Patent Application
20060234526
The invention relates to an automation system according to the precharacterizing clause of claim 1. By way of example, the invention may be used in manufacturing installations with sensors and/or actuators which do not use wires for power supply and communication purposes.
Proximity switches/proximity sensors, temperature measurement sensors, pressure measurement sensors, current measurement sensors or voltage measurement sensors, and/or micromechanical, piezoelectric, electrochemical, magnetostrictive, electrostatic or electromagnetic actuators may be used as sensors and actuators, respectively.
Apart being used for industrial robots, automatic production machines and automatic manufacturing machines, the invention can also be used for open-loop/closed-loop control systems, remote control systems, protection, safety and security systems (for example in the case of open-air or indoor switchgear assemblies), alarm systems, status monitoring systems, in robot engineering, or in an entirely general form for machines/machine systems.
WO 98/017797 and EP 0 910 819 B1 disclose a process automation system in which terminals in a control and monitoring level and- automation devices in an automation level linked to a process communicate with a host computer via transmission/reception devices and a data transmission medium (radio link, telecommunications network). This host computer may be in the form of a supercomputer in a computer centre, and may control further process automation systems.
WO 99/66473 discloses an automation system having a control apparatus for controlling a processing apparatus, in particular a manufacturing apparatus, with at least one sensor being provided for transmission of sensor data from the processing apparatus to the control apparatus. In order to reduce the sensor installation complexity, it is proposed that the sensors have a radio transmission apparatus and a radio receiving apparatus, which are intended for wire-free transmission of the sensor data to the receiving apparatus, which is connected to the control apparatus.
DE 103 47 584 A1 proposes a system having a large number of sensors and/or actuators, which are fed without the use of wires, as nodes, and a base station, which is installed in a machine or installation, such as an industrial robot, an automatic production machine or automatic manufacturing machine, with communication taking place by radio, without the use of wires, between the sensors and/or actuators on the one hand and the base station that is connected to the automation appliance on the other hand. The base station is connected via electrical lines to the automation appliance in such a way that a separate line is associated with each wire-free sensor and/or actuator. In this case, the signals can be transmitted via the electrical lines in the form of standardized DC signals. The base station may be in the form of a base station plug-in card with a standardized plug connector, which can be plugged onto an I/O card in the automation appliance.
DE 10032 868 A1 proposes a system, in particular an automation system, using a control system and a plurality of actuators and sensors, in which wire-free communication takes place, in order to transmit sensor data, between a base station which is connected to the control system and has a radio receiver, and the sensor which has radio transmitters, and in which the base station is combined with at least one actuator to form an actuator/base station. The actuator/base station may have a processing unit with an integrated input/output unit.
The invention is based on the object of specifying an automation system of the type mentioned initially, which can be configured in a simple manner.
According to the invention, this object is achieved, in conjunction with the features of the precharacterizing clause, by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.
The advantages which can be achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the proposed automation system can be configured both for a relatively small number and for a relatively large number of sensors and/or actuators. Subsequent extensions to the automation system with additional sensors and/or actuators and/or additional cells are possible without any problems, and the same also applies, of course, to reductions to the automation system by the removal of originally provided and operated sensors and/or actuators and/or cells. There is no need for any additional components for the connection between the automation system and the base station, such as couplers or fieldbus connectors.
Further advantages will become evident from the following description.
Advantageous refinements of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.
The invention will be explained in the following text with reference to the exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawing, in which:
Two antennas (transmitting antenna, receiving antenna) may, of course, also be used instead of one antenna 17. As an alternative to separate input modules and separate output modules, it is also possible to use (analogue or digital) I/O modules (input/output) . The embodiment with a wire-free I/O appliance 41 is particularly advantageous when actuators 42 which draw their energy via the I/O appliance are connected to the I/O appliance 41.
In addition to the input modules 3, 4, 8, 9 and output modules 5, 6, 10, 11 mentioned above as well as the base station module 7, the automation system 1 has a higher-level central control module (programmable logic controller PLC) 2. All of the modules 2-11 may, for example, be mechanically mounted on a top-hat profile rail 12, and arranged in a row. The communication between the modules 2-11 takes place via an internal bus system 13, with the electrical connection between each module and this internal bus system 13 being made, for example, automatically by means of plug-in contacts when latching the respective module onto the top-hat profile rail 12. Alternatively, the said electrical connection can also be made, for example, by latching of the modules. An SPI (serial peripheral interface) interface may be used as the internal bus system.
As already indicated by the further modules represented by dashed lines in
In general, with regard to the system: the wire-free communication by radio between the sensors and/or actuators 15 (as well as wire-free I/O appliances 41) on the one hand and the automation system 1 on the other hand takes place using the base station module 7. The expression communication means, in particular, sensor signals (data) being passed on from the wire-free sensors (as well as wire-free I/O appliances 41) to the automation system 1, and instructions being emitted from the automation system 1 to the wire-free actuators (as well as wire-free I/O appliances 41). Generally known radio methods, such as CDMA or TDMA, may be used in order to separate the individual radio links from one another and in order to prevent disturbing interference between the individual communication paths.
The base station module 7 preferably has a radio transmitter and/or a radio receiver or, alternatively, a combined transmitting/receiving device, which emits and receives radio signals, with at least one antenna 17 being provided, of course. The wire-free communication between the base station module 7 and the individual wire-free sensors and/or wire-free actuators 15 preferably takes place via 2-way radio links. Each wire-free sensor and actuator (as well as each wire-free I/O appliance 41) is for this purpose equipped with a radio transmitter and/or a radio receiver, or combined transmitting/receiving device, which emits and receives radio signals. By way of example, the wire-free sensors emit sensor signals, that is to say radio signals, relating to the instantaneous state/switching state, and receive parameter sets by radio, such as predetermined sensor switching thresholds or switching hystereses, and/or predetermined correction factors for various materials to be identified, in the case of proximity sensors.
The wire-free actuators (as well as wire-free I/O appliances 41) receive parameter sets and/or control instructions for control purposes, for carrying out specific operations, and emit feedback signals, for example radio signals relating to instantaneous actuator information such as the feedback message “desired operation carried out successfully/unsuccessfully” or, in general, the feedback message relating to the instantaneous actuator position, to the control system. The radio signals to all of the wire-free sensors and/or actuators 15 (as well as wire-free I/O appliances 41) and from all of the wire-free sensors and/or actuators (as well as wire-free I/O appliances 41) are emitted and received by the base station module 7 as the central transmitting/receiving device in the automation system.
In a simpler embodiment, which is suitable only for wire-free 1-way communication with sensors, the base station module 7 has only one radio receiver, while each wire-free sensor is provided with only one radio transmitter. In this embodiment, it is possible for the detected sensor data to be transmitted as wire-free sensor signals to the base station module 7.
In a simpler embodiment, which is suitable only for wire-free 1-way communication with actuators, the base station module 7 has only one radio transmitter, while each wire-free actuator (as well as each wire-free I/O appliance 41) is provided with only one radio receiver. In this embodiment, it is possible to transmit the necessary control instructions and parameter sets to the actuators without the use of wires.
The automation system 1 has digital input modules and/or analogue input modules and/or digital output modules and/or analogue output modules 27, 32 and 37, respectively, which are connected via lines to the digital sensors and/or analogue sensors and/or digital actuators and/or analogue actuators 30, 35 and 40, respectively, in the individual cells 26, 31 and 36, respectively. The modules 27, 28, 32, 33, 37, 38 are in turn mounted together with the central control module 2 alongside one another on the top-hat profile rail 12, and are connected to one another via the internal bus system 13.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102005017172.3 | Apr 2005 | DE | national |
