Automatic Speed Reducing Ratio-Switching Apparatus

Abstract

An automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus comprising an input side carrier, an output side carrier, and an intermediate carrier includes first and second planetary gear mechanisms juxtaposed in the axial direction of an input shaft, first and second inner clutch members which are rotatable in one direction while locking rotation in the other direction of the input shaft, and have mutually different locking directions, first and second outer clutch members which are rotatable in one direction while locking rotation in the other direction of the input side or output side ring gear, and have mutually different locking directions, and a viscous resistance member functioning under a static frictional force to integrally rotate the input side or output side sun gear, the input side or output side planet gears, and the input side or output side ring gears respectively in an identical direction.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view illustrating an automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial magnified perspective view illustrating a state in which a first planetary gear mechanism and a second planetary gear mechanism are juxtaposed to make up the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken in the axial direction illustrating the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partial magnified longitudinal sectional view illustrating features shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken along line V-V shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a free state of first and second outer clutch members, which are provided at outer circumferences of input side and output side ring gears;

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a locked state in which roller bearings making up the first and second outer clutch members engage with grooves;

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a free state of first and second inner clutch members, which are interposed between an input shaft and respective input side and output side sun gears;

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a locked state in which needle bearings making up the first and second inner clutch members engage with grooves;

FIG. 10 is, with partial omission, a side view in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor for driving wheels;

FIG. 11 is a view showing motor characteristics, which illustrate the relationship between the number of revolutions and torque;

FIG. 12 is a view showing motor characteristics, which illustrate the relationship between the number of revolutions and torque;

FIG. 13A is a view showing complete viscous characteristics, in which the relationship between the number of revolutions and torque is linear, and FIG. 13B shows static friction and viscous characteristics, in which the relationship between the number of revolutions and torque is changed;

FIG. 14 is a view showing resistance characteristics, illustrating the relationship between the number of revolutions and torque;

FIG. 15A is a vertical sectional view illustrating a detent mechanism, in which a ball is fastened by being pressed by a spring, and FIG. 15B shows a vertical sectional view illustrating a static friction mechanism, in which a friction member is fastened by being pressed by a spring;

FIG. 16 is a view showing characteristics illustrating changes in torque with respect to the number of revolutions, and depending on the presence or absence of a lockup mechanism or a centrifugal clutch mechanism;

FIG. 17 is a view showing a schematic arrangement in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a press machine;

FIG. 18 is a view showing a schematic arrangement in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor for driving an axial pump;

FIG. 19 is a view showing a schematic arrangement in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor for driving a ball screw mechanism;

FIG. 20 is a view showing a schematic arrangement in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor for driving a ball screw shaft;

FIG. 21 is a view showing a schematic arrangement in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor for driving an axial pump;

FIG. 22 is a view showing a schematic arrangement in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a geared motor for driving a conveyor;

FIG. 23 is a front view illustrating an electric drill;

FIG. 24 is a perspective view in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor for driving a drill member of an electric drill;

FIG. 25 is a perspective view in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor of a screw fastening machine;

FIG. 26 is a view showing characteristics illustrating torque change with respect to the number of revolutions of a geared motor;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a rotary actuator for rotating a workpiece;

FIG. 28 is a perspective view in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor for driving an electric wheelchair;

FIG. 29 is a side view illustrating a state in which the electric wheelchair shown in FIG. 28 rises over a step;

FIG. 30 is a side view in which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a clamp apparatus;

FIG. 31 is a front view illustrating a slide door disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 32 is a perspective view illustrating an electric chair disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 33 is a vertical sectional view illustrating an electromechanical actuator disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 34 is a vertical sectional view illustrating an electric fastener disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 35 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a clamp apparatus disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 36 is a vertical sectional view illustrating an automatic torque-switching apparatus disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 37 is a vertical sectional view illustrating an electromechanical wheel brake apparatus disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 38 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a torque-converting apparatus disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied;

FIG. 39 is a perspective view illustrating an electric wheelchair disclosed in a conventional technique, and to which the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied; and

FIGS. 40A to 40D are views showing schematic arrangements illustrating combination patterns of the automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention and the planet gear mechanism respectively.

Claims

1. An automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus arranged between a rotary driving source and a driven apparatus, for automatically switching a speed reducing ratio of a member, which is operated on the basis of a rotary driving force of said rotary driving source, said automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus comprising: a first planetary gear mechanism and a second planetary gear mechanism including an input shaft connected to said rotary driving source, an output shaft connected to said driven apparatus, an input side sun gear and an output side sun gear, input side planet gears and output side planet gears, an input side ring gear and an output side ring gear, which are meshed with said input side planet gears and said output side planet gears respectively, and an input side carrier, an output side carrier and an intermediate carrier, which rotatably support said input side planet gears and said output side planet gears and which are rotated integrally in accordance with revolution of said input side planet gears and said output side planet gears, said first planetary gear mechanism and said second planetary gear mechanism being juxtaposed in an axial direction of said input shaft;a first inner clutch member and a second inner clutch member, each of which enables rotation in one direction while locking rotation in the other direction of said input shaft, and which have mutually different locking directions;a first outer clutch member and a second outer clutch member, each of which enables rotation in one direction while locking rotation in the other direction of said input side ring gear or said output side ring gear, and which have mutually different locking directions; anda viscous resistance member, which functions based on action of a static frictional force, so that said input side sun gear, said input side planet gears, and said input side ring gear are integrally rotated respectively in an identical direction, or so that said output side sun gear, said output side planet gears, and said output side ring gear are integrally rotated respectively in an identical direction.

2. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said intermediate carrier is disposed between said input side carrier and said output side carrier, and said input side carrier, said output side carrier, and said intermediate carrier are rotatable in an integrated manner by pins which rotatably support said planet gears.

3. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said first planetary gear mechanism and said second planetary gear mechanism are juxtaposed in said axial direction inside of a tightly sealed chamber of a housing, which is constructed by two divided parts.

4. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said housing comprises a pair of expanded sections, which have circular arc-shaped cross sections and which protrude in a diametrical direction from an outer circumferential surface thereof, and wherein attachment holes, which penetrate in said axial direction, are formed through said expanded sections.

5. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first seal member, which is composed of a ring member having an X-shaped cross section surrounding an outer circumferential surface of said input shaft, is disposed in a central hole of said input side carrier.

6. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a second seal member, which is composed of a ring member having an X-shaped cross section in contact with an inner circumferential surface of said input side ring gear thereby providing a sealing function, is disposed on an outer circumferential portion of said input side carrier.

7. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said output side carrier comprises a disk section, said output shaft being formed integrally at a central portion of said disk section.

8. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a third seal member, which is composed of a ring member having an X-shaped cross section in contact with an inner circumferential surface of said output side ring gear thereby providing a sealing function, is disposed on an outer circumferential portion of said disk section.

9. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said intermediate carrier is interposed between said input side carrier and said output side carrier, and said input side carrier, said output side carrier, and said intermediate carrier extend substantially in parallel to one another.

10. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a fourth seal member, which is composed of a ring member in contact with inner walls of said input side ring gear and said output side ring gear respectively, thereby providing a sealing function, is disposed on an outer circumferential portion of said intermediate carrier.

11. The automatic speed reducing ratio-switching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said input side planet gears are disposed on one side surface of said intermediate carrier, said output side planet gears are disposed on the other side surface of said intermediate carrier on a side opposite to said one side surface, and phases are deviated by 45 degrees, respectively, in a circumferential direction between said input side planet gears and said output side planet gears.