Patent Application
20180344266
The present invention relates generally to medical vision accessories, and particularly to augmented reality goggles having X-ray protection.
Eye glasses that are protective against X-ray radiation may be used by physicians in various medical applications.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,140,710, whose disclosure is incorporated herein by reference, describes an eye shield having two layers of X-radiation protective material. The shield comprises a metalized thin layer that permits the substantial transmission of accompanying visible light. Beneath the metalized thin layer is a lead layer that allows the passage of limited amounts of visible light yet functions to absorb effectively X-radiation.
Chinese utility model CN202060967U, whose disclosure is incorporated herein by reference, describes a multifunctional vision protection health care eyeshade, which comprises an eyeshade body. Two ends of the eyeshade body are connected with a lacing, and the eyeshade body is provided with an inwards concave cavity and a cover body covered on the cavity.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,422,684, whose disclosure is incorporated herein by reference, describes a form of protective eyewear having retractable eye shields which protect the wearer eyes from injury from mechanical, chemical or radiation hazards. The eye shields have an extended position and a retracted position.
An embodiment of the present invention that is described herein provides a personal display apparatus that includes a dual-use plate, a detector, and electronic circuitry. The dual-use plate is configured to be worn by a user while the user is viewing a scene, to block, at least partially, X-ray radiation from passing through the plate and reaching an eye of the user, and to display information to be viewed by the user overlaid on the scene. The detector is coupled to the plate and is configured to measure a level of the X-ray radiation. The electronic circuitry is connected to the plate and to the detector, and is configured to exchange display signals with the plate so as to display the information, and to send a control signal indicative of the level of the X-ray radiation measured by the detector.
In some embodiments, the electronic circuitry includes a transceiver, which is configured to exchange the display signals and the control signal with an external system. In other embodiments, the external system includes an imaging system. In yet other embodiments, the dual-use plate includes nanoparticles, which are configured to block the at least part of X-ray radiation.
In an embodiment, the nanoparticles include lead or cerium. In another embodiment, the dual-use plate includes at least a film of material, which is configured to block the at least part of X-ray radiation. In yet another embodiment, the electronic circuitry is configured to issue an alert in case the level of the X-ray radiation measured by the detector exceeds a predefined threshold.
In some embodiments, the scene presents an organ of a patient in which the user carries out a medical procedure. In other embodiments, the information includes at least a marker of a medical apparatus applied on the organ. In yet other embodiments, the information includes at least an anatomical image of at least part of the organ.
There is additionally provided, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method for producing a personal display apparatus, the method including providing a dual-use plate, to be worn by a user while the user is viewing a scene, the plate is capable of (i) blocking, at least partially, X-ray radiation from passing through the plate and reaching an eye of the user, and (ii) displaying information to be viewed by the user overlaid on the scene. A detector that measures a level of the X-ray radiation is coupled to the plate. Electronic circuitry is connected to the plate and to the detector, for exchanging display signals with the plate, and for sending a control signal indicative of the level of the X-ray radiation measured by the detector.
The present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of the embodiments thereof, taken together with the drawings in which:
X-ray systems, such as Fluoroscopes, are used for imaging patient organs in various medical diagnostics and surgical procedures. A physician that carries out such procedures may be exposed to excessive doses of X-ray radiation on a daily basis, and therefore may use protection measures against the radiation, such as a radiopaque apron, a toroid neck protection or an X-ray eye shield for protecting eye tissue from the radiation.
Embodiments of the present invention that are described hereinbelow provide methods and apparatus in which eye protection from the X-ray radiation, and a display used to carry out the procedure are combined.
In some embodiments, a personal display apparatus, such as goggles, is worn by the physician who may be exposed to X-ray radiation. The goggles comprise a dual-use plate, which is configured to (i) display information using augmented reality techniques, and (ii) block at least part of the X-ray radiation from passing through the plate and reaching the physician eye tissue.
In an embodiment, the goggles comprise a material that blocks at least part of the X-ray radiation. The material may be incased in the goggles, e.g., in a form of particles, or applied as a film on the goggles surface.
In some embodiments, the physician views a scene, such as an organ of a patient, while relevant information is displayed on the dual-use plate of the goggles, overlaid on the scene. The displayed information may comprise sectional images of the organ in question, markers of medical apparatus, or any other information relevant for the physician during the procedure.
In some embodiments, the goggles comprise an X-ray detector, which is configured to measure a level of the X-ray radiation in the vicinity of the goggles.
In some embodiments, the goggles comprise electronic circuitry, which is electrically connected to the plate and to the detector. The circuitry is configured to exchange display signals with the plate so as to display the information to the physician, and to send a control signal indicative of the level of the X-ray radiation measured by the detector.
The disclosed techniques enable the physician to focus his/her gaze and attention on the patient during the entire procedure, while protecting his/her eyes from the X-ray radiation and simultaneously displaying information required to carry out the procedure successfully.
In other embodiments, system 20 may be applied in any other medical procedure, such as an open-heart surgery, in which physician 40 has direct visibility of the patient heart. In these embodiment, physician 40 may use various suitable surgical tools, instead of, or in addition to, catheter 22.
In some embodiments, system 20 comprises a fluoroscopy imaging system 36, which is configured to produce X-ray images of the organ in question (e.g., heart) of patient 26. System 36 comprises an x-ray source 52 and an X-ray detector 54, which are mounted on a C-shaped arm 62. X-ray source 52 is configured to irradiate X-rays 70 on patient 26 lying on a movable table 28. Detector 54, which is located below table 28, is configured to image X-rays 70 passing through patient 26.
In some embodiments, system 20 comprises a personal display, such as goggles 30, worn by physician 40. Goggles 30 are configured to partially or fully block X-rays 70 from reaching the eyes of physician 40, and to exchange display signals with an operating console 24 of system 20, so as to display information overlaid on a scene viewed by physician 40. Goggles 30 are further depicted in detail in
The terms “goggles” and “glasses” in the present disclosure are used interchangeably and refer to goggles 30 shown in
In some embodiment, console 24 comprises a transceiver 50, which is configured to exchange wireless signals 60 with goggles 30. In an embodiment, signals 60 comprise display signals exchanged with electronic circuitry (shown in
In some embodiments, console 24 comprises a driver circuit 34, which drives fluoroscopy imaging system 36 via a cable 56, and is further configured to receive the X-ray radiation signals measured by detector 54 of system 36.
In some embodiments, console 24 comprises a processor 42, typically a general-purpose computer, with suitable front end and interface circuits for receiving signals from multiple sources, such as circuit 34, transceiver 50 and catheter 22.
In some embodiments, processor 42 is configured to produce imaging signals that are indicative of the anatomy and medical tools applied in the patient heart, based on the level of X-ray radiation measured by detector 54 of system 36. The medical tools may comprise catheter 22 in case of a minimally invasive procedure, and/or any suitable surgical tool used, for example, in an open-heart surgery.
Processor 42 may be programmed in software to carry out the functions that are used by the system, and the processor stores data for the software in a memory (not shown). The software may be downloaded to console 24 in electronic form, over a network, for example, or it may be provided on non-transitory tangible media, such as optical, magnetic or electronic memory media. Alternatively, some or all of the functions of processor may be carried out by dedicated or programmable digital hardware components.
In some embodiments, goggles 30 comprise a material 72, which is applied across the entire area of plate 64, and is configured to prevent passage of at least part of the radiation of X-ray 70 from reaching into the eye tissue of physician 40.
In an embodiment, material 72 may comprise nanoparticles of cerium oxide (CeO2), and/or plumbic oxide (PbO), and/or any other suitable material distributed uniformly (or in another suitable manner) and incased in plate 64 of goggles 30.
Alternatively or additionally, material 72 may be applied as one or more films on an external surface of goggles 30, and/or as a layer embedded within plate 64.
Note that applied material 72 does not have a significant impact the transparency or of plate 64.
In some embodiments, goggles 30 comprise two displays 74, one for positioning against each eye of physician 40. In other embodiments, google 30 may comprise any other suitable number of displays 74, for example, a single display positioned in front of one selected eye.
During the medical procedure, the gaze of physician 40 is directed on a distant scene, such as image 44 (in
In the example of
In some embodiments, goggles 30 comprise a detector 66, and electronic circuitry 76, which are mounted on frame 68 or otherwise coupled to plate 64 in any other suitable manner.
In an embodiment, detector 66 is configured to measure a level of the radiation of X-rays 70 impinging on goggles 30. In an embodiment, electronic circuitry 76 is mounted in close proximity to detector 66 and is configured to receive the level of the X-ray radiation measured by detector 66. Circuitry 76 is depicted in detail in
For example, processor 80 is configured to receive the display signals comprising the sectional view of the patient heart acquired by system 36, and, based on the display signals, to display the sectional view on displays 74 of goggle 30 as depicted in
In another embodiment, processor 80 is configured to receive measurements of X-ray radiation measured by detector 66 (e.g., level of X-ray radiation) and to produce a control signal based on the radiation measurements. In this embodiment, the control signal is transmitted, via transceivers 82 and 50, to processor 42 that may prompt physician 40 to stop the operation of fluoroscopy imaging system 36 when the measured level of radiation exceeds a predefined limit. In an alternative embodiment, processor 80 may hold a predefined threshold of the level of the X-ray radiation. In this embodiment, processor 80 is configured to issue an alert (e.g., an audible alarm) to physician 40 in case the level of the X-ray radiation measured by detector 66 exceeds the predefined threshold.
In alternative embodiments, goggles 30 are connected to console 24 using a communication cable (not shown) instead of or in addition to antenna 78. In these embodiments, the information and control signals are exchanged between goggles 30 and console 24, e.g., through the communication cable instead of wirelessly.
Processor 80 typically comprises a general-purpose processor, which is programmed in software to carry out the functions described herein. The software may be downloaded to the processor in electronic form, over a network, for example, or it may, alternatively or additionally, be provided and/or stored on non-transitory tangible media, such as magnetic, optical, or electronic memory.
Although the embodiments described herein mainly address cardiac procedures, the methods and systems described herein can also be used in other applications, such as in any medical procedure that applies X-ray imaging. Furthermore, the methods and systems described herein can also be used in any medical device that may be exposed to X-ray radiation when navigating a tool within the patient body during a medical treatment, such as but not limited to, orthopedic surgery, ablation procedure in the liver, or ablation of a tumor in the lung.
It will thus be appreciated that the embodiments described above are cited by way of example, and that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather, the scope of the present invention includes both combinations and sub-combinations of the various features described hereinabove, as well as variations and modifications thereof which would occur to persons skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description and which are not disclosed in the prior art. Documents incorporated by reference in the present patent application are to be considered an integral part of the application except that to the extent any terms are defined in these incorporated documents in a manner that conflicts with the definitions made explicitly or implicitly in the present specification, only the definitions in the present specification should be considered.
