigid molded component. The substrate 70 may be formed of various thermoplastic materials and any combination thereof. The substrate 70 may be formed of a polyolefin-based resin, polypropylene, polycarbonate, or ACS.
The substrate 70 includes door trim attachment elements or channels 94 and may include insert attachment elements, such as the outer edge guide 96. The channels 94 may allow for the passage of fasteners therethrough and may align with the passages 74. The interior-supporting member 82 rests against the outer edge guide 96. The substrate 70 may also include an additional guide or keying configuration for attaching the insert 56 to the substrate 70 for proper and desired orientation of the insert 56 relative to the substrate 70. Although there are a specific number of attachment elements shown, any number may be utilized.
The armrest assembly 54 may also include a reinforcement member 98 for added strength and rigidity in areas, such as in a door handle region 99, where such added strength is desired. The reinforcement member 98 may also be formed of various materials including those mentioned above with respect to the substrate 70.
Referring now to
In step 100, the substrate 70 is formed. The substrate 70 may be formed using conventional methods known in the art. The substrate 70 may, for example, be injection molded.
In step 102, the insert 56 is formed. The insert 56 is formed separately and externally from the substrate 70 and the armrest casing 62. The insert 56 is formed at least to some extent with a non-foam material. In step 102A, the insert 56 may be injection molded or formed using some other method known in the art. In step 102B, the insert 56 is cured. When the insert 56 is injection molded, as is known in the art, the cure time is quick, typically within 2-3 seconds. The insert 56 is also cured separately and externally from the substrate 70 and the armrest casing 62.
In step 104, the insert 56 is placed on or attached to the substrate 70. In the example embodiment shown, the insert 56 is placed on or attached to the top surface 76. The insert 56 may be coupled to the top surface 76 using attachment mechanisms known in the art, such as guides, clips, fasteners, and adhesives.
In step 106, the armrest casing 62 is formed. The armrest casing 62 is formed to have the upper portion 81 with the arm-resting surface 83. The armrest casing 62 is formed separate from the insert 56 and the substrate 70, also using methods known in the art. In step 108, the armrest casing 62 is applied over or attached to the insert 56 and/or the substrate 70. The substrate 70 and the insert 56 may be placed within the armrest casing 62. In step 110, the insert 56 is placed within or inserted into the pocket 78 between the substrate 70 and the upper portion 81.
In step 112, the armrest casing 62 is formed and coupled to the substrate 70. A temporary mold may be placed on the substrate 70 that is similar in size and shape as the insert 56. The temporary mold may be formed of steel or other suitable material for the molding of the armrest casing 62 thereon. The armrest casing 62 is “over molded” over or onto the temporary mold and the substrate 70.
In step 113, the insert 56 may be placed on or attached to the substrate 70 and inserted in the armrest casing 62. Similar to step 104, the insert 56 may be placed on or attached to the top surface 76. The insert 56 may be coupled to the top surface 76 using attachment mechanisms as stated above.
In step 114, the armrest casing 62 is formed and coupled to the substrate 70. The armrest casing 62 is over molded onto the insert 56 and the substrate 70. This is unlike traditional methods where an armrest casing is over molded onto a substrate followed by injection of a foam material between the armrest casing and the substrate.
In step 116, the armrest assembly 54 may be coupled to an interior trim structure, such as the door structure 68.
The above-described steps are meant to be illustrative examples; the steps may be performed sequentially, synchronously, simultaneously, or in a different order depending upon the application.
The present invention provides an armrest assembly that incorporates an armrest insert formed of a non-foam material. The use of a non-foam material provides decreased material costs of an armrest insert. The insert may be formed separate from the armrest assembly and simplifies manufacturing and assembly steps and minimizes manufacturing and assembly time and costs. The present invention provides such advantages with reduced labor. The present invention also provides an armrest with desired performance characteristics, due to the flexible nature of the insert.
While the invention has been described in connection with one or more embodiments, it is to be understood that the specific mechanisms and techniques which have been described are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, numerous modifications may be made to the methods and apparatus described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
