The present invention relates to automatic self-operated terminals, vending machines, and interactive data processing networks. More specifically, this invention relates to terminals used by banking and other financial institutions to make their services available at all hours of the day from various remote locations.
Loan processing has traditionally been a labor-intensive business which represents the major activity of banks and other financial institutions. In the processing of a loan application, numerous forms have to be filled-out, loan officers have to explain payment schedules and generally guide the applicant through the loan application process. The financial institution then has to process the application and either telephone, mail, or communicate acceptance or rejection of the loan in person to the applicant. The complexity of the process has so far prevented the application of automatic terminals to this important part of financial institution activities. Automatic vending machines and self-service terminals have evolved to a high degree of sophistication as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,359,631 Lockwood, et al. Yet, this high degree of sophistication has not been put to use in the more complex types of goods and services distribution which requires a great deal of interaction between individuals or between individuals and institutions.
The principal object of this invention is to provide an economical means for screening loan applications. When one considers that up to 75% of persons applying for loans fail to meet the financial institution qualification criteria, one realizes that a great deal of labor is required by loan officers before a qualified applicant presents himself.
Another object of the invention is to standardize the reporting and interpretation of credit ratings and their application to loan application processing.
A further object of the invention is to reduce the amount of paperwork and processing time required by each loan application.
It is also an object of the invention to offer a more personal way to apply for credit. Many applicants who would not hesitate to use a mechanical device to place their inquiry are reluctant to inquire about loans requiring face-to-face interaction with a loan officer.
These and other objects are achieved by means of a system that ties together financial institution data processing, the computer services of a credit reporting bureau, and a plurality of remote terminals. Each remote terminal displays the live image of a fictitious loan officer who helps the applicant through an interactive series of questions and answers designed to solicit from the applicant all the information necessary to process his loan application. The terminal can acquire credit rating information about the applicant from the credit reporting bureau and make a decision based on all the information gathered about the credit worthiness of the applicant and the amount of loan to which he is entitled. The loan amount is then communicated to the applicant and to the financial institution for further processing of the loan.
Referring now to the drawings, there is shown in
The system operates as follows. The central processor 104 of the financial institution 101 periodically sends to the terminals 105 at the various remote sites 102 loan rate information and other data pertinent to the loans available from that institution which are extracted from the loan rate file 109. That information is stored in the various terminals and can be reviewed by an applicant in need of a loan. Once the applicant has selected a type of loan which is available from the institution, he is asked to provide the pertinent personal information data which will be necessary to process his loan application. The information provided by the applicant is supplemented by a financial profile obtained directly from the credit rating service after being automatically requested by the terminal 105. The terminal 105 is programmed to compute the credit worthiness of the applicant and to approve or disapprove the loan. Once the loan has been approved the applicant is requested to accept it or reject it. Accepted loan information is transmitted to the central processor of the financial institution and stored in the active case file 111. Information about loans which have not been accepted on the spot, are also transmitted to the financial institution and stored for a period of time in the quoted case file 110. The customer can return to one of the terminals and accept that loan anytime during the validity period.
Turning now to
Communication with the applicant is done mainly through the video screen 118. The video screen 118 displays the picture of a fictitious loan officer who informs the applicant about the various types of loans available as well as the manner in which the application can be filed. The applicant answers the request of a loan officer by means of a touch pad 119 or a keyboard. Any entry made by the applicant on the touch pad 119 is processed and orally repeated immediately by means of a voice synthesizer 120 and loud speaker 121. The oral expression of the answers provided by the applicant is a way to assure that no false entry is made. A magnetic strip reader 122 may be provided so that the applicant can give an account number or an identification by means of a credit card. A printer 123 is used to deliver to the applicant a hard copy of any loan quotation as well as a confirmation of his accepted loan.
Turning now to
The last flow diagram on the drawing represents the final phase of the loan application transaction. Once the terminal equipment has determined that the applicant qualifies 162 for the loan, the applicant is so notified 163, and instructed how to obtain the loan funds. The institution is also notified 165, and the loan is processed through the active case file 111 by the central processor 104. The fictitious loan officer closes the transaction by giving his final greetings 166 before the system is returned to a standby condition. If the applicant does not qualify for the amount of loan requested, he is first asked whether a lesser amount 167 would be acceptable to him. He is then instructed to enter the lesser amount 168 through the touch pad 119. That new amount is then checked against the determination already made by the terminal. The process is repeated until an acceptable amount is requested by the applicant, or until such time as the applicant declines to proceed with the loan application.
It should be noted that the system as described could be applied to other forms of transactions in which information has to be acquired from a customer then processed to a decision or into the performance of a particular task. A similar system could be used, for instance, for the preparation and filing of income tax returns. In such case, the assistance that the fictitious person who appears on the video screen can give to the applicant in filling-out the tax form can be easily programmed on the videodisc.
Related applications of the system include the selection and purchase of stocks and securities, the selection and opening of so-called “self-directed investments” such as Individual Retirement Accounts, and other complex transactions which normally require a great deal of time and attention on the part of the officers of an institution.
For instance, the above-described system may be utilized as a trading network between buyers and sellers of securities without changing the hardware components of the system, and with only minor adaptations of the programming routines. Each self-service terminal or station 105 can be used by either a seller or buyer of securities as well as a stock broker or other trading agency. The seller supplies information about the securities in his portfolio that he wants to trade by entering an offer to sell on his station 105. The offer is automatically transferred to the central processor 104 at an institution 101 acting as a clearinghouse. The information about the offer becomes part of a database stored in the memory 108 of the institution, such as in the active case file 111. Any prospective buyer can access the database through one of the stations 105 to evaluate what type of security may be available for purchase. The prospective buyer can then transmit an acceptance of one of the offers stored in the active case file 111 or transmit a counter-offer to purchase the same security at a lower price. The central processor 104 at the institution is used to match buy and sell offers, update the active case files and confirm transactions.
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been described and several modifications have been suggested, other embodiments may be devised without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.
This is a continuation application of copending application Ser. No. 08/347,270 filed Nov. 30, 1994, U.S. Pat. No. 6,289,319 which is a continuation of Ser. No. 08/096,610 filed Jul. 23, 1993 abandoned, which is a continuations application Ser. No. 07/752,026 filed Aug. 29, 1991, abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/168,856, filed Mar. 16, 1988, abandoned which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 06/822,115, filed Jan. 24, 1986, abandoned which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 06/613,525, filed May 24, 1984 now U.S. Pat. No. 4,567,359 issued Jan. 28, 1986.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
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4333152 | Best | Jun 1982 | A |
4359631 | Lockwood et al. | Nov 1982 | A |
4714989 | Billings | Dec 1987 | A |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 08347270 | Nov 1994 | US |
Child | 08418772 | US | |
Parent | 08096610 | Jul 1993 | US |
Child | 08347270 | US | |
Parent | 07752026 | Aug 1991 | US |
Child | 08096610 | US | |
Parent | 07168856 | Mar 1988 | US |
Child | 07752026 | US | |
Parent | 06822115 | Jan 1986 | US |
Child | 07168856 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 06613525 | May 1984 | US |
Child | 06822115 | US |