Patent Application
20210284048
The present disclosure relates to baby carriers.
Back pain is a significant cause of morbidity in the United States and worldwide. In a 2010 study of the global burden of disease, low back pain was found to cause more global disability than any of the other 290 conditions studied (Hoy, D, et al. “The Global Burden of Low Back Pain: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study,” Ann Rheum. Dis., March 2014). Back pain is highly prevalent during and after pregnancy, as 49% of women experience back pain at some point during pregnancy (Ostgaard, H. C., et al. “Prevalence of Back Pain in Pregnancy,” Spine, May 1991, 549-52) and approximately 40% of women experience postpartum back pain (Ostgaard. H. C., et al. “Postpartum Low-Back Pain,” Spine, January 1992, 53-5).
This high prevalence of back pain during and after pregnancy may be better understood in view of physiological changes occurring in a woman's body during pregnancy. As the body grows to adjust for the growth of the fetus, abdominal muscles stretch. This often causes a split, or diastasis, in the rectus abdominus. These abdominal muscles are critical to stabilization of the spine. In addition, the ligaments of the lumbar spine and pelvis loosen to allow for safe passage of the baby through the birth canal during birth. This reduces intrinsic spinal stability. Further, the S-shaped curve of the back increases, which puts additional pressure on the lumbar spine. Moreover, the pelvic floor muscles become stretched and often weakened. These muscles function as a crucial floor for the body's core musculature, and this muscular weakening results in a cascade effect that impacts the strength and stability of the spine. Finally, women are now becoming pregnant at older ages and there is a national increase in the rate of pregnancies of multiples (twins, triplets, etc.). As such, the baseline risk for back pain during and after pregnancy is increasing. These factors place women at increased risk for chronic back pain if their problems are not addressed early (see Fitzgerald, C. et at “The Association Between Pelvic Girdle Pain and Pelvic Floor Muscle. Function in Pregnancy,” Int. Urogynecol. J., July 2012, 893-8; Ritchie, J. “Orthopedic Considerations During Pregnancy,” Clinical ObGYN, June 2003, 456-66) On account of these risk factors, women should be encouraged to minimize activities that increase the risk of back injury during the postpartum period.
While certainly convenient, the use of multi-functional infant car seats that may be removed from a vehicle and function as a baby carrier significantly increases the risk of postpartum back injuries in women. An average infant car seat weighs approximately 15 lbs. and is over 2 feet in length and 18 inches wide. When using a multi-functional infant car seat, caregivers are tasked with transferring the infant car scat in and out of the car while the infant remains in the car seat.
An evaluation of the physics of lining, demonstrates the significance of these weights and the potential for injury caused thereby. The farther an object is from the center of gravity of a person lifting the object, the more effort is required to lift the object the moment that a force produces is a multiple of the distance of the object from the center of gravity of the object and the weight of the object. The weight of the infant car seat added to the weight of the infant results in increased pressure through the discs of the spine when this weight is carried further away from the body. Also, a person generally carries an infant car seat in front of or slightly to the side of the body, resulting in increased forces on the intervertebral discs in the anterior compartment of the lumbar spine, and thereby increasing the risk of disc herniation or injury. The spine and abdominal muscles are required to use very high forces to counterbalance the forward forces caused by the weight of an object. These muscles are already weak and stretched as the postpartum period, and thus the risk of injury is, increased, Further, the weight of an infant car seat carried on one arm causes increased risk of injury to the carrying arm of a parent. This is in addition to the increased risk of carpal tunnel syndrome and other upper arm maladies from carrying infants without car seats.
Current trends in infant car seat manufacturing are focused on producing car seats with not only increased safety and stability on impact, but also increased versatility and ease of transport. These two considerations are often at odds with one another. Moreover, the very fact that infant car seats are easily removable from vehicles itself increases the risk of danger to infants in a collision. In addition, removability of infant car seats leads to an increased risk of improper installation or improper use. A 2009 study by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration indicated that 73% of car seats were installed improperly, and nearly 84% of infant car seats were installed improperly (see “Misuse of Child Restraints,” www.nhtsa.gov/About+NHTSA/Traffic+Techs/current/Misuse+Of+Child+Restraints).
Baby carriers are used to carry infants and toddlers on a person's body in situations where hands-free carrying is desirable or required. However, extended use of baby carriers is also well-known to cause back pain (see, e.g., “Babywearing: How to Prevent Baby Carrier Back Pain, ” www.thetot.com/baby/7-tips-to-prevent-back-pain-from-baby-wearing/).
U.S. Pat. No. 8,464,919 to Goozdich discloses an infant carrier system that includes an adjustable belt for attaching an infant carrier. U.S. Pat. No. 9,480,344 to Vialpando, et al. discloses a bimodal infant carrier that fits into a car seat. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0313812 to Reeves, et at discloses an infant carrier that may be used in a car seat.
There remains a need for a baby carrier that reduces the risk of injury in pregnant and postpartum women while also providing both safety and convenience far the baby to be carried therein.
A baby carrier system is disclosed herein. The baby carrier system includes a baby carrier and a waist strap. The baby carrier includes a main body, a baby securing system, and shoulder straps. The baby carrier may be a front-attaching baby carrier, a backpack-style baby carrier, a dual mode front-attach ng or backpack-style baby carrier, or a handbag-style baby carrier.
In some preferred embodiments, the waist strap may be detachable. In alternate embodiments, the waist strap may be permanently attached to the baby carrier. The waist strap may preferably be adjustable. In some preferred embodiments, the baby carrier system may include a waist strap and a multi-functional baby carrier that is also configured for use as a car seat insert.
In such embodiments, the main body of the multi-functional baby carrier includes fastener slits that allow for a car seat harness, such as a five-point harness, to secure a baby when the fastener slits are unfastened. The multi-functional baby carrier functions as a baby carrier that is suitable for wearing on the body of a person, such as a caregiver, when the baby carrier is removed from the car seat. When a baby is removed from the car seat in the baby carrier, the baby's arms slide out of the unfastened car seat harness, which may preferably remain in the car seat, and the baby is safely lifted, in the baby carrier while remaining secured therein as the baby carrier is lifted out of the carseat. The fastener slits may then be zippered or otherwise fastened so that the multi-functional baby carrier may be adjusted according to the preferences of the caregiver or the baby. In some preferred embodiments, the waist strap may preferably be a separate component of the baby carrier system that is detachable and adjustable, so that that the multi-functional baby carrier may be reversibly attached to the waist strap and the waist strap may also be adjusted.
A baby carrier system is disclosed herein. The baby carrier system includes a baby carrier and a waist strap. The baby carrier includes a main body, a baby securing system, and shoulder straps. The baby carrier may be a front-attaching baby carrier, a backpack-style baby carrier, a dual mode front-attaching or backpack-style baby carrier, or a handbag-style baby carrier.
In some preferred embodiments, the waist strap may be detachable. In alternate embodiments, the waist strap may be permanently attached to the baby carrier. The waist strap may preferably be adjustable. ln some preferred embodiments, the baby carrier system may include a waist strap and a multi-functional baby carrier that is also configured for use as a car seat insert.
In such embodiments, the main body of the multi-functional baby carrier includes fastener slits that allow for a car seat harness, such as a five-point harness, to secure a baby when the fastener slits are unfastened. The multi-functional baby carrier functions as a baby carrier that is suitable for wearing on the body of a person, such as a caregiver, when the baby carrier is removed from the car seat. When a baby is removed from the car seat in the baby carrier, the baby's arms slide out of the unfastened car seat harness, which may preferably remain in the car scat, and the baby is safely lifted in the baby carrier while remaining secured therein as the baby carrier is lifted out of the car seat. The fastener slits may then be zippered or otherwise fastened so that the multi-functional baby carrier may be adjusted according to the preferences of the caregiver or the baby. When the fastener slits are fastened, the baby will be held close to the caregiver. This provides additional support to the baby, and may be particularly suitable for a younger baby who benefits from the additional support and security provided thereby. When the fastener slits are unfastened, maneuverability within the baby carrier is increased. This may be particularly suitable for an older baby. In some preferred embodiments, the waist strap may preferably be a separate component of the baby carrier system that is detachable and adjustable. so that that the multi-functional baby carrier may be reversibly attached to the waist strap and the waist strap may also be adjusted.
In some preferred embodiments, the fastener slits may be fastened and unfastened with a slit fastener system. The fastener slits may preferably be positioned at the inter-shoulder distance of the five-point harness of a car seat and thereby may allow for a car seat harness comprising a harness fastener to secure a baby into a car seat when the slits are unfastened. After the harness fastener is unfastened, the baby carrier may be removed from the car seat. When the baby carrier is removed from the car seat, the baby's arms may preferably slide out of the unfastened car seat harness and the harness may preferably remain in the car seat. The baby may thereby be safely lifted in the baby carrier.
In some embodiments, the slit fastener system may comprise a zipper. In other embodiments, the slit fastener system may comprise Velcro®. In other embodiments, the slit fastener system may comprise one or more buttons.
When the multi-functional baby carrier is used as a baby carrier, the fastener slits may optionally be closed to provide additional support, such as may be required for infants, or may be allowed to remain open to allow additional freedom of movement and proper positioning to provide optimal hip support for the baby, such as may be preferable for older babies.
The baby carrier includes a baby securing system. In some embodiments, the baby securing system is permanently secured to the main body of the baby carrier. In other embodiments, the baby securing system is reversibly secured to the main body of the baby carrier. In yet other embodiments, one or more components of the baby securing system are permanently secured to the main body of the baby carrier and one or more components of the baby securing system are reversibly secured to the main body of the baby carrier.
The baby securing system is configured to secure the torso of the baby between the baby securing system and the main body of the baby carrier. In some embodiments, the baby securing system may include one or more body straps to secure the torso of the baby, where the body straps may include body strap fasteners to fasten the body straps, and may also further include a T-strap to secure the waist and legs of the baby. In some preferred embodiments, the baby securing system may be composed of a T-strap without body straps, where the T-strap is configured to fully secure the baby in the baby carrier by securing the torso of the baby between the T-strap and the main body of the baby carrier.
The T-strap includes a T-strap fastening system. The T-strap fastening system may be composed of two T-strap fasteners, such as two Velcro straps. The, main body of the baby carrier may include a tunneling overlay, where the T-strap fasteners may be threaded through any one of multiple tunnels in the tunneling overlay to adjust the T-strap for the height of the baby's waist. The Velcro® straps may preferably be double-sided Velcro® straps so that the straps may be readily threaded through the appropriate tunnel of the tunneling overlay without snagging. The Velcro straps may preferably be soft and non-irritating to the baby.
In some alternative embodiments, the T-strap fasteners may be buckles that are used to fasten the T-strap.
The baby carrier also includes shoulder straps. The shoulder straps may preferably act as handles which may be held by a caregiver, such as a parent, when carrying the baby carrier. Each shoulder strap may include a padded upper shoulder strap that is the primary contact area with the caregivers person when the baby carrier is worn by the caregiver and a shoulder strap connector, which may be unpadded webbing such as nylon or other suitable webbing, that extends between the padded section and the lower end of the main body of the baby carrier. The shoulder strap connectors may optionally include permanent or removable pads that cover a portion of the webbing. Each shoulder strap connector may be connected to a shoulder strap adjuster or may alternatively be connected directly to the corresponding upper shoulder strap.
Each shoulder strap is preferably permanently secured to the main body of the baby carrier at a position that is at or proximal to the top of the main body. Each shoulder strap is also secured to the main body of the baby carrier, directly or indirectly, at a position that is at or proximal to the bottom of the main body. In embodiments where each shoulder strap is indirectly secured to the main body of the baby carrier at a position that is at or proximal to the bottom of the main body. the shoulder straps may be secured to a lower shoulder strap stabilizer that is secured to the main body. The shoulder straps may be permanently secured to the lower shoulder strap stabilizer, or may alternatively be reversibly secured to the lower shoulder strap stabilizer.
In some preferred embodiments, the shoulder straps may be indirectly secured to the lower end of the main body of the baby carrier in close proximity to each other. The lower shoulder strap stabilizer may further secure the shoulder straps to each other and to the lower end of the main body of the baby carrier. As a result, a baby secured in the baby carrier and positioned against a caregiver's body will automatically assume a position where the baby's hips are in a properly flexed and abducted posture. This may reduce the risk of hip dysplasia in the baby. In some preferred embodiments, the lower shoulder strap stabilizer may be Y-shaped and may be attached to the lower end of the main body of the baby carrier.
In some preferred embodiments, the Y-shaped lower shoulder strap stabilizer is formed from the shoulder strap connectors and optionally a Y-base link, where each shoulder strap is connected to the lower shoulder strap stabilizer through its shoulder strap connector.
In some embodiments, the shoulder strap connectors may be detachable from the shaped lower shoulder strap stabilizer. In such embodiments, the main body of the baby carrier may further include shoulder strap side attachments on each side of its lower end. After detachment from the Y-shaped lower shoulder strap stabilizer, the shoulder strap connectors may be reattached to the main body of the baby carrier via the shoulder strap side attachments. This provides alternative positioning of the shoulder straps to maximize support and comfort during longer duration use of the baby carrier.
In some preferred embodiments, the operational length of the shoulder straps may be adjusted using a shoulder strap adjuster. As used herein, the term “operational length” refers to the effective length of a component while in use, and not the actual overall length. Thus any extra length of a component that is not in use is not considered part of the operational length.
In some preferred embodiments, each, upper shoulder strap has a shoulder strap connector attachment that connects the upper shoulder strap to its corresponding shoulder strap connector. The shoulder strap connector attachment may be attached to a shoulder strap fastener or may be threaded through the shoulder strap adjuster. The shoulder strap connector attachment may be formed from unpadded webbing such as nylon or other suitable webbing.
In some embodiments, the operational length of a shoulder strap is adjusted by adjusting the operational length of its shoulder strap connector using the shoulder strap adjuster. In alternate embodiments, the operational length of a shoulder strap is adjusted by adjusting the operational length of the shoulder strap connector attachment rather than by adjusting the operational length of the shoulder strap connector.
In some embodiments, the upper shoulder straps may be detachable from the shoulder strap connectors. In such embodiments, each shoulder strap adjuster may include a shoulder strap fastener insert or a shoulder strap fastener receiver. The shoulder strap fastener insert and shoulder strap fastener receiver may be connected to form a reversibly securable shoulder strap fastener. The shoulder strap fastener may be the combination of a three-pronged dip and three-pronged clip receiver, or may be any other suitable fastener.
The shoulder strap adjuster may preferably be attached to the shoulder strap fastener insert, which may be a male three-pronged clip, as a one-piece molded component. Thus, the shoulder strap adjuster and the shoulder strap fastener insert may be one piece of the same two-piece shoulder strap fastener that includes: (1) a shoulder strap adjuster that is part of the shoulder strap fastener insert and (2) a shoulder strap fastener receiver. In such embodiments, in configurations where the shoulder strap adjusters are used to adjust the operational length of the shoulder strap connectors, the shoulder strap connectors are threaded through the corresponding shoulder strap adjusters and the shoulder strap fastener receivers are connected to the end of the shoulder strap connector attachments of the upper shoulder straps. Alternatively, in configurations where the shoulder strap adjusters are used to adjust the operational length of the upper shoulder straps, the shoulder strap connector attachments are threaded through the corresponding shoulder strap adjusters and the shoulder strap fastener receivers are connected to the end of the shoulder strap connectors.
In some embodiments, the upper shoulder straps may be secured to the handle of an infant car seat using upper shoulder strap car seat fasteners. In some such embodiments, the upper shoulder straps are detachable from the shoulder strap connectors, as described above. In such embodiments, the upper shoulder straps are detached from the shoulder strap connectors prior to securing the upper shoulder straps to the handle of the car seat. The upper shoulder strap car seat fasteners may preferably be Velcro fasteners. When a baby is seated in the baby carrier in its car seat insert mode that is secured in a car seat, the detached shoulder strap connectors may be tucked underneath the baby's legs so that they are not loose. Alternatively, the baby carrier may include one or two shoulder strap connector securing attachments to secure the shoulder strap connectors to the baby carrier.
The multi-functional baby carrier may be worn as a baby carrier by a caregiver, such as a parent, while a baby remains secured therein. Thus the caregiver does not have to remove the baby from the baby carrier when securing the baby carrier to his or her body after removing it from a car seat. The caregiver may thus reduce the disturbance caused to the baby, such as when the baby is sleeping or tired. The caregiver may in certain situations also not have to remove blankets or other accessories and may thus reduce exposure of the baby to adverse weather conditions when the baby is removed from a car seat in suboptimal weather. In addition, since the baby will already be securely fastened within the baby carrier, the caregiver will not need to secure the baby therein after it is removed from a car seat. This further reduces the disturbance caused to the baby.
In some preferred embodiments, the baby carrier may include exterior handles that may be held by a caregiver while the caregiver lifts a baby secured therein.
In some preferred embodiments, the waist strap may be adjustable. The waist strap is configured for use by a caregiver to secure the baby carrier to his or her body. The adjustable waist strap may preferably include a waist strap fastener system that includes a waist strap fastener and a waist strap fastener receiver. In some embodiments, the waist strap may also include a removable lumbar support for use therewith.
The waist strap may preferably be detachable. In embodiments where the baby carrier is a multi-functional baby carrier, this reduces bulk when the baby carrier is used in a car seat as a car seat insert, because the waist strap is not coupled to the baby carrier when it is inserted in a car seat. The detachability of the waist strap also facilitates use of the multi-functional baby carrier as an easy-to-use baby carrier.
In alternate embodiments, the detachable waist strap is configured to be reversibly coupled to a baby carrier that does not include features that allow use of the baby carrier as a car seat insert.
The detachable waist strap may be reversibly secured to the main body of the baby carrier using a waist strap securing system. The waist strap securing system may include a magnetic attachment system with a mechanical release, such as for example a FIDLOCK® magnetic fastener system. The magnetic attachment system may include a main body magnetic component and a waist strap magnetic component that may be securely coupled and subsequently decoupled only through the application of mechanical force to the mechanical release, While the main body magnetic component and the waist strap magnetic component are initially coupled by magnetic attraction between the components, coupling the components generates a mechanical attachment there. between. Because of this mechanical attachment, decoupling the main body magnetic component and the waist strap magnetic component requires mechanical force rather than reversal of a simple magnetic coupling. Thus, the likelihood of accidental detachment is minimized. The mechanical release may be a pull detachment release that requires the application of moderate force to cause the magnetic attachment system to detach the waist strap from the main body of the baby carrier. Thus, the main body of the baby carrier is extremely unlikely to be accidentally detached from the waist strap, which enhances safety,
The main body magnetic component may be supported by a horizontal bar attached to the main body of the baby carrier. The horizontal bar creates a wide base of support for a baby's hips and thighs when the baby is carried in the baby carrier. The horizontal bar positions the baby carrier to allow the main body of the baby carrier to support the baby's hips and thighs, thereby promoting NI-shaped relative positioning of the baby's hips and thighs, facilitating support of the baby in an anatomically optimal position and preventing long-term use of the baby carrier from causing medical conditions for the baby such as hip dysplasia. The horizontal bar may preferably be padded for cushioning.
The waist strap may preferably include padding for comfort.
In embodiments where the baby carrier is a multi-functional baby carrier, when a caregiver removes a baby from a car seat using the baby carrier, the caregiver will optimally hold onto both the baby and the shoulder strap connectors. In alternate embodiments where the detachable waist strap is configured to be reversibly coupled to a baby carrier that does not include features that allow use of the baby carrier as a car seat insert, the caregiver will secure the baby in the baby carrier prior to lifting the baby carrier. In such alternate embodiments, the caregiver will still optimally hold onto both the baby and the shoulder strap connectors.
When the caregiver holds onto both the baby and shoulder strap connectors while lifting the baby carrier, the main body magnetic component will be positioned in an upright position, which optimizes its positioning and the positioning of the shoulder straps as the main body of the baby carrier is brought near the waist strap to connect it thereto. Further, the attachment of the lower shoulder strap stabilizer to the lower end of the main body of the baby carrier is a failsafe that protects the baby from a fall if the magnetic attachment system fails or if the baby carrier is accidentally detached from the waist strap. If a caregiver were to carry the baby using only the shoulder straps, the baby would not fall from the baby carrier. The caregiver would then have sufficient time to reattach the main body magnetic component to the waist strap magnetic component without endangering the baby. While the waist strap is designed to enhance comfortable carrying, of the, baby and appropriate hip support, this backup safety mechanism creates additional safety in case of mechanical failure.
In some preferred embodiments, the baby carrier may include an adjustable back strap which may be used by a caregiver to secure the baby carrier to his or her body. In some embodiments, the adjustable back strap may include padding for comfort.
In some highly preferred embodiments, the baby carrier may include an adjustable waist strap awl an adjustable back strap which may be used by a caregiver to secure the baby cattier to his or her body,
In some embodiments, the upper shoulder strap car seat fasteners may also be fastened together to form an adjustable back strap.
The baby carrier may be composed of fabrics that are both thin and strong, such as performance or upholstery fabrics, to minimize bulk. This reduces the load on a caregiver who is carrying a baby in the baby carrier. In embodiments where the baby carrier is a multi-functional baby carrier, this also facilitates insertion of the baby carrier into a car seat without compromising safety.
In some embodiments, the baby carrier may further include baby head support stabilizers that stabilize a baby's head when the baby is lifted by an adult or other caregiver while secured in the baby carrier. The baby head support stabilizers may preferably be adjustable to accommodate babies of different sizes and ages. In some embodiments, the baby head support stabilizers may be adjusted using fasteners such as toggle cords and fastener locks such as slotted buttons.
The main body of the baby carrier may additionally comprise a substantially semi-rigid baby support member that may further support the head and torso of a baby and promote configurational integrity of the baby carrier when the baby is lifted by a caregiver therein. This may reduce the risk of hyperflexion air hyperextension of the baby's neck when the baby is lifted by a caregiver in the baby carrier.
In some embodiments, the baby carrier may further comprise an accessory connector loop and an accessory connector latch, whereby a detachable pouch accessory may be attached to the baby carrier using the accessory connector latch. In some embodiments, the detachable poach accessory may have pockets on one or both sides.
In some preferred embodiments, the baby carrier may also include a head support
In some embodiments, the baby carrier may also include a detachable cross strap to facilitate carrying.
In some embodiments, a detachable pouch accessory such as the embodiment 510 shown in
The multi-functional baby carrier disclosed herein is configures to readily be inserted into and removed from an infant car seat. In some embodiments, the multi-functional baby carrier may be directly secured into an infant car seat using the harness system of the infant car seat.
The disclosed multi-functional baby carrier addresses the aforementioned inherent ergonomic disadvantages of carrying an infant car seat. The disclosed multi-functional baby carrier is a single function, easy-to-use car seat insert and baby carrier intended to facilitate transfer of babies in and out of car seats and provide proper support for a caregiver carrying a baby. By trending away from the current industry focus on multi-functionality of car seats and shifting multi-functionality to the comparably very lightweight baby carrier, the disclosed multi-functional baby carrier allows manufacturers of infant car seats to focus on safety features and deemphasize overall product weight because of the separation of the car seat and baby carrier functions.
The weight of the disclosed multi-functional baby carrier is minimal compared to that of a car seat, allowing a caregiver to transfer a baby into and out of a car seat without. the additional significant weight and bulk of the infant car seat itself. Since the disclosed multi-functional baby carrier is soft and flexible, it conforms more easily to the body of the caregiver carrying the baby and allows the caregiver to transport the baby closer to the body and in a more natural position, mimicking traditional baby carriers. The softness and flexibility of the disclosed multi-purpose baby carrier also conforms more easily to the baby and accommodates the baby's growth. In addition, the multi-functional baby carrier increases the ease of baby transfer between the car scat and other baby products or desired locations such as strollers, cribs, or other products or locations.
The disclosed baby carrier may be configured for use in a front carry inward-facing mode, where a caregiver carries a baby who is facing toward the caregiver on the caregiver's front side. The disclosed baby carrier may also optionally be configured for use in a front carry outward-facing mode, where a caregiver carries a baby who is Pacing away from the caregiver on the caregiver's front side, or a backpack mode, where a caregiver carries a baby who is facing toward the caregiver on the caregiver's back side. In embodiments where the baby carrier is a multi-functional baby carrier, the fastener slits may be closed in the from carry outward-facing and backpack modes to enhance safety.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention disclosed herein. Although the various inventive aspects are disclosed in the context of certain illustrated embodiments, implementations, and examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses of the invention and obvious modifications and equivalents thereof ln addition, while a number of variations of various inventive aspects have been shown and described in detail, other modifications that are within their scope will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art based upon reviewing this disclosure. It should be also understood that the scope of this disclosure includes the various combinations or sub-combinations of the specific features and aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein, such that the various features, modes of implementation, and aspects of the disclosed subject matter may be combined with or substituted for one another. The generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Similarly, the disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intent that any claim set forth below requires more features than are expressly recited in that claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects may reside in a combination of fewer than all features of any single foregoing disclosed embodiment.
Each of the foregoing and various aspects, together with those set forth in the claims and summarized above or otherwise disclosed herein, including the figures, may be combined without limitation to form claims for a device, apparatus, system, method of manufacture, and/or method of use.
All references cited herein are hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/149,711, filed on Jan. 14, 2021, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/286,584, filed on Feb. 26, 2019, which is a continuation-in-part of PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2017/048784, filed on Aug. 26, 2017, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/379,936, filed on Aug. 26, 2016, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated in their entireties herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62379936 | Aug 2016 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17149711 | Jan 2021 | US |
| Child | 17334654 | US | |
| Parent | 16286584 | Feb 2019 | US |
| Child | 17149711 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/US2017/048784 | Aug 2017 | US |
| Child | 16286584 | US |
