The present disclosure relates generally to axial fluid valves and, more specifically, to axial fluid valves having annular flow control members.
Fluid control valves (e.g., sliding stem valves, globe valves, rotary valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, etc.) are used in process control systems to control the flow of process fluids and typically include an actuator (e.g., rotary actuator, linear actuator, etc.) to automate operation of the valve. Some of these fluid control valves, although effective in many applications, involve tradeoffs. For example, butterfly valves may be used to control large flow volumes in an efficient manner, but are only capable of modest accuracy, and the seals therein are often limited in life cycle and temperature range. Globe valves, on the other hand, typically provide rigid trim and precise control, but often provide lower flow capacity for a given line size.
In-line or axial fluid control valves are an alternative to the above-mentioned fluid control valves. One benefit of axial valves is that they incorporate globe valve style trim and, thus, the advantages offered thereby. Specifically, in axial valves, this trim may be oriented relative to the fluid flow path to increase efficiency and reduce energy losses due to noise and turbulence. The output shaft of an actuator is commonly connected to a flow control member (e.g., a plug) within a valve body of an axial valve via a rack-on-rack, rack-and-pinion or similar gear assembly. The actuator moves the flow control member within the valve body relative to a seat ring between an open position and a closed position to allow or prevent the flow of fluid through the valve.
However, many known axial fluid valves still exhibit problems controlling fluid flow without substantial disturbances or energy loss due to turbulence. These known axial fluid valves often utilize actuators and transmissions within the fluid flow path which, as a result, create restrictions that increase turbulent flow through the axial fluid valve. Further, many of these axial fluid valves exhibit problems with actuation and sealing (e.g., gaskets, packing, seal rings). The actuators and transmissions within the fluid flow path require a large number of seals and gaskets to protect the internal gears and other actuation components from pressurized process fluid. For example, these known axial fluid valves having externally mounted actuators typically require use of a packing to seal against a valve stem that extends into the valve body. A packing can fail and result in leakage of process fluid. In other examples, some known axial valves use a complex gearbox to translate motion from an actuator to linear motion of a plug. Typically, the gearbox is in the fluid flow path and, thus, requires numerous seals to prevent process fluid from entering the gearbox. Operating axial fluid valves with such a large number of moving parts requiring numerous seals greatly increases the possibility of leakage of fluid outside the valve body and increases manufacturing and maintenance costs.
An example apparatus includes an axial flow valve body defining a passageway between an inlet and an outlet. The example apparatus includes a sleeve slidably received by an inner surface of the valve body and movable along an axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the passageway. The example apparatus includes a linkage or a gear operatively connected to the sleeve to move the sleeve to vary a flow of fluid between the inlet and the outlet through the sleeve.
In another example, an apparatus includes an axial flow valve body defining a passageway between an inlet and an outlet. An annular flow control member is slidably received by an inner surface of the valve body and movable along an axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the passageway, wherein a flow of fluid is to pass through the flow control member.
In yet another example, an apparatus includes an axial flow valve body defining a passageway between an inlet and an outlet. A sleeve is slidably received by an inner surface of the valve body and movable along an axis substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the passageway. The example includes means for moving the sleeve axially within the passageway to vary a flow of fluid between the inlet and the outlet
Certain examples are shown in the above-identified figures and described in detail below. In describing these examples, like or identical reference numbers are used to identify the same or similar elements. The figures are not necessarily to scale and certain features and certain views of the figures may be shown exaggerated in scale or in schematic for clarity and/or conciseness. Additionally, several examples have been described throughout this specification. Any features from any example may be included with, a replacement for, or otherwise combined with other features from other examples.
The example axial fluid valves described herein reduce valve noise, provide an axially aligned fluid flow passageway to reduce turbulent flow and improve flow capacity, significantly eliminate in-flow actuating components, which require numerous seals and gaskets, and increase flow efficiency to enable the use of smaller pumps and piping. In general, the example axial fluid valves described herein use an annular flow control member (e.g., a sleeve) to vary a flow of fluid that passes through the annular flow control member and around a seal, which is disposed (e.g., centrally) within a passageway of an axial valve body.
More specifically, in an example axial fluid valve described herein, a sleeve is slidably received by an inner surface of a valve body and moves (e.g., translates) along a fluid flow passageway. The sleeve may have a central axis that is coaxially aligned with a central axis of the passageway. The sleeve may be operatively coupled to an actuator (e.g., a linear actuator, a rotary actuator, etc.) to move the sleeve to control a flow of fluid between an inlet and an outlet of the axial fluid valve. The axial fluid valve may also include a seal centrally disposed within the passageway of the valve body and coupled to an inner surface of the valve body via a plurality of webs (e.g., support members). In operation, fluid flows into the sleeve at a first end, out of the sleeve at a second end and around the seal toward the outlet of axial fluid valve. The sleeve is to move, via the actuator, toward the seal so the second end of the sleeve engages the seal to prevent the flow of fluid through the sleeve and, thus, through the axial fluid valve. This axial fluid flow path greatly increases flow efficiency by reducing restrictions and, therefore, turbulent flow through the passageway of the valve.
An example axial fluid valve described herein includes a linear actuator having a stem positioned substantially perpendicular to the flow of fluid through the axial fluid valve. The linear actuator stem is operatively coupled (e.g., connected) to the sleeve via a link (e.g., a linkage). The link is disposed within a cavity of the valve body and is coupled to an outer surface of the sleeve. In operation, the link converts linear motion of the actuator to linear motion of the sleeve within the passageway of the valve body. The example axial fluid valve enables the sleeve to slide axially within the valve body and reduces the number of components within the fluid flow path of the axial fluid valve.
In another example axial fluid valve, the sleeve includes a plurality of teeth on an outer surface of the sleeve. A rotary actuator having a pinion (e.g., a gear) engages the teeth to move the sleeve axially within the valve body to control the flow of fluid through the sleeve and, thus, the passageway of the axial fluid valve.
In the example axial fluid valves described herein, the fluid flow path is substantially linear, which allows the fluid to travel through the valve with less energy loss and noise than many known valves. Furthermore, the examples described herein enable a relatively large portion of the moving components of an axial fluid valve to be disposed outside the fluid flow path or stream, thereby significantly reducing the number of seals and gaskets required. The sleeve and actuators or actuating means described herein significantly reduce the number of moving parts required to operate an axial fluid valve. Therefore, the sleeve and actuating means greatly simplify the manufacturing and machining requirements and, thus, decrease the cost of manufacturing an axial fluid valve.
The first valve body portion 102 includes a first flange 120 at the inlet 116 and a second flange 122 removably coupled to a third flange 124 of the second valve body portion 104. The second flange 122 of the first valve body portion 102 and the third flange 124 of the second valve body portion 104 may be removably coupled with any suitable fastening mechanism(s). The second valve body portion 104 also includes a fourth flange 126 at the outlet 118. In operation, the first flange 120 of the first valve body portion 102 may be coupled to an upstream pipe 128 and the fourth flange 126 of the second valve body portion 104 may be coupled to a downstream pipe 130.
In the example shown in
In the example axial fluid control valve 100 shown in
As shown in
In the example axial fluid valve 100 shown in
To move the sleeve 106 within the passageway 114 of the valve body 102, 104, the linear actuator 108 moves the actuator stem 152 into the cavity 162. In this case, the actuator stem 152 causes the link 110 to translate and rotate counter-clockwise (in the orientation shown) to move the sleeve 106 along the axis 144 toward the seal 112. The axial fluid control valve 100 further comprises boundary seals 170, which are disposed within a first annular groove 172 in the first valve body portion 102 and a second annular groove 174 within the second valve body portion 104, respectively. The boundary seals 170 provide a tight seal between the outer surface 134 of the sleeve 106 and the inner surfaces 140 and 142 of the valve body portions 102 and 104. More specifically, the boundary seals 170 provide a pressure-tight seal to prevent leakage of process fluid into the cavity 162.
As shown in
In operation, fluid is supplied to the inlet 116 by the upstream supply 128 and flows into the sleeve 106 through the first end 136. In the open position, as shown in the example of FIG. 1A, the fluid may flow out the second end 138 of the sleeve 106 and around the seal 112 toward the outlet 118 to the downstream supply 130. In the closed position, as shown in the example of
In the example shown in
In the example axial fluid valve 200 shown in
In the example axial fluid control valve 300 shown in
In the example shown, the outer surface 322 of sleeve 306 further includes a first toothed portion 332 and a second toothed portion 334. The first pinion 308 and the second pinion 310, which are coupled to a rotary actuator 336 (shown in
The seal 312 is centrally disposed within the passageway 314 and axially aligned with the axis 330 of the axial fluid control valve 300. The seal 312 includes a conical surface 342 and a sealing surface 344. The sealing surface 344 is adapted to receive the second end 326 of the sleeve 306. The second end 326 of the sleeve 306 further includes a plurality of apertures 346 (e.g., openings, holes, windows, slots) to further allow fine control of the flow of fluid through the axial fluid valve 300. As shown in
With reference to
The example axial fluid control valves 100 and 300 described herein advantageously decrease turbulent flow and noise, significantly reduce the number of in-flow actuating components, and increase flow efficiency by providing a substantially linear passageway between an inlet and outlet with a minimally restrictive flow path. The example axial fluid control valves 100 and 300 also reduce unwanted leakage because the actuation components are disposed outside the pressure boundary of the fluid stream.
Although certain example apparatus have been described herein, the scope of coverage of this patent is not limited thereto. On the contrary, this patent covers all methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture fairly falling within the scope of the appended claims either literally or under the doctrine of equivalents.
This patent arises from a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/595,140, titled “AXIAL FLUID VALVES WITH ANNULAR FLOW CONTROL MEMBERS,” filed Aug. 27, 2012, which is hereby incorporated by this reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 13595140 | Aug 2012 | US |
Child | 14959631 | US |