Patent Grant
11086357
This patent relates generally to flexible electronic components, and more particularly to dynamically flexible electronic displays incorporated into or disposed on articles that are easily attachable to other items, such as arms, mugs, shoes, belts, coffee cups, phones, computers, etc.
Electronic components such as electronic displays are commonly installed within flat, hard surfaces of electronic devices, such as computer screens, television sets, smart phones, tablet computers, etc., and in many cases are installed on accessories for the electronic devices, such as removable monitors. Many electronic devices having an electronic display are portable, and have thus become very useful in implementing mobile applications. This fact is particularly true with smart phones which have become ubiquitous. However, unfortunately, typical mobile devices such as smart phones have electronic displays that are rigid (and in some cases, flat) in nature. Thus, while these displays are useful in implementing many different applications, the device on which the display is present must still typically be held in a hand, or must be stored in a pocket, a purse, a briefcase or other container, which makes the electronic device less accessible in many situations, such as when a person is carrying other items, undertaking an athletic activity such as running, walking, etc. Moreover, in many cases these traditional electronic devices require two free hands to hold and operate, making these devices cumbersome or difficult to use or to view in situations in which, for example, a person has only one or no free hands or is otherwise occupied.
Flexible displays are generally known and are starting to come into more common usage, however, flexible displays have not been widely incorporated into easily portable items such as items of clothing, wristbands, jewelry, etc. or on items that are easily attached to other items, much less in a manner that makes the display more useable and visible to the user in many different scenarios.
A dynamically flexible attachable article or device, such as a wristband, an armband, a belt, a mobile device with a foldable display, etc., includes a flexible electronic component (e.g., a flexible display, a flexible OLED light, a flexible electronic circuit) disposed thereon in a manner that is dynamically bendable or conformable to a user's wrist, arm or other curved or even flat surface. Dynamic bending or flexibility may, for example, refer to the ability to bend the attachable article, and more particularly the flexible electronic component, at a number of different points, if not every point, along a length of the flexible component, the ability to bend different portions of the attachable article differently (e.g., different portions can be bent at/to different angles or curvatures), the ability to bend the attachable article in a number of different directions (e.g., in a concave direction and a convex direction), or the ability to bend the attachable article in some other dynamic manner. The dynamically flexible, attachable article with such a flexible electronic component may be attached to or worn on a user's body, such as in the form of a wristband or on a shoe or a belt, and may bend to fit the various contours or body surfaces on which the electronic component is located. The dynamically flexible, attachable article is also easily attached to other items, such as mugs, cups, computers, phone covers, bike handles, automobile dashboards, stands, chargers, etc., that enable the flexible electronic component to be viewed when not being held in one's hands or on one's body. The flexible electronic component of the attachable article is thus, in many cases, easily viewable to a user and is capable of being manipulated or actuated by the user without having to be held in one or both of the user's hands, making the electronic component useable while the user is engaged in or performing other activities, such as running, biking, etc.
In some embodiments, the attachable article can include a band having a flexible support and first and second ends. The flexible electronic component can be disposed on the flexible support. The band can include a connection mechanism disposed proximate to one or both of the first and second ends of the band to connect two different portions (e.g., the first and second ends) of the band together. The connection mechanism may include one or more magnets and may further include a first set of uneven grooves disposed at one portion of the band and a corresponding second set of uneven grooves disposed at a second portion of the band for mating with the first set of uneven grooves. In another case, the connection mechanism may include a multiplicity of magnets disposed in series along at least one end of the band and the connection mechanism may be adjustable to enable the first and second ends of the band to be moved to different overlapping positions with respect to one another. If desired, the connection mechanism may include a series of magnets disposed along the first end of the band and a series of magnetically permeable material elements, such as metal or magnets, disposed along the second end of the band, or may include at least one magnet disposed at a first lateral end of the band and a magnetically permeable material disposed at a second and opposite lateral end of the band. The connection mechanism may further include a tab disposed at one of the first and second lateral ends of the band and a groove that accepts the tab disposed at the other of the first and second lateral ends of the band. In still other embodiments, the connection mechanism may include a hook and loop structure coupled to the band or a buckle connected to one end of the band that accepts the other end of the band through the buckle.
In one case, the dynamically flexible, attachable article can include one or more electronics modules electronically connected to the flexible electronic component and each including a display driver and a processor. Control and communication electronics for the article can be disposed in the electronics modules. If desired, the electronics module(s) can be rigid, and can be coupled to the flexible support at, for example, an end of the flexible support or at any point between two ends of the flexible support. For ease of reading, the one or more electronics modules are referred to herein in the singular (i.e., “electronics module”), although it is understood that a dynamically flexible, attachable electronic device may include more than one electronics module.
The electronics module includes a processor for implementing applications or programming, such as an application or program to communicate with a display driver to drive the electronic display to display fixed or changeable messages, artwork, pictures, etc. The electronic module also includes a memory for storing pictures, images, messages, videos, etc. to be displayed on the electronic display at various times, as well as for storing applications and application data, such as configuration data, to be used by applications for performing various display tasks at different times. The electronic module may also include a battery for powering the electronic display, the processor, the display driver, and other electronic elements, a battery charging device for charging the battery either in a wireless or a wired manner, and a communications module that enables other computer devices to communicate with the processor, the display driver and the memory to provide new or different images or messages to be displayed on the electronic display, to configure the operation of the electronic display of the attachable electronic device, etc.
The flexible electronic display may be fabricated using any desired flexible electronic display material, such as any of various suitable plastics. If desired, the flexible electronic display may be manufactured as a display having pixel elements disposed on separate frontplane and backplane substrates formed of the same or different flexible material. In some cases, such as in the case in which e-paper is used as a flexible display, a frontplane component may be laminated onto a backplane component, where the backplane layer includes the backplane substrate, and the frontplane component includes an adhesion layer, optoelectronic material (which may be dissolved in a fluid that is contained in microcapsules or microcups, for example), and a top or frontplane substrate. Additional protection layers, a touch screen, and/or a frontlight may be laminated in a layer on top of the frontplane component, if desired. In any case, such layers of substrates and other components may be placed together to form the flexible electronic display, which may then be disposed on or proximate to a support, such as a leather support, a bendable metal support, etc., the combination of which can be flexed or curved in various manners to conform to the shape of a portion of a wearer's body, such as a wrist, a foot, etc. or to conform to the shape of other items to which the attachable article may be attached. In another case, the attachable electronic device may include a flexible, for example, transparent, touch screen interface disposed over or on top of the flexible electronic display to enable a user to input data or take input actions with respect to the flexible electronic display. In some cases, the inputs may be in the form of gestures or other inputs that are detected by other sensors included in the dynamically flexible, attachable device, and the gestures detected by the sensors may cause the electronic device to operate in a predetermined manner, such as to change modes of operation, etc.
The electronic display device so formed may, for example, enable a user to have a single type or multiple different types of digital media depicted or displayed on the display at the same time, including, for example, photographs, digital artwork created by the user or others, messages sent to or created by the user, reminders, notes that provide instructive, educational or inspirational messages, e-cards, advertisements, personalized agendas, calendars, such as a personalized Outlook® calendar, etc.
More particularly, the display driver may be configurable to drive the electronic display by displaying thereon one or more images, messages, digital artwork, videos, etc., stored in the memory. In some cases, the display driver is connected to a set of electrodes or connectors that, in turn, are connected to the pixel elements of the flexible display, and the display driver provides respective content to each electrode or connector to produce the image displayed on the flexible display. The display driver may display a fixed image via the flexible electronic display, may change the image being displayed on the flexible electronic display from time to time, such as by accessing the memory and providing a new image to the display, may display videos, such as real time videos, and/or may display other types of digital media. Likewise, the display driver may cause various interfaces associated with many different applications at different times or in different modes of the attachable electronic device to be presented on the flexible display. For example, the display driver may be driven by various different applications executed in the processor to display a calendar interface, an e-mail in-box interface, an alarm clock interface, a keyboard interface, a step-counter interface, etc. These interfaces may be located on the same place on the flexible display and displayed at different times and may be located at different places on the flexible display and displayed at the same or at different times.
Still further, a battery charger unit may be connected to the battery and may operate to charge the battery using, for example, an inductively coupled charging technique. The battery charger unit may be a part of an inductively coupled charging system and may respond to electromagnetic waves produced by an exterior charging unit to charge the battery when the attachable article is disposed near the external charging unit. In another case, the battery charger may be a kinetic energy charger unit that converts motion of the device (such as that associated with movement of an arm when the attachable electronic device is in the form of a wristband) into electrical energy which is then used to charge the battery.
Still further, a communications module may enable the processor, the driver, the memory and/or the flexible electronic display to communicate with external sources or devices, such as a computer, a mobile phone, a tablet device, a remote control unit, etc., using, for example, wireless communications produced using a Wi-Fi network, a cellular network, a Bluetooth connection, a near-field communications (NFC) connection, an infrared communication technique, a radio frequency identification (RFID) device or tag, etc. The communications module may operate to enable the driver to receive new images or other digital media for storage in the memory and ultimate display on the flexible electronic display, new applications for execution by the driver to perform control of the electronic display in various manners and new configuration information for configuring the manner in which the display driver controls the flexible electronic display to operate to display images and other information. In this manner, a user may reprogram the attachable article via, for example, a wireless communication network to display different pictures, images, messages, etc., at different times, to execute different applications at different times or in different locations. The communications module operates to eliminate the need for the attachable device to be plugged into a computer, or otherwise to have wires connected thereto for writing information to the memory of the device.
Still further, the memory may store, and the processor may execute, one or more applications provided or downloaded to the attachable electronic device by the user. These applications may enable the user to direct or program the operational features of the attachable device with the flexible electronic display, such as the particular digital media or images to display at any given time, the order in which images are to be displayed, the speed at which images will change, display features, such as background colors, borders, visual effects, etc. Moreover, the applications may enable or perform communications via the communications module to obtain information that may be displayed on the flexible electronic display, such as e-cards, advertising or promotional information, etc. provided via, for example, a Wi-Fi connection, a cellular connection, a Bluetooth or NFC connection, or any other wireless communications network or connection.
In one case, the processor, which may be a generally purpose micro-processor type of controller or a special purpose controller, the battery, the battery charger unit, the computer readable memory and the communications module may be integrated within, for example, an endpiece or a side wall of the attachable article and these components may be sealed or otherwise protected from water, air, dirt, etc. to which the exterior of the device is exposed. Any or all of these electronic components may be encapsulated in a hermetically sealed manner to prevent any direct exposure of these components to exterior forces and environmental hazards.
Further yet, the flexible support can include or incorporate various types of structure to protect the flexible electronic component. These types of structures can include side or edge protection structures that prevent or limit damage to the flexible electronic component caused by impacts at the edge or side of the flexible electronic component. Alternatively or additionally, these types of structures can, for example, include bending limiting structure elements that operate together to limit the possible types of motion that the flexible electronic component can undergo (e.g., limit the bending radius of the flexible support to a range within a bending tolerance of the flexible electronic component). In some cases, the flexible electronic component can have a minimum critical bending radius at which the flexible electronic component can bend without impairing the flexible electronic component (e.g., cracking, breaking, or otherwise impairing one or more layers, cracking the environment or humidity barrier, impairing the electronic functionality of the component). Such a minimum critical bending radius may be the bending radius past which the flexible component becomes impaired upon a single or a low number of bendings (e.g., bending the flexible component past the minimum critical bending radius the first, second, third, etc. time results in impaired functionality), or may be the bending radius past which the flexible component (e.g., the functionality of the flexible component) is not reliable or may become impaired upon a significant number of bending motions (e.g., the minimum critical bending radius may be the minimum radius at which the electronic component may be reliably bent a significant number of times without becoming impaired).
The bending limiting structure elements can, for example, include a set of transverse bars, stays or spacers disposed in or on the flexible support to limit the torsional motion of the flexible support to thereby prevent damage to the flexible electronic component due to torsional bending of the flexible electronic component. In a similar manner one or more longitudinal members may be configured within the flexible support to limit the bending motion of the flexible support around either a longitudinal axis of the device or about a transverse axis of the device. This structure thus prevents flexing of the flexible electronic component in one or more directions so as to prevent damage to the flexible electronic component from bending motions that might delaminate the various layers of the flexible electronic component. In another case, the flexible support can have a multiplicity of interconnected pieces that each extend between first and second sides of the band and that operate together to limit the bending motion of the flexible support to a particular minimum bending radius.
In a still further embodiment, the flexible electronic component can have first and second opposing surfaces. Here, the flexible electronic component is configured to display information via the first opposing surface, wherein the flexible electronic component is disposed on the flexible support so that the first opposing surface faces away from the flexible support, and wherein the flexible electronic component includes a minimum critical bending radius when bent in a direction that that causes the first opposing surface to be convex and the second opposing surface to be concave, without impairing the flexible electronic component (e.g., impairing the functionality of the flexible electronic component). In one case, the flexible support can be bendable to allow bending that causes the first opposing surface to be convex and the second opposing surface to be concave, but that limits bending in the direction that causes the first opposing surface to be convex and the second opposing surface to be concave to a particular bending radius that is greater than or equal to the minimal critical bending radius of the flexible electronic component.
If desired, the flexible support may include a series of rigid pieces of material interconnected with hinges, wherein the hinges limit bending of the flexible electronic component when disposed on the flexible support within the bending tolerance of the flexible electronic component. The rigid pieces of material may be disposed laterally along the band and the hinges may include protrusions that interact to limit the range of bending motion of the hinge. Likewise, the flexible support may include a flexible material with rigid elements spaced laterally apart along the flexible material and the rigid elements may operate to limit bending of the flexible support in the transverse direction of the band more than in the lateral direction of the band. In a still further embodiment, the flexible support may include a pliable material having a first uninterrupted section disposed closest to the flexible electronic component and having a second section disposed adjacent the first section and having grooves disposed therein, wherein the grooves extend from one side of the flexible support to the other side of the flexible support. If desired, the second section may further include one or more lateral grooves disposed therein, wherein the lateral grooves extend at least partially from one lateral end of the flexible support to the other lateral end of the flexible support. Additionally, the flexible support may have two portions disposed laterally adjacent to one another, wherein the first portion can be bent to a minimum radius of curvature that is different than the minimum radius of curvature to which the second portion can be bent. Also, the flexible support may have a plurality of sections disposed laterally with respect to one another along the band, wherein each section can be bent to one of a multiplicity of minimum radii of curvature, and wherein at least two of the sections can be bent to a minimum radius of curvature that is less the minimum radius of curvature of one of the other sections.
The side or edge protection structures can, for example, include one or more edge pieces that extend outward of and/or at least as high as the flexible electronic component. In one case, the one or more edge pieces can extend above the flexible electronic component. The one or more edge pieces can include a first bendable piece of material disposed inside of a soft pliable material. In this case, the first bendable piece of material may be harder than the soft pliable material. Moreover, the flexible support may include an edge or ridge formed of, for example, a metal wire or other material that is disposed along the edges of the flexible component to prevent or limit damage to the flexible component by impacts at the edge or side of the flexible component. Further yet, the side or edge protection structures can, for example, include protective elements disposed on portions (e.g., edges) of the band. The protective elements can extend above the flexible electronic component to protect the flexible electronic component. In one case, the protective elements can be disposed on portions of both sides of the band that are disposed adjacent a bottom of a user's wrist.
In a further embodiment, the connection mechanism can connect the two ends of the support together in a manner that maximizes the amount of continuous display surface viewable to the user when the band is disposed on the user's wrist or arm. In particular, the connection mechanism can be located at the position of the band that lies or falls on the outside of the user's wrist or arm when the band is properly attached to the wrist or arm. In this case, the discontinuity in the display surface falls at a point next to or adjacent to the outside wrist of the wearer, which is the hardest point of the display for the user to view in a natural manner, and which thus minimizes the likelihood that the user will ever need to view a portion of the display at which the discontinuity falls. Moreover, this feature enables the user to view a continuous display along the band as the user, looking at the top of the band, turns his or her palm from a face down to a face up position, thus enabling a user to view a long continuous display screen or to view multiple different display screens without observing the portion of the display at which the discontinuity caused by the connection mechanism occurs. This feature provides for a more usable and ergonomic band, as this feature provides the maximal amount of continuous viewable display surface to the user when wearing the band.
Referring now to
As illustrated in
In another embodiment illustrated in
Of course, the dynamically flexible, attachable device 10 could take on many different configurations besides those illustrated in
The clasps 14 may be the same size as each other and may be the same height as the flexible display 18 and the support 16 together. In another case, the clasps 14 may be larger in height than the flexible display 18 and the support 16 and, in this case, may stick out above surface of the flexible display 18 and/or below the bottom surface of the support 16. As noted above, one or both of the clasps 14 may be or include an electronics module 19 that holds electronics, such as processors, memories, sensors, batteries, etc. that are used to power and drive the flexible display 18 and to provide other communication functionality for the device 10. In some embodiments, the electronics module 19 is not included in the clasps or fasteners 14, but is attached to the band 12 in a location separate from the fasteners 14. If desired, the components of the electronics module 19 may be sealed or otherwise protected from water, air, dirt, etc. to which the exterior of the device 10 is exposed. For example, any or all of these electronic components may be encapsulated in a hermetically sealed manner to prevent any direct exposure of these components to exterior forces and environmental hazards.
In another embodiment, as illustrated in
In yet another configuration, as illustrated in
In a still further case, as illustrated in
In a still further case, as illustrated in
It will be appreciated from
In another embodiment, as illustrated in
While the device 10 of
More particularly,
Generally speaking, the embodiments of
Moreover, while
As an example,
As another example,
In another embodiment illustrated in
More particularly, as depicted in
As illustrated in
When the flexible band 12 is bent to be disposed on or around an object (e.g., a wrist, an arm, etc.), such that one of the ends 14 is disposed on or near an upper side of the other one of the ends 14, a portion of the device 10 (e.g., one of the ends 14) can be disposed or seated in a receiving area 332 (
In another embodiment illustrated in
When the flexible band 12 is bent to be disposed on or around an object (e.g., a wrist, a leg, etc.), and after portions of the device 10 are magnetically connected to one another (e.g., via the magnets 22A, 22B, 24A, and 24B), the clasp 350 can be installed on the device 10 to mechanically connect two overlapping portions of the device 10, as illustrated in
Of course, the clasp 350 can be constructed differently and yet still perform the intended function. In other embodiments, the clasp 350 can have a differently-shaped body 354. The body 354 can, for example, have more of a circular shape, more of a rectangular shape, or have some sort of other suitable shape. In other embodiments, the body 354 can be formed of two or more discrete sections that can be removably coupled to one another to facilitate the installation or removal of the clasp 350. These sections could, for example, be snapped or hooked to one another. Depending on the construction of the clasp 350, the clasp 350 can, in other embodiments, also be installed differently and yet still perform the intended function. When, for example, the body 354 is formed of two or more sections that can be removably coupled to one another, one or more of the sections could be removed from the other section(s) to allow the clasp 350 to be installed on the device 10. Once the clasp 350 is positioned properly, the sections could be again coupled together to install the clasp 350 thereon. In still another embodiment, the clasp 350 could be rigid or semi-rigid and form a member that encircles (partially or completely) one portion of the band 12 and that slides over the other end portion of the band 12 when the band 12 is folded over on itself as illustrated in
In another embodiment illustrated in
When the flexible band 12 is bent to be disposed on or around an object (e.g., a wrist, a leg, etc.), the end 14B can be inserted or fed through the opening 390 in the buckle clasp 380, as shown in
In another embodiment illustrated in
Like the article 10 described in
When the flexible band 12 is bent to be disposed on or around an object (e.g., a wrist, a leg, etc.), such that one of the ends 14 is disposed on or near an upper side of the other one of the ends 14, one or more of the grooves 400 can be disposed or seated between one or more of the projections 408A and 408B, such that the projections 408A and 408B, which extend inward, engage and serve to retain a respective one of the grooves 400. In this manner, a mechanical connection may be formed between one or more of the grooves 400 and the respective projections 408a and 408b. At the same time, the magnets 22A, 22B, 24A, and 24B, by virtue of being in proximity to one another, create or provide a magnetic force that also serves to hold the ends 14 together. So configured, the ends 14 are mechanically and magnetically connectable in various different positions with respect to one another when the device 10 is bent or curved to be placed around a wrist, a leg, a bicycle handle bar, etc., for example. As a result, the attachable device 10 may be easily adjustable in size to fit various differently-sized mounting members. As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, the grooves 400 disposed or seated between the projections 408a and 408b can be repositioned, relative to those projections, to adjust the attachable device 10 to fit a differently sized mounting member (e.g., a leg instead of an arm).
In other embodiments, the connection structure can include any of the above-described mechanical connectors in combination with a different configuration of magnets. For example, the connection structure can include the clasp 350 in combination with the magnetic materials 20A and 20B described in connection with
In some instances, it may be desirable to adjust (e.g., expand, reduce) the length of the band 12 to accommodate or fit differently-sized mounting members (e.g., a leg instead of an arm). It may also or instead be desirable to add or increase functionality, such as battery capacity, charging capability, sensing capability, connectivity, and/or display capability, to the device 10. Accordingly, one or more extenders 250 can be removably coupled to one or both of the first and second ends 14A, 14B of the band 12 to adjust the length of the band 12 and/or to add or increase functionality to the device 10. It will be understood that any number of extenders 250 can be used, depending on the desired length of the band 12 and/or the desired functionality.
To provide additional or increased functionality to the device 10, one or more of the extenders 250 can include an electronics module 19 that is disposed on or within the extender 250 and that holds electronics, such as one or more batteries, one or more chargers, one or more sensors, one or more memories, one or more processors, one or more communication modules, or combinations thereof. In addition to powering the other electronics in the electronics module 19, the one or more batteries can power other electronics in the device 10. In this manner, the one or more extenders 250 can provide battery capacity or functionality, or additional battery capacity or functionality, to the device 10. The one or more chargers can be connected to the one or more batteries and/or one or more other batteries of the device 10 and enable charging or recharging of any of these batteries using any known or desired recharging circuitry or methodology. As an example, the one or more chargers can use any desired energy harvesting technology to derive energy from a solar source, a kinetic energy source (e.g., motion of the device 10), a heat energy source, or some other external energy source. In this manner, the extenders 250 can provide charging capability or functionality to the device 10, or, when the device 10 already includes some charging capability, can provide additional charging capability or functionality to the device 10. The one or more sensors may include, for example, an impact sensor or step counter, one or more gyroscopic sensors or gyroscopes, temperature sensors (which may, for example detect the temperature of the skin of the user when the device 10 is being worn), vibration sensors, pulse rate monitors, external pressure sensors, blood pressure sensors (e.g., which may detect the blood pressure of the user wearing the device 10), heart rate sensors (e.g., which may detect the heart rate of the user wearing the device 10), accelerometers, strain gauges, gyroscopes, accelerometers, compression sensors, tensional strain sensors, positional sensors (e.g., GPS sensors), light sensors, piezoelectric sensors, or any other desired sensors. In this manner, the extenders 250 can provide sensing capability or functionality, or additional sensing capability or functionality, to the device 10. The one or more processors, which may, for example, include programmable, general purpose processors and/or specially programmed processors, can implement operation of any of the electronics of the extenders 250 and/or other electronics of the device 10. In this manner, the extenders 250 can provide computational processing capability or functionality, or additional processing capability or functionality, to the device 10. The one or more memories can be, for example, one or more flash memories or other suitable types of non-transitory, tangible, data storage media. The one or more memories can store various applications to be run on the various processors and/or various data (e.g., image or video data files). In this manner, the extenders 250 can provide memory capability or functionality, or additional memory capability or functionality, to the device 10. The one or more communication modules may include or use any type of communication hardware/software/firmware that uses any desired types of communication techniques to enable the processors to communicate with other electronics in the device 10 and/or exterior devices or sources. Of course, the communication modules could include multiple different types of communication hardware/software/firmware, including any kind of hardwire-based communication module or wireless-based communication module. As examples, the communication modules may be a wired or wireless communication module that may provide wired or wireless-based protocol (e.g., WiFi, Z-Wave, ZigBee) communications between the extenders 250 and the device 10 and other devices (including other extenders 250) or a communication network such as a LAN or a WAN to which other devices are communicatively connected. Likewise, the communication modules may be a near field communication (NFC) module or a Bluetooth communication module, which may perform near field communications or Bluetooth communications in any known or desired manner with nearby NFC or Bluetooth enabled devices, thereby enabling wireless communication between the extenders 250 and the device 10 and other closely situated or closely located electronic devices. Still further, the communications modules may include a USB or other type of wired communication module for decoding and encoding USB-based communication signals to be sent out and received via the USB communication module(s). In the above-described manner, the extenders 250 can provide communication (e.g., connectivity) capability or functionality, or additional communication capability or functionality, to the device 10.
Moreover, one or more of the extenders 250 can include a display 254. The display can be similar to the flexible display 18 of the device, while in other cases the display can be a different type of display. The display can be an extension of the flexible display 18 of the device 10, while in other cases the display can be a separate display, such as, for example, an indicator display or a matrix display that, for example, reacts to certain user interactions, reacts to certain users wearing the device 10, provides different content, or performs some other desired functionality. In this manner, the extenders 250 can provide additional display capability or functionality to the device 10.
In some cases, it will be necessary for the device 10 to query the one or more extenders 250 to identify the extenders 250 and the functionalities or capabilities offered by those extenders 250. As such, the one or more extenders 250 can include a unique identifier that identifies the respective extender 250, its location, and its capabilities. Depending upon the communication capability or functionality provided by the respective extender 250, this unique identifier may be a unique NFC identifier, Bluetooth communication identifier, or some other identifier.
Finally, while not illustrated in
As briefly noted above, the one or more extenders 250 can be removably coupled to one or both of the ends 14A, 14B of the band 12. In some cases, one or more extenders 250 can be removably coupled to only one of the ends 14A, 14B, while in other cases one or more extenders 250 can be removably coupled to each end 14A, 14B. In the event that two or more extenders 250 are utilized, these extenders 250 will also be removably coupled to one another. The extenders 250 can be removably coupled to one another in the same manner as the extenders 250 are coupled to one or both of the ends or can be removably coupled to one another in a different manner.
Generally speaking, it is envisioned that the one or more extenders 250 can be removably coupled to one or both of the ends 14A, 14B and to one another using a number of different connection techniques or methods. If desired, one or more of the extenders 250 can be removably coupled via a mechanical connection such as, for example, a tab and a recess arrangement (e.g., similar to the tab and recess arrangement described above), a standard charging bus (e.g., 2-, 3-, or 4-wire charging bus), a snap arrangement, or some other mechanical connection that mechanically connects the extenders 250 and the device 10 but does not, on its own, facilitate electronic communication between the extender 250 and the device 10 and other extenders 250. In cases in which the extenders 250 are equipped with functionality as described above, the communication modules of the extenders 250 can facilitate the desired connection and communication once the extender(s) 250 is(are) mechanically connected. As an example, the communication modules may facilitate NFC, Bluetooth, Z-Wave, or other wireless communication. In other cases, the mechanical connection may be paired with an electronic connection (e.g., a data bus connection) that facilitates the desired communication. For example, the standard charging bus could be paired with a standard data bus (e.g., SPI, i2C) to facilitate both the desired mechanical and electronic communication. In still other cases, the mechanical connection may be sufficient; in other words, the user may only wish to adjust the length of the band 12 and may not be concerned with the functionality provided by the extenders 250.
In another embodiment, one or more of the extenders 250 can be removably coupled via a magnetic connection. As illustrated in
In cases in which the extender 250A is equipped with functionality as described above, the communication module(s) of the extender 250A can facilitate NFC, Bluetooth, Z-wave, or other wireless communication between the extender 250A and the device 10. In this way, the extender 250A can provide additional functionality or capability to the device 10.
In a further embodiment, one or more of the extenders 250 can be removably coupled via a dual mechanical-electronic connection that mechanically connects the one or more extenders 250 and the device 10 while simultaneously facilitating electronic communication between the extenders 250 and the device 10 and other extenders 250. For example, as illustrated in
When the first end 266A of the first extender 250B is brought into proximity with the end 14A of the band 12, the USB plug 262A of the first extender 250B can be inserted into the USB socket 274A formed in the end 14A of the band 12, thereby mechanically and electronically connecting the first extender 250B to the device 10. Likewise, when the first end 270A of the second extender 250C is brought into proximity with the end 14B of the band 12, the USB plug 262B of the second extender 250C can be inserted into the USB socket 274B formed in the end 14B of the band 12, thereby mechanically and electronically connecting the second extender 250C to the device 10. Similarly, when the first end 272A of the third extender 250D is brought into proximity with the second end 270B of the second extender 250C, the USB plug 262C of the third extender 250D can be inserted into the USB socket 274C formed in the end 270B of the second extender 250C, thereby mechanically and electronically connecting the third extender 250D to the second extender 250C, and, in turn, the rest of the device 10. The extended device 10 can then be folded around on itself as illustrated in
While the connection between the extenders 250B-250D and the device 10 in
Of course, if desired, one or more of the extenders 250 (e.g., the extender 250A of
It may be important to limit in the manner in which the flexible support 16 can bend or flex so as to protect the flexible display 18 and/or the touch screen interface 26 of
During operation, the protective members 202 provide additional protection to the flexible display 18 by reducing or minimizing touch events or contact with the upper surface of the flexible display 18 which occur, for example, when a user of the band 10 places his or her wrist down on a surface such as a flat surface like a table, a desk, etc. In particular, the raised protective elements 202 are preferably located along the portion or portions of the band 10 that are disposed adjacent to the bottom of the user's wrist when the band 10 is disposed around the user's wrist in the manner described with respect to the embodiment of
While
More particularly, while it is desirable to bend the flexible support 16, as illustrated in
As shown in
In
As with the spacers 70, the size, number, spacing and/or compressibility of the material forming the grooves 67 may be varied to define, and thus limit, the amount of torsional or other bending motion that can be applied to the support 16. For example, while the grooves 67 shown in
Alternatively, however, one or more of the grooves 67 can be spaced at different distances across the band 12, with the effect that different portions of the device 10 (e.g., the sides) can be bent or flexed more than other portions of the device 10 (e.g., the top and the bottom or one side versus the other side of the band). For example, in an embodiment illustrated in
In some cases, a user of the device 10 may find it necessary (e.g., for viewing the display 18) to bend the band 12. A user of the device may, for example, find it necessary to apply a small amount of torsional rotation to portions of the flexible display 18 and/or flex the side of the flexible display 18 around the longitudinal axis of the band 12. Such motion may be necessary when, for example, the device 10 is disposed along an arm of the user, as illustrated in
In
As with the transverse grooves 320, the size, width, number, and/or spacing of the longitudinal grooves 69 may be varied to adjust this maximum amount, limit flexing or rotation at certain points along the display 18, and/or facilitate flexing or rotation at certain points along the display 18. For example, the grooves 69 can be larger (e.g., wider) than what is illustrated in
Still further, while the functioning and configuration of a band and the routines performed on the band have been described with respect to a wrist band that is longer than it is wide, when laid flat, the same structure and techniques can be used for other types of bands, such as arm bands.
There are of course other manners of limiting the counter rotational bending motion of the band 12, i.e., a bending motion that would put the flexible display 18 on the inside of a circular band as opposed to the outside of the circular band as illustrated in
In
Of course, if desired, the shape and/or curvature of the wings 73 can be varied to permit more or less rotation about the pivot point 72. In some cases, it may be desirable to vary the shape and/or curvature of only some of the wings 73. For example, wings 73 that permit greater bending can be used at or along sections of the band 12 (e.g., the sections disposed along the sides of the wrist) where more curvature is desirable.
In some cases, the spacing between the pivot points 72 may be adjusted to control (e.g., adjust) the minimum radius of curvature at which the band 12 can be bent, and, in turn, provide a more comfortable oval-shaped band 12 when worn (in contrast to a less comfortable circular-shaped band 12). As shown in
As shown in
In some instances, it may be desirable to limit the number of configurations that the device 10 can take on, such as, for example, cheap-looking configurations, configurations that provide a confusing user experience, or configurations in which the device 10 is likely to be damaged. To this end, one or more of the pivot points can be connected together with or using an interconnecting wire. As shown in
In
Still further,
In any event, the configuration of the members 71 of
In the embodiment illustrated in
Generally speaking, the position of the less flexible portions 600 corresponds to portions of the article 10 where the required amount of flexing is limited (e.g., the portions of the article 10 disposed on the top and bottom of a wrist), while the position of the more flexible portions 604 corresponds to portions of the article 10 where the required amount of flexing is greater (e.g., the portions of the article 10 disposed adjacent the sides of the wrist). In any event, as illustrated in
Importantly, it is desirable to maximize the amount of the electronic display 18 that is continuously viewable to a user when, for example, the user has the band device 10 mounted on the user's wrist. To do so, the device 10 may be configured to cause the connection between and/or the overlap of the ends 14 of the band 12 to fall in a region that is near or adjacent to the outer side or edge of the user's wrist (i.e., the edge of the user's wrist that is on the side of the hand at which the pinky finger is located). Generally speaking, when the band 12 is disposed around a user's wrist, the flexible electronics display 18 forms a continuous display around the wrist from one end to the other end (when the ends 14 of the band 12 attach end-to-end) or from one end to a position at which one side of the band begins to overlap the other side of band (when the ends 14 of the band 12 overlap). It is desirable to place the discontinuity in the flexible electronics display 18 at the outer side of the user's wrist so that the flexible electronic display 18 is continuous through the portions of the band disposed near the top of the wrist, the inner side of the wrist and the bottom of the wrist (i.e., so that the discontinuity of the electronic display 18 caused by the connection of the ends of the band or the overlap of the ends of band falls at a position adjacent to the outer wrist of the user). When configured in this manner, the user may view a continuous display, i.e., one without a discontinuity caused by the ends of the band, as the user looks at the band at the top of his or her wrist (i.e., when the user's palm is facing downwardly), and as the user turns his or her wrist over to cause the user's palm to face upwardly. During this motion, the user views the display adjacent the top of the user's wrist, the display adjacent the inside of the user's wrist (on the index finger side of the hand), and the display adjacent the bottom of the user's wrist (on the same side of the wrist as the user's palm). As this is a natural range of motion of the user's wrist, it is desirable to provide a continuous display to the user during this motion.
To provide this maximal continuous usable display to the user, the device 10 may be configured to have a fixed position of the band that is to be placed adjacent to a fixed position of a user's wrist, such as on the top of the user's wrist. In this case, the ends of the band are sized or spaced from this fixed position to overlap or connect at a position that will end up being adjacent to the user's outer wrist when the band is disposed on or wrapped around the user's wrist. The outer wrist or outside of the wrist, in this case, may be defined by any position that is substantially within a particular quarter of the circumference of a circle, oval, or ellipse defined around a user's wrist, with the particular quarter being centered at the middle of the outer side of the user's wrist.
In this case, the electronics module 19 (or the cover associated with that module) acts as a reference mark or reference location that is to be placed at a particular position on a user's wrist, in this case, on the top of a user's wrist. When so placed, the sections of the band 12 extending out from the module 19 are sized to overlap at a position adjacent to the outer side of the wrist of the user.
For the sake of completeness,
While in
While the article 10 of
Similarly, although
As will be understood, the memory 44, the communication module 46, the display driver 48 and the touch screen controller 50, as well as the sensors 52 and other secondary electronic devices 53, are communicatively connected to the processor 42 and may operate to perform various functions in conjunction with applications or other programs implemented by the processor 42. Still further, each of these elements is connected to and is powered by the battery 40 in any known or desired manner. Still further, the electronics suite 38 of
In an embodiment, the power input port 56 may be a wireless input port for powering the article 10, and in this case may, for example, be part of a battery charger unit that operates to charge the battery 40 using, for example, an inductively coupled charging technique. If the battery charger unit is part of an inductively coupled charging system, it generally responds to electromagnetic waves produced by an exterior charging unit (not shown) to charge the battery 40 when the attachable article 10 is disposed near the external charging unit. In another case, the battery charger of the input port 56 may be a kinetic energy charger unit that converts motion of the device 10 (such as that associated with movement of an arm when the attachable electronic device 10 is in the form of a wristband) into electrical energy which is provided to charge the battery 40.
As will be understood, the processor 42, which may be a programmable, general-purpose processor or a specially programmed processor programmed using any desired type of hardware or firmware programming, generally coordinates and implements the operation of the display 18 and the associated electronic components as described in more detail herein. The computer readable memory 44 stores various applications, including for example the general operating system implemented by the processor 42, and various applications (illustrated as a set of applications 60 in
As an example, one or more of the applications 60 may implement various functionalities typically associated with standard computers or other types of electronic devices such as personal handheld electronic devices, including for example an e-mail application, an Internet or web-browsing application, an alarm clock application, a calendar application, a music-playing application such as an MP3 application, a video application, a digital picture slideshow application, a mapping application, an e-reading application which may provide books, notes, magazines or other types of articles, for reading by the user, etc. Still further, one or more of the applications 60 may operate on the processor 42 to turn the display 18 associated with the dynamically flexible, attachable device 10 into a slave display device that may be tied to or communicably coupled to an exterior master device that is generating content to be displayed via the flexible display 18. The master device, which may be a smart phone or a nearby computer device, may be wirelessly connected to the electronics suite 38 to provide content to be displayed on the flexible display 18 and will typically have more memory, and computing and processing power than the processor 42.
The communication module 46 of
As illustrated in
Returning to
Of course, the touch screen controller 50 is connected to a touch screen interface 26, if such an interface exists, and receives input signals from the touch screen interface 26. The controller 50 operates to decode these input signals to identify touch events that occur with respect to the touch screen interface 26. The touch screen interface 26 may be a capacitive touch screen interface or any other suitable type of touch screen interface disposed over the flexible display 18, and may be transparent in nature to thus enable the pixel elements of the display 18 to be viewable through the touch screen interface 26. Of course, other types of touch screen interfaces may be used instead or as well. In any event, the touch screen controller 50 operates to energize and control the touch screen interface 26, as well as to recognize and decode touch screen events to identify, for example, the location of each touch screen event, a type of a touch screen event, such as a tap or a swipe movement, etc. If desired, the touch screen controller 50 alone or in conjunction with the processor 42 may operate to determine or recognize gestures that are input via the touch screen interface 26, such gestures being, for example, a slide, a swipe, a multi-finger pinch or any other type of gesture that includes one or more finger movements coordinated with one another. Each such gesture may indicate an action to be taken on or via the device 10. Of course, the dynamically flexible, attachable article or device 10 may include other or different types of user input devices configured to detect user-generated gestures, such as interfaces that include buttons switches, roller balls, slide bars, pressure sensors, strain gauges, etc., disposed on, for example, one of the clasps 14 or elsewhere along the band 12. Such user interfaces may enable the user to perform more rudimentary functions, such as scrolling movements, on-off powering movements, mode switching, etc. that are traditionally entered via actuate-able buttons or switches. In one case, the processor may determine, based on input from the user via the touchscreen, such as a set up program, a calibration program or a stored user preference, whether the band is disposed on a left wrist or a right wrist of a user and thus determine the relative positioning or orientation of images to be displayed on the electronic display 18 so that they are best viewable by the user.
As previously discussed, the sensors 52 may include any of various different types of sensors. In an embodiment, the sensors 52 may include one or more gyroscopes which detect movement of or the orientation of the band 12, rapid shaking of the band 12, etc. One or more of these types of movements may be considered to be a particular type of input or user input, such as a gesture to reset the device 10, to change a mode of the device 10, etc. Likewise, the output of such gyroscopes can be used by the microprocessor 42 to determine the orientation or direction of the flexible display 18 to enable the microprocessor 42, or an application 60 executed on the microprocessor 42, to determine the proper orientation of the image to be displayed on the flexible display 18. In some instances, such motion detection and position detection devices might be located in two or more of the fasteners 14 or other electronics modules 19, to enable the device 10 to more accurately determine whether the device 10 is oriented around a wrist or other circular member or whether it is instead laid out flat or oriented in some other manner. The microprocessor 42 or an application executed thereon may change functionality, behavior, and/or actions of the device 10 based on the detected orientation of the band 12.
In some cases, the sensors 52 include one or more pressure or force sensors and/or strain gauges which detect pressure, strain, or similar forces that are considered to be an input to cause the functionality, behavior, and/or actions of the device 10 to change, e.g., reset the device 10, change a mode of the device 10, change a presentation displayed on the flexible display 18 of the device 10, etc. In one example, two pressure or force sensors are positioned on or attached to the band 12 (e.g., as part of the backplane of the flexible 18 or as part of the support 16 so that when the dynamically flexible device 10 is attached to itself in a generally circular or looped configuration, the pressure or force sensors are diametrically opposed to each other.
To illustrate,
Different locations of squeezing along the band 12 of the flexible device 10 may correspond to different desired functionality, actions, modes and/or behaviors. For example, a detected squeeze along a first diametric axis proximate to the fastener 14 may indicate that the device 10 is to be turned off, whereas a detected squeeze along another axis may indicate that a particular application 60 stored in the memory 44 is to be launched.
In some cases, for a given axis of applied force, different signals generated by a same pressure sensor correspond to different degrees of detected force, and thus to different behaviors. For example, a squeeze of a significant force (e.g., so that both sides of the loop almost touch) that is applied over a pre-defined time duration may indicate that the device 10 is to be turned off, whereas a series of less forceful squeezes at the same location(s) may control a speaker volume. In some cases, a resulting behavior of the device 10 is based on a differential between the respective magnitudes of the forces detected at multiple sensors. For instance, if one pressure sensor detects a significantly larger force than another pressure sensor, this condition may be indicative of the device 10 being dropped rather than a user intentionally squeezing the device 10 to elicit a desired behavior or action.
In an embodiment, particular actions that are to be performed by the device 10 are based on types of squeezes or applied forces to the band 12 (e.g., particular magnitudes, locations, durations, and/or numbers of squeezes or applied forces to the band 12). The mappings between type of applied forces and desired resultant device behavior or action may be configurable. For example, the user may change one or more mappings directly at the band 12 via a user interface of the device 10, or the user may cause mapping changes to be downloaded into the memory 44 of the device 10. Of course, all detection and action recognition may be performed by appropriate software running in the processor of the device based on the signals provided by the sensors 500, 504.
In
Referring back to
As will be understood, the various different electronic devices or components disposed in or shown in the electronic suite 38 of
In a general sense, the flexible display 18 of any or all of the embodiments described herein may be manufactured as any type of flexible display, such as an e-paper display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, etc. and this flexible display, once manufactured, may then be formed, curved or bent in various manners. Generally speaking, flexible display 18 may be made of two flexible substrates including a backplane flexible substrate and frontplane flexible substrate placed back to back, next to one another, or laminated onto each other. In the case of e-paper, an additional layer of material such as an adhesive may be included in the frontplane and disposed between the backplane and the frontplane. In some cases, such as with the use of active-matrix OLEDs, electrophoretic displays (EPDs), e-paper, electronic ink displays, e-reader displays, liquid-crystal displays (LCDs), or other active-matrix type displays, the backplane includes a plurality of semiconductor devices or elements, e.g., an array of transistors and/or other elements, disposed thereon for driving or providing energization to individual lighting, transmitting, or reflective elements disposed in a similar array on the frontplane or on top of the transistors and/or other elements. The semiconductor devices or elements may be formed on the backplane in any known or desired manner, such as by etching, dye cut forming, printing, sputtering, spin-coating, spray coating, other deposition or patterning techniques, or combinations thereof, etc. Likewise, the light emitting, transmitting, or reflective elements may be formed as any desired types of light emitting, transmitting, or reflective elements using these same or different techniques, and the elements may include light emitting diodes (LEDs), OLEDs, e-paper, liquid crystal, etc. In the case of e-paper, for example, the frontplane and the backplane may be formed with black and white, oppositely charged particles suspended in a clear fluid which, when put in an electric field, will cause the black or the white particles to drift to the top of the display to create a white state, a black state, or an intermediate grey state. In any case, the substrate of the backplane and the frontplane may be formed of the same material or of a different flexible material, such as plastic or flexible glass, and these materials may have the same or different flexibility properties, as long as both materials are able to flex to the curvature needed for bending the electronic display 18.
More particularly, the flexible displays illustrated herein, may be manufactured as a flexible display, such as an e-paper display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, etc. Generally speaking, the flexible displays may be constructed on two flexible substrates, or may be constructed on one flexible substrate but having at least two flexible substrates. The flexible substrates may include a backplane display area and frontplane display area placed back to back, next to one another, or laminated onto each other. The frontplane display area comprises an array of optic elements (e.g., electro-optic elements) provided on a first flexible substrate that are capable of displaying an image, while the backplane display area comprises an array of semiconductor devices or elements (e.g., transistor elements) provided on a second flexible substrate for driving or providing energization to the optic elements on the frontplane. Materials suitable for use as the flexible substrate for either the frontplane and/or the backplane include, but are not limited to, various plastic substrates such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). Metallic foils or flexible glass also may be used.
Preferably, the backplane display area comprises an array of thin film transistors (TFTs) provided on a flexible, plastic substrate such as PET. The TFT array may include switching and/or driving TFTs, and additional elements such as storage capacitors, and interconnect wiring. An individual TFT element generally is made by successive deposition and patterning of conductor (i.e., source, drain, and gate electrodes), insulator (i.e., dielectric) and semiconductor thin film layers. The active semiconductor layer can be composed of either organic (small-molecule or polymeric semiconductors) or inorganic materials (such as amorphous silicon, low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, graphene, carbon nanotube, and metal oxide semiconductors).
The TFT array may preferably comprise organic TFTs (OTFTs) based upon an organic semiconductor described in at least one of U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,585,914; 6,608,323; 6,991,749; 7,374,702; 7,528,176; 7,569,693; 7,605,225; 7,671,202; 7,816,480; 7,842,198; 7,892,454; 7,893,265; 7,902,363; 7,947,837; 7,982,039; 8,022,214; 8,329,855; 8,404,844; 8,440,828; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0252112; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0283047; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0326527; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0120558; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0136333; and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2013/0062598, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes. While OTFTs may include metallic contacts and a dielectric layer composed of silicon oxide (SiO2) or another inorganic oxide or nitride (such as Al2O3, HfO2, SiO2, or Si3N4), a dielectric layer composed of an electrically insulating polymer may be preferred. Exemplary polymeric dielectric materials include polyacrylates, polyimides, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polyester, polycarbonate, polyhaloethylene, epoxy resins, siloxane polymers, benzocyclobutene-based polymers. Other polymeric dielectrics are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,605,394; 7,981,989; 8,093,588; 8,274,075; 8,338,555; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0175089; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0215334; and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2012/0068314. Conductive polymers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) may be used as alternative materials for metallic contacts in OTFTs.
Preferably, the TFT array may comprise metal oxide TFTs based upon a metal oxide semiconductor. For example, the metal oxide semiconductor can be selected from various mixed oxides including one or more of indium, zinc, tin, and gallium such as indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc tin oxide (ZTO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), and indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO). In a more preferred embodiment, the TFT array may comprise IGZO TFTs. While state-of-the art IGZO TFTs usually include thick layers of inorganic materials such as SiO2, SiOx, Si3N4, and SiOxNy as dielectric and passivation layers, it is preferred that if the TFT array backplane comprises metal oxide TFTs, organic materials are used in at least some of the dielectric and passivation layers, such that the thickness of the remaining inorganic layer(s) may be reduced to allow maximum flexibility of the TFT array as whole. Metal oxide TFTs incorporating one or more organic layers are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,017,458; 8,097,877; 8,395,150; and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2012/0223314, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes.
In some scenarios, such as for an electrophoretic or e-reader display, the frontplane display area may be laminated, sealed to, or otherwise secured onto the backplane display area. The frontplane display area may be produced by forming a subassembly that comprises, in sequence, a flexible substrate, a conductive electrode layer, an electro-optic layer, and optionally, an adhesive layer to allow lamination to the backplane. In the case of an OLED display, the electro-optic layer is sandwiched between two electrode layers and is typically built on the TFT array. Generally, at least one of the two electrode layers is transparent, often composed of a transparent conductive oxide such as indium tin oxide (ITO). The electro-optic layer is composed of an organic material capable of emitting light when a voltage is applied across the two electrode layers. The organic light-emitting material may have a stacked structure including a plurality of different organic layers. In addition to one or more emissive layers, the stacked structure may include additional layers such as a hole-injection layer, a hole-transport layer, an electron-transport layer, a hole-blocking layer, and/or an electron-blocking layer to enhance device performance. Individual OLED elements may have different emitters (for example, a red emitter, a green emitter, or a blue emitter) in their emissive layer to provide a colored image. Exemplary OLED device structures and materials are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,707,745, 5,844,363, 6,097,147, 6,303,238, and 8,334,545, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes.
In the case of an e-paper display, the electro-optic layer may be composed of an encapsulated electrophoretic medium. The encapsulated electrophoretic medium generally comprises numerous small capsules, each of which itself comprises an internal phase containing electrophoretically-mobile (e.g., black and/or white) particles suspended in a liquid suspending medium, and a capsule wall surrounding the internal phase. Typically, the capsules are themselves held within a polymeric binder to form a coherent layer positioned between two electrode layers. Most commonly, one electrode layer has the form of a single continuous electrode, while the other electrode layer is patterned into a matrix of pixel electrodes, each of which defines one pixel of the display. Electronic charges are applied to the capsules to bring particles of a selected color to the surface. Electrophoretic media and related display device structures are described in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,930,026; 6,831,769; 6,839,158; and 7,170,670, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes. In addition to electrophoretic displays, other e-paper display technologies include electrowetting displays, and electrofluidic displays as described in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,446,945 and 8,111,465, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes.
To integrate the TFT array backplane with the frontplane for a completed display system, the bottom or pixel electrode of the frontplane is (connected) to the drain or source electrode of the switching TFT in an e-paper display, and the driving TFT in an active matrix OLED (AMOLED) display.
Various organic layers on either the frontplane and/or the backplane may be formed on the flexible substrate by solution-phase deposition techniques such as spin-coating, slot coating, die coating, printing (e.g., inkjet printing, screen printing, pad printing, offset printing, gravure printing, flexographic printing, lithographic printing, mass-printing and the like), spray coating, electrospray coating, drop casting, dip coating, and blade coating. Inorganic (e.g., metallic or metal oxide) layers usually are deposited by physical or chemical vapor deposition methods (e.g., sputtering), but may be solution-processed if a soluble precursor is available. The layers may be patterned into specific elements by photolithography, either by use of the intrinsic photosensitivity of the layers (e.g., certain polymeric layers) or by use of a photoresist (e.g., metallic, metal oxide, or small-molecule organic layers).
Moreover, it may be desirable to manufacture the flexible display 18 in a manner that maximizes the amount of the display area space viewable on the top layer of the device 10, i.e., that is viewable on the band 12. In this regard,
As illustrated in
In some cases (for example, due to the size of the display area 80, the material composition of the flexible display 18, etc.), bending the backplane layer 81 so that the electrodes or connectors 82 are under the display area 80 may cause undesirable effects, such as interference between various electrical components of the backplane layer 81. Further, in order for the flexible display 18 to be as dynamically flexible as possible, the impact of the more rigid portions of the backplane layer 81 (e.g., the portions which support the less-flexible or rigid driving circuits 88) on the flexibility of the display area 80 is desired to be minimized. Still further, a minimum border extending from the display area 80 and viewable to a user may be necessary to seal the top and bottom layers of the flexible display 18, e.g., by using an environmental barrier material for the frontplane and backplane substrates and the seal, or by some other means. In electrophoretic displays, for instance, the required width of a border for sealing is typically around 2 to 6 mm.
As will be understood, the dynamically flexible, attachable article or device 10 as described above can be configured and operated in many different manners to perform many different functions at the same or at different times. For example, the device 10 may operate to execute any number of different types of applications including, for example, calendar applications, e-mail applications, web-browsing applications, picture, image or video display applications, stop-watch or other timing applications, alarm clock or alarming applications, location based applications including for example mapping applications, navigational applications, etc. In some cases, various different applications or functionality may be performed simultaneously, and different sections or portions of the flexible display 18 may be used to display information associated with the different applications. For example, one portion of the flexible display 18 may be used to illustrate calendar information provided by a calendar application, another portion of the flexible display 18 may be used to illustrate e-mails associated with an e-mail application and a still further portion of the flexible display 18 may be used to display a clock or stop watch associated with a timing application. Still further, the applications 60 executed on the device 10 may be executed on and display information computed solely with the electronics suite 38 of the device 10. In another case, one or more applications 60 may be executed on the processor 42 of the device 10 to interface with and display information received from external computing devices, such as a mobile phone, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, etc. In this case, the device 10 may act as a slave display device or may operate in conjunction with information received from the external computing device to provide information, graphics, etc. to a user on the flexible display 18 of the device 10. The device 10 may communicate with external devices or an external network via any desired communication hardware, software and communications protocol, including any LAN or WAN based protocol, an NFC protocol, a Bluetooth protocol, an IP protocol, an RFID protocol, etc.
As illustrated in
In a still further mode, illustrated in
As part of one of these or other uses, the device 10 may be separately connectable to magnetic strips or other exteriorly located magnetic or metallic devices to which the magnets 20 and 22 within the end pieces 14 are magnetically attracted. In this case, the strips may have communication modules therein or associated therewith that communicate with and enable the device 10 to determine the location of the device 10 and to thus control the default functionality of the device 10. That is, the device 10 may be placed around someone's wrist and used in various different modes to provide information to the user as it is wrapped around the wrist. However, the device 10 might also be taken off the wrist and applied to other surfaces, such as on tables, desks, car dashboards, refrigerators, nightstands, or any other surface. In this case, the device 10 may automatically operate to detect its current location and provide various default or automatic functionality based on the determined location. As an example,
Here, in addition to include a metal, magnet or other magnetic material, one or more of the magnetic strips 100 may include a location detection mechanism 101 therein, such as an RFID tag, a Bluetooth or near field communication module, or any other kind of passive or active communication technology that communicates with the communication module 46 within the device 10, to indicate the location or a unique identifier of the strip 100 and thus the current location of the device 10 when the device 10 is disposed near or adjacent the strips 100. In this case, each or at least one of the strips 100 may include a unique RFID tag, NFC identifier, Bluetooth communication identifier or other identifier that identifies itself and/or its precise location. An application executed within the device 10, such as one of the applications 60 of
Once the RFID tag or other identifier of the strip 100 is determined via communication with the module 101, the device 10 and, in particular, the microprocessor 42 thereof, may execute a particular application indicating or providing certain functionality associated with the location or positioning of the device 10 at that strip 100. Thus, the strips 100 may be placed on a refrigerator, and when so used, may disclose particular information necessary or generally associated with kitchen usage, such as a shopping list, a calorie count of particular foods that the user might be eating, a clock or other type of alarm mechanism for timing the cooking or refrigeration of certain food items, etc. On the other hand, the device 10 may be removed from a strip 100 on the refrigerator, and placed next to a different strip, such as that located in bedroom, and there default to operate as alarm clock. In a still further usage, the device 10 may be removed and taken to an office and, when set on or near strips associated with or pre-identified with the office, automatically display e-mail accounts or calendar information that is typically more useful and associated with an office environment. Still further, the device 10 might be then taken off and put on a car dashboard having strips thereon which identifies the wristband device as being located on the car dashboard. In this case, the device 10 might provide information more useful within a car, such as executing an application that interfaces with a navigation device and acts as a slave display to the navigation device, to thereby display information provided by the navigation device to a user in a more easily accessible manner up on the dashboard. The device 10 may also or instead operate as a compass and show cardinal directions, as a clock, etc.
Of course, it will be understood, that the use of the strips 100 and the identifiers associated with the strips 100, which might communicate via, for example, RFID, NFC, Bluetooth or any other desired communication hardware and protocols, enables the device 10 to have automatic default functionality based on its location. The sensors 52 and other electronic devices 53 within the device 10 may also be used to provide default functionality. For example, the gyroscopes or accelerometers may be used to detect the orientation of the device 10, e.g., whether the device 10 is located more horizontally or vertically, and this orientation may be used to control the manner or direction in which information is displayed on the flexible display 18. The sensors 52 and devices 53 may also detect whether the device 10 is undergoing movement or acceleration, which might cause the device 10 to have different functionality or to change a display in some manner.
As another example,
Moreover, as illustrated in
More generally, the user may be able to program or configure the device 10 to operate in any desired manner, including any desired default manner, based on the detected location, position, orientation, or movement of the device 10. In this case, a configuration application may be executed in a processor of a computer device to develop or configure the operation of the device 10, including the various operational modes of the device 10, the various default settings based on the mode of the device 10, the motions or actions or locations that may trigger particular modes of the device 10, inputs or gestures associated with each mode or application of the device 10 and what those inputs or gestures may mean in the context of the device 10, etc. As an example,
In addition, as illustrated in
In another case, the configuration screen 160 may enable the user to define one or more gestures 180 associated with a particular mode or a particular application on the device 10. Thus, for example, the user might define a gesture that, when detected on the touch screen interface 26 of the device 10, such as a swipe gesture, a pinch gesture, a double tap gesture, etc. causes the device 10 to operate in a certain manner, such as to switch between modes, to change orientation of the image on the display 18, to cause portions of the displayed information to move or to appear or disappear, or to cause a particular action within an application, such as to pull up new information, etc. Additionally or alternatively, the user might define one or more gestures that are detectable by one or more of the sensors 52, such as a rapid shaking, or such as a magnitude, duration, and/or a number of squeezing forces applied to the outer faces of the device 10 when the device 10 is in a looped configuration. Thus, using the configuration application screen 160, the user may define various different gestures or may preprogram various gestures to define desired device functionality, such as switching between modes, turning on and off the device or applications, switching applications, moving images or content of particular applications on the display 18, taking actions within an application, etc. As a further example, one gesture may be defined by the user to unlock the device 10 or allow operation of the device 10 such as implementing a locking or security feature. In this case, is not necessary that the device 10 display numbers or have the user pick a set of numbers but instead, gestures might enable the user to define an action that will unlock device, such as a swipe in one direction, two taps and a swipe in a particular direction, etc. Of course, the same gesture could be used for different types of operations in different modes of the device 10 or with different applications implemented by the device 10, and any combination of gestures might be used with any combination of applications or modes to enable different functionality or to enable the functionality of the device 10 be programmed in various manners. Once configured as such, the configuration data as selected by the user via the configuration application 158 on the computer 150 can be downloaded to the device 10, either wirelessly or via a wired connection, and stored in the memory 44 thereof and then be used by the operating system of the device 10 to operate.
The following additional considerations apply to the foregoing discussion. Throughout this specification, plural instances may implement components, operations, or structures described as a single instance. Although individual operations of one or more routines or methods are illustrated and described as separate operations, one or more of the individual operations may be performed concurrently, and nothing requires that the operations be performed in the order illustrated. Structures and functionality presented as separate components in example configurations may be implemented as a combined structure or component. Similarly, structures and functionality presented as a single component may be implemented as separate components. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements fall within the scope of the subject matter of the present disclosure.
Additionally, certain embodiments are described herein as including logic or a number of components, modules, or mechanisms or units. Modules and units may constitute either software modules (e.g., code stored on a non-transitory machine-readable medium) or hardware modules. A hardware module is tangible unit capable of performing certain operations and may be configured or arranged in a certain manner. In example embodiments, one or more computer systems (e.g., a standalone, client or server computer system) or one or more hardware modules of a computer system (e.g., a processor or a group of processors) may be configured by software (e.g., an application or application portion) as a hardware module that operates to perform certain operations as described herein.
A hardware module may comprise dedicated circuitry or logic that is permanently configured (e.g., as a special-purpose processor, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) to perform certain operations. A hardware module may also include programmable logic or circuitry (e.g., as encompassed within a general-purpose processor or other programmable processor) that is temporarily configured by software to perform certain operations. It will be appreciated that the decision to implement a hardware module in dedicated and permanently configured circuitry or in temporarily configured circuitry (e.g., configured by software) may be driven by cost and time considerations.
Accordingly, the hardware terms used herein should be understood to encompass tangible entities, be that entities that are physically constructed, permanently configured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarily configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a certain manner or to perform certain operations described herein. Considering embodiments in which hardware modules are temporarily configured (e.g., programmed), each of the hardware modules need not be configured or instantiated at any one instance in time. For example, where the hardware modules comprise a general-purpose processor configured using software, the general-purpose processor may be configured as respective different hardware modules at different times. Software may accordingly configure a processor, for example, to constitute a particular hardware module at one instance of time and to constitute a different hardware module at a different instance of time.
Hardware and software modules can provide information to, and receive information from, other hardware and/or software modules. Accordingly, the described hardware modules may be regarded as being communicatively coupled. Where multiple of such hardware or software modules exist contemporaneously, communications may be achieved through signal transmission (e.g., over appropriate circuits, lines and buses) that connect the hardware or software modules. In embodiments in which multiple hardware modules or software are configured or instantiated at different times, communications between such hardware or software modules may be achieved, for example, through the storage and retrieval of information in memory structures to which the multiple hardware or software modules have access. For example, one hardware or software module may perform an operation and store the output of that operation in a memory device to which it is communicatively coupled. A further hardware or software module may then, at a later time, access the memory device to retrieve and process the stored output. Hardware and software modules may also initiate communications with input or output devices, and can operate on a resource (e.g., a collection of information).
The various operations of example methods described herein may be performed, at least partially, by one or more processors that are temporarily configured (e.g., by software) or permanently configured to perform the relevant operations. Whether temporarily or permanently configured, such processors may constitute processor-implemented modules that operate to perform one or more operations or functions. The modules referred to herein may, in some example embodiments, include processor-implemented modules.
Similarly, the methods or routines described herein may be at least partially processor-implemented. For example, at least some of the operations of a method may be performed by one or processors or processor-implemented hardware modules. The performance of certain of the operations may be distributed among the one or more processors, not only residing within a single machine, but deployed across a number of machines. In some example embodiments, the processor or processors may be located in a single location (e.g., within a home environment, an office environment or as a server farm), while in other embodiments the processors may be distributed across a number of locations.
Some portions of this specification are presented in terms of algorithms or symbolic representations of operations on data stored as bits or binary digital signals within a machine memory (e.g., a computer memory). These algorithms or symbolic representations are examples of techniques used by those of ordinary skill in the data processing arts to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. As used herein, an “application,” an “algorithm” or a “routine” is a self-consistent sequence of operations or similar processing leading to a desired result. In this context, applications, algorithms, routines and operations involve physical manipulation of physical quantities. Typically, but not necessarily, such quantities may take the form of electrical, magnetic, or optical signals capable of being stored, accessed, transferred, combined, compared, or otherwise manipulated by a machine. It is convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to such signals using words such as “data,” “content,” “bits,” “values,” “elements,” “symbols,” “characters,” “terms,” “numbers,” “numerals,” or the like. These words, however, are merely convenient labels and are to be associated with appropriate physical quantities.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, discussions herein using words such as “processing,” “computing,” “calculating,” “determining,” “presenting,” “displaying,” or the like may refer to actions or processes of a machine (e.g., a computer) that manipulates or transforms data represented as physical (e.g., electronic, magnetic, or optical) quantities within one or more memories (e.g., volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination thereof), registers, or other machine components that receive, store, transmit, or display information.
As used herein any reference to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular element, feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Some embodiments may be described using the expression “coupled” and “connected” along with their derivatives. For example, some embodiments may be described using the term “coupled” to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact. The term “coupled,” however, may also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other. The embodiments are not limited in this context.
As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to an inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).
In addition, use of “a” or “an” is employed to describe elements and components of the embodiments herein. This is done merely for convenience and to give a general sense of the description. This description should be read to include one or at least one and the singular also includes the plural unless it is obvious that it is meant otherwise.
Upon reading this disclosure, those of skill in the art will appreciate still additional alternative structural and functional designs for implementing display features via a flexible electronic display on a dynamically flexible, attachable article as disclosed herein. Thus, while particular embodiments and applications have been illustrated and described herein, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the precise construction and components disclosed herein. Various modifications, changes and variations, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, may be made in the arrangement, operation and details of the methods and structure disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope defined in the claims.
This application is a continuation application of International Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/52957 filed Aug. 27, 2014, which claims priority to and the benefit of the filing dates of: U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/870,781 entitled “ATTACHABLE DEVICE WITH AN INTEGRAL FLEXIBLE DISPLAY” and filed on Aug. 27, 2013 (Ref. No.: 32187-47794P); U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/920,705 entitled “DYNAMICALLY FLEXIBLE, ATTACHABLE DEVICE HAVING AN INTEGRAL FLEXIBLE DISPLAY” and filed on Dec. 24, 2013 (Ref. No.: 32187-48118P); U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/969,531 entitled “DYNAMICALLY FLEXIBLE, ATTACHABLE DEVICE HAVING A FLEXIBLE ELECTRONIC DISPLAY” and filed on Mar. 24, 2014 (Ref. No.: 32187-47794P2); U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/972,067 entitled “ATTACHABLE BAND DEVICE HAVING A FLEXIBLE ELECTRONIC DISPLAY WITH MAXIMAL CONTINUOUS USABLE DISPLAY,” filed on Mar. 28, 2014 (Ref. No.: 32187-48476P); and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/979,499 entitled “FLEXIBLE BAND DEVICE WITH FLEXIBLE ELECTRONIC DISPLAY PROTECTION FEATURES,” filed on Apr. 14, 2014 (Ref. No.: 32187-48480P). The entire disclosure of each of these applications is hereby expressly incorporated by reference herein for all uses and purposes.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4015423 | Brunet | Apr 1977 | A |
| 4834376 | Steinberg | May 1989 | A |
| 5065376 | Choulat | Nov 1991 | A |
| 5162696 | Goodrich | Nov 1992 | A |
| 5438488 | Dion | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5438851 | Geissbuhler | Aug 1995 | A |
| 5644858 | Bemis | Jul 1997 | A |
| 5707745 | Forrest et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
| 5844363 | Gu et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
| 5889737 | Alameh | Mar 1999 | A |
| 5930026 | Jacobson et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
| 5930921 | Sorofman et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5931764 | Freeman et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
| 5980409 | Blase | Nov 1999 | A |
| 6011309 | Ahn | Jan 2000 | A |
| 6097147 | Baldo et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
| 6134965 | Somville | Oct 2000 | A |
| 6196932 | Marsh et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
| 6212133 | McCoy et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
| 6303238 | Thompson et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
| 6369865 | Hinata | Apr 2002 | B2 |
| 6503188 | August | Jan 2003 | B1 |
| 6577496 | Gioscia et al. | Jun 2003 | B1 |
| 6585914 | Marks et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
| 6608323 | Marks et al. | Aug 2003 | B2 |
| 6619835 | Kita | Sep 2003 | B2 |
| 6750607 | Huitema et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
| 6831769 | Holman et al. | Dec 2004 | B2 |
| 6837590 | Marston | Jan 2005 | B2 |
| 6839158 | Albert et al. | Jan 2005 | B2 |
| 6991749 | Marks et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 7170670 | Webber | Jan 2007 | B2 |
| 7180665 | Daniel et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
| 7209114 | Radley-Smith | Apr 2007 | B2 |
| 7278093 | Jablonski et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
| 7374702 | Marks et al. | May 2008 | B2 |
| 7384814 | Huitema et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
| 7446945 | Kuiper et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
| 7453452 | Huitema et al. | Nov 2008 | B2 |
| 7528176 | Marks et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
| 7564436 | Huitema et al. | Jul 2009 | B2 |
| 7569693 | Marks et al. | Aug 2009 | B2 |
| 7605225 | Marks et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
| 7618260 | Daniel et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
| 7667962 | Mullen | Feb 2010 | B2 |
| 7671202 | Marks et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
| 7710370 | Slikkerveer et al. | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7714801 | Kimmel | May 2010 | B2 |
| 7755605 | Daniel et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
| 7786951 | Huitema et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7787097 | Satoh | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7787917 | Aoki et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
| 7816480 | Marks et al. | Oct 2010 | B2 |
| 7842198 | Marks et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
| 7892454 | Facchetti et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
| 7893265 | Facchetti et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
| 7902363 | Facchetti et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
| 7947837 | Marks et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
| 7956820 | Huitema et al. | Jun 2011 | B2 |
| 7965258 | Aoki | Jun 2011 | B2 |
| 7982039 | Marks et al. | Jul 2011 | B2 |
| 8017458 | Marks et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
| 8022214 | Facchetti et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
| 8077283 | Van Veenendaal et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
| 8097877 | Marks et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
| 8111465 | Heikenfeld et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
| 8117903 | Golden et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
| 8125434 | Huitema et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
| 8151501 | Bemelmans et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
| 8196267 | Nalley et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
| 8199471 | Bemelmans et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
| 8237909 | Ostreko et al. | Aug 2012 | B2 |
| 8279166 | Huitema et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
| 8325143 | Destura et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
| 8329855 | Usta et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
| 8334545 | Levermore et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
| 8358275 | Huitema | Jan 2013 | B2 |
| 8380327 | Park | Feb 2013 | B2 |
| 8395150 | Marks et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
| 8404844 | Kastler et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
| 8414411 | Stites et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
| 8440828 | Quinn et al. | May 2013 | B2 |
| 8446549 | Huitema et al. | May 2013 | B2 |
| 8466851 | Huitema et al. | Jun 2013 | B2 |
| D686217 | Andre | Jul 2013 | S |
| 8474146 | Hartford et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
| 8477250 | Schellingerhout et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
| 8482909 | Douglas | Jul 2013 | B2 |
| 8493714 | Visser et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
| 8502788 | Cho | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8508468 | Huitema | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8508920 | Huitema et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8514213 | van Veenendaal et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
| 8536579 | Sele et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
| 8537104 | Markvoort et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
| 8547293 | Van Lieshout et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8547325 | Huitema | Oct 2013 | B2 |
| 8618448 | Alexander | Dec 2013 | B2 |
| 9030419 | Freed | May 2015 | B1 |
| 9176530 | Rothkopf et al. | Nov 2015 | B2 |
| 9223494 | DeSalvo et al. | Dec 2015 | B1 |
| 9510470 | Huitema et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
| 9560751 | Huitema et al. | Jan 2017 | B2 |
| 9629120 | Ryu et al. | Apr 2017 | B2 |
| 9642241 | Huitema et al. | May 2017 | B2 |
| 20010004808 | Hurwitz | Jun 2001 | A1 |
| 20020019296 | Freeman et al. | Feb 2002 | A1 |
| 20020027634 | Kang et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
| 20020070926 | Kavanagh | Jun 2002 | A1 |
| 20030046849 | Lin | Mar 2003 | A1 |
| 20030182924 | Tsutsumi et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20030197597 | Bahl et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
| 20040052044 | Mochizuki et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040189605 | Shih | Sep 2004 | A1 |
| 20040212968 | Lin | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040266496 | Kauhaniemi et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20050110785 | Ochiai et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
| 20060020469 | Rast | Jan 2006 | A1 |
| 20060055691 | Bursett | Mar 2006 | A1 |
| 20060077127 | Sampsell et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060096392 | Inkster et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
| 20060132025 | Gao et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
| 20060202618 | Ishii et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060204675 | Gao et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060209218 | Lee et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
| 20060238494 | Narayanaswami et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
| 20060262098 | Okamoto | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060273304 | Cok | Dec 2006 | A1 |
| 20070090420 | Chu et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
| 20070117600 | Robertson et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070120813 | Huitema et al. | May 2007 | A1 |
| 20070195067 | Zotov et al. | Aug 2007 | A1 |
| 20070205997 | Lieshout et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
| 20070228952 | Kwon et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
| 20070279852 | Daniel et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
| 20080018631 | Hioki et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
| 20080037374 | Chu et al. | Feb 2008 | A1 |
| 20080094314 | Huitema et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20080094322 | Sarma et al. | Apr 2008 | A1 |
| 20080100636 | Lai et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
| 20080150928 | Van Der Hoef et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
| 20080198184 | Schellingerhout et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080204367 | Lafarre et al. | Aug 2008 | A1 |
| 20080212271 | Misawa | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080218369 | Krans et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080223708 | Joo | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080223746 | Van Rens et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20080248838 | Chiang | Oct 2008 | A1 |
| 20080271429 | Komiya | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20080278472 | Huitema et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20080291225 | Arneson | Nov 2008 | A1 |
| 20080316580 | Gillies et al. | Dec 2008 | A1 |
| 20090067123 | Huitema et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
| 20090122007 | Tsuzaki et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
| 20090189878 | Goertz et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
| 20090197749 | Merkel et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
| 20090219225 | Cope | Sep 2009 | A1 |
| 20090251888 | Douglas | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090267969 | Sakamoto | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090290117 | Watanabe et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
| 20090296249 | van Lieshout et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
| 20100033435 | Huitema | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100045705 | Vertegaal et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100050133 | Nishihara et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
| 20100117975 | Cho | May 2010 | A1 |
| 20100127965 | Park | May 2010 | A1 |
| 20100156868 | Hirayama | Jun 2010 | A1 |
| 20100164973 | Huitema et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| 20100194785 | Huitema et al. | Aug 2010 | A1 |
| 20100231544 | Lu et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100238098 | Watanabe | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100238612 | Hsiao et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
| 20100252112 | Watson | Oct 2010 | A1 |
| 20100259524 | Markvoort et al. | Oct 2010 | A1 |
| 20100283047 | Facchetti et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100295761 | van Lieshout et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
| 20100315225 | Teague | Dec 2010 | A1 |
| 20100320448 | Sele et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
| 20100326527 | Facchetti et al. | Dec 2010 | A1 |
| 20110003665 | Burton et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
| 20110043976 | Visser et al. | Feb 2011 | A1 |
| 20110048619 | Meinders et al. | Mar 2011 | A1 |
| 20110090155 | Caskey et al. | Apr 2011 | A1 |
| 20110109654 | Van Veenendaal et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110120558 | Facchetti et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110122593 | van Lieshout et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110124375 | Stuivenwold | May 2011 | A1 |
| 20110128260 | Huitema et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110128266 | Chiu et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110136333 | Facchetti et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110148797 | Huitema et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110157046 | Lee et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
| 20110185612 | Waggoner | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| 20110187681 | Kim et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
| 20110227080 | Roh et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
| 20110227855 | Kim et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
| 20110256649 | Huitema et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
| 20110279418 | Han et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110279442 | Hage et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
| 20110310035 | Kim et al. | Dec 2011 | A1 |
| 20120007796 | Jokinen et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
| 20120038861 | van Lieshout et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
| 20120080462 | Hajarian | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120083705 | Yuen et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120086691 | van Lieshout et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
| 20120105333 | Maschmeyer et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120122519 | Jochheim | May 2012 | A1 |
| 20120162088 | van Lieshout et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20120162876 | Kim | Jun 2012 | A1 |
| 20120182282 | van Veenendaal et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20120182755 | Wildner | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20120188750 | Marston | Jul 2012 | A1 |
| 20120194448 | Rothkopf | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120194478 | Liu et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120212433 | Lee et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
| 20120223314 | Marks et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
| 20120242599 | Seo et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
| 20120264489 | Choi et al. | Oct 2012 | A1 |
| 20120283799 | Fan | Nov 2012 | A1 |
| 20120314546 | Brewer | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20120327048 | Ramrattan et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
| 20130005404 | Bremer | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130010405 | Rothkopf et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130025647 | Bouten et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130027853 | Chen et al. | Jan 2013 | A1 |
| 20130038622 | Yang | Feb 2013 | A1 |
| 20130044215 | Rothkopf | Feb 2013 | A1 |
| 20130054997 | Wyatt et al. | Feb 2013 | A1 |
| 20130055762 | Leung | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130058063 | O'Brien | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130062598 | Usta et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130070431 | Fukuma et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130076612 | Myers | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130076649 | Myers et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
| 20130083496 | Franklin et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
| 20130106603 | Weast et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130113761 | van Lieshout et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130120106 | Cauwels et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130127690 | Tsai | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130127748 | Vertegaal et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130127765 | Behdasht et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130128439 | Walters et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130131887 | Park | May 2013 | A1 |
| 20130141405 | Huitema et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130145522 | da Silva | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130145795 | Asami | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130154826 | Ratajczyk | Jun 2013 | A1 |
| 20130172068 | Zhou et al. | Jul 2013 | A1 |
| 20130182382 | Vardi et al. | Jul 2013 | A1 |
| 20130191741 | Dickinson et al. | Jul 2013 | A1 |
| 20130197680 | Cobbett et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130219332 | Woley et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130222208 | Gorilovsky et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130222270 | Winkler et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130222271 | Alberth et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
| 20130229373 | Eriksson et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130235008 | Kwon | Sep 2013 | A1 |
| 20130265257 | Jung et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130286466 | Lieshout et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
| 20130300779 | Van Baarsen et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
| 20130326790 | Cauwels et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20130335929 | Cavallaro | Dec 2013 | A1 |
| 20140042406 | Degner et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140049487 | Konertz et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
| 20140062892 | Dickinson | Mar 2014 | A1 |
| 20140123015 | Sako et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140123436 | Griffin et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140138637 | Yang et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
| 20140226275 | Ko et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
| 20140257050 | Kuroda et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
| 20150020081 | Cho et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
| 20150084892 | Shirota et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
| 20150089974 | Seo et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
| 20150124566 | Lake et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
| 20150162751 | Leabman et al. | Jun 2015 | A1 |
| 20150169011 | Bibl et al. | Jun 2015 | A1 |
| 20150185766 | Otsuka et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150185944 | Magi et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
| 20150227245 | Inagaki et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
| 20150333572 | Leabman | Nov 2015 | A1 |
| 20150378391 | Huitema et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20150381793 | Cerda et al. | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20160014919 | Huitema et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
| 20160019703 | Tian | Jan 2016 | A1 |
| 20160034742 | Kim et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160037625 | Huitema et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160041581 | Piccionelli et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160041680 | Chi | Feb 2016 | A1 |
| 20160062410 | Ko et al. | Mar 2016 | A1 |
| 20160142863 | Lam | May 2016 | A1 |
| 20160212837 | Kim | Jul 2016 | A1 |
| 20160277891 | Dvortsov et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160283086 | Inagaki et al. | Sep 2016 | A1 |
| 20160299570 | Davydov | Oct 2016 | A1 |
| 20160322745 | Shedletsky et al. | Nov 2016 | A1 |
| 20160360618 | Elsherbini et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20160379205 | Margadoudakis | Dec 2016 | A1 |
| 20170046931 | Hartweg et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170052749 | Lee | Feb 2017 | A1 |
| 20170235341 | Huitema et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| 20170236497 | Huitema et al. | Aug 2017 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1306636 | Aug 2001 | CN |
| 101180669 | May 2008 | CN |
| 101180864 | May 2008 | CN |
| 101796563 | Aug 2010 | CN |
| 102486906 | Jun 2012 | CN |
| 202311570 | Jul 2012 | CN |
| 103021277 | Apr 2013 | CN |
| 202006012076 | Oct 2006 | DE |
| 1599110 | Nov 2005 | EP |
| 2551110 | Jan 2013 | EP |
| 2284149 | Apr 1976 | FR |
| 2003-299238 | Oct 2003 | JP |
| 2008-275114 | Nov 2008 | JP |
| 2010-508557 | Mar 2010 | JP |
| 2010-159803 | Jul 2010 | JP |
| 2010-204377 | Sep 2010 | JP |
| 2013044293 | Mar 2013 | JP |
| 2013044294 | Mar 2013 | JP |
| 2013068292 | Apr 2013 | JP |
| 56-91704 | Apr 2015 | JP |
| 60-89448 | Mar 2017 | JP |
| 2011-0008118 | Aug 2011 | KR |
| 1256109 | Apr 2013 | KR |
| 1278604 | Jun 2013 | KR |
| 2013-0073331 | Jul 2013 | KR |
| 1301561 | Sep 2013 | KR |
| 20150035232 | Apr 2015 | KR |
| 504127 | Sep 2002 | TW |
| M258364 | Mar 2005 | TW |
| M265636 | May 2005 | TW |
| 200815886 | Apr 2008 | TW |
| 201035934 | Oct 2010 | TW |
| 201301002 | Jan 2013 | TW |
| I383343 | Jan 2013 | TW |
| WO-0025193 | May 2000 | WO |
| WO-0164070 | Sep 2001 | WO |
| WO-2004047059 | Jun 2004 | WO |
| WO-2006027727 | Mar 2006 | WO |
| WO-2006085271 | Aug 2006 | WO |
| WO-2007023406 | Mar 2007 | WO |
| WO-2007042987 | Apr 2007 | WO |
| WO-2008054206 | May 2008 | WO |
| WO-2012156804 | Nov 2012 | WO |
| WO-2012167204 | Dec 2012 | WO |
| WO-2013138003 | Sep 2013 | WO |
| WO-2015023804 | Feb 2015 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| “3M Flexible Transparent Touchscreen Concepts” video located on the Internet at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCZz4jFok_o (uploaded Jan. 6, 2011). |
| “Amazin Concept Holo Computer Elodie Delassus”, Art, Concepts, Design, Gadgets, downloaded from the Internet at: http://designskings.com/amazin-concept-holo-computer-elodie-delassus/ (Jan. 18, 2012). |
| “Athletics and their supporters”, Enlightened®: Illuminated Clothing by Janet Hansen, downloaded from the Internet at http://enlighted.com/pages/athletics.shtml (Aug. 8, 2013). |
| “E-Clock”, Tokyoflash Japn Product Design Studio, downloaded from the Internet at http://blog.tokyoflash.com/2010/03/e-clock/ (Mar. 10, 2010). |
| “Features”, Seg Sports Entertainment Gear, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.segshirts.com/features (Aug. 8, 2013). |
| “Flex Mobile, a Flexible Phone That Becomes a Bracelet, Some Other Wearable Piece of Gear”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/tag/carolina-rebelo/ (Apr. 19, 2011). |
| “Flexible Smart Phone Fluid Presented by Philips”, YouTube, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wq9montNgbM&feature=player_detailpage (Apr. 2, 2012). |
| “iPING Putter App Cradle Attachment Case for iPhone 5”, Carlsbad Golf Center, downloaded from the Internet at https://www.cgcgolfshop.com/p-50-iping-putter-app-cradle-attachment-case-for-iphone-5.aspx (Aug. 8, 2013). |
| “Moment Smartwatch: World's First Wrap Around Smart Watch,” Momentum Labs LLC, 28 pp. (Jun. 24, 2014). |
| “outEDGE iPhone 5 External 2800 mAH Battery Extender Case w/ Flip Screen Cover”, outEDGEPOWER Products, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.outedgepower.com/outedge-iphone-5-external-2800-mah-battery-extender-case-w-flip-screen-cover/ (Aug. 8, 2013). |
| “Philips unveils world's first ‘Rollable Display’ pocket e-Reader concept READIUS”, PHYS.org website(Sep. 1, 2005). |
| “Rohm shows a flexible-OLED wristband”, OLED-Info.com, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.oled-info.com/rohm-shows-flexible-oled-wristband (Oct. 5, 2009). |
| “Samsung concept video for wearables and phones”, YouTube screenshot, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezriwGwJGOs (Jul. 15, 2013). |
| “Samsung Galaxy X Concept Packs the Same Specs of teh Galaxy S II Plus a 12 MP Camera”, Concept Phones website (May 15, 2011). |
| “Samsung Smart Watch Trademarks Filed, Wearable Internet Nearing Debut”, Fox News Latino, downloaded from the Internet at http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/money/2013/08/07/samsung-smart-watch-trademarks-filed-wearable-internet-nearing-debut/ (Aug. 7, 2013). |
| “Sony Smartwatch 2 goes official: water-resistant, open API”, phoneArena.com, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.phonearena.com/news/Sony-Smartwatch-2-goes-official-water-resistant-open-API_id44469 (Jun. 25, 2013). |
| “Taiwan Company to Begin Production of Large Format Flexible Electronic Paper Display Technology”, Over the Wire, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.naylornetwork.com/ppi-otw/articles/?aid=219054&issueID=29119 (Aug. 8, 2013). |
| “Thermal Image Athletic Apparel”, Trendhunter Lifestyle, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/high-tech-athletic-apparel (Mar. 16, 2013). |
| “Wearable Concept Phone is Not Nokia 888”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/tag/hyun-sung-lee/ (Jul. 18, 2008). |
| “What Will You Pop?”, popSLATE, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.popslate.com (2012). |
| “Yuno Concept”, TechPin, downloaded from the Internet at <http://www.techpin.com/yuno-concept/> (May 8, 2008). |
| Catacchio, “New OLED panel to bring bendable cell phones closer to reality?”, TNW, downloaded from the Internet at http://thenextweb.com/asia/2010/10/04/new-oled-panel-to-bring-bendable-cell-phones-closer-to-reality/ (Oct. 4, 2010). |
| Cochrane et al., “Flexible displays for smart clothing: Part I-Overview”, Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research, 36:422-8 (Dec. 2011). |
| Cooper, “Hands-on with Polymer Vision's e-ink Readius”, engadget, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.engadget.com/2008/02/14/hands-on-with-polymer-visions-e-ink-readius/ (Feb. 14, 2008). |
| Crisp, “Rafael Nadal demonstrates Babolat Play & Connect interactive tennis racquet”, gizmag, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.gizmag.com/rafael-nadal-demonstrates-babolat-play-connect-interactive-tennis-racquet/22699/ (May 26, 2012). |
| Eaton, “Nokia Morph Cellphone Rolls Up, Stretches, Cleans Itself”, Gizmodo, downloaded from the Internet at http://gizmodo.com/360260/nokia-morph-cellphone-rolls-up-stretches-cleans-itself (Feb. 25, 2008). |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 14874426.1, dated Aug. 11, 2017. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 14875486.4, dated Sep. 19, 2017. |
| Fingas, “Tentative Samsung smartwatch design unearthed in Korean patents”, engadget, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.engadget.com/2013/08/03/tentative-samsung-smartwatch-designs-unearthed-in-korean-patents/ (Aug. 3, 2013). |
| First Chinese Office Action for Application No. 201480058291.8, dated Jul. 31, 2017. |
| Honig, “Pebble smartwatch review”, engadget, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.engadget.com/2013/01/25/pebble-smartwatch-review/ (Jan. 25, 2013). |
| Inofuentes, “Officially announced: LG G Flex and a healing factor”, ars technica, downloaded from the Internet at http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2013/10/officially-announced-lg-g-flex-and-a-healing-factor/ (Oct. 28, 2013). |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability for Application No. PCT/US2016/019729, dated Sep. 8, 2017. |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability, International Application No. PCT/US14/50972, dated Jan. 19, 2016. |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability, International Application No. PCT/US14/52814, dated Mar. 1, 2016. |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability, International Application No. PCT/US14/52957, dated Mar. 1, 2016. |
| International Preliminary Report on Patentability, International Application No. PCT/US14/55043, dated Mar. 15, 2016. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion for Application No. PCT/US2016/019729, dated May 17, 2016. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US14/50972, dated Jan. 14, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US14/52814, dated Dec. 11, 2014. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US14/52957, dated Dec. 9, 2014. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US14/71859, dated Mar. 20, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US14/72172, dated Mar. 18, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2014/055043, dated Jan. 27, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2014/072313, dated Apr. 22, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2014/072328, dated Apr. 22, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2015/014964, dated May 14, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2015/022691, dated Jul. 8, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2015/026163, dated Jul. 20, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2015/030254, dated Aug. 10, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2015/030724, dated Aug. 14, 2015. |
| International Search Report and Written Opinion, International Application No. PCT/US2015/032799, dated Aug. 31, 2015. |
| Johan, “ASUS Waveface Ultra”, techfresh.net, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.techfresh.net/asus-waveface-ultra/ (Jan. 19, 2010). |
| Kahn, “Is Apple's iWatch a slap wrist band with a flexible display?”, 9to5Mac Apple Intelligence, downloaded from the Internet at http://9to5mac.com/2013/02/21/is-apples-iwatch-a-slap-wrist-band-with-a-flexible-display/ (Feb. 21, 2013). |
| Kaki, “10 Beautiful Nokia Concept Phones for Future Generations”, DreamsRain website, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.dreamsrain.com/2011/09/18/10-beautiful-nokia-concept-phones-for-future-genrations/ (Sep. 18, 2011). |
| Kelvin, “Apple iBand Envisioned by T3: Health Features, Fitness and Watch Functions (Video)”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/apple-iband-envisoned-t3-health-features-fitness-watch-functions-video/ (Feb. 18, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “Apple iWatch 2 Concept by Jermaine Smit Lets You Change the Watch Bracelet Easily (Video)”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones-com/apple/apple-iwatch-2-concept-jermaine-smit-lets-change-watch-bracelet-easily-video/ (Mar. 5, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “Apple iWatch Concept Goes Back to Basics, Looks Like Nike Fuelband”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/apple-iwatch-concept-basics-nike-duelband/ (Oct. 22, 2013). |
| Kelvin, “Apple iWatch Glass Hologram is an Overpowered Smartwatch (Video)”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/apple-iwatch-glass-hologram-overpowered-smartwatch-video/ (Apr. 19, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “Apple iWatch Goes Back to the Idea of an iPod Nano With a Belt”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/apple-iwatch-idea-ipod-nano-belt/ (Mar. 2, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “Finally, a HTC Smartwatch! We Needed Those!”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/htc/finally-htc-smartwatch-needed/ (Feb. 4, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “Flexible Screen X Phone Becomes a Bracelet”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at <http://www.concept-phones.com/cool-concepts/flexible-screen-phone-bracelet/> (Oct. 28, 2013). |
| Kelvin, “HTC One Watch Render Seems Taken out of Tron”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/htc/htc-watch-render-tron/ (Oct. 14, 2013). |
| Kelvin, “iPhone 6 and iWatch Pro Get Designed by Dani Yako”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iphone-6-iwatch-pro-designed-dani-yako/ (Jun. 6, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “iWatch Concept is a Curved Bracelet, Runs Flappy Bird”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iwatch-concept-curved-bracelet-runs-flappy-bird/ ( Feb. 13, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “iWatch Goliath is a Giant on Your Wrist (Video)”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iwatch-goliath-giant-wrist-video/ (May 23, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “iWatch Render Goes the Way of the Nike FuelBand”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iwatch-render-nike-fuelband/ (Jan. 21, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “Meizu MWatch Render is Exactly What Smartwatches Need”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/cool-concepts/meizu-mwatch-render-smartwatches/ (Feb. 12, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “MWC 2014: Kyocera Showcases Flexible Phone That Turns Into Bracelet”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/kyocera/mwc-2014-kyocera-showcases-flexible-phone-turns-bracelet/ (Feb. 27, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “New Apple iWatch Render Shows us an Ultrathin Bracelet”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/apple-iwatch-render-shows-ultrathin-bracelet/ (Oct. 16, 2013). |
| Kelvin, “New iWatch Design Brings Us Back the Basics of a Watch”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iwatch-design-brings-basics-watch/ (Apr. 29, 2014). |
| Kelvin, “Nokia Lumia 101 Smartwatch is a Nice Little, Elegant Bracelet”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/nokia/nokia-lumia-101-smartwatch-nice-elegant-bracelet/ (Dec. 3, 2013). |
| Kelvin, “Superb Google Smartwatch Render Created in Cinema 4D”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/google/superb-google-smartwatch-render-created-cinema-4d/ (Jan. 31, 2014). |
| Kim,“Analysis of iWatch-related Patents from RitFast”, IHS Technology, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.displaybank.com/letter/letter_contents.php?nm=&email=prakash%40polyera.com&mail_id=8995 (Jul. 19, 2013). |
| Lilienthal, “Book? Accordian? Nope. Lumino is a Gorgeous LED Lamp the Goes Wherever You Do,” Digital Trends, 6 pp. (Apr. 27, 2014). |
| Non-Final Office Action from U.S. Appl. No. 14/188,440 dated Aug. 14, 2015. |
| Office Action for U.S. Appl. No. 15/054,725, dated Aug. 23, 2017. |
| Rastogi, “Nokia Lumia 1080: The Concept Phone”, 91 mobiles, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.91mobiles.com/blog/nokia-lumia-1080-the-concept-phone.html (Jun. 27, 2013). |
| Ridden, “Emopulse Smile SmartWatch goes up for pre-order”, Gizmag,downloaded from the Internet at http://www.gizmag.com/emopulse-smile-smartwatch/27984/ (Jun. 19, 2013). |
| Seth, “In 2020 We Can Wear Sony Computers on Our Wrist”, Yanko Design Form Beyond Function, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.yankodesign.com/2010/05/25/in-2020-we-can-wear-sony-computers-on-our-wrist/ (May 25, 2010). |
| Seth, “Love This iWatch!”, Yanko Design Form Beyond Function, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.yankodesign.com/2013/07/26/love-this-iwatch/ (Jul. 26, 2013). |
| Seth, “My Latest Fashion Accessory”, Yanko Design Form Beyond Function, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.yankodesign.com/2009/08/11/my-latest-fashion-accessory/ (Aug. 11, 2009). |
| Seth, “Super Sexy Roll”, Yanko Design Form Beyond Function, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.yankodesign.com/2011/03/21/super-sexy-roll/ (Mar. 21, 2011). |
| Smith, “Flexi E Ink screen finds home in curved world time watch”, The Register, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/10/11/phosphor_watches_world_time/ (Oct. 11, 2010). |
| Smith, “Samsung smartwatch concept shown in patent hints at flexible display use”, Android Authority (Aug. 3, 2013). |
| Smith, “Samsung's curved smartphone is the Galaxy Round, launches in Korea tomorrow (video)”, engadget, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.engadget.com/2013/10/08/samsung-galaxy-round/ (Oct. 8, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “Apple iWatch 2 Design Appears, More Elegant Than Ever”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/apple-iwatch-2-design-appears-elegant/ (Feb. 9, 2012). |
| Thrystan, “BenQ Siemens Snake Concept Phone is Yet Another Bracelet-Handset”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/benq-siemens/benq-siemens-snake-concept-phone-bracelethandset/ (Feb. 9, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “Bracelet Phone Concept Incorporates an MP3 Player, Shines Like a Diamond”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/fashion-phones/bracelet-phone-concept-incorporates-mp3-player-shines-diamond/ (Sep. 8, 2008). |
| Thrystan, “CEATEC 2010 Hosts TDK's Flexible OLED Displays; Hands-on Photos Here!”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/news/ceatec-2010-hosts-tdks-flexible-oled-displays-handson-photos/ (Oct. 5, 2010). |
| Thrystan, “Dyson Concept Phone Charger Turns Temperature Differences Into Electricity”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/cool-concepts/dyson-concept-phone-charger-turns-temperature-differences-electricity/ (Jul. 24, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “Email Beeper Watch is Hip, Restarts a Trend”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet http://www.concept-phones.com/cool-concepts/email-beeper-watch-hip-restarts-trend/ (Mar. 3, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “Flux, Portable and Wearable PC Concept”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/eco-friendly/ilux-portable-and-wearable-pc-concept/ (May 5, 2008). |
| Thrystan, “Fujitsu Concept Phones Part 2: Judge-Dredd-Like Curvy Handset”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet http://www.concept-phones.com/fujitsu/fujitsu-concept-phones-part-2-judgedreddlike-curvy-handset/ (Oct. 10, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “iPhone 5 Bracelet Looks Out of this World”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iphone-5-bracelet-world/ (Jul. 6, 2012). |
| Thrystan, “iPhone Holographic Display Concept is Surreal, Could Work”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iphone-holographic-display-concept-surreal-work/ (Aug. 22, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “iWatch Design Created by James Ivaldi is All Metal”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iwatch-design-created-james-ivaldi-metal/ (Jul. 29, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “iWatch Render in the Vision of the Ciccarese Design Team: Simply Stunning (Video)”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/watch-render-vision-ciccarese-design-team-simply-stunning-video/ (Aug. 21, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “Leaf Phone Features an Organic Structure, is Made of Eco-Friendly Plastic,” Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/eco-friendly/leaf-phone-features-organic-structure-ecofriendly/plastic/ (Nov. 4, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “LG Auki Bracelet Phone Is Colorful and Elegant”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/lg/lg-auki-bracelet-phone-colorful-elegant/ (Aug. 26, 2011). |
| Thrystan, “LG Helix Cellphone is Also a Slap Bracelet”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/lg/lg-helix-cellphone-slap-bracelet/ (Oct. 9, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “LG Oyster, a Bracelet-Like Mobile Phone Design”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at <http://www.concept-phones.com/lg/lg-oyster-braceletlike-mobile-phone-design/ > (Jul. 26, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “New iWatch Render by Tolga Tuncer is Fancy and Classy”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/iwatch-render-tolga-tuncer-fancy-classy/ (Mar. 3, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “Nokia Mixed Reality Concept, Future Technology Demoed at Nokia World (Video)”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/nokia/nokia-mixed-reality-concept-future-technology-demoed-nokia-world-video/ (Sep. 9, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “Nokia Open Bracelet Shows Incoming Calls of the Ones You Love”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/nokia/nokia-open-bracelet-shows-incoming-calls-love/ (Dec. 13, 2008). |
| Thrystan, “Nokia Smart Watch Concept Looks Interesting”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/uncategorized/nokia-smart-watch-concept-interesting/ (Oct. 22, 2011). |
| Thrystan, “Purse Bracelet Fancy Concept Phone, Designed by Yw Li”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/fashion-phones/purse-bracelet-fancy-concept-phone-designed-yw-ll/ (Oct. 19, 2008). |
| Thrystan, “Quartz Tele Concept Should be in a Final Fantasy Game, Because It's All About Crystals”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/fashion-phones/quartz-tele-concept-final-fantasy-game-crystals/ (Sep. 8, 2008). |
| Thrystan, “Samsung Finger Touching Cellphone Concept Comes in Handy”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/samsung/samsung-finger-touching-cellphone-concept-handy/ (Jan. 31, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “Samsung Futuristic Technology Relies on Health and Flexibility (Video)”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/samsung/samsung-futuristic-technology-relies-health-flexibility-video/ (Jul. 10, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “Samsung S-Health Bracelet Render is Based on Tizen OS”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/samsung/samsung-shealth-bracelet-render-based-tizen-os/ (Jun. 17, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “Sony Ericsson Bracelet Phone, a Design That Won't Make It Into Production”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/sony-ericsson/sony-ericsson-bracelet-phone-design-production/ (Jun. 19, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “Sony Ericsson Ring Phone Concept by Tao Ma Will Always Be a Winner”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/sony-ericsson/sony-ericsson-ring-phone-concept-tao-ma-winner/ (Sep. 15 2008). |
| Thrystan, “Speak to Me Concept Watch Phone is Hot, a Must-Have Fashion Accessory”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/fashion-phones/speak-concept-watch-phone-hot-musthave-fashion-accessory/ (Jan. 27, 2009). |
| Thrystan, “The Hook Bracelet Phone Concept Runs Windows Phone in a New Format”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/cool-concepts/hook-bracelet-phone-concept-runs-windows-phone-format/ (Jun. 21, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “The New iPod is iBangle . . . iLike iT”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/apple/ipod-ibangle-ilike/ (Oct. 23, 2008). |
| Thrystan, “Xbox 720 Concept is a Pyramid With Two Kinect “Eyes””, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/microsoft/xbox-720-concept-pyramid-kinect-eyes/ (Jul. 8, 2013). |
| Thrystan, “Yuxa is a Wearable Cellphone Made From Eco-Friendly Materials”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/eco-friendly/yuxa-wearable-cellphone-ecofriendly-materials/ (Jun. 24, 2010). |
| Thrystan, “ZTE Cube Phone, Another Mobile World Congress Concept”, Concept Phones, downloaded from the Internet at http://www.concept-phones.com/cool-concepts/zte-cube-phone-another-mobile-world-congress-concept/ (Feb. 14, 2008). |
| Vertegaal et al., “Organic User Interfaces have non-planar displays that may actively or passively change shape via analog physical inputs”, Organic User Interfaces—Communications of the ACM (May 31, 2008). |
| Wei et al., Shape memory materials and hybrid composites for smart systems, Part II: Shape-memory hybrid composites, J. Mater. Sci., 33:3763-83 (1998). |
| First Office Action received in corresponding Chinese Application No. 2014/180076308.2 dated Jun. 29, 2018. |
| First Office Action received in corresponding Chinese Application No. 2014/80076314.8 dated Jun. 28, 2018. |
| Extended European Search Report for Application No. 14875752.9, dated Aug. 1, 2017. |
| Office Action for Taiwanese Application No. 103129521, dated Apr. 9, 2018. |
| Office Action for Taiwanese Application No. 103145225, dated Jan. 7, 2019. |
| Third Chinese Office Action for Application No. 201480058291.8, dated Jan. 14, 2019. |
| European Office Action for Application No. 14874426.1, dated Mar. 7, 2019. |
| Notice of Reasons for Rejection for Japanese Application No. 2016-542913, dated Feb. 27, 2019. |
| Second Chinese Office Action for Application No. 201480076308.2, dated Mar. 11, 2019. |
| Second Chinese Office Action for Application No. 201480076314.8, dated Mar. 11, 2019. |
| Office Action for Taiwanese Application No. 103145254, dated Mar. 18, 2019. |
| European Office Action for Application No. 14875486.4, dated Apr. 25, 2019. |
| First Chinese Office Action for Application No. 201480056371.X, dated Apr. 3, 2019. |
| Office Action for Taiwanese Application No. 103127788, dated Mar. 7, 2019. |
| European Office Action for Application No. 14875486.4, dated Mar. 25, 2020. |
| European Office Action for Application No. 14875752.9, dated Mar. 25, 2020. |
| Notice of Final Rejection for Japanese Application No. 2016-542913, dated Oct. 29, 2019. |
| Second Chinese Office Action for Application No. 201480056371.X, dated Apr. 2, 2020. |
| Notice of Reasons for Rejection for Japanese Application No. 2016-543044, dated May 29, 2019. |
| Office Action for Taiwanese Application No. 104109785, dated Jul. 12, 2019. |
| Notice of Reasons for Rejection for Japanese Application No. 2020-034700, dated Mar. 15, 2021. |
| Notice of Preliminary Rejection for Korean Application No. 2016-7020269, dated Apr. 6, 2021. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20160282899 A1 | Sep 2016 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61979499 | Apr 2014 | US | |
| 61972067 | Mar 2014 | US | |
| 61969531 | Mar 2014 | US | |
| 61920705 | Dec 2013 | US | |
| 61870781 | Aug 2013 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/US2014/052957 | Aug 2014 | US |
| Child | 15054725 | US |
