Patent Grant
11407435
The invention relates to an articulated joint connection device for the force-transmitting connection of two components, each extending along a common longitudinal axis in a first working position, and for pivoting one of the two components relative to the other component about a pivot axis, which is arranged perpendicularly and parallel to the longitudinal axis, into at least one other, second working position. The invention further relates to a coupling device, in particular for rail vehicles, comprising a coupling bar with two components which are coupled together via an articulated joint connection device.
Articulated joints are already known in a wide variety of embodiments for providing articulated coupling devices for center buffer couplings or tow couplings in rail vehicles. These serve for pivoting the coupler head connected to a coupling bar part or a connector element that is not in use out of a working or operating position and into the vehicle profile. The working or operating position is characterized by the alignment of the connection between the connector element, in particular the coupler head and pivot along a longitudinal axis, and the facility for transmitting force, and when used in coupling devices describes the “coupled” state. Here, for pivoting the component, in particular the coupling bar part, coupled to the coupler head or a connector element, in and out, a pivot mechanism is generally used. In its practical implementation, a distinction is made between types of articulated joint with a central pivot axis lying in the longitudinal axis of the coupling, and systems having a pivot axis arranged laterally to the side of this. In the swiveled-in state the two components are connected together for the transmission of forces. In the swiveled-out state the swiveled-out component is preferably locked in its position relative to the other component, to which it is articulated. This position corresponds to a working position of the “uncoupled” mode. Swiveling out can be done either manually or by a control mechanism. Corresponding operating and adjusting devices are preferably provided for this purpose.
Examples of an embodiment with a central pivot axis are known from the published specifications EP 1 985 518 B1, EP 0 640 519 A1, U.S. Pat. No. 4,049,129 and EP 0 808 759 A1. The interface that can be achieved by these, with articulated connection between the individual coupling bar parts is characterized by a complicated configuration of the components in the interconnecting area specially adapted to this purpose. Where the components to be connected take the form of castings, these are characterized by a complex and singular casting geometry, which is specially matched to the particular application, and high production costs, which also entails an increased outlay in the event of repair. Integrating the articulated connection into the longitudinal axis furthermore often limits the angle of deflection and thereby the maximum attainable swivel angle. The extent of the articulated connection must also be allowed for in the total space required in the longitudinal direction of an overall system.
An embodiment in which the pivot axis is offset in relation to the longitudinal axis is known from EP 1 619 101 B1, for example. In this case the coupling elements are integrally formed with the coupling bar parts, which likewise results in a special configuration of these in the area of the articulated connection.
A disadvantage in all known embodiments in the prior art is the formation of parts relevant to the connection directly on the components, in particular coupling bar parts, to be connected together for the transmission of force in a first working position. Since these parts, besides providing the articulated connection for pivoting, must also comprise or support the devices for the force-transmitting connection of the two components, the individual components that can be connected together or pivoted in relation to one another are very complex, specially matched to the particular application and intricately formed. In addition to costly production, this also results in a low degree of standardization. This is also a problem particularly in the event of repair, since here it is possible only very rarely, if at all, to resort to standard components.
The object of the invention, therefore, is to develop an articulated joint, in particular for use in coupling devices for rail vehicles, in such a way that said disadvantages are avoided. The design and integration into a coupling device, in particular a coupling bar, is intended to lend itself to the easiest possible implementation with minimal modifications required to the components to be coupled together, in particular coupling bar parts. Where possible, the articulated joint itself should not need any special modification of attachments and interfaces to suit a specific application and use. The construction should be simple, compact and where possible modular. Furthermore, it should also be possible to easily adapt such an articulated joint connection device for other systems.
The solution according to the invention is characterized by the features of the independent claims 1. Advantageous embodiments are represented in the dependent claims.
According to the invention an articulated joint connection device is proposed for the force-transmitting connection of two components, each extending along a common longitudinal axis in a first working position, and for pivoting one of the two components relative to the other component about a pivot axis, which is arranged perpendicularly and preferably at a distance parallel to the longitudinal axis, into at least one other, second working position. This device is characterized in that it comprises two coupling elements, wherein each of the coupling elements comprises a connection area with a connector device for releasable connection to an end area of one of the components, the two coupling elements are connected together via at least one articulated connection describing the pivot axis and at least one releasable device is assigned to the two coupling elements for the force-transmitting connection of the coupling elements.
The solution according to the invention thereby provides an articulated joint connection device which dispenses with the integral formation of coupling elements on the individual components to be connected together, in particular coupling bar parts in the preferred use in coupling devices in rail vehicles, and instead relies on a formation of the coupling elements as separate components, connecting these via an articulated connection, and the scope for providing a force-transmitting connection. The articulated joint connection according to the invention at the same time also fulfils the various requirements placed on it by the facility for achieving different “coupled” and “uncoupled” working positions. These include, firstly, the transmission of forces between the components in the “coupled” working position and the compact positioning by swiveling one of the components away relative to the other when “uncoupling”.
The coupling elements themselves may be of relatively simple design and depending on the chosen form of the connector device on these can be integrated into widely varying systems having the same connection geometry and similar requirement profile. The articulated joint connection device can furthermore be prefabricated and the individual components for this kept in stock. It is possible to dispense with a complex formation of the components to be connected together and the design considerations for these. Instead, there is scope here for providing standardized connector and connection devices on the coupling elements, which are easily and simply brought into connection with components having matching standard connector devices. Furthermore, the construction of the articulated joint connection device according to the invention also affords considerable advantages with regard to servicing and repair. Thus, in the event of damage to this or one of the connection components, in particular coupling bar parts, it is simply possible to replace only the functional components affected.
The connection area of an individual coupling element carrying the connector device for releasable connection to the end area of one of the components preferably comprises means for producing at least a positively interlocking connection or non-positive connection or a combination of these through interaction with connector devices arranged in the end area of the component. According to a particularly advantageous development, the connection area of an individual coupling element carrying the connector device for releasable connection to the end area of one of the components is designed as a drawbar sleeve joint for connection to a drawbar sleeve joint collar arranged in the end area of the component. This solution affords the advantage of being able to resort to standardized connection geometries for drawbar sleeve joint connections on the components to be connected together, in particular coupling elements and above all the component to be connected to this, and at the same time a very compact construction, particularly in the fitted position in a longitudinal direction. Furthermore, this also makes it feasible to provide standardized connection geometries for various installation situations. Assembly and replacement are moreover very easily accomplished.
With regard to the actual design configuration of the drawbar sleeve joint connection, there are multiple possibilities in terms of the chosen geometry and dimensioning of the various working surfaces. This also depends, in particular, on the sphere of application and the installation situation. In an advantageous form of this embodiment, as may be used, in particular, for the connection of coupling bar parts, the connector device of an individual coupling element comprises means on the inner circumference for at least indirect support in a longitudinal direction of the component, viewed on a first surface area of the drawbar sleeve joint collar, and an internally threaded area for interaction with a threaded ring for at least indirectly fastening the coupling element to the drawbar sleeve joint collar arranged in the end area of the component, in particular a second surface area on the drawbar sleeve joint collar oriented in the opposite direction to the first surface area. The term “at least indirect” in this context means that the bearing contact or fastening is achieved either directly between the two said components, or with the intermediate insertion of other components. This can be done, for example, through the provision of a supporting ring, preferably divided circumferentially into two parts for ease of assembly, between the drawbar sleeve joint collar and the threaded ring.
There are many possibilities with regard to the design of the device for releasably connecting the coupling elements together in the first (“coupled”) working position there are many possibilities. This is preferably designed as a connection device selected from the following group of connection devices:
According to a particularly advantageous embodiment the device for releasably connecting the coupling elements together in the first (“coupled”) working position is designed as a locking device with a locking element and an adjusting device assigned to the locking element for operation of the locking element. This can be designed on a positively interlocking or non-positive principle. Depending on the design configuration of the locking device, in particular the adjusting device, the locking or unlocking may each be performed either automatically or manually or actively controlled, for example via corresponding adjusting devices.
According to a first embodiment the adjusting device is designed and arranged in such a way that it comprises an operating device, which is operated both for locking and unlocking purposes. The operating device in this case is at least indirectly, and preferably directly, coupled to the locking element. Operation may be performed manually or via a controllable adjusting device acting on the operating device.
According to a second particularly advantageous embodiment the adjusting device is designed and arranged in such a way that it comprises an operating device which has to be actively operated for locking or unlocking purposes. In this case the locking element is pivotally or displaceably supported under pre-tension on one of the coupling elements. The adjusting device comprises an operating element, which is designed and arranged to be actively operated or activated only for the purposes of locking or unlocking. The operating element is more preferably designed and arranged to require active operation only for the purposes of unlocking. This solution serves to ensure that without applying additional, external force the locking element will always seek the locking position, thereby investing it with its primary function of maintaining the force-transmitting connection.
An especially simple implementation of this function is afforded by an embodiment of the locking element as a curved lever element, which is supported by a first end area on one of the coupling elements so that it can pivot about a pivot axis, which is arranged perpendicularly and parallel to the longitudinal axis, and which at the other, free end area comprises at least one locking surface area for interacting with a surface area on the other of the coupling elements, forming a non-positive and/or positively interlocking connection. In order to be able to easily connect the swiveled-out component to the other component, the latter, as it swivels in, guides the locking element out of the position maintained by pre-tensioning and thereby when swiveling in assumes the function of an operating element. The locking element for this purpose preferably has an engaging or impinging surface on the free end area for interacting with the other of the coupling elements, so that in swiveling the other coupling element out of the second into the first working position it is deflected by the latter and due to the restoring forces of a pre-tensioning device provided for pre-tensioned support is automatically brought into the locking position.
The articulated joint connection device according to the invention is characterized by connector devices on the coupling elements for connection to the individual, components to be connected together for the transmission of force in the first working position, by the pivotal connection between the coupling elements, and by the device for force-transmitting connection connection. These devices are arranged and supported on the coupling elements, wherein these devices in a first variant are assigned to different coupling elements and in a second, preferred variant primarily to one of the coupling elements.
Thus, according to this second variant the releasable device for the force-transmitting connection of the coupling elements, and the articulated connection are arranged or provided on both sides of one of the two coupling elements in relation to the longitudinal axis of the articulated joint connection device.
The individual coupling element itself is preferably designed as an annular component, with flange areas arranged on the outer circumference on both sides of the longitudinal axis for arranging the articulated connection and the device for the force-transmitting connection. This affords the advantage of concentrating functions on one of the coupling elements and the simplest possible design of the other coupling element.
There are various feasible possibilities with regard to the arrangement of the individual functional devices in the longitudinal direction of the articulated joint connection device, variants with a small offset relative to one another preferably being selected, in order to provide the coupling elements and the overall articulated joint connection as a compact unit taking up as little overall space as possible. For this purpose, the releasable device for the force-transmitting connection of the coupling elements, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the articulated joint connection device, is preferably arranged in the area of extent of the connector device, arranged on an individual coupling element, for releasable connection to an end area of one of the components or inside the area of extent of both coupling elements in a longitudinal direction.
In an especially advantageous development of this embodiment the articulated connection and the releasable device for the force-transmitting connection of the coupling elements are arranged with no offset in relation to one another, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the articulated joint connection device. The arrangement is thereby concentrated on one coupling element.
In a further advantageous development the articulated connection, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the articulated joint connection device, is also arranged in the area of extent of the connector device, arranged on an individual coupling element, for releasable connection to an end area of one of the components or inside the area of extent of both coupling elements in a longitudinal direction.
Use of the articulated joint connection device according to the invention is feasible in a multiplicity of applications. A particularly advantageous application, however, is the use for the force-transmitting connection between two components of a coupling device, in particular for use in rail vehicles, wherein one of the components is to be capable of pivoting relative to the other from its position into a further second working position without the capacity for transmitting force. To do this in the prior art required specially designed components and very complex articulated joint connection designs. Some of these solutions took up a lot of overall space and were expensive to implement. With the articulated joint connection device according to the invention a compact design of optimized overall dimensions and standardized in terms of the required connection conditions can now be provided, which can be used, in particular, for the connection of two components having the aforementioned requirement profile in order to obtain two working positions in coupling devices. Such a coupling device is formed with a coupling bar extending along a longitudinal axis and having a first end area for at least indirect connection to a vehicle, a second end area for at least indirect connection to a connector element for at least indirect coupling to a further vehicle and having two components connectable via the articulated joint connection device and extending in a working position along the longitudinal axis referred to as the operating position, wherein the articulated joint connection device is designed to connect the two components together for the transmission of force in the operating position, and to move the second component out of the operating position by pivoting about a pivot axis running perpendicularly and parallel to the longitudinal axis.
It is particularly advantageous here to use the articulated joint connection device between two components, wherein a single component of the components to be connected together for transmitting force in a first working position is formed by an element selected from the following group of elements:
The solution according to the invention is explained below, referring to figures, which in detail represent the following:
The coupling bar 2 is of two-part formation, comprising a first coupling bar part 3 and a second coupling bar part 4. The first coupling bar part 3 and the second coupling bar part 4 are coupled together by an articulated joint connection device 5, wherein the articulated joint connection device 5 allows at least two modes of operation with corresponding working positions, a first mode of operation with a “coupled” working position and a second “uncoupled” mode of operation. In the working position describing the first coupled mode of operation the two coupling bar parts 3 and 4 are arranged in an aligned position with one another and connected together for transmitting forces.
In the second “uncoupled” mode of operation, which for the embodiment according to
Both coupling bar parts 3, 4 are preferably formed with a cylindrical or hollow cylindrical cross section and are coupled together at the opposing end areas by an articulated joint connection device 5. In the force-transmitting mode the articulated joint connection device 5 functions in the “coupled” position for connection and the transmission of force. For this purpose the articulated joint connection device 5 comprises two coupling elements that can each be connected to the respective coupling bar parts 3, 4, a first annular coupling element 6 that can be connected to the first coupling bar part 3 and a second annular coupling element 7 that can be connected to the second coupling bar part 4. The connection to the respective coupling bar part 3, 4 is made via connector devices 8, 9, which are provided on the annular coupling element 6, 7 and which can be brought into operative connection with connector devices 10, 11 of complementary design on the respective coupling bar parts—the first coupling bar part 3 and the second coupling bar part 3. Each of the two annular coupling elements 6, 7 here is formed in in such a way that it is preferably formed fully enclosing the respective coupling bar part 3, 4 circumferentially at each of the end areas facing one another in the operating position.
The annular coupling elements 6 and 7 are articulated together in such a way as to allow pivoting in relation to one another over a predefined angular range about a pivot axis S13 running perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis L and parallel thereto. In the fitted position relative to the longitudinal axis L an articulated connection 13 is provided for this purpose, which in the simplest case is afforded by a pivot pin, the axis of rotation of which describes the pivot axis S13. The pivot axis S13 is preferably arranged in the longitudinal direction inside the extent of the two coupling elements 6, 7 in the coupled position. The pivot axis S13 is more preferably situated in a plane that can be described by the annular coupling element 6 and when this is connected to the coupling bar part 3 preferably runs laterally in relation to the outer circumference of the respective coupling bar part 3. Depending on the design and dimensioning of the individual parts, this articulated connection 13 allows pivoting beyond a dead point position between the two coupling bar parts 3 and 4.
To achieve coupling in the operating position and hence the “coupled” working position, a device 12, is furthermore provided for the force-transmitting connection of the coupling elements 6, 7 in the “coupled” working position, which is releasable. This is most advantageously designed as a locking device 14, which in the operating position couples the two coupling elements 6 and 7 together for the transmission of force and locks them in relation to one another. This locking device 14 may be formed in various ways.
In particular, the locking element 16 here, for example, takes the form of a lever-like curved element having a locking area, which viewed in the fitted position is rotatable about a vertical axis, in particular perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis L, and which can be pivoted with an offset in relation to this arranged pivot axis S16. The locking element 16 in the form of a locking lever here comprises a surface area 19 as locking area, which in the operating position forms a non-positive connection with a surface area 20 on the coupling element 7, in particular on flange-like extensions 23, 22 on the outer circumference of the annular coupling element 7, provided to the side of the longitudinal axis L. The surface area 20 here in the case shown is provided on the coupling element 7 on the side remote from the coupling element 6, whilst the surface area 19 describing the locking area is aligned with this in the coupled position.
The locking device 14 may be arranged and designed in such a way that locking ensues automatically when the two coupling elements 6 and 7 are arranged in the operating position, or has to be operated separately for locking purposes. In the latter case a correspondingly designed adjusting device (not represented here) is provided for active movement of the locking element 16 both into the locking position and also for unlocking and thereby uncoupling the articulated joint connection device 5. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, however, locking devices 14 are used, in which the locking element 16 locks automatically when the swiveled-out coupling bar part 4 is swiveled into the aligned position with the other coupling bar part 3, and needs to be actively operated only in order to release the connection. When swiveling from the “uncoupled” working position into the operating position and thereby into the “coupled” working position, the locking element 16 here is brought into a position in which, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the coupling device 1, the two coupling elements 6 and 7 are locked and tensioned in relation to one another. For releasing, an adjusting device 18 in provided, which allows the second coupling element to be shifted from a released position relative to the first coupling element, cancelling the locking. The adjusting device 18 for this purpose may be designed in a variety of ways. In the simplest case the adjusting device 18 comprises an operating lever 26. This is rotationally fixed to the pivot axis S16 of the locking element 16 and when pivoting in the pivoting direction indicated allows a corresponding deflection of the locking element 16.
The automatic locking when swiveling the coupling bar part in is this is advantageously achieved, however, in that the position of the locking element 16 is held pre-tensioned in relation to the coupling element 6, and when locking is desired the locking element 16 is deflected in opposition to the pre-tension by applying a force as the swiveled-out coupling bar part is swiveled in, and on reaching the required position (aligned position with the other coupling bar part) assumes the locking position owing to its design configuration and the pre-tensioning, and locks two coupling elements 6, 7 in relation to one another. In order to ensure pivoting of the coupling bar part 4 into a second working position, an adjusting device 18 is provided, which then actively pivots the locking element 16 about the pivot axis S16. The pre-tensioning device is not represented in
In all embodiments a locking device 14 and articulated connection 13 are advantageously assigned to one of the two coupling elements 6 or 7 or supported on one of the two coupling elements 6, 7. As represented in
It is particularly advantageous if the locking device 14 and the articulated connection 13 are arranged on both sides of the longitudinal axis L and preferably with no offset in relation to one another in the longitudinal direction.
The embodiment represented in
For a better understanding, reference is made, in particular, to the representation of the articulated joint connection device 5 in the swiveled-out position of the coupling bar parts 3, 4 in
In
In a particularly advantageous embodiment and for securing the connection, the supporting ring 30 is divided circumferentially into two parts and has two different diametral areas in the fitted position, which serve to provide the various functions and support functions.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 2017 102 448.4 | Feb 2017 | DE | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/052039 | 1/29/2018 | WO | 00 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018/145929 | 8/16/2018 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
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| 20200094859 A1 | Mar 2020 | US |
