The present invention relates to an automated primer application system (PA) for producing an attachment part for means of transportation, a method for the controlled application of primer liquids on surfaces of attachment parts, and the use of high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwovens in such a method.
Application systems for primer liquids on main bodies of panes are known. They are used to prepare the main bodies of panes for gluing. Such primer liquids are usually applied to the panes manually via small bottles with a separate felt head, which entails some disadvantages as well as increased material cost. For example, the contour of the gluing line must be traveled very precisely in order to avoid primer defects or pools or runs. Also, the felt must be replaced periodically, always with a considerable amount of primer being lost.
With some automated methods, the primer liquid is applied on the pane using a robot arm, but working with felts here as well. These methods do, to be sure, enable precise deposition of primer, which, however, does not solve the problems associated with the use of felts. In addition, the felt head of the robot must be changed at regular intervals, which requires an additional mechanism.
Thus, for example, a liquid dispensing apparatus for applying liquids on a receiving surface is known from the German patent application DE 102 49 726 A1. The dispensing apparatus operates with a flow-through felt web. The dispensing apparatus can have one or a plurality of dispensing heads, each of which includes a dispensing gun and an articulated rub block. The articulated rub block includes a recess or galley immediately behind the felt in order to provide a small puddle of liquid material for soaking through the felt during a dispensing operation. The dispensing apparatus can be tilted such that only one dispensing head at a time is presented to the receiving surface. The galley has a geometry such that the bead profile of the liquid material dispensed onto the surface is improved. Liquid material is dispensed by means of relative lateral movement between the apparatus and the receiving surface. However, since the felt web is very flexible, the dispensing apparatus includes a complexly designed transport control in order to ensure reproducible dispensing of liquid.
The object of the present invention is, consequently, to remedy the above described disadvantages of the prior art in order, in particular, to reduce the material cost and to avoid primer defects, pools, or runs. Moreover, for application of liquids on surfaces, the use of felt webs and a complex transport control system should be avoided.
Overall, the application of liquids, in particular of primers, on surfaces, in particular the surface of vehicle attachment parts, most particularly of vehicle window panes, should be done in an exactly reproducible and material-saving manner.
Accordingly, the new automated primer application system PA for producing attachment parts for means of transportation was discovered, which includes a high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven and which is referred to in the following as the “application system PA according to the invention”. In it, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is provided for application of a liquid.
Also discovered was the new method for the controlled application of primer liquids on surfaces, in which the primer application system PA according to the invention is used and which is referred to in the following as the “method according to the invention”.
And, last but not least, the new use of high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwovens in a method for producing attachment parts for means of transportation was discovered, which is referred to in the following as the “use according to the invention”.
In view of the prior art, it was surprising and unforeseeable for the person skilled in the art that the objects of the present invention could be accomplished using the application system PA according to the invention, the method according to the invention, and the use according to the invention. In particular, using the application system according to the invention and the method according to the invention, it was possible to remedy the above-described disadvantages of the prior art. Surprisingly, it was possible to reduce the material cost and to avoid primer defects or pools or runs. Also, it was possible to avoid the use of felt webs for the application of liquids on surfaces and a complex transport control system. Overall, the application of liquids, in particular of primer liquids on surfaces, in particular the surface of vehicle window panes, was exactly reproducible and cost-saving. But, above all, the application systems according to the invention got by with a minimum of movable parts such that the undesirable drying out of the liquids during application or in the parking position of the application systems according to the invention was significantly reduced or completely prevented. It was, in particular, surprising that a new, beneficial, and widely applicable use could be discovered for high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwovens.
The present invention relates to an automated primer application system for producing attachment parts for means of transportation. The automated primer application system includes at least a high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven, an output reel for clean, i.e., unused, high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven, and a take-up reel for used, i.e., already having been in contact with a surface of a part, high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven. Also, the automated primer application system includes an application head with a nozzle opening. The high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is guided from the output reel over the application head to the take-up reel and is arranged in front of the nozzle opening. A primer liquid can be fed through the nozzle opening such that primer liquid can be applied on a surface of the part via the polymer-cellulose nonwoven.
During the application of liquids, in particular of primers, with the automated primer application system according to the invention, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is saturated and, thus, transfers the liquid onto the surface, preferably onto the glass, ceramic, or plastic surface, and in particular onto the main bodies of panes. In contrast to the prior art methods using felt, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven absorbs significantly less liquid, in particular significantly less primer, such that at the time of a change or further cycling of the fabric, less liquid, in particular less primer, has to be discarded. In addition, the formation of primer pools and primer runs is reduced. The change of the fabric in the context of the method according to the invention is done using the application system according to the invention via the roller system comprising the output reel and a take-up reel similar to a film reel, wherein in each case the roller system only has to displace the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven by a few centimeters.
The present invention achieves its advantages in that the primers or other liquids are not applied by felt heads or felt webs, but, rather, by a nozzle with a pretensioned high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven, wherein the liquid saturates the fabric and, thus, the liquid can be transferred to the surface, preferably a glass, ceramic, or plastic surface and, in particular, a main body of a pane for a vehicle window pane. The high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven preferably has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably of 0.2 mm to 1 mm. With these material thicknesses, the loss of primer liquid at the time of further cycling of the used soaked nonwoven is advantageously reduced, while, at the same time, the nonwoven demonstrates very good stability.
Considered as polymers of the polymer-cellulose nonwoven are all technical plastics that can form fibers which can be shaped with a high-pressure waterjet without decomposition and can be adhesively bonded with other fibrous materials such as cellulose nonwovens. Thermoplastic polyesters, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), are particularly preferably used. Particularly good results have been obtained with PET-cellulose nonwovens.
Preferably, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven contains or is made of, based on its respective total amount, 40 wt.-% to 60 wt.-% polyester and 60 wt.-% to 40 wt.-% cellulose, in particular 48 wt.-% polyester and 52 wt.-% cellulose.
Particularly preferably, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polyester-cellulose nonwoven contains or is made of, based on its respective total amount, 40 to 60 wt.-% polyester and 60 to 40 wt.-% cellulose, in particular 48 wt.-% polyester and 52 wt.-% cellulose. Materials of this type are known and are marketed, for example, under the trademark DuPont Sontara® PrintMaster. These Sontara® nonwovens are marketed as specialty washcloths for printers with a turning mechanism and a rough printing cylinder. The Sontara® nonwoven (cf. American patent U.S. Pat. No. 3,837,995) has been used, for example, in surgical face masks (cf. German patent application DE 36 01 449 A1) and in medical cover sheets (cf. European patent EP 0 197 048 B1). Use of the Sontara® nonwovens in the production of attachment parts for means of transportation is not known.
In the context of the present invention, the term “attachment parts for means of transportation” means vehicle windows, vehicle roofs, spoiler elements, pillar covers, roof panels, seals, and trim strips, or the like. The term “means of transportation” means of transportation on land, in particular motor vehicles, buses, or trains, means of transportation in the air, in particular aircraft, balloons, or airships, and means of transportation on water, in particular ships and boats.
The term “vehicle window pane” includes, in the context of the present invention, panes made of mineral glass or plastic. The panes can be designed bent or curved or three-dimensional and have a black border. The black border can be produced by screen printing with a suitable ceramic or organic screen printing paste, or by gate molding of a polymeric material layer. Moreover, the panes can have additional elements, for instance, mounting domes, ornamental decorations, or soft components. In a preferred embodiment, the automated primer application system includes at least one carrier plate and one guide roller. The take-up reel for the used high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven and the output reel for the clean high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven are arranged on the carrier plate. The output reel is rotatably arranged on the carrier plate with the help of one or a plurality of first bushings. The take-up reel is rotatably arranged on the carrier plate with the help of at least one second bushing. The primer application system also includes a guide roller associated with the rotatable output reel. The guide roller is arranged such that the clean high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is guided from the output reel via the guide roller to the nozzle opening of the application head, where it is soaked with the primer liquid, and fed from there to the take-up reel and is wound up there. By means of the routing of the polymer-cellulose nonwoven via the guide roller, optimal pretensioning of the polymer-cellulose nonwoven is achieved.
In a preferred embodiment of the automated primer application systems, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is guided via the take-up reel, the output reel, the application head with the nozzle opening, and 1 to 3 guide rollers. Due to the properties of the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven, no complicated transport system is necessary, since good pretensioning is already achieved with a system consisting of only a few rollers. Preferably, only 1 to 2 guide rollers are, particularly preferably only 1 guide roller is part of the automated primer application system. With one guide roller, the system and, thus, also production is more economical and the system requires less space at the production site and can be used more flexibly, even for small parts.
Preferably, the output reel is arranged on the carrier plate above the take-up reel. Thus, no primer liquid adhering to the used polymer-cellulose nonwoven can drip, through the action of gravity, onto the clean polymer-cellulose nonwoven on the output reel.
The width of the polymer-cellulose nonwovens can vary widely and is governed primarily by the desired width of the track applied on the surface. However, it is also possible not to achieve the desired width with one pass of the method according to the invention but rather with multiple passes.
The primer application system according to the invention has an application head that is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon®) or polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE). This has the advantage that the primer liquid adheres only slightly to the material such that the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polyester-cellulose nonwoven can be cycled further with no problem.
In a preferred embodiment of the automated primer application system, the application head includes a connector for the primer liquid, which is fed via a supply line from a primer reservoir, as well as a sealing pin, which seals the nozzle opening as soon as the primer application system goes into a parking position.
In the context of the method according to the invention, in the application system PA according to the invention, the dosing of the liquid, in particular of the primer, is done via a flexible tube system, via which the liquid is replenished under pressure control from a reservoir. The exact quantity dosing is done via the reservoir, which is subjected to a slight overpressure. The overpressure can be regulated precisely by a valve. This method enables very precise controllable dosing of the liquid, in particular of the primer, by means of which the material consumption is further reduced and the application efficiency is increased. In the parking position of the application system PA according to the invention, the overpressure in the reservoir is reduced. This prevents liquid from continuing to flow to the application head and dripping. If necessary, the capability of producing a vacuum in the reservoir also exists.
The feeding of the liquid, in particular of the primer, can also be done by gravity in the context of the method according to the invention.
Thus, no movable parts, on which the primer can settle and dry, are necessary for the feeding of the liquid, in particular of the primer, constituting another special advantage of the applicator according to the invention.
In a preferred embodiment of the automated primer application system, a mechanism is arranged on the back of the carrier plate, which mechanism specifies the pace of the feed for the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven and which includes the following components functionally associated with one another: a timing lever, a lever mounting, a first spring, which exerts a variable force on the timing lever, a ratchet wheel associated with the second take-up reel, a locking lever, which is coupled via a second spring with a pawl, as well as a protective cover for the mechanism. This structure ensures a controlled and particularly efficient forward movement of the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven. The back of the carrier plate is opposite the side on which the take-up reel and output reel are mounted.
The cycle of the method according to the invention for the controlled application of primer liquids on surfaces of attachment parts for means of transportation with the help of the automated primer application systems according to the invention can be described as follows: First, an attachment part is provided. The application head with the soaked high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is placed on the surface of the part. Primer liquid is fed to the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven through the nozzle opening in the application head. The surface of the part or the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is moved along the contour to be provided with the primer liquid. In a last step, the contact between application head with the soaked high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven and the surface of the part is released, in other words, the attachment part is removed. With this method, attachment parts for means of transportation can be provided with a primer, in an automated manner, without unattractive primer pools being formed.
The application system according to the invention is preferably moved and controlled according to the contours of the application by a robot. During the application, the liquid or the primer is continuously fed as described above via the application head.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the applicator according to the invention is brought, after the releasing of contact between the application head and the surface of the part, into a waiting position, or in the case of longer stoppage, into a parking position. In the waiting position, the PA stays put until the feed-in of the next part. In the parking position, the nozzle opening for the liquid, in particular the primer, is sealed with a sealing pin. The soaked high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven is cycled one position farther such that clean polymer-cellulose nonwoven is arranged in front of the nozzle opening. This is preferably done with the help of a mechanism that has a lever and a ratchet wheel. The lever itself is actuated by the robot. The sealing of the nozzle opening preferably happens in a simple manner in that the application system according to the invention is lowered onto a sealing pin, whose upper free end is shaped such that it seals the nozzle opening precisely. In another embodiment, the sealing pin can be mounted on a spring such that any existing tolerances of the robot can be compensated.
The sealing pin can pierce the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven, in particular the polyester-cellulose nonwoven, without the nonwoven tearing.
At the time of restarting, the applicator according to the invention is detached again from the sealing pin, the nozzle opening is released, and the applicator is moved into an application position. In the application position, the application head is again situated above a surface of the part, onto which a liquid is to be applied.
According to the invention, when restarting, it is further advantageous for a forward movement of the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven or suction webs to occur and for a test application to be carried out on a test strip. The test application can be measured densiometrically or by a scanner. It is thus ensured that the subsequent application of liquid, in particular of primer, will proceed successfully.
Preferably, the surfaces of the parts are glass, ceramic, or plastic surfaces.
The invention further includes the use of a high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven for applying primer liquids during the production of an attachment part for means of transportation. Preferably, the polymer is a polyester, particularly preferably a polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Preferably, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwovens are used during the production of motor vehicles, in particular during the production of vehicle window panes, vehicle roofs, spoiler elements, roof panels, or trim strips.
In particular, the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwovens are used for preparing direct gluing of the vehicle window panes to vehicle bodies.
Of course, the features mentioned above and those explained in detail in the following can be used not only in the combinations and configurations indicated, but also in other combinations and configurations or alone without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The invention is now explained in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments, referring to the accompanying
The application head 8 is guided with a computer-controlled robot (not shown) over the surface, in particular over the glass, ceramic, or plastic surface of a main body of a pane (not shown), by which means the primer 26 is deposited in the desired configuration.
Visible is the application head 08 with the nozzle opening 20 and with the connector 9 for the primer 26. The entire arrangement except for the application head 8 is protected by a protective cover 13 made of plastic or metal.
The pace is specified with the help of a computer-controlled robot.
At the time of restarting, the applicator according to the invention is again detached from the sealing pin, the nozzle opening is released again, and the applicator is moved into an application position.
According to the invention, it is advantageous, when restarting, first, for a forward movement of the high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven 19 or suction webs 19 to occur and for a test application to be carried out on a test strip. The test application can be measured densiometrically or by a scanner. It is thus ensured that the subsequent application of liquid, in particular primer, will proceed successfully.
PA primer application system
01 carrier plate
02 output reel for the clean web of high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven
03 take-up reel for the used web of high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven
04 timing lever
05 pawl
06 ratchet wheel
07 locking lever
08 application head
09 connector for primer liquid
10 first bushing
11 first bushing
12 second bushing
13 protective covering
14 first spring
15 second spring
16 bolt
17 third bushing
18 lever mounting
19 high-pressure waterjet-consolidated polymer-cellulose nonwoven or suction web
20 nozzle opening
21 guide roller
22 machine component on which the sealing pin 23 is mounted
23 sealing pin
24 applicator in the parking position
25 supply line for the primer liquid 26
26 primer liquid or primer
27 primer reservoir
28 compressed air control
29 compressed air supply
30 mount for the primer reservoir 27
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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15188780.9 | Oct 2015 | EP | regional |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2016/073356 | 9/29/2016 | WO | 00 |