Patent Application
20140326545
The object of the invention is an arrangement for fixing the compensating weight guide rails of an elevator as presented in the preamble of claim 1 and a guide rail bracket for the compensating weight guide rails of an elevator as presented in the preamble of claim 9.
Although the solution according to the invention mainly relates to an arrangement for fixing the compensating weight guide rails of an elevator, and in the following the object of the inventive arrangement is almost exclusively referred to as the guide rails of compensating weights, the solution according to the invention can just as well be applied also to fixing the guide rails of the counterweight of an elevator, which fixing can be considered as also belonging to the inventive content of the arrangement.
Known in the art are elevator solutions wherein the guide rails of the compensating weights are fixed with their own guide rail brackets e.g. to the wall of the elevator hoistway in a precisely measured location with respect to the elevator hoistway and to the other structures of the elevator. In order for the guide rails to be reliably disposed in the correct location, each guide rail must be separately and precisely plumbed into position. This plumbing, and associated measurements, takes a lot of time and also it is possible that errors occur in the plumbing, which errors can cause damage in the structures of the elevator, noise problems or other problems, or at least extra work for afterwards rectifying the location of the guide rails.
The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and achieve an inexpensive and easy-to-implement arrangement for fixing the compensating weight guide rails of an elevator. Another aim is to achieve an arrangement that enables easy and quick installation of the compensating weight guide rails, in connection with the installation of which the plumbing of the guide rails into position is not necessarily needed, but instead the location of the compensating weight guide rails is automatically determined on the basis of the location of a guide rail of the elevator car as well as on the basis of the shape, dimensioning and manufacturing tolerances of the guide rail brackets of the compensating weight guide rails. Yet another aim of the invention is to achieve an arrangement wherein the guide rail brackets of the compensating weight guide rails are used also as extension plates for the guide rail extensions of the compensating weight guide rails, in which case separate guide rail extension plates are not needed. The aim of the invention is also to achieve a guide rail bracket for compensating weight guide rails that is inexpensive and versatile and shaped sufficiently precisely in its dimensions, with which guide rail bracket the compensating weight guide rails can be quickly and easily fixed to the structures of the elevator hoistway or to another location suitable for the purpose. The arrangement according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 1.
Correspondingly, the guide rail bracket according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 9. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is disclosed in the other claims.
Some inventive embodiments are also discussed in the descriptive section of the present application. The inventive content of the application can also be defined differently than in the claims presented below. The inventive content may also consist of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is considered in the light of expressions or implicit sub-tasks or from the point of view of advantages or categories of advantages achieved. In this case, some of the attributes contained in the claims below may be superfluous from the point of view of separate inventive concepts. Likewise the different details presented in connection with each embodiment of the invention can also be applied in other embodiments. In addition, it can be stated that at least some of the subordinate claims can, in at least some situations, be deemed to be inventive in their own right.
One advantage, among others, of the solution according to the invention is that by means of it the rapid, easy and reliable fixing of compensating weight guide rails precisely into their own positions is enabled without separate and time-consuming plumbing and/or alignment. Another advantage is that in the installation errors do not occur in the positioning location of the compensating weight guide rails and only the car guide rails need to be plumbed, after which the position of the compensating weight guide rails is automatically determined. Another advantage is cost savings enabled by the installation, owing to the speed and ease of installation.
Preferably the compensating weight guide rails are either tubular or trough-shaped structures, wherein the extensions between guide rail sections comprise aligning support elements inside the tubular or trough-shaped structures, said support elements preferably being extension elements or spring elements that are flexible or are provided with springs. A spring element functioning as an aligning support element and disposed in the extension point of a compensating weight guide rail, inside the guide rail, preferably comprises protrusions or another type of locking parts, which are configured to fix into counterpoints, e.g. into apertures or holes, in the compensating weight guide rails.
In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by the aid of some examples of its embodiment with reference to the simplified and diagrammatic drawings attached, wherein
The arrangement according to the invention comprises at least an elevator car 1 configured to move reciprocally in an elevator hoistway and at least one or more compensating weights 2a, 2b, which are for their part connected to support the elevator car 1 by the aid of suspension members 3, such as belts or ropes, and also by the aid of e.g. diverting pulleys 4 mounted on bearings in the top part of the elevator hoistway. In addition, the arrangement according to the invention comprises a hoisting machine 6 provided with at least one traction sheave 5 or corresponding, and at least one or more traction members 7a, 7b, such as a rope or a belt, that are fully separate from the suspension members 3, which traction members are configured to transmit the rotational movement of the traction sheave 5 into linear movement of the elevator car 1 and of the compensating weights 2a, 2b. Characteristic to the invention, and common to some of the preferred embodiments of the invention, is that two compensating weights 2a, 2b, or in some cases more than two compensating weights, are connected by the aid of their own traction member 7a, 7b provided with essentially spring tensioning or constant-force tensioning to most preferably one and the same hoisting machine 6.
The aforementioned two or more compensating weights 2a, 2b enable an essentially easy layout in elevator design. At the same time the layout also brings various space benefits. In this case one layout solution can be e.g. the type of layout in which, when viewed from above, at the center of the elevator hoistway is a plane formed by the car guide rails of the elevator and around this plane are four corners for different structural solutions. For example, two corners are used for the compensating weights 2a, 2b and their guide rails, one corner is used for safety devices, mainly e.g. for an overspeed governor, and one corner is used for other devices, such as for the trailing cables, et cetera.
A hoisting machine 6 provided with a one-piece or two-piece traction sheave 5 is configured to move the elevator car 1, which hoisting machine is preferably e.g. a machine station of modular structure and is disposed in the bottom part of the elevator hoistway, e.g. on the base of the elevator hoistway or right in the proximity of the base. In this case installation of the hoisting machine 6 is easy, and long electric cables from the bottom part of the building to the hoisting machine and to the cubicles are not needed. Additionally, at least one humidity sensor, which is arranged to issue an alarm and if necessary to stop the elevator if excessive water comes onto the base of the hoistway, is disposed on the base of the hoistway. In this way the elevator machine and the electrical components of the elevator can be protected from excessive humidity.
For each compensating weight separately its own traction member 7a, 7b is disposed between the bottom part of the compensating weights 2a, 2b and the bottom part of the elevator car 1, which traction member receives its movement transmission force from the traction sheave 5 of the hoisting machine 6, said traction sheave rotating on the vertical plane. The first traction member 7a is fixed at its first end to a first compensating weight 2a, is configured to leave the compensating weight 2a and go downwards and is led to pass around the bottom of a first diverting pulley 13 on a first side of the traction sheave 5, after which the traction member 7a is led past the traction sheave 5 of the hoisting machine 6 fitted below the elevator car 1 below the traction sheave 5 from the first side to the second side of the traction sheave and onwards below a second diverting pulley 14 on the second side of the traction sheave 5 and disposed in connection with the hoisting machine 6, around the diverting pulley and back towards the traction sheave 5 of the hoisting machine 6, after passing around the bottom of which the traction member 7a is led upwards from the first side of the traction sheave 5 to a fixing point in connection with the elevator car 1, to which fixing point the second end of the traction member 7a is fixed.
Correspondingly the second traction member 7b is configured to travel from the second compensating weight 2b via the traction sheave 5 to the elevator car 1 in such a way that the second traction member 7b is fixed at its first end to the second compensating weight 2b, is configured to leave the compensating weight 2b and go downwards and is led to pass around the bottom of at least one third diverting pulley 15 on the second side of the traction sheave 5, after which the traction member 7b is led over a fourth diverting pulley 16 on the second side of the traction sheave 5 to the traction sheave 5 of the hoisting machine 6 disposed below the elevator car 1 from the second side of the traction sheave 5 and is configured to pass around the bottom of the traction sheave 5 and to ascend after this from the first side of the traction sheave 5 to the elevator car 1, to the fixing point in connection with which elevator car the second end of the traction member 7b is fixed.
The contact surface of the traction sheave 5 is so wide that both the traction members 7a, 7b fit side-by-side onto the contact surface of the traction sheave 5 without interfering with each other. In this way one and the same hoisting machine 6 and also one and the same traction sheave 5 give to both the traction members 7a, 7b a force producing linear movement of the elevator car 1 and of the compensating weights 2a, 2b. A second alternative is a structural solution, in which the same traction shaft has two parallel traction sheaves 5.
From
The guide rail bracket 17 of the compensating weight guide rail is a bracket fabricated e.g. from one metal plate by bending and otherwise machining, the first end of which bracket comprises an essentially planar fixing part 18 with fixing holes 19 for the guide rails 11 of the elevator car 1. Correspondingly, the second end of the guide rail bracket 17 is configured to form a mounting base 20 for the guide rails of the compensating weight. The mounting base 20 comprises a first essentially planar fixing part 21 and a second essentially planar fixing part 22 for the guide rails of the compensating weight, which fixing parts 21, 22 are essentially in the same direction as each other. The fixing parts 21, 22 are rigidly connected to each other with the back part 23 of the guide rail bracket 17, which back part is essentially orthogonal to the plane of the fixing parts 21, 22. The fixing parts 21, 22 have fixing holes 24 for fixing the guide rails of the compensating weight to the guide rail bracket 17 and, in addition, the fixing part 22 has, if necessary extra fixing holes for fixing a separate wall bracket 25 to the second end of the guide rail bracket 17. A guide rail bracket 17 is fixed by means of a wall bracket 25 e.g. to the wall of the elevator hoistway. The wall bracket 25 correspondingly has elongated fixing holes 26, by means of which the wall bracket 25 can be fixed to a suitable location in a manner allowing adjustment, both to the guide rail bracket 17 and to the wall of the elevator hoistway or corresponding fixing location. In addition, the mounting base 20 of the guide rail bracket 17 has fixing holes 20a for the cover plate 29 presented in
As stated earlier, the guide rail brackets 17 of the compensating weight guide rails 27 are used also as extension plates for the guide rail extensions of the compensating weight guide rails 27, in which case separate guide rail extension plates are not needed. If for some reason a guide rail bracket 17 of a compensating weight guide rail 27 cannot be disposed at the extension point of standard-length compensating weight guide rails 27 onto a guide rail 11 of the elevator car 1, the aforementioned compensating weight guide rails 27 are cut shorter in the installation phase at the center point of the next, as seen from the end, elongated fixing hole 33 so that the guide rail bracket 17 of the compensating weight guide rail 27 can be attached also to the guide rail 11 of the elevator car 1 at the extension point 30, which is now situated lower owing to the truncation. Such reasons are e.g. an extension of the car guide rail to be made at the point in question using a separate extension plate or the fixing of some device to the car guide rail or the fixing of the car guide rail with a separate bracket to hoistway structures. It is even possible within the scope of the basic inventive concept to make the fixing of a compensating weight guide rail to the car guide rail, or an extension of the compensating weight guide rail and the fixing of the extension to the car guide rail, without fixing the guide rail bracket to the wall of the hoistway or to another hoistway structure. Often, however, it is more advantageous to fix the guide rail bracket to the wall of the hoistway or to another hoistway structure in addition to the car guide rail.
In the arrangement according to the invention the shape and dimensioning of the guide rail brackets 17 of the compensating weight guide rails 27, as well as the manufacturing tolerances and the positions and dimensioning of the fixing holes 24 in the guide rail brackets 17 of the compensating weight guide rails as well as of the fixing holes 32, 33 of the compensating weight guide rails 27, are configured to be such that the position of the compensating weight guide rails 27 is ready in the guide rail brackets 17 of the compensating weight guide rails 27 to a sufficient degree of accuracy and by fixing the guide rail brackets 17 to the guide rails 11 of the elevator car 1 on a fixing point for the guide rail 11, the compensating weight guide rails 27 can be fixed sufficiently precisely into their position without separate plumbing, because it is sufficient that only the guide rails 11 of the elevator car 1 are plumbed. In this case the location of the compensating weight guide rails 27 with respect to the guide rail 11 of the elevator car 1 and the distance between the compensating weight guide rails 27 are determined by the shape, dimensioning, fixing holes 24, 32, 33 and manufacturing tolerances of the guide rail bracket 17, and the whole fixing arrangement can be conceived as seeking its guidance according to the guide rail line of the guide rails 11 of the elevator car 1. The guide rail bracket 17 comprises means for fixing the guide rail bracket 17 to the guide rail 11 of the elevator car 1 and for fixing the compensating weight guide rails 27 to the guide rail bracket 17 in such a way that when fixing the guide rail bracket 17 to the guide rail 11 of the elevator car 1 the precise location of the compensating weight guide rails 27 are simultaneously determined.
In the arrangement according to the invention the traction member 7a, 7b can be either a plurality of parallel hoisting ropes, a chain or a belt, e.g. a toothed belt. What all the aforementioned solutions have in common is that the traction members 7a, 7b are fixed at one of their ends, e.g. their end on the elevator car 1 side, with a fixing means 1a providing a spring force or a constant tensioning force in such a way that a traction member 7a, 7b always remains sufficiently taut on the rim of the traction sheave 5 and that when the suspension members 3 of the elevator car 1 stretch and loosen the fixing means 1a remove the elongation produced via the traction members 7a, 7b and the suspension of the suspension members 3 compensates the elongation by keeping the elevator car 1 always on an even bearing.
In the elevator arrangement according to the invention the supporting of the elevator car 1 is separated from the moving means of the elevator car and smart materials, such as toothed belts, in which traction is not based on friction but instead on shape-locking, preferably suited to the purpose are used as the moving means, i.e. as the traction members 7a, 7b. Since the traction is not based on friction and elongations of the suspension members 3 can easily be compensated, one or more compensating weights 2a, 2b can be used instead of counterweights, which compensating weights are disposed in the elevator hoistway space-efficiently in relation to the cross-section of the elevator hoistway and their mass is optimized according to the use of the elevator such that the elevator arrangement is made to function in the best possible way in relation to energy-efficiency in exactly the use for which it has been delivered. The aforementioned space-efficiency can be further improved with traction sheaves and diverting pulleys that are small in diameter and that can be disposed in a small space.
Also common to all the solutions presented is that the point of location of the diverting pulleys 4a-4d disposed on the elevator car 1 is configured such that the elevator car 1 can rise past the diverting pulleys 4 in the top end of the hoistway right to the top end of the hoistway. In this way the most space-efficient layout solution possible is achieved in the top end of the hoistway.
It should also be noted that the different solutions and features presented above can be inventive features together with one or more other features of the invention.
It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited solely to the examples described above, but that it may be varied within the scope of the claims presented below. Thus, for example, the suspension solutions can be different to what is presented above.
It is further obvious to the person skilled in the art that the location of the hoisting machine can also be elsewhere than what is presented above in the drawings. The hoisting machine can be on the base of the elevator hoistway, or close to the base, but also on some side of the elevator hoistway and also in the top part of the elevator hoistway.
It is also obvious to the person skilled in the art that the number of compensating weights can also be greater than one or two. There can be e.g. three, four, six, eight, ten or even more compensating weights disposed in a different manner.
It is also obvious to the person skilled in the art that the shape and the structure of the guide rail bracket used may also differ from what is presented above.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20125083 | Jan 2012 | FI | national |
This application is a continuation of PCT International Application No. PCT/FI2013/050083 which has an International filing date of Jan. 25, 2013, and which claims priority to Finnish patent application number 20125083 filed Jan. 27, 2012, the entire contents of both which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/FI2013/050083 | Jan 2013 | US |
| Child | 14334334 | US |
