The present invention relates generally to the field of fish attracting systems and methods. The systems disclosed herein can act as a fish habitat, provide an escape habitat, serve as a foundation for growth of fish forage, provide a fish feeding structure, and also facilitate spawning.
It is widely known that fish are often attracted to or congregate around various structures. For example, fish and other aquatic animals use the structures for protection, shade, to feed on other fish or prey attracted to the structures, to lay eggs, and for other purposes. Such structures may include aquatic vegetation, for example, hydrilla, milfoil, or lily pads, or timber or brush piles. In hopes of attracting fish, some fisherman will create and place their own structures, including sinking Christmas trees, brush piles, or other structures, in areas where they plan to fish. However, these structures often deteriorate, or end up being moved from their original location due to currents or water movements. Accordingly, there remains a need in the art for improved systems and methods for attracting fish to increase fishermen's chances of catching fish and providing escape habitats for smaller fish.
The problems expounded above, as well as others, are addressed by the following inventions, although it is to be understood that not every embodiment of the inventions described herein will address each of the problems described above. The present disclosure describes different embodiments of certain artificial fish attractor, escape habitat, and fish feeder systems and methods.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a fish attractor and escape habitat system is provided, the fish attractor and escape habitat system including a pyramid-shaped base structure including a plurality of side walls forming an interior space and having an open bottom and an open top, wherein the side walls include a plurality of elongated slots and brace slots formed therein, and wherein the pyramid-shaped base structure is formed of a thermoplastic polymeric material having a density of about 0.80 g/cm3 or less. In some embodiments, the pyramid-shaped base structure is formed of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In further embodiments, the elongated slots have a width of about 1 inch to about 3 inches and a length of about 2 inches to about 6 inches. In still further embodiments, each side wall includes a tab configured for attachment to a corresponding slot on an adjacent side wall. In yet other embodiments, the thermoplastic polymeric material has a tensile strength of about 3,000 psi or greater. In still further embodiments, the pyramid-shaped base structure has a length of about three feet to about ten feet.
In further embodiments of the present disclosure, a fish attractor and escape habitat system is provided, the fish attractor and escape habitat system including a pyramid-shaped base structure including a plurality of sloping side walls forming an interior space and having an open bottom and an open top, wherein the sloping side walls include a plurality of elongated slots and brace slots formed therein, a plurality of braces slidably attached to the pyramid-shaped base structure at the brace slots, wherein the pyramid-shaped base structure and the plurality of braces are formed of a thermoplastic polymeric material having a density of about 0.80 g/cm3 or less. In some embodiments, the braces have a textured surface including a plurality of longitudinal ribs. In further embodiments, the braces are V-shaped. In other embodiments, the braces are shaped as a wave having two inwardly curved portions. In still further embodiments, the braces are at least three feet in length. In yet other embodiments, each of the sloping side walls includes an upper edge that forms the open top and each of the upper edges includes a plurality of holes configured for attaching a cable thereto. In still further embodiments, each of the sloping side walls includes a bottom edge that forms the open bottom and each of the bottom edges includes a plurality of jagged teeth.
In still further embodiments, a kit for a fish attractor and escape habitat system is provided, the kit including a pyramid-shaped base structure including a plurality of side walls forming an interior space and having an open bottom and an open top, wherein the side walls include a plurality of elongated slots and brace slots formed therein, a plurality of braces configured for insertion into the pyramid-shaped base structure at the brace slots, a cable configured for attaching a weight to the pyramid-shaped base structure, and a plurality of clips configured for attaching the cable to the pyramid-shaped base structure. In some embodiments, the weight includes a cinder block, a paver, or a brick. In further embodiments, the cable is made of stainless steel. In still further embodiments, the cable includes a center loop configured for attachment to the weight and two end loops configured for attachment to the clips. In yet further embodiments, each of the side walls includes a plurality of holes configured for attachment by the clips. In some embodiments, the clips are carabine clips. In yet other embodiments, the pyramid-shaped base structure and the braces are formed of high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
Further features and advantages can be ascertained from the following detailed description that is provided in connection with the drawings described below:
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art of this disclosure. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. Well known functions or constructions may not be described in detail for brevity or clarity.
The terms “about” and “approximately” shall generally mean an acceptable degree of error or variation for the quantity measured given the nature or precision of the measurements. Numerical quantities given in this description are approximate unless stated otherwise, meaning that the term “about” or “approximately” can be inferred when not expressly stated.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural (i.e., “at least one”) forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” and the like are used herein to describe various features or elements, but these features or elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one feature or element from another feature or element. Thus, a first feature or element discussed below could be termed a second feature or element, and similarly, a second feature or element discussed below could be termed a first feature or element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.
Spatially relative terms, such as “above,” “under,” “below,” “lower,” “over,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another when the apparatus is right side up as shown in the accompanying drawings.
It is to be understood that any given elements of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be embodied in a single structure, a single step, a single substance, or the like. Similarly, a given element of the disclosed embodiment may be embodied in multiple structures, steps, substances, or the like.
Referring to
The fish attractor and escape habitat system 100 includes a base structure 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the base structure 10 is made up of four side walls 12 that are configured to resemble a pyramid-type structure. As shown in
In some embodiments, each of the side walls 12 include a plurality of elongated slots 14. The elongated slots 14 are designed to allow fish to swim through the slots and provide an escape area for fish from predators. The smaller forage fish inside the system 100 naturally attract predator fish to the system 100 and the surrounding area. As shown in
In some embodiments, the base structure 10 also includes one or more brace slots 16 configured to receive and support corresponding braces 18 that may be used with the base structure 10. The corresponding braces 18 may be inserted through the brace slots 16, as shown in
In some embodiments, the braces 18 have a textured surface that includes a plurality of longitudinal ribs on the inner and outer surfaces. The rough texture promotes the growth of algae and phytoplankton on the braces 18, which helps to attract the fish and can serve as a food source to fish and other living creatures. In other embodiments, the braces 18 may have a smooth surface. In the illustrated embodiment, the brace slots 16 and the corresponding braces 18 have a “V”-shaped configuration. However, other configurations could be used, for example, straight slots and braces (either vertical, horizontal, angled, or a combination of the foregoing), round slots and braces, square slots and braces, wavy or curved slots and braces, S-shaped slots and braces, U-shaped slots and braces, W-shaped slots and braces, L-shaped slots and braces, Z-shaped slots and braces, or any combination of the foregoing.
In some embodiments, the braces 18 are insertable into the brace slots 16 and moveable (or slidable) within the brace slots 16. However, when placed into the water, the braces 18 generally stay in place due to the preferably close friction fit between the braces 18 and the brace slots 16. In some embodiments, the braces 18 may also have a structure that can be used to connect to the base structure 10, for example, a tab/slot design, flanges for using screws, bolts, nuts, or other connection mechanisms so that the braces 18 are not slidable relative to the base structure 10.
In the illustrated embodiment, a total of twelve braces 18 are utilized with the base structure 10. As shown in
In some embodiments, the side walls 12 are separate pieces that are removably attached to each other to form the base structure 10.
The embodiments of the fish attractor and escape habitat system 100 shown in the figures generally have an open bottom. As shown in
The base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 may be made of any suitable material allows for the base structure 10 to float within the body of water. In one embodiment, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 may be made of a thermoplastic polymeric material. Suitable thermoplastic polymeric materials include, but are not limited to, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), nylon (polyamide), acrylic, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene (POM), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE). In one embodiment, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 are made from HDPE, preferably closed-cell or cellular, marine-grade HDPE to withstand the aquatic environment. HDPE is advantageous in that the material will float, is recyclable, and will not rot, discolor, swell, splinter, or delaminate when exposed to UV, humidity, or water.
In one embodiment, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 have a density of less than 0.90 g/cm3 such that the base structure 10 floats within the water. For example, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 may have a density of about 0.80 g/cm3 or less. In other embodiments, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 have a density of about 0.77 g/cm3 or less. The base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 should also be weatherproof, weather resistant, and durable to withstand the aquatic environment. In some embodiments, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 have a tensile strength greater than about 3,000 psi. In other embodiments, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 have a tensile strength greater than about 3,300 psi. In still other embodiments, the base structure 10 and the corresponding braces 18 have a tensile strength greater than 4,000 psi.
The base structure 10 may have any shape and size suitable to allow for the fish attractor and escape habitat system 100 to be deployed and used in the water. In some embodiments, each side wall 12 of the base structure 10 may have a base width W of at least about 25 inches or more. In another embodiment, each side wall 12 of the base structure 10 may have a base width W of at least about 30 inches or more. In still another embodiment, each side wall 12 of the base structure 10 may have a base width W of at least about 36 inches or more. In yet other embodiments, each side wall 12 of the base structure 10 may have a base width W of at least about 48 inches or more. In still other embodiments, each side wall 12 of the base structure 10 may have a base width W of at least about 60 inches or more. For example, the base structure 10 may have a bottom profile of about 36 inches by 36 inches or 48 inches by 48 inches. Each side wall 12 of the base structure 10 may also have a top width T of at least about 8 inches or more. In other embodiments, each side wall 12 may have a top width T of at least about 10 inches or more. In still other embodiments, each side wall 12 may have a top width of at least about 15 inches or more. The side walls 12 are preferably between ⅛ inches and ½ inches in thickness, and more preferably approximately ¼ inches in thickness.
The base structure 10 may have a height of at least about 30 inches or greater. In other embodiments, the base structure 10 may have a height of at least about 35 inches or greater. In still other embodiments, the base structure 10 may have a height of at least about 40 inches or greater. For example, the base structure 10 may have a height of at least about 54 inches or greater. In further embodiments, the base structure 10 may have a height of at least about 84 inches or greater. In yet further embodiments, the base structure 10 may have a height of at least about 96 inches or greater. In some embodiments, the ratio of the base width W to the height is approximately 1:1. In other embodiments, the ratio of the base width W to the height is approximately 1:1.2. In still other embodiments, the ratio of the base width W to the height is approximately 1:1.5. As will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, the width and height dimensions can be smaller or larger, depending on the preferred use.
The braces 18 may also have any shape and size suitable to allow for the braces 18 to be inserted through the base structure 10. In some embodiments, the braces 18 have a length of at least about 36 inches. In other embodiments, the braces 18 have a length of at least about 40 inches. In still other embodiments, the braces 18 have a length of at least about 42 inches. In still other embodiments, the braces 18 are at least about 48 inches in length. However, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, the braces 18 should be sufficiently long enough to protrude out from the base structure 10 and will vary in length depending on the size of the base structure 10.
While the weighted device 28 has been exemplified herein as being secured to the base structure 10 with the cable 34 and the clips 38, the weighted device 28 may be secured to the base structure 10 by other mechanisms. For instance, the base structure 10 may include an interior compartment designed to receive and store the weighted device 28. The compartment may also be filled with a substance like gravel or sand to provide sufficient weight for the system 100 to sink. In other embodiments, a molded area may be formed within the interior of the base structure 10 where the weighted device 28 may be attached by snapping into place. In still other embodiments, the base structure 10 may be formed such that it fits over the weighted device 28 and snapped or locked into place so that it is securely fastened to the weighted device 28.
Referring to
The spawning device 200 includes a base structure 60 having a flat bottom 72, an outer side wall 64, and an inner side wall 66, where the outer and inner side walls 64, 66 extend along the circumference of the base structure 60. The outer side wall 64 and the inner side wall 66 are connected by an upper rim 68. An interior cavity 62 is formed within the base structure 60. The interior cavity 62 may be used to fill the spawning device 200 with natural spawning materials, such as gravel. In the illustrated embodiment, the base structure 60 is shown as a circular or “ring” configuration. However, other sizes and shapes can be used, for example, rectangular, square, oval, diamond, or cylindrical.
The spawning device 200 may have a plurality of elongated slots 70 formed in the outer side wall 64 and along the periphery of the base structure 60 that provide access to a protective area within and under the spawning device 200 for newly hatched fish (fry) from predators. The elongated slots 70 may have a width of about 1 inch to about 3 inches, preferably about 2 inches, and more preferably about 1 inch. The elongated slots 70 may have a length of about 2 inches to about 6 inches, preferably about 3 inches to about 5 inches, and more preferably about 4 inches. For example, the elongated slots 70 may be about 1½″×4,″ about 1″×3,″ or about 2″×5″ (or any combination thereof). Any other similar sizes that allow smaller fry to enter, but not larger more predatory fish to enter, may be used with the present disclosure. For example, instead of elongated slots, round holes having a diameter of 1 inch or 2 inches may be used.
The spawning device 200 may also have a plurality of holes 76 formed in the base structure 60 for attaching aquatic vegetation strands, as will be described in more detail below. The vegetation strands are designed to simulate aquatic plants, like grass, hydrilla, milfoil, or seaweed, to attract fish, provide a hiding place for fish, and serve as a location for fish to attach their eggs. In the illustrated embodiment, the holes 76 are formed along the upper rim 68 and in the flat bottom 72. However, the holes 76 may be formed along any surface of the spawning device 200. Although different numbers of holes 76 can be used, in one embodiment, the upper rim 68 may include 18 holes, and the flat bottom 72 may have 6 holes.
In some embodiments, the flat bottom 72 has a compartment 74 formed therein for the placement of a weight (not shown). As shown in
In some embodiments, the base structure 60 may include a lower lip 78 that extends circumferentially along the bottom of the outer side wall 64. The lower lip 78 is designed to create more stability when the spawning device 200 is positioned on the bottom of a body of water. The lower lip 78 may also include a plurality of attachment holes 80. The attachment holes 80 may be positioned around the outer side wall 64. The attachment holes 80 can be used to connect multiple spawning devices together to create spawning colonies. The attachment holes 80 can also be used to anchor the spawning device 200 to the bottom of a body of water by inserting a stake therethrough, as will be described in more detail below. In other embodiments, rather than using the lower lip 78, the base structure 60 may have optional tabs connected to the base of the outer side wall 64.
The spawning device 200 may have any size suitable to allow for the device 200 to be deployed and used in the water. In some embodiments, the spawning device 200 may have a height of about 2 inches to about 6 inches. In other embodiments, the spawning device 200 may have a height of about 3 inches to about 5 inches. In still other embodiments, the spawning device 200 may have a height of about 4 inches to about 4.5 inches. The spawning device 200 may also have an overall diameter of about 30 inches or greater. In other embodiments, the spawning device 200 may have an overall diameter of about 33 inches or greater. In still other embodiments, the spawning device 200 may have an overall diameter of about 40 inches or greater. For example, the spawning device 200 may have a height of about 4 inches and a diameter of about 33 inches. In other embodiments, the overall heights and/or diameter can be increased by 10%, 25%, 50%, or 100%. In still other embodiments, smaller sizes can be used.
The spawning device 200 may be made of a thermoplastic polymeric material. Suitable thermoplastic polymeric materials include, but are not limited to, nylon (polyamide), acrylic, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene (POM), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In one embodiment, the spawning device 200 may be made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). For example, the spawning device 200 may be made of recyclable ABS, which is eco-friendly. In some embodiments, the spawning device 200 may have a specific gravity greater than 1.0 such that the spawning device 200 itself is able to sink within the body of water. For example, the spawning device 200 may have a specific gravity of 1.04, which enables it to sink within the water. In other embodiments, when a weight is attached to the compartment 74, the spawning device 200 may have a specific gravity of less than 1. The spawning device 200 may also be made from eco-friendly polymer materials with a rough texture to promote the growth of algae, bacteria, periphyton, and other microorganisms that serve as a food source to fish and other living creatures.
The vegetation strands 82 can be made of any suitable material that is resilient, does not easily degrade in water, and is buoyant such that the vegetation strands 82 stand up when placed in the water and do not sink. In one embodiment, the vegetation strands 82 are made of a polymeric material. For example, the vegetation strands 82 may be made of polyethylene. In some embodiments, the vegetation strands 82 have a specific gravity of 1.0 or less so that when the vegetation strands 82 are placed in a body of water, the vegetation strands 82 tend to float and are naturally buoyant so as to appear like natural vegetation. For instance, the vegetation strands 82 may have a specific gravity of about 0.88 to about 0.92. The vegetation strands 82 can have any dimension that allows for the strands 82 to simulate aquatic vegetation, including any of the dimensions of the vegetation strands described in U.S. application Ser. No. 17/479,213, entitled “Fish Attracting Systems and Methods,” filed on Sep. 20, 2021, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.
In some embodiments, as shown in
The filter material 92 may be any material that is suitable for use in fish hatcheries and that allows fish to attach their eggs thereto. In some embodiments, the filter material 92 is made at least partially of natural or synthetic fiber hog hair or coconut fibers. The filter material 92 is preferably washable and reusable filter media. The filter material 92 is also preferably comprised of fine, interconnected fibers, and spun into a high loft, depth loading, fiber maze. In some embodiments, the filter material 92 is anti-microbial treated to resist mold and mildew. In further embodiments, the filter material 92 has an initial resistance versus airflow of less than 0.15 (w.g.) at 1000 CFM airflow. The filter material 92 may have a depth between about ½ inch to 4 inches. The filter material 92 may also have a latex binder and/or a polyester net backing. In still further embodiments, the filter material 92 may be the same material used in air filters, such as filtering paper based on cellulose fibers impregnated with phenolic, epoxy or acrylic resins.
A single spawning device 200 can be used, or multiple spawning devices 200 can be used together. In some embodiments, the lower lips 78 of multiple spawning devices 200 may be overlapped and staked down together. The newly hatched fish fry will have a place to escape predators inside the base of the device 200. For those with lakes or other bodies of water being built or with low water levels, the devices 200 can be placed where desired. When installing in existing lakes or with water levels above where desired, various options exist. For example, one option is to use the paver 86 or 88 (or other weight) inserted in the compartment 74 and lowered into the water or dropped in shallow water. If a pea-gravel paver (one preferred embodiment of the paver) is used, fish may attach eggs to the rough surface, which dispenses of the need for the gravel material 90 or the filter material 92. In other embodiments, the paver 86 or 88 may be inserted into the compartment 74 for weight and then the filter material 92 or gravel material 90 may be installed and lowered into the water. In still other embodiments, as described above, a user can insert the paver 86 or 88 and top off the surface with the gravel material 90 and lowered into the water using the ropes 98.
Referring to
As shown in
In some embodiments, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 is formed of side walls 302 that are separate, attachable side pieces. The separate pieces allow for the side walls 302 to nest for compact packaging. In this configuration, the side walls 302 can be assembled and attached to each other. In some embodiments, each side wall 302 has a flange 308 at each edge that overlaps with a corresponding flange on an adjacent side wall 302. The flanges 308 may include holes 306 configured to receive a fastener to secure the side walls 302 to one another. The side walls 302 can be attached to one another with a variety of different types of fasteners discussed herein and as known to those of skill in the art. For example, the flanges 308 may be secured together using fasteners (such as the fastener depicted in
In further embodiments, each of the side walls 302 may have a plurality of elongated slots 304 formed therein. The elongated slots 304 provide access to a protective area within the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 for newly hatched fish (fry) and small forage fish from predators. The elongated slots 304 may have a width of about 1 inch to about 3 inches, preferably about 2 inches, and more preferably about 1 inch. The elongated slots 304 may have a length of about 2 inches to about 6 inches, preferably about 3 inches to about 5 inches, and more preferably about 4 inches. Any other similar sizes that allow smaller fry to enter, but not larger more predatory fish to enter, may be used with the present disclosure. As shown in
The fish attractor and escape habitat system 300, including the side walls 302, may be made of a thermoplastic polymeric material. Suitable thermoplastic polymeric materials include, but are not limited to, nylon (polyamide), acrylic, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene (POM), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In one embodiment, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 may be made of PP. In another embodiment, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 may be made of HDPE. In one embodiment, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 has a density of less than 0.98 g/cm3 such that it floats within the water. For example, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 may have a density of about 0.95 g/cm3 or less. In other embodiments, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 has a density of less than 0.90 g/cm3. In some embodiments, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 has a tensile strength greater than about 3,500 psi. In other embodiments, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 has a tensile strength greater than about 4,000 psi. In still other embodiments, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 has a tensile strength greater than about 4,500 psi. For instance, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 may have a tensile strength of about 4,800 psi.
The fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 may have any size suitable to allow for the system 300 to be deployed and used in the water. In some embodiments, the side walls 302 have sides that are about 10 inches to about 40 inches in length. In some embodiments, the side walls 302 have sides that are about 16 inches to about 36 inches in length. In other embodiments, the side walls 302 have sides that are about 24 inches to about 30 inches in length. For instance, in some embodiments, the side walls 302 have sides that are about 13.5 inches in length. In the configuration shown in
The fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 can be deployed into any body of water. In some embodiments, the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 can be suspended under water and tethered to a weighted device that is anchored to the bottom of the body of water, as described above with respect to the fish attractor and escape habitat system 100. This allows for the fish attractor and escape habitat system 300 to be placed/float in ideal levels of the water that are highest in oxygen, for instance, at a depth of about 6 feet below the surface.
All of the systems and devices described herein can also greatly support and enhance conservation efforts. For example, the structures and devices disclosed herein can help protect fish from predators, such as cormorants, herons, turtles, other fish species, or other species that feed on fish.
Some embodiments of the systems and devices described herein may also have indicia on the structure, for example, images or graphics that display or mimic structure (like logs, brush piles, aquatic vegetation, etc.), water droplets, leaves, waves, sand, or other emblems (for example, professional or college team names, mascots, logos, etc.). Such indicia may make the devices more visually appealing to consumers. The indicia may be an adhesive layer placed on the outer surface of the structure or be integral with the device structure.
In some embodiments, the components of the systems and devices described herein can be made from eco-friendly polymer materials with a rough texture or finish to promote the growth of algae, phytoplankton (micro-algae), and other bacteria, periphyton and other microorganisms that serve as a food source to fish and other living creatures. Optional materials that can be utilized for various aspects of the embodiments described herein, and some of the surface roughness ranges that may be utilized for those embodiments that utilize a rough texture, are set out in Table 1 below (where Ra is calculated as the Roughness average of a surfaces measured microscopic peaks and valleys):
indicates data missing or illegible when filed
This invention may be provided in other specific forms and embodiments without departing from the essential characteristics as described herein. The embodiments described are to be considered in all aspects as illustrative only and not restrictive in any manner. The invention is not limited to the particular embodiments of the invention that have been described, since modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, particularly in light of the foregoing teachings.
This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/111,405, filed on Nov. 9, 2020, and entitled “Artificial Fish Attractor, Escape Habitat, and Fish Feeder Systems and Methods,” the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63111405 | Nov 2020 | US |