Patent Application
20240018833
The present disclosure claims priority to a Chinese patent application No. 202023246053.1 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on Dec. 28, 2020 and entitled “Derrick Floor Pipe Handling Manipulator”, a Chinese patent application No. 202120001472.4 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on Jan. 4, 2021 and entitled “Integrated Hydraulic Clamp”, a Chinese patent application No. 202110503197.0 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on May 10, 2021 and entitled “Oil Field Workover Operation Device”, a Chinese patent application No. 202120001448.0 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on Jan. 4, 2021 and entitled “Buckling Apparatus and String Automated Operating Apparatus”, and a Chinese patent application No. 202120001464.X filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on Jan. 4, 2021 and entitled “Power Slip for Oil Field Workover Operation”, the contents of these patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in entirety.
The present disclosure relates to the technical field of drilling and workover operations of oil field, in particular to automated equipment for drilling and workover operation of oil field, and to an oil field workover operation device, an integrated hydraulic clamp, a buckling apparatus and a string automated operating apparatus, and a derrick floor pipe handling manipulator for use in the automated equipment.
The drilling and workover operations of oil field are an important link of oil field exploitation, and one important work therein is tripping of tubing, sucker rods, and drill rods. At present, the tripping operation mainly relies on manually pushing and pulling elevator, pushing and pulling hydraulic clamp, pushing and holding derrick floor string, handling the string on a monkey board higher than the ground and so on. Such conventional operation mode not only requires more operators, but also has high manual operation strength and low operation efficiency, and moreover, the manual operation is extremely dangerous.
Screwing on and off apparatuses of a drilling and workover operation automated system mainly have two forms of iron roughneck and automatic hydraulic clamp. The two existing forms both have problems such as complex structure and large volume to a certain extent. Generally, mounting and connection to the derrick floor mainly adopt flange bolt connection, insertion barrel and other manners, and a truck, a crane, and a dedicated base are needed in transportation and installation processes and many people are needed for cooperation, so that transportation costs are high, and the transportation and installation are tedious and time-consuming. After a main body of the device is mounted, hydraulic pipelines and communication cables need to be plugged on site, and the whole mounting process takes a long time. In addition, during intermittent downtime without working for workover, the main body of the device still occupies a space of derrick floor surface, causing inconvenience to other work on the derrick floor.
The workover operation frequently involves operations of screwing on and off strings. When being applied to the workover operation, a suspension-type workover power tong has problems of greater hidden danger of accidents, high labor intensity, and low efficiency of workover operation, and the iron roughneck with relatively high automation degree, when being applied to the workover operation, also has problems of a large volume, a large weight, and low efficiency of screwing on and off the strings. Without a clamp-head leveling apparatus, if an error exists in installation, a problem that the clamp head is not parallel to the horizontal plane may occur.
In the drilling and workover operations, buckling of strings is realized by a string buckling apparatus, wherein a string automated operating apparatus located at a wellhead includes an iron roughneck, a power slip, a hydraulic elevator, and a multi-functional manipulator, and in the drilling and workover operations, a slope angle of the derrick is changed with load changes, so as to cause certain displacement to the power slip, which increases the difficulty for realizing the buckling of strings grabbed by the multi-functional manipulator, and requires manual intervention and adjustment, so that the string buckling efficiency is low. Although the existing apparatus can solve the above problems, the apparatus is complex in structure and occupies a large space, so that the originally cramped derrick floor space is more crowded. Meanwhile, the complex structure also makes it more difficult to repair and maintain the apparatus.
The derrick floor pipe handling is a simple and most frequent operation in the workover operation, and at present, the way of derrick floor pipe handling has been changed from the conventional manual pipe handling to the highly automated mechanical pipe handling, thus the workover operation efficiency is improved. But compared with the manual pipe handling, while realizing high automation, the mechanical pipe handling also has problems of a large device volume and cumbersome disassembly when failure occurs, and when the manual pipe handling is needed in some special technologies or when the device fails, as the device occupies a route where the pipe handling passes, the manual pipe handling has hidden safety risks underfoot, so that the manual pipe handling cannot be carried out, seriously affecting progress of the workover operation.
The present disclosure provides automated equipment for drilling and workover operations of oil field, so as to solve various technical problems existing in relevant drilling and workover operations.
The automated equipment for drilling and workover operations of oil field provided in the present disclosure may include a workover rig, a derrick floor, an elevator, a monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus, a slip, an oil field workover operation device, a power clamp, and a derrick floor pipe handling manipulator, and the workover rig, the derrick floor, the elevator, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus, the slip, the oil field workover operation device, the power clamp, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can cooperate with each other to realize a lifting operation and a lowering operation of a string (i.e., a tubular column or a pipe) at a wellhead. The workover rig may have a derrick, the workover rig can be arranged along a front-rear direction of the automated equipment, and the derrick can be disposed at a rear end portion of the workover rig and aligned with the wellhead. The derrick floor can be placed on the ground and disposed at the wellhead, and the derrick floor can be disposed adjacent to the derrick. The oil field workover operation device can be positioned on one side of the wellhead in a left-right direction of the automated equipment, and the oil field workover operation device can be disposed on the derrick floor in a manner of being movable between a raised position where the oil field workover operation device extends out above the derrick floor and a retreated position where the oil field workover operation device retreats below the derrick floor.
Optionally, in the raised position of the oil field workover operation device, the oil field workover operation device can move between an extended state and a retracted state, in the extended state of the oil field workover operation device, the power clamp connected to the oil field workover operation device can be positioned close to the wellhead so as to screw on and off the string positioned at the wellhead, and in the retracted state of the oil field workover operation device, the power clamp connected to the oil field workover operation device can be positioned away from the wellhead, and
in the retreated position of the oil field workover operation device, the oil field workover operation device can be in the retracted state of the oil field workover operation device.
Optionally, the derrick floor can be provided thereon with a string storage portion for receiving the string,
the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can move between a first position away from the slip and a second position close to the slip, and in the second position of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can be configured to grab the string, and
the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can rotate between a facing position facing the slip and a back position facing back to the slip, and in the facing position of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can be used to grab the string located at the slip, and in the back position of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can be used to grab the string located at the string storage portion.
Optionally, the automated equipment further may include a buckling apparatus for realizing buckling of the strings, and the buckling apparatus can be connected to the slip.
Optionally, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus may include a fingerboard bank for receiving the string, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus further may include a monkey-board manipulator, and the monkey-board manipulator can be used to push the string into the fingerboard bank or take the string from the fingerboard bank.
Optionally, the automated equipment further may include:
a driller centralized control operating apparatus, wherein the driller centralized control operating apparatus can be fixed on the derrick floor and positioned on the left of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator in the left-right direction of the automated equipment, and the driller centralized control operating apparatus can be configured to realize the lowering operation and the lifting operation of the automated equipment on the string by sending instructions to the automated equipment; and
a hydraulic station, wherein the hydraulic station can be mounted on the derrick floor and located below the driller centralized control operating apparatus, and the hydraulic station can be used to provide power to the automated equipment.
Optionally, the elevator may include an elevator main body and a bushing, and the elevator main body can be overturned, so that the string enters the bushing of the elevator, to clamp the string.
Optionally, the automated equipment further may include a power catwalk positioned on the ground, the power catwalk and the workover rig can be positioned on two opposite sides of the wellhead in the front-rear direction of the automated equipment, and the power catwalk can be used to transport the string from the ground to the derrick floor and to transport the string from the derrick floor to the ground.
Optionally, the derrick floor may include a first derrick floor, a second derrick floor, and a third derrick floor, wherein
the slip, the oil field workover operation device, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can be mounted on the first derrick floor,
the string storage portion can be located on the second derrick floor; and
the driller centralized control operating apparatus and the hydraulic station can be mounted on the third derrick floor.
Optionally, the slip may include a slip housing, a slip assembly, a slip front stop, a first transmission rod, a connecting shaft, a drive member, and a second transmission rod, wherein
the slip front stop can be mounted on the slip housing,
the slip assembly can be attached to the slip housing and the slip front stop, and
the drive member can be connected to the slip assembly through the first transmission rod, the connecting shaft, and the second transmission rod.
Optionally, the slip housing may include a slip body lug, and the slip assembly includes a slip insert, a slip bowl, and a connecting lug, wherein
the slip body lug can be used to receive the connecting shaft,
the slip insert can be used to clamp the string,
the slip bowl can shrink and expand, and
the drive member can be connected to the slip assembly through the first transmission rod, the connecting shaft, the second transmission rod, and the connecting lug.
The automated equipment for drilling and workover operations of oil field provided in the present disclosure can at least partially realize unmanned drilling and workover operations, significantly improve operation efficiency of the drilling and workover operations, greatly reduce manual operation strength, and improve safety factor.
The present disclosure further provides an oil field workover operation device, so as to alleviate a technical problem of long time of on-site installation of the derrick floor and a screwing on and off apparatus in related art.
The oil field workover operation device provided in the present disclosure may include: the first derrick floor, a lifting apparatus, and a screwing on and off apparatus, wherein
the first derrick floor may include a derrick floor panel, and an avoidance hole is formed in the derrick floor panel;
the lifting apparatus can be mounted below the derrick floor panel, the lifting apparatus may include a platform base, a guide stand column group, a lifting platform, and a lifting drive mechanism, wherein the guide stand column group can be fixedly connected between the platform base and the derrick floor panel; the lifting platform can be slidably connected to the guide stand column group; the lifting driving mechanism can be in transmission connection with the lifting platform for driving the lifting platform to be lifted up and down along the guide stand column group; and
the screwing on and off apparatus can be mounted on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform can drive the screwing on and off apparatus to extend out of or retreat to the avoidance hole.
Optionally, the lifting drive mechanism can be arranged in two groups and opposite to each other;
the lifting drive mechanism may include a lifting motor, a transmission component, and a lead screw, wherein two groups of lead screws can be provided and arranged parallel to the guide stand column group, and the lifting motor can be connected to the two groups of lead screws respectively through the transmission component;
the lifting platform can be in transmission connection with the lead screws, and the lifting motor can drive the lead screws to rotate through the transmission component, so as to make the lifting platform move along axes of the lead screws.
Optionally, the transmission component may include an angular transmission box, a coupling, and a worm gear mechanism;
the angular transmission box can be in transmission connection with the lifting motor, and the angular transmission box can be connected between two groups of couplings, and the couplings are arranged perpendicular to the lead screws;
the worm gear mechanism can be provided in two groups, and each worm gear mechanism can be in transmission connection between the coupling and the lead screw.
Optionally, the guide stand column group may include four guide stand columns, and the four guide stand columns can be arranged in a rectangular shape;
the lifting platform may include two groups of guide cylinders and a track group fixedly connected between the two groups of guide cylinders; and
the guide cylinders can be slidably sleeved on two guide stand columns located on the same side.
Optionally, a translation apparatus can be provided between the lifting platform and the screwing on and off apparatus;
the translation apparatus may include a translation drive cylinder and a movable trolley in transmission connection, the translation drive cylinder can be mounted on the guide cylinder, the movable trolley can be movably arranged on the track group, and the translation drive cylinder can be used to drive the movable trolley to move between the two groups of guide cylinders; and
the avoidance hole can be a long hole, and an extension direction of the long hole can be the same as a moving direction of the movable trolley.
Optionally, the screwing on and off apparatus may include a rotating mechanism, a lifting fine-tuning mechanism, a telescoping mechanism, and a screwing on and off mechanism;
the rotating mechanism can be mounted on the movable trolley; and the lifting fine-tuning mechanism is mounted on an output end of the rotating mechanism;
the telescoping mechanism can be mounted on an output end of the lifting fine-tuning mechanism; and
the screwing on and off mechanism can be mounted on an output end of the telescoping mechanism.
Optionally, the lifting fine-tuning mechanism may include a lifting guide track, a lifting pulley, a rack, a gear, and a lifting motor;
the lifting guide track can be fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating mechanism; the lifting pulley can be slidably connected to the lifting guide track; the rack can be fixedly connected to the lifting guide track and be meshed with the gear; the gear can be pivotally connected to the lifting pulley and be in transmission connection with the lifting motor, and the lifting motor can drive the lifting pulley to move along the lifting guide track; and
the telescoping mechanism can be mounted on the lifting pulley.
Optionally, in a process that the screwing on and off apparatus extends out of the avoidance hole, a projection area thereof on the horizontal plane is not larger than a projection area of the avoidance hole, and the lifting guide track penetrates through the avoidance hole;
a first cover plate and a second cover plate can be provided at the avoidance hole, and the first cover plate can cover a part of the avoidance hole at two sides of the lifting guide track; and
an area of plate surfaces of the first cover plate and the second cover plate can be adapted to an aperture area of the avoidance hole.
Optionally, the telescoping mechanism may include a scissor-type cross component and a telescoping hydraulic cylinder;
the scissor-type cross component can be hinged between the lifting pulley and the screwing on and off mechanism, and the telescoping hydraulic cylinder can be in transmission connection with the scissor-type cross component, for driving the scissor-type cross component to extend and retract.
Optionally, the screwing on and off mechanism may include a bracket, a cantilever, a shifting mechanism, and a hydraulic clamp;
the bracket can be connected to one end of the scissor-type cross component away from the lifting pulley;
the cantilever can be fixedly connected to a top end of the bracket;
the shifting mechanism can be mounted on the hydraulic clamp; and
the hydraulic clamp can be hinged to the cantilever.
Beneficial effects are as follows.
According to the oil field workover operation device provided in the present disclosure, the first derrick floor includes the derrick floor panel, and the avoidance hole is formed in the derrick floor panel; the lifting apparatus is mounted below the derrick floor panel, the lifting apparatus includes the platform base, the guide stand column group, the lifting platform, and the lifting drive mechanism, wherein the guide stand column group is fixedly connected between the platform base and the derrick floor panel; the lifting platform is slidably connected to the guide stand column group; the lifting driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the lifting platform, and the lifting driving mechanism can drive the lifting platform to be lifted up and down along the guide stand column group, and as the screwing on and off apparatus is mounted on the lifting platform, the lifting platform can drive the screwing on and off apparatus to be lifted so as to extend out of or retreat to the avoidance hole, specifically, when in use, the screwing on and off apparatus can be made to extend out of the avoidance hole so as to facilitate use, and when not in use, the screwing on and off apparatus can be made to retreat to the avoidance hole, facilitating storage and transportation. It can be seen that the oil field workover operation device integrates the screwing on and off apparatus to the first derrick floor, then when in use, on-site installation is not required, and installation time is saved; meanwhile, overall transportation is realized, and the transportation is also relatively convenient.
The present disclosure further provides an integrated hydraulic clamp, which can realize position floating of a hydraulic clamp body, and further ensures that the hydraulic clamp body can be fitted to the string.
The integrated hydraulic clamp provided in the present disclosure may include: the hydraulic clamp body, a floating deflection device, and a movable bracket; and
the floating deflection device can be connected to the movable bracket, and the hydraulic clamp body can be mounted on the floating deflection device.
Optionally, the floating deflection device may include: a floating mounting frame and a spring sleeve, one end of the spring sleeve is connected to the movable bracket, the other end of the spring sleeve is connected to the floating mounting frame, and the hydraulic clamp body is mounted on the floating mounting frame.
Optionally, the floating deflection device further may include a floating barrel fixing seat, the floating barrel fixing seat may be mounted on the movable bracket, and the floating mounting frame is slidably connected to the floating barrel fixing seat.
Optionally, a tackle may be mounted on the floating mounting frame, the tackle may be fitted to the floating barrel fixing seat, and the tackle can roll along the floating barrel fixing seat.
Optionally, a top portion of the hydraulic clamp body can be hinged with the floating mounting frame, and a tension spring can be disposed between the hydraulic clamp body and the floating barrel fixing seat.
Optionally, the spring sleeve can be connected to the floating mounting frame through a pin shaft, and the pin shaft can be slidably connected to the floating barrel fixing seat.
Optionally, the floating barrel fixing seat may include: a sliding frame and a stand column, the sliding frame is mounted in a top portion of the stand column, the floating mounting frame is slidably connected to the sliding frame, and the stand column is provided with a chamber for accommodating the spring sleeve.
Optionally, the movable bracket may include a telescoping boom, and the floating deflection device can be connected to the telescoping boom.
Optionally, the movable bracket further may include a lifting pulley, and the telescoping boom can be mounted at a movable end of the lifting pulley.
Optionally, the movable bracket further may include a transportation base, and the lifting pulley can be mounted on the transportation base.
The embodiments of the present disclosure bring about the following beneficial effects: by connecting the floating deflection device to the movable bracket, and mounting the hydraulic clamp body to the floating deflection device, the hydraulic clamp body is allowed to have position floating amount through the floating deflection device, and when the position of the string floats slightly at the wellhead, the hydraulic clamp body still can be fitted to the string, further ensuring the smooth progress of the workover operations.
The present disclosure further provides a buckling apparatus and a string automated operating apparatus, so as to alleviate a technical problem that the apparatus for realizing buckling of strings in the related art is complex in structure.
The buckling apparatus provided in the present disclosure may include: a slip component, a drive member, and a pipe centralizing component; and
the pipe centralizing component can be movably connected to the slip component, the drive member can be connected to the slip component and be in transmission connection with the pipe centralizing component, and the drive member can be used to drive the pipe centralizing component, so that an axis of a string in the pipe centralizing component coincides with an axis of a string fixed in the slip component.
Optionally, the pipe centralizing component may include a pipe centralizing arm and a pipe centralizing hand; and
the pipe centralizing arm can be movably connected to the slip component and be in transmission connection with the drive member, and the pipe centralizing hand can be connected to one end of the pipe centralizing arm away from the drive member, for guiding buckling of the string.
Optionally, the pipe centralizing arm can be rotatably connected to the slip component.
Optionally, the slip component may include a fixing seat, the slip, and a positioning plate, and the fixing seat, the slip, and the drive member are all connected to the positioning plate; and
the pipe centralizing arm can be rotatably connected to the fixing seat through a rotating shaft, and the drive member can drive the pipe centralizing arm to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft.
Optionally, the pipe centralizing arm may include a transmission arm and a supporting arm that are connected at an angle; and
the transmission arm can be rotatably connected to the fixing seat through the rotating shaft, the drive member can be in transmission connection with the transmission arm, one end of the transmission arm away from the drive member can be connected to one end of the supporting arm, and the other end of the supporting arm can be connected to the pipe centralizing hand.
Optionally, the pipe centralizing hand can be detachably connected to the supporting arm.
Optionally, the pipe centralizing hand may be a half cylinder, an inner wall of the pipe centralizing hand can be provided with a clamping platform, and the clamping platform can be used to block the string fixed in the slip component.
Optionally, the pipe centralizing hand may include a semi-cylindrical barrel and a semi-horn barrel; and
a diameter of a first end of the semi-horn barrel can be smaller than a diameter of a second end of the semi-horn barrel, the first end of the semi-horn barrel can be connected to the semi-cylindrical barrel, and the clamping platform can be located at a joint of the semi-cylindrical barrel and the semi-horn barrel.
Optionally, the drive member can be in transmission connection with the pipe centralizing arm through a connecting rod, and the connecting rod is vertically connected to the drive member and the pipe centralizing arm respectively.
The string automated operating apparatus provided in the present disclosure may include the buckling apparatus.
Compared with the related art, the buckling apparatus and the string automated operating apparatus provided in the present disclosure have the following technical advantages.
The buckling apparatus provided in the present disclosure includes the slip component, the drive member, and the pipe centralizing component, wherein the pipe centralizing component is movably connected to the slip component, the drive member is connected to the slip component and in transmission connection with the pipe centralizing component, and the drive member is used to drive the pipe centralizing component, so that an axis of the string in the pipe centralizing component coincides with an axis of the string fixed in the slip component.
The buckling apparatus provided in the present disclosure has the following merits.
In the present disclosure, the pipe centralizing component is movably connected to the slip component, and the two are integrated into one body, and when the slip component has displacement changes with the derrick, the pipe centralizing component connected thereto moves synchronously therewith; when the drive member is started, the drive member can drive the pipe centralizing component to move, after the drive member drives for a certain period of time, an axis of a free end of the pipe centralizing component coincides with the axis of the string in the slip component, and at this time, a multi-functional manipulator of the derrick floor grabs the string and places the string into the free end of the pipe centralizing component, so that the axis of the string in the pipe centralizing component coincides with the axis of the string in the slip component, thus realizing accurate buckling of two strings. It can thus be seen that, when the buckling apparatus operates, relative positions of the pipe centralizing component and the slip component are unchanged, so that a problem of inaccurate buckling of the strings caused by the displacement change of the slip component is eliminated, meanwhile, the buckling of the strings can be realized through cooperation of the slip component, the drive member, and the pipe centralizing component with each other, which simplifies the structure of the buckling apparatus, thus a space occupied by the buckling apparatus is reduced, and the buckling apparatus is easy to maintain and repair due to the simple structure.
The string automated operating apparatus provided in the present disclosure includes the buckling apparatus, thus, technical advantages achieved by the string automated operating apparatus include the technical advantages and effects achieved by the above buckling apparatus, and are not repeated again.
The present disclosure further provides a derrick floor pipe handling manipulator, so as to alleviate a technical problem that manual pipe arrangement cannot be carried out when a mechanical pipe arranging device fails in the related art.
The derrick floor pipe handling manipulator provided in the present disclosure may include: a trolley feeding mechanism, a base, a rotating mechanism, a boom mechanism, a clamping jaw mechanism, and a first drive member;
the trolley feeding mechanism can be slidably connected to the base, the base may include a first base and a second base, the first base and the second base can be detachably connected, the first drive member can be connected to the first base and be in transmission connection with the trolley feeding mechanism;
a bottom end of the rotating mechanism can be connected to the trolley feeding mechanism, a top end of the rotating mechanism can be in transmission connection with the boom mechanism, and a free end of the boom mechanism can be connected with the clamping jaw mechanism.
Optionally, the first base can be provided with a first clamping member, the second base can be provided with a second clamping member adapted to the first clamping member, and the first base and the second base are connected through a bolt.
Optionally, the base can be provided thereon with a track, two ends of the track both can be provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part can be used to restrict a sliding range of the trolley feeding mechanism.
Optionally, the first drive member can use a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder can be hinged with the first base, and a drive end of the hydraulic cylinder can be hinged with the trolley feeding mechanism.
Optionally, the clamping jaw mechanism may include a second drive member, a first link rod, a second link rod, two third link rods, and two curved rods, the curved rods can be in a bent shape, and openings of the two curved rods can be disposed opposite to each other; and
the second drive member can be mounted on the boom mechanism and be in transmission connection with the first link rod, and two ends of the first link rod can be respectively hinged with one end of the two third link rods, the other ends of the two third link rods can be correspondingly hinged to bent parts of the two curved rods respectively, the second link rod can be connected to the boom mechanism, and two ends of the second link rod can be respectively hinged to one end of the two curved rods close to the first link rod, the other ends of the two curved rods can move close to or away from each other under driving of the third link rods, so that the other ends of the two curved rods are in a fully opened state, a half opened and half closed state, or a fully closed state.
Optionally, a plurality of rollers can be provided on the curved rods, and when the curved rods clamp the string, the plurality of rollers can be in rolling fit with the string.
Optionally, the boom mechanism may include a supporting boom, a telescoping boom, and a third drive member; and
one end of the supporting boom can be connected to the rotating mechanism, and the other end can be hinged with a first end of the telescoping boom, a second end of the telescoping boom can be connected to the clamping jaw mechanism, and the third drive member can be hinged with the supporting boom and be in transmission connection with the telescoping boom.
Optionally, the second end of the telescoping boom can be provided with a buffer mechanism, and the buffer mechanism may include a buffer rod, a supporting rod, a supporting base, and a buffer spring; and
the buffer rod can be connected to one end of the supporting rod, and the supporting rod can be slidably connected to the supporting base, the supporting base can be connected to the telescoping boom, the buffer spring can be sleeved on the supporting rod, and two ends of the buffer spring can abut against the buffer rod and the supporting base respectively, when the clamping jaw mechanism clamps the string, the buffer rod is impacted by the string, and the buffer spring may have a tendency to make the string move in a direction away from the telescoping boom.
Optionally, an induction rod can be connected to the supporting rod, and the telescoping boom can be provided with a proximity switch, then when the buffer rod is impacted by the string, the proximity switch can be triggered due to contact with the induction rod.
Optionally, the rotating mechanism may include a rotating base, a rotating component, a decelerator, and a fourth drive member; and
the rotating base can be mounted on the trolley feeding mechanism, and be rotatably connected to the rotating component, and the rotating component can be connected to the boom mechanism, and be in transmission connection with the decelerator, and the decelerator can be connected to the rotating base, and be in transmission connection with the fourth drive member.
Compared with the related art, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator provided in the present disclosure has the following technical advantages.
The derrick floor pipe handling manipulator provided in the present disclosure includes the trolley feeding mechanism, the base, the rotating mechanism, the boom mechanism, the clamping jaw mechanism, and the first drive member, wherein the trolley feeding mechanism is slidably connected to the base, the base includes the first base and the second base, the first base and the second base are detachably connected, the first drive member is connected to the first base and in transmission connection with the trolley feeding mechanism, the bottom end of the rotating mechanism is connected to the trolley feeding mechanism, the top end of the rotating mechanism is in transmission connection with the boom mechanism, and the free end of the boom mechanism is connected with the clamping jaw mechanism.
The derrick floor pipe handling manipulator provided in the present disclosure has the following merits.
In the present disclosure, when the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator operates in the operation area, the first drive member is started and drives the trolley feeding mechanism to slide on the first base and the second base, the trolley feeding mechanism synchronously drives the rotating mechanism, the boom mechanism, and the clamping jaw mechanism to move, the rotating mechanism drives the clamping jaw mechanism to rotate through the boom mechanism, thus, with the cooperation of the first drive member and the rotating mechanism, the clamping jaw mechanism can move to a position where the string is located, and then the string is grabbed or released by the jaw mechanism. When the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator fails, the trolley feeding mechanism can be driven by the first drive member to slide to the first base, then the second base is detached from the first base, so that a space occupied by the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator in the operation area is reduced, a path is provided for the manual pipe handling, and meanwhile, potential safety risks underfoot during the manual pipe handling are also eliminated, so that the manual pipe handling can still be carried out in cases where the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator fails, thereby ensuring normal progress of the workover operations.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present disclosure or the related art, drawings which need to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the related art will be introduced briefly below, and apparently, the drawings in the following description merely show some embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person ordinarily skilled in the art still could obtain other drawings in light of these drawings without using any inventive efforts.
In order to make objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and apparently, the embodiments described are some but not all embodiments of the present disclosure. Generally, components in the embodiments of the present disclosure, as described and shown in the drawings herein, may be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the claimed scope of the present disclosure, but merely illustrates chosen embodiments of the present disclosure. All of other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without using any inventive efforts shall belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that similar reference signs and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once a certain item is defined in one drawing, it is not needed to be defined or explained in subsequent drawings.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms such as “center”, “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inner”, and “outer” are based on orientation or positional relationships as shown in the drawings, or orientation or positional relationships of a product of the present disclosure conventionally placed when in use, merely for facilitating describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or suggesting that related apparatuses or elements have to be in the specific orientation, or configured or operated in a specific orientation, therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Besides, the terms such as “first”, “second”, and “third” are merely for distinguishing the description, but should not be construed as indicating or implying importance in the relativity.
Besides, the terms “horizontal”, “vertical” and the like do not mean that the parts are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, by “horizontal” it merely means that a structure is more horizontal in comparison with “vertical”, rather than being completely horizontal, while the structure can be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be further noted that, unless otherwise specifically regulated and defined, the terms “set”, “install”, “link”, and “connect” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, a connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be direct joining or indirect joining through an intermediary, and it also may be inner communication between two elements. For a person ordinarily skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present disclosure could be construed in accordance with specific circumstances.
Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
First, automated equipment 1 for drilling and workover operations of oil field according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated with reference to
As shown in
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the workover rig 10 may have a derrick 10100. In an exemplary embodiment shown, the workover rig 10 can be arranged along a front-rear direction of the automated equipment 1. In some embodiments, the derrick 10100 can be disposed at a rear end portion of the workover rig 10 and aligned with the wellhead.
In an exemplary embodiment shown, the derrick floor 20 can be placed on the ground and disposed at the wellhead. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the derrick floor 20 can be disposed adjacent to the derrick 10100. The derrick floor 20 can be provided with a string storage portion 20130 for receiving the first end portion of the string. In some optional embodiments, the string storage portion 20130 may be a recess in an upper portion of the derrick floor 20. By way of example and not limitation, the string storage portion 20130 may be a separate part arranged on an upper surface of the derrick floor 20. In addition, a plurality of string storage portions 20130 can be provided, the plurality of string storage portions 20130 can be divided into one or more groups, and each group can be disposed at a different position of the derrick floor 20. In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the derrick floor 20 may include a first derrick floor 20100, a second derrick floor 20110, and a third derrick floor 20120, the slip 60, the oil field workover operation device 70, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator can be mounted on the first derrick floor 20100, and the string storage portions 20130 can be located on the second derrick floor 20110.
According to an embodiment shown in the present disclosure, the elevator 40 can be connected to the derrick 10100, and the elevator 40 can be configured to move up and down along the derrick 10100 above the wellhead. In some exemplary embodiments, the elevator 40 can be configured to lift up and lower down the string along the derrick 10100 by clamping the string 1000.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 can be mounted on the derrick 10100 and positioned above the derrick floor 20. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 may include a fingerboard bank for receiving the second end portion of the string. The monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 can be configured to push the second end portion of the string into the fingerboard bank or take the second end portion of the string from the fingerboard bank.
In an exemplary embodiment shown, the slip 60 can be mounted on the derrick floor 20 and positioned above the wellhead, the slip 60 can be configured to be switchable between a closed position where the slip 60 clamps the string so as to prevent the string 1000 from moving through, and an opened position where the slip 60 is opened so as to allow the string 1000 to move through.
In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the oil field workover operation device 70 can be mounted on the derrick floor 20 and positioned on one side of the wellhead in a left-right direction of the automated equipment 1.
In an exemplary embodiment shown, the oil field workover operation device 70 can be connected to the power clamp 700, and the power clamp 700 can be configured to screw on and off the string 1000. It should be indicated that in some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the power clamp 700 may be an integrated hydraulic clamp, but is not limited thereto, for example, the power clamp 700 can be electrically driven.
In an embodiment shown in the present disclosure, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 can be mounted on the derrick floor 20, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 and the oil field workover operation device 70 can be positioned on two opposite sides of the wellhead in a left-right direction of the automated equipment 1. The derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 can be used to grab the string 1000 on which the lifting operation or the lowering operation is to be performed and convey the string 1000.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the automated equipment 1 further may include a buckling apparatus 80, wherein the buckling apparatus 80 can be mounted on the derrick floor 20 and can be positioned around the wellhead, and the buckling apparatus 80 can be used to realize buckling of the strings 1000. In some embodiments, the buckling apparatus can be mounted on the first derrick floor 20100.
According to the automated equipment 1 of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, in the lowering operation of the string 1000, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 grabs the second end portion of the string 1000 on which the lowering operation is to be performed, and takes the string 1000 from the fingerboard bank by grasping the second end portion of the string 1000 and conveys the string to the elevator 40; when the string 1000 is conveyed to the elevator 40, the elevator 40 clamps the string 1000 and the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 releases the string 1000; with the elevator 40 clamping the string 1000, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 grabs the first end portion of the string 1000; with the string 1000 being clamped by the elevator 40 and grasped by the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90, the elevator 40 lifts up the string 1000 so that the first end portion of the string 1000 moves away from the string storage portion 20130; the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 conveys the string 1000 to the buckling apparatus; after the buckling apparatus 80 realizes the buckling of the strings 1000, the elevator 40 lowers down the string 1000 so that the string 1000 comes into contact with a collar located at the slip 60; the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 releases the string 1000, and the power clamp 700 connected to the oil field workover operation device 70 screws on the string 1000; after the string 1000 is screwed on, the elevator 40 is lifted up for a certain distance, and then the slip 60 is opened, and the elevator 40 lowers down the string 1000, so that the lowering operation of the string 1000 is realized.
According to the automated equipment 1 of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, in the lifting operation of the string 1000, the elevator 40 clamps the second end portion of the string 1000 on which the lifting operation is to be performed; the slip 60 is opened; the elevator 40 lifts up the string 1000 so as to expose the collar located at the slip 60; after the collar is exposed, the slip 60 is closed, and the power clamp 700 connected to the oil field workover operation device 70 screws off the string 1000; after the string 1000 is screwed off, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 grabs the first end portion of the string 1000 screwed off; with the string 1000 being clamped by the elevator 40 and grasped by the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90, the elevator 40 lifts the string 1000 up so that the string 1000 is disengaged from the collar; the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 conveys the disengaged string 1000 to above the string storage portion 20130; the elevator 40 lowers the string 1000 down, until the first end portion of the string 1000 is placed in the string storage portion 20130; the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 grabs the second end portion of the string 1000 and pushes the second end portion of the string 1000 into the fingerboard bank, so as to realizing the lifting operation of the string 1000.
The automated equipment 1 for drilling and workover operations of oil field according to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can at least partially realize unmanned drilling and workover operations, significantly improve operation efficiency of the drilling and workover operations, greatly reduce manual operation strength, and improve safety factor.
According to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the automated equipment 1 further may include a power catwalk 30 positioned on the ground. By way of example and not limitation, the power catwalk 30 and the workover rig 10 can be positioned on two opposite sides of the wellhead in the front-rear direction of the automated equipment 1. In some embodiments, the power catwalk 30 can be used to transport the string from the ground to the derrick floor 20 and to transport the string from the derrick floor 20 to the ground.
In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the automated equipment 1 further may include a driller centralized control operating apparatus 100. Exemplarily, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 can be fixed on the derrick floor 20 and positioned on the left of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 in the left-right direction of the automated equipment 1. In an exemplary embodiment, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 can be configured to realize the lowering operation and the lifting operation of the automated equipment 1 on the string 1000 by sending instructions to the automated equipment 1.
In some embodiments, the automated equipment 1 further may include a hydraulic station 110, wherein the hydraulic station 110 can be mounted on the derrick floor 20 and located below the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100, and the hydraulic station 110 can be used to provide power to the automated equipment 1.
In an exemplary embodiment shown in the present disclosure, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 and the hydraulic station 110 can be mounted on the third derrick floor 20120.
Next, some states of the automated equipment 1 for drilling and workover operations of oil field provided in embodiments of the present disclosure in processes of realizing the lifting operation and the lowering operation of the string 1000 will be described in detail with reference to
In some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the oil field workover operation device 70 can be disposed on the derrick floor 20 in a manner of being movable between a raised position (e.g., as shown in
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 can be configured to move between a first position away from the slip 60 and a second position close to the slip 60, in the second position of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 can be used to grab the string 1000, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 can rotate between a facing position facing the slip 60 and a back position facing back to the slip, and in the facing position of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 can be used to grab the string 1000 located at the slip 60, and in the back position of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 can be used to grab the string located at the string storage portion 20130.
Next, various apparatuses used in the automated equipment 1 for drilling and workover operations of oil field provided in embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
Now, the power catwalk 30 provided in embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
Referring first to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
In some exemplary embodiments, an action procedure of the power catwalk 30 provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be described as follows.
The string loading procedure is as follows:
So far, the whole string loading procedure is completed.
The string lowering procedure is as follows:
So far, the string lowering procedure is completed.
Next, the elevator 40 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
In an exemplary embodiment shown, the elevator 40 may include an elevator main body 40100 and a bushing 40130, and the elevator main body can be overturned. In some embodiments, the elevator 40 further may include a valve 40110, a latch 40120, and a turnover mechanism 40140.
When the elevator 40 needs to clamp the string, the latch 40120 and the valve 40110 are opened in sequence, a hydraulic oil cylinder of the turnover mechanism acts, and the elevator main body 40100 is tilted. The string enters the bushing 40130 of the elevator 40, the latch 40120 and the valve 40110 are closed in sequence, and the string is clamped in the elevator 40 and travels up with a traveling block hook.
Next, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 provided in embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
Referring first to
As shown in
An action procedure of the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 can be divided into a lifting procedure and a lowering procedure.
In the string lifting procedure, the monkey-board manipulator 50140 waits at a rear end of the monkey board, and after the elevator 40 lifts up the string in place, the traveling drive mechanism 50160 on the manipulator 50140 can drive a gear to rotate, to be in meshing transmission with rack on the monkey board, and drive the manipulator 50140 to move to the front of the monkey board. After the manipulator 50140 reaches a target position, the electrical push cylinder pushes the manipulator 50140 to extend into the elevator 40 and grab the string, and after the push rod mechanism 501405 below the clamping jaw arm 501401 touches the string, the push rod is compressed and moves back, until the induction sensor at the rear of the push rod mechanism 501405 sends an in-place signal, the electrical push cylinder stops working, and the manipulator 50140 stops extending out. At this time, the clamping jaw is driven by the jaw opening mechanism 501404 to be closed. After the clamping jaw is closed, the manipulator 50140 can be driven by the electrical push cylinder to retract to a set position, after that, the rotating mechanism 50150 of the monkey-board manipulator, driven by the servo motor, drives an upper part of the manipulator to rotate by 90°, and after the manipulator rotates in place, the traveling trolley is driven by the traveling drive mechanism 50160 to travel backwards along the monkey board to a target fingerboard position. After the traveling trolley reaches the target fingerboard position, the automatic baffle of the fingerboard is opened, the manipulator 50140 extends out and pushes the string into the fingerboard bank, and meanwhile the automatic baffle is closed. After the manipulator 50140 pushes the string in place, the clamping jaw is opened, and after retracting, the manipulator rotates reversely by 90° to reset and wait for the next string.
In the string lowering procedure, the monkey-board manipulator 50140 waits at the rear end of the monkey board, and after the elevator 40 is in place, the manipulator 50140 can rotate by 90° (facing the target fingerboard bank), the electrical push cylinder drives the manipulator 50140 to extend out and take the string, and when the manipulator 50140 extends to a target string position, after the push rod mechanism 501405 below the clamping jaw arm 501401 touches the string, the push rod is compressed and moves back, until the induction sensor at the rear of the push rod mechanism 501405 sends an in-place signal, the electrical push cylinder stops working, and the manipulator 50140 stops extending out. At this time, the clamping jaw can be driven by the jaw opening mechanism 501404 to be closed. After the clamping jaw is closed, the manipulator 50140 is driven by the electrical push cylinder to retract to a set position, the traveling drive mechanism 50160 can drive the manipulator 50140 to travel forwards along the monkey board to a set position in a front section, and after the manipulator 50140 is in place, the rotating mechanism 50150 of the monkey-board manipulator drives the manipulator 50140 to rotate by 90°. After rotating in place, the manipulator 50140 extends out and puts the string into the elevator 40, after the elevator 40 is closed, the clamping jaw of the manipulator is opened, after the clamping jaw is opened, the manipulator 50140 retracts, and after retracting in place, the manipulator 50140 travels backwards along the monkey board to a waiting position.
The slip 60 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the slip 60 can be mounted on the derrick floor 20 and positioned above the wellhead, the slip can be switched between a closed position where the slip 60 clamps the string so as to prevent the string from moving through, and an opened position where the slip 60 is opened so as to allow the string to move through.
As shown in
In an exemplary embodiment shown, the slip front stop 60120 can be mounted on the slip housing 60100, for example, fixed to the slip housing 60100 by a pin, for ease of disassembly. A cavity of the slip housing 60100 and an inner cavity of the slip front stop 60120 may jointly form a continuous tapered surface, to which the slip assembly 60110 is attached, an outer surface of the slip assembly 60110 can be shaped as a tapered surface matched with the tapered surface. The drive member 60150 can be connected to the slip assembly 60110 through the first transmission rod 60130, the connecting shaft 60140, the second transmission rod 60160, and the connecting lug 601103, so as to implement hoisting and lowering of the slip assembly 60110 through action of a piston rod of the drive member 60150. The connecting shaft 60140 can pass through an inner hole of the first transmission rod 60130 and be fixed to the first transmission rod 60130, and one end of the connecting shaft 60140 can be connected to the connecting lug 601103 through the second transmission rod 60160. The drive member 60150 can be mounted on one side of the slip assembly 60110 and be placed at an angle to the horizontal plane. When the drive member 60150 acts, an action can be transmitted in sequence to the first transmission rod 60130, the second transmission rod 60160, the connecting shaft 60140, and finally the slip assembly 60110.
In cases where the slip 60 needs to be closed to clamp the string, after the string enters the slip assembly 60110, the piston rod of the drive member 60150 can stretch so as to push the first transmission rod 60130, so that the first transmission rod 60130 drives the slip insert 601101 in the slip assembly 60110 to clamp the string. As the string is being lowered down, the slip bowl 601102 can shrink towards center along the tapered surface inside the slip housing 60100, thus realizing tight clamping of the string to prevent the string from moving through. In cases where the slip 60 needs to be opened to release the string, when the string is being lifted up, the piston rod of the drive member 60150 can be withdrawn, so that the first transmission rod 60130 and the second transmission rod 60160 drive the slip assembly 60110 to move, which makes the slip bowl 601102 to rise and open, and further causes the slip insert 601101 to release the string, thus realizing the release of the string to allow the string to move therethrough.
It should be indicated that the drive member 60150 in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be a hydraulic cylinder, but is not limited thereto.
Next, the oil field workover operation device 70 provided in embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
Referring to
For the oil field workover operation device 70 provided in the present embodiment, since the screwing on and off apparatus 70400 is mounted on the lifting platform 70230, the lifting platform 70230 can drive the screwing on and off apparatus 70400 to be lifted up and down, so as to extend out of or retreat to the avoidance hole 70111. Specifically, when in use, the screwing on and off apparatus 70400 can be made to extend out of the avoidance hole 70111 (specifically see
Specifically, referring to
In the present embodiment, referring to
Specifically, referring to
Optionally, referring to
Referring to
Specifically, the movable trolley 70320 can be provided between the two tracks 70232 through a roller.
Referring to
Optionally, the rotating mechanism 70410 can use a rotation decelerator.
Referring to
In specific operations, the lifting motor 70425 can drive the gear 70424 to rotate, and as the gear 70424 is meshed with the rack 70423, at this time, the gear 70424 can rotate along the rack 70423, and drive the lifting pulley 70422 to perform lifting movement along the lifting guide track 70421 in the rotating process.
In the above, the lifting apparatus 70200 can drive the screwing on and off apparatus 70400 to extend out of the avoidance hole 70111, and when operation is needed, the lifting motor 70425 drives the telescoping mechanism 70430 and the screwing on and off mechanism 70440 to be finely tuned in a vertical direction through the lifting pulley 70422.
Referring to
In the above, the first cover plate 70140 and the second cover plate 70150 can be hinged to the derrick floor panel 70110, so as to ensure that the screwing on and off apparatus 70400 can directly jack up the first cover plate 70140 and the second cover plate 70150 in a rising process, so that the first cover plate 70140 and the second cover plate 70150 are opened.
Referring to
It should be noted that the scissor-type cross component 70431 may use relevant technologies, which will not be repeated in detail herein.
Optionally, the screwing on and off mechanism 70440 may include a bracket 70441, a cantilever 70442, a shifting mechanism 70443, and a hydraulic clamp 70444, wherein the bracket 70441 can be connected to one end of the scissor-type cross component 70431 away from the lifting pulley 70422; the cantilever 70442 can be fixedly connected to a top end of the bracket 70441; the shifting mechanism 70443 can be mounted on the hydraulic clamp 70444; and the hydraulic clamp 70444 can be hinged to the cantilever 70442.
In the above, the bracket 70441 further can be provided with a torque detection sensor for detecting a rotation angle of the hydraulic clamp 70444, so as to control a rotation angle of the rotating mechanism 70410.
To sum up, a process that the oil field workover operation device 70 moves to an operation angle is as follows:
starting the lifting motor 70240, to make the lifting platform 70230 drive the screwing on and off apparatus 70400 to extend out of the avoidance hole 70111;
starting the translation drive cylinder 70310, to make it drive, through the movable trolley 70320, the screwing on and off apparatus 70400 to move rightwards to a middle position along the extension direction of the avoidance hole 70111; and
starting the rotating mechanism 70410, to make it drive the lifting fine-tuning mechanism 70420, the telescoping mechanism 70430, and the screwing on and off apparatus 70440 to rotate by 90° to the operation angle, at which moment, the first cover plate 70140 can be covered.
Next, the integrated hydraulic clamp 700 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
As shown in
the floating deflection device 700200 can be connected to the movable bracket 700300, and the hydraulic clamp body 700100 is mounted on the floating deflection device 700200.
Specifically, the movable bracket 700300 can drive the floating deflection device 700200 to move in position, and the hydraulic clamp body 700100 is driven by the floating deflection device 700200 to move. The floating deflection device 700200 has a floating margin, so that the hydraulic clamp body 700100 has an up-down floating amount relative to the movable bracket 700300, and thus the hydraulic clamp body 700100 can be stably fitted to the string, further ensuring smooth progress of the workover operations.
As shown in
Specifically, the spring sleeve 700220 can elastically extend and retract longitudinally, and the floating mounting frame 700210 can be made to float longitudinally relative to the movable bracket 700300 through the spring sleeve 700220, further keeping the hydraulic clamp body 700100 stably fitted to the string.
Optionally, the floating deflection device 700200 further may include a floating barrel fixing seat 700230, the floating barrel fixing seat 700230 is mounted on the movable bracket 700300, and the floating mounting frame 700210 is slidably connected to the floating barrel fixing seat 700230.
Specifically, the floating mounting frame 700210 can be fitted to the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, and the floating mounting frame 700210 can slide along the floating barrel fixing seat 700230. In a process that the floating mounting frame 700210 slides along the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, the spring sleeve 700220 is elastically deformed between the floating mounting frame 700210 and the movable bracket 700300, so that the spring sleeve 700220 has an elastic supporting effect on the floating mounting frame 700210.
Optionally, a tackle 700211 can be mounted on the floating mounting frame 700210, the tackle 700211 is fitted to the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, and the tackle 700211 rolls along the floating barrel fixing seat 700230.
Specifically, four tackles 700211 can be mounted on the floating mounting frame 700210, wherein two tackles 700211 are located on one side of the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, and the other two tackles 700211 are located on the other side of the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, and in a sliding process of the floating mounting frame 700210 along the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, the tackles 700211 roll along the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, thus reducing sliding resistance of the floating mounting frame 700210 relative to the floating barrel fixing seat 700230.
As shown in
Specifically, the hydraulic clamp body 700100 can swing around a hinge shaft relative to the floating mounting frame 700210, the tension spring 700400 has a traction effect on the hydraulic clamp body 700100, and in a process that the movable bracket 700300 drives the hydraulic clamp body 700100 to move, the tension spring 700400 can mitigate shaking of the hydraulic clamp body 700100 relative to the movable bracket 700300.
As shown in
Specifically, a sliding groove can be disposed on the floating barrel fixing seat 700230, and the pin shaft 700240 passes through an end portion of the spring sleeve 700220 and the floating mounting frame 700210, so that the spring sleeve 700220 is connected to the floating mounting frame 700210.
As shown in
Specifically, the sliding groove can be provided on the sliding frame 700231, and the floating mounting frame 700210 can slide along the sliding frame 700231. The spring sleeve 700220 can be mounted in the chamber of the stand column 700232, and the spring sleeve 700220 and the stand column 700232 are connected to the movable bracket 700300.
As shown in
Specifically, a parallelogram boom can be used as the telescoping boom 700310, and the parallelogram boom is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to extend, retract, and deform, so as to adjust the floating deflection device 700200 to move along the horizontal direction.
Optionally, the movable bracket 700300 further may include a lifting pulley 700320, and the telescoping boom 700310 is mounted at a movable end of the lifting pulley 700320.
Specifically, the lifting pulley 700320 may include a stand column and a lifting drive member, the lifting drive member slides along the stand column, and the lifting drive member can drive the telescoping boom 700310 to lift up and down.
Optionally, the movable bracket 700300 further may include a transportation base 700330, and the lifting pulley 700320 is mounted on the transportation base 700330. In the above, the stand column of the lifting pulley 700320 can be rotatably connected to the transportation base 700330, and the lifting pulley 700320 rotates around a longitudinal rotating shaft, so that a position of the floating deflection device 700200 can be adjusted, further making the hydraulic clamp body 700100 move above the string. By driving the telescoping boom 700310 to be lowered down by the lifting pulley 700320, the hydraulic clamp body 700100 can be fitted to the string.
Next, the buckling apparatus 80 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
The buckling apparatus 80 provided in the present embodiment may include a slip component 80100, a drive member 80200, and a pipe centralizing component 80300, wherein the pipe centralizing component 80300 can be movably connected to the slip component 80100, the drive member 80200 can be connected to the slip component 80100 and be in transmission connection with the pipe centralizing component 80300, and the drive member 80200 can be used to drive the pipe centralizing component 80300, so that an axis of the string in the pipe centralizing component 80300 coincides with an axis of the string fixed in the slip component 80100.
In the present embodiment, referring to
It should be indicated that the drive member 80200 of the present disclosure can use a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, a linear motor, and so on.
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the pipe centralizing component 80300 may include a pipe centralizing arm 80310 and a pipe centralizing hand 80320, wherein the pipe centralizing arm 80310 can be movably connected to the slip component 80100 and be in transmission connection with the drive member 80200, and the pipe centralizing hand 80320 can be connected to one end of the pipe centralizing arm 80310 away from the drive member 80200, for guiding buckling of the strings.
Specifically, referring to
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the pipe centralizing arm 80310 can be rotatably connected to the slip component 80100.
Optionally, the slip component 80100 may include a fixing seat 80110, the slip and a positioning plate 80130, wherein all of the fixing seat 80110, the slip 60, and the drive member 80200 can be connected to the positioning plate 80130, the pipe centralizing arm 80310 can be rotatably connected to the fixing seat 80110 through a rotating shaft, and the drive member 80200 can drive the pipe centralizing arm 80310 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft.
Specifically, the fixing seat 80110 can be used to support the pipe centralizing arm 80310, as shown in
In the operations of the buckling apparatus of the present embodiment, a case that the drive member 80200 is a hydraulic cylinder, the string fixed in the slip 60 is a first string, and the string to be centralized by the pipe centralizing hand 80320 is a second string is taken as an example.
When the hydraulic cylinder is started, a drive end thereof extends out rightwards, and drives the pipe centralizing arm 80310 to rotate in the anti-clockwise direction, and the pipe centralizing hand 80320 also rotates in the anti-clockwise direction. When the drive end extends out rightwards for a certain stroke, referring to FIG. the axis of the pipe centralizing hand 80320 can be perpendicular to the positioning plate 80130, in this case, the multi-functional manipulator of the derrick floor grabs the second string and places the second string into the pipe centralizing hand 80320, so that an axis of the second string coincides with an axis of the first string, and the pipe centralizing hand 80320 centralizes the second string. When returning, the drive end drives the pipe centralizing arm 80310 to rotate in the clockwise direction, and the pipe centralizing hand 80320 gets out of the way in a direction away from the slip 60.
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the pipe centralizing arm 80310 may include a transmission arm 80311 and a supporting arm 80312 that are connected at an angle, the transmission arm 80311 can be rotatably connected to the fixing seat 80110 through the rotating shaft, the drive member 80200 can be in transmission connection with the transmission arm 80311, one end of the transmission arm 80311 away from the drive member 80200 can be connected to one end of the supporting arm 80312, and the other end of the supporting arm 80312 can be connected to the pipe centralizing hand 80320.
Specifically, referring to
The pipe centralizing arm 80310 can be designed as an integrated structure, that is, the transmission arm 80311 and the supporting arm 80312 are integrally formed, or designed as a connected structure, that is, the transmission arm 80311 and the supporting arm 80312 are separately formed, and the two are connected to form the pipe centralizing arm 80310.
Optionally, the pipe centralizing hand 80320 can be detachably connected to the supporting arm 80312.
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the pipe centralizing hand 80320 is a half cylinder, an inner wall of the pipe centralizing hand 80320 is provided with a clamping platform 80321, and the clamping platform 80321 is used to block the string fixed in the slip component 80100.
Specifically, referring to
In the following, the string fixed in the slip 60 being a first string and the string to be centralized by the pipe centralizing hand 80320 being a second string is taken as an example.
Referring to
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the pipe centralizing hand 80320 may include a semi-cylindrical barrel 80322 and a semi-horn barrel 80323, wherein a diameter of a first end of the semi-horn barrel 80323 can be smaller than a diameter of a second end of the semi-horn barrel 80323, the first end of the semi-horn barrel 80323 can be connected to the semi-cylindrical barrel 80322, and the clamping platform 80321 can be located at a joint of the semi-cylindrical barrel 80322 and the semi-horn barrel 80323.
Specifically, referring to
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the drive member 80200 is in transmission connection with the pipe centralizing arm 80310 through a connecting rod 80400, and the connecting rod 80400 is vertically connected to the drive member 80200 and the pipe centralizing arm 80310 respectively.
Specifically, referring to
In the present embodiment, when the hydraulic cylinder is started, the drive end thereof extends out and drives the connecting rod 80400 to move, and while the connecting rod 80400 is moving, the transmission arm 80311 is made to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft, so that the pipe centralizing hand 80320 rotates towards the center of the slip 60. With reference to
A string automated operating apparatus provided in the present embodiment may include the buckling apparatus, thus, technical advantages achieved by the string automated operating apparatus include the technical advantages and effects achieved by the above buckling apparatus, which will not be repeated herein again.
Next, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 provided in embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
As shown in
Specifically, with reference to
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the first base 90210 can be provided with a first clamping member 90211, the second base 90220 can be provided with a second clamping member 90221 adapted to the first clamping member 90211, and the first base 90210 and the second base 90220 can be connected through a bolt.
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the base 90200 can be provided thereon with a track 90230, two ends of the track 90230 both can be provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part can be used to restrict a sliding range of the trolley feeding mechanism 90100.
Specifically, referring to
Referring to
Referring to
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the first drive member 90600 may use a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder can be hinged with the first base 90210, and a drive end of the hydraulic cylinder can be hinged with the trolley feeding mechanism 90100.
Specifically, referring to
It should be supplemented that using the hydraulic cylinder as the drive member of the trolley feeding mechanism 90100, a transmission mode thereof is simple, and it is easy to maintain when it fails.
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the clamping jaw mechanism 90500 may include a second drive member 90510, a first link rod 90520, a second link rod 90530, two third link rods 90540, and two curved rods 90550, wherein the curved rods 90550 can be in a bent shape, and openings of the two curved rods 90550 are disposed opposite to each other. The second drive member 90510 can be mounted on the boom mechanism 90400 and be in transmission connection with the first link rod 90520. Two ends of the first link rod 90520 can be respectively hinged with one end of the two third link rods 90540, and the other ends of the two third link rods 90540 can be correspondingly hinged to bent parts of the two curved rods 90550 respectively. The second link rod 90530 can be connected to the boom mechanism 90400, two ends of the second link rod 90530 can be respectively hinged to one end of the two curved rods 90550 close to the first link rod 90520, and the other ends of the two curved rods 90550 can move close to or away from each other under driving of the third link rods 90540, so that the other ends of the two curved rods 90550 are in a fully opened state, a half opened and half closed state, or a fully closed state.
In the present embodiment, referring to
During continued extension of the drive end of the hydraulic cylinder, component states of the two curved rods 90550 are gradually changed from fully opened to half opened and half closed and fully closed. In practical application, when the clamping jaw mechanism 90500 is ready to grab the string, the two curved rods 90550 are in the fully opened state; when the string is clamped or the string is driven to rotate, the two curved rods 90550 are in a half opened and half closed state; and when the strings are buckled, the two curved rods 90550 are in the fully closed state, so that the strings are tightly clamped, not easy to vibrate, and easy to buckle.
Optionally, a plurality of rollers 90560 can be provided on the curved rods 90550, and when the curved rods 90550 clamp the string, the plurality of rollers 90560 can be in rolling fit with the string.
Specifically, referring to
The trolley feeding mechanism 90100 may include a feeding trolley 90110, a first holding plate 90120, and a supporting framework 90130, wherein the feeding trolley 90110 can be slidably connected to the base 90200 and be in transmission connection with the first drive member 90600, a bottom surface of the first holding plate 90120 can be connected to the feeding trolley 90110, an upper surface of the first holding plate 90120 can be connected to the supporting framework 90130, and the rotating mechanism 90300 can be mounted on the supporting framework 90130.
Referring to
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the rotating mechanism 90300 may include a rotating base 90310, a rotating component 90320, a decelerator 90330, and a fourth drive member 90340, wherein the rotating base 90310 can be mounted on the trolley feeding mechanism 90100, and be rotatably connected to the rotating component 90320, and the rotating component 90320 can be connected to the boom mechanism 90400, and be in transmission connection with the decelerator 90330, and the decelerator 90330 can be connected to the rotating base 90310, and be in transmission connection with the fourth drive member 90340.
In the present embodiment, with reference to
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, the boom mechanism 90400 may include a supporting boom 90410, a telescoping boom 90420, and a third drive member 90430, wherein one end of the supporting boom 90410 can be connected to the rotating mechanism 90300, and the other end can be hinged with a first end of the telescoping boom 90420, a second end of the telescoping boom 90420 can be connected to the clamping jaw mechanism 90500, and the third drive member 90430 can be hinged with the supporting boom 90410 and be in transmission connection with the telescoping boom 90420.
In the present embodiment, referring to
To sum up, through the cooperation of the first drive member 90600, the fourth drive member 90340, and the third drive member 90430, the clamping jaw mechanism 90500 can realize the movement in the horizontal direction, the rotation around the vertical axis, and the movement in the vertical direction respectively, ensuring that the clamping jaw mechanism 90500 can be adapted to strings at different positions.
In an optional technical solution of the present embodiment, referring to
Specifically, referring to
Optionally, an induction rod 90750 can be connected to the supporting rod 90720, and the telescoping boom 90420 can be provided with a proximity switch 90760, then when the buffer rod 90710 is impacted by the string, the proximity switch 90760 can be triggered due to contact with the induction rod 90750.
Specifically, referring to what is shown in
Next, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 can integrally design an automated operating system, a workover rig operating system, and a monitoring system into an operation panel, and internal layout can be divided, according to functions, into a workover rig operation region, an automated equipment operation region, a video monitoring and automated equipment parameter setting region.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 can be highly integrated, remotely controlled, and operated in one key mode, to realize the operation process management of each unit. In some optional embodiments, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 may have a mechanism of multi-level safety emergency stop for unit body emergency stop and device total emergency stop and pause, and in a synchronous operation process of multiple devices, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 detects device position information in real time, and realizes motion anti-collision and interlocking protection of the devices. In addition, the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 can have device status and parameter collection, storage, and fault alarm diagnosis functions. Preferably, the functions of the driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 can be flexibly switched remotely/locally, manually/automatically. The driller centralized control operating apparatus 100 is highly integrated, and one driller can complete the tripping operation.
Next, the hydraulic station 110 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
The hydraulic station 110 may include a skid-mounted seat, a hydraulic oil tank, a pump set, connecting pipelines, various valve sets, a control system, and other auxiliary supporting measures. The hydraulic station 110 can be used to provide power to the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90, the buckling apparatus 80, the integrated hydraulic clamp 700, the power catwalk 30, the elevator 40 and so on.
The hydraulic station 110 can consist of two identical motors and two identical oil pumps, one group of “electric motor+oil pump” is for use, and the other for standby; the two pumps operate independently, with interlocked electrical control, are equipped with independent cooling system and heating system, and have temperature sensing and PLC automatic control.
The automated equipment 1 for drilling and workover operations of oil field in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure completes the lowering operation and the lifting operation of the string 1000 at the wellhead through cooperation of the workover rig 10, the derrick floor 20, the elevator 40, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50, the slip 60, the oil field workover operation device 70, the buckling apparatus 80, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90.
Next, a control procedure of the lifting process of the integrated hydraulic clamp 700 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
As shown in
Next, the control procedure of the lifting process of the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
As shown in
Next, a control procedure of a lifting process of the monkey-board manipulator 50140 of the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus 50 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
As shown in
Next, a control procedure of the lowering operation of the string 1000 realized by the automated equipment 1 for drilling and workover operations of oil field provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to
As shown in
Preparation: preparation before drill-down is performed (operation can be performed through a control panel, a switch “panel” is selected, “drill down” is selected for procedure switch, “corresponding specification selection” is selected for specification switch) to initialize the automated equipment 1 into a preparation state as shown in
Taking out the string: after the initialization of the automated equipment 1 is completed, the elevator 40 is opened and is lifted up to an appropriate height from the monkey board (indicator light is turned on when the elevator is opened in place), the telescoping arm rotates by 90° towards the target fingerboard bank, and a servo motor of manipulator traveling shaft drives the trolley to travel to a set target fingerboard position, a telescoping-shaft electric servo cylinder drives the telescoping arm to extend out to a set target position in the fingerboard, and the sensor in the clamping jaw detects whether a string exists, which detection process is similar to that described above with reference to
Conveying the string: the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 rotates to a target angle to reach the back position facing back to the slip 60, the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator 90 extends out to a target position, and at this time, it is detected whether a string exists, which detection process is similar to that described above with reference to
Screwing on the string: after the string 1000 is located at the slip 60, the integrated hydraulic clamp 700 is started, the telescoping arm of the integrated hydraulic clamp 700 extends out to the center of the wellhead, the height of the integrated hydraulic clamp 700 is adjusted to a height suitable for screwing on, then the integrated hydraulic clamp 700 screws on the string 1000 to set torque, and after the screwing on is completed, the integrated hydraulic clamp 700 is reset.
Lowering down the string: after the string 1000 is screwed on, the slip 60 is opened, and the elevator 40 lowers the string 1000 down into the well, completing the lowering operation of the string 1000.
Finally, it should be indicated that the various embodiments above are merely used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than limiting the present disclosure; while the detailed description is made to the present disclosure with reference to various preceding embodiments, those ordinarily skilled in the art should understand that they still could modify the technical solutions recited in various preceding embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure discloses the automated equipment for drilling and workover operations of oil field, and the oil field workover operation device, the integrated hydraulic clamp, the buckling apparatus and the string automated operating apparatus, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator for use in the automated equipment. The automated equipment includes the workover rig, the derrick floor, the elevator, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus, the slip, the oil field workover operation device, the power clamp, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator, and the lifting operation and the lowering operation of the string at the wellhead is realized through the cooperation of the workover rig, the derrick floor, the elevator, the monkey-board string automatic placement apparatus, the slip, the oil field workover operation device, the power clamp, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator. The workover rig has the derrick, the workover rig is arranged along the front-rear direction of the automated equipment, and the derrick is provided at the rear end portion of the workover rig and is aligned with the wellhead. The derrick floor is disposed on the ground and at the wellhead, and the derrick floor is provided adjacent to the derrick. The oil field workover operation device is positioned on one side of the wellhead in the left-right direction of the automated equipment, and the oil field workover operation device is provided on the derrick floor in such a manner of being movable between the raised position where the oil field workover operation device extends out above the derrick floor and the retreated position where the oil field workover operation device retreats below the derrick floor. The automated equipment in the present disclosure significantly improves the operation efficiency of the drilling and workover operations, greatly reduces the manual operation strength, and improves the safety factor.
In addition, it should be understood that, the automated equipment for drilling and workover operations of oil field, and the oil field workover operation device, the integrated hydraulic clamp, the buckling apparatus and the string automated operating apparatus, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator for use in the automated equipment in the present disclosure are reproducible, and can be applied in a variety of industrial applications. For example, the automated equipment for drilling and workover operations of oil field, and the oil field workover operation device, the integrated hydraulic clamp, the buckling apparatus and the string automated operating apparatus, and the derrick floor pipe handling manipulator for use in the automated equipment can be used in the technical field of drilling and workover operations of oil field.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202023246053.1 | Dec 2020 | CN | national |
| 202120001448.0 | Jan 2021 | CN | national |
| 202120001464.X | Jan 2021 | CN | national |
| 202120001472.4 | Jan 2021 | CN | national |
| 202110503197.0 | May 2021 | CN | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2021/141749 | Dec 2021 | US |
| Child | 18335992 | US |
