The present invention relates to a rescue backboard. In a first instance, it relates to an inflatable device which attaches to a rescue backboard to assist in water and various rescue operations. In a second instance, it relates to a rescue backboard which itself may be fully deflated for transportation and storage as a rolled up or folded, very compact package, but which may be inflated rapidly to a flat, rigid rescue backboard.
Prior art rescue backboards provide a rigid platform for placing, securing, and transporting the person to be rescued (hereinafter referred to as the rescuee). It may be necessary to provide and/or establish an airway for the rescuee during the rescue process, and it is very difficult to provide this during a water rescue unless several rescuers are assisting. It takes at least two people to keep the rescuee and the backboard afloat by treading water, another person to tow the rescuee to the shore, and yet another person or two to provide the chest compressions and to make sure a clear airway is provided so that the rescuee does not take in more water during the rescue operation.
Some prior art rescue backboards provide buoyancy by attaching foam material to the backboard. This foam material may degrade in storage, is bulky to store, may attract animals, such as mice, that feed on the foam material, further degrading the buoyant properties of the foam material. The foam material also provides increased drag when swimming out to the rescuee and makes it extremely difficult to slide the rescue backboard under the rescuee, because the buoyant foam material fights against the immersion of the backboard under water to slide it in under the rescuee.
A conventional rigid rescue backboard takes up a lot of storage space. Also, in many instances, it can be cumbersome to transport a conventional rigid rescue backboard to the site where it is needed. Examples in which a conventional rigid rescue backboard presents a problem includes a situation in which multiple rescue backboards are needed at an accident site, such as a mining accident, a plane wreck in a remote wilderness area, a high-rise building evacuation in the event of an earthquake, or even a multi-car accident on the freeway. There is a need for a rescue backboard which is lightweight, which may be stored and transported in a compact configuration so that many rescue backboards may be carried quickly and easily, even through cramped and narrow spaces, and which is fully functional and rigid in its deployed configuration. It also is desirable to be able to convert the rescue backboard quickly and easily from its compact storage configuration to its rigid deployed configuration. There are inflatable rescue devices in the prior art, but they are made similar to an air mattress and are not as rigid as the prior art rescue backboards. They are not rigid enough to allow a rescuer to perform chest compressions on the rescuee while the rescuee is on the rescue device.
An embodiment described herein provides an inflatable attachment that is secured to at least a portion of the perimeter of a rescue backboard. The inflatable attachment may be inflated rapidly during the rescue, using a compressed liquified foam or another inflation fluid source, such as an air or CO2 canister, after the backboard has been placed under the rescuee. The amount of fluid admitted into the inflatable attachment (or removed from it) may be adjusted “on the fly” to compensate for the weight of the rescuee. The users also may inflate the attachment manually in the event that the inflation fluid canister is insufficient to complete the task.
A universal kit is provided, including the inflatable attachment and inflation fluid source with quick release valve. This universal kit is made so it can be attached readily to a wide range of existing rescue backboards to convert the backboard to a much more useful rescue device.
Another embodiment described herein provides a rescue backboard which itself is inflatable. This inflatable rescue backboard may be rolled up or folded for compact transportation and storage and can be inflated quickly and easily to provide a support for the rescuee that is just as rigid as a wooden, fiberglass, or other standard, prior art rescue backboard. The inflatable rescue backboard may be inflated using a gas source, such as an air or CO2 canister, a compressor, or even by a person blowing into it.
Of course, it also is possible to use the two embodiments together, securing the inflatable attachment to an inflatable rescue backboard instead of securing it to a prior art wooden or fiberglass backboard.
This rescue backboard 10 is rigid, has a uniform, relatively thin thickness, and usually is made out of wood, fiberglass, or a hard plastic so that it may function as a solid platform for immobilizing the spine of a rescuee during the rescue and for permitting rescuers to provide first aid, such as CPR, to the rescuee during the rescue, including while the rescuee is being transported.
As illustrated in
The bladder portions 14, 16, 18 are manufactured from an airtight material, such as a Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) with properties which include elasticity and resistance to oil, grease and abrasion. The thermoplastic polyurethane preferably is RF (Radio Frequency) welded to form the bladder portions 14, 16, 18. It is available in various colors, such as a bright yellow, to make it more easily visible when floating at a distance. Of course, other suitable materials could be used instead of TPU, if desired.
Each of the bladder portions 14, 16, 18 is flat when deflated and has an oval, nearly circular cross-sectional shape when inflated. Each of the bladder portions 14, 16, 18 has an inner margin 20, which is an extension of the welded perimeter. The inner margin 20 remains flat (does not get inflated) and defines a plurality of through openings 22 which are used for connecting the bladder portions 14, 16, 18 to the backboard 10. In this embodiment, as best shown in
The left bladder portion 14 includes a threaded fitting 28, which includes a manually-operated valve, which can be opened by a rescuer by pulling on the tab 32 and/or cord 42. A small canister 30 of inflation fluid is threaded onto the fitting 28, and remains with the inflatable attachment 26 during storage and normal operation, so, when a rescuer wants to quickly inflate the inflatable attachment 26, the rescuer pulls on the tab 32 and/or cord 42 to open the valve, allowing the inflation fluid in the canister 30 to inflate the bladder portions 14, 16, 18 very rapidly. Of course, the fitting 28 may be installed in any desired location on the inflatable attachment 26. The two-way arrows 34 in
The left and right bladder portions 14, 16 also include manual inflation/deflation valves 36 (See
The inflatable rescue attachment 26 may be provided as a kit which can be readily secured, via the aforementioned zip ties, straps, links, or other closed loops, for instance, to a rigid backboard 10. During normal storage, the inflatable attachment 26 is in its deflated configuration, such that it stores very compactly as the three bladder portions 14, 16, 18 (or the single bladder if that option is elected) present a flat, essentially two-dimensional aspect.
In the event of an emergency, a rescuer grabs the backboard 10 with attached inflatable attachment 26 and races to the water toward the rescuee. With the attachment 26 deflated, the rescue backboard 10 behaves very much like a prior art rescue backboard 10, in that it offers practically no added resistance to forward motion in the water. Once the rescuer reaches the rescuee, he slides the rescue backboard 10 under the rescuee. Again, the deflated condition of the inflatable attachment 26 means that the backboard 10 with the attachment 26 provides no more added resistance to being submerged under the rescuee than would a prior art rescue backboard 10. Once the rescue backboard 10 is suitably placed under the rescuee, the rescuer pulls on the tab 32, which pulls the cord 42 to open the valve and admit inflation fluid from the canister 30 into all three bladder portions 14, 16, 18, quickly inflating the attachment 26 to lift the rescuee up, with his head above the water, providing a clear path to establish an airway to the rescuee as well as a hard surface for the rescuer to provide first aid, including CPR, to the rescuee. Of course, the rescuee will likely be secured with a standard harness or straps, not shown, to the rescue backboard 10. It should be noted that, instead of the canister 30, another inflation fluid source, such as a lightweight, battery-operated compressor could be used.
The rescue backboard 10 with the inflated rescue attachment 26, is towed back to shore, with the rescuee supported on the backboard 10. Once on shore, the rescuee may be transported, still on the backboard 10, to a more convenient location to administer any further aid, if needed. The inflation fluid may be released from the inflatable attachment 26 through one or both of the valves 36 at any time, as needed. For instance, if the rescuee is riding too high in the water, the rescuer may release some of the inflation fluid via the valves 36 until the desired pressure level in the three bladder portions 14, 16, 18 is reached. Also, once on land, all the inflation fluid may be released to facilitate transporting the rescuee without the impediment of the inflated rescue attachment 26. The rescue attachment 26 also may be removed from one backboard and installed for re-use on another backboard, if desired.
The embodiment of
As shown in
Of course, the fitting 98 may be installed in any desired location. However, installation of the fitting 98 and canister 90 at the foot of the central portion 66 allows the manually actuated inflation device to be in an out-of-the-way location where it is not likely to harm the rescuee and where it does not interfere with the grasping of the backboard 64 by the rescuer(s) or with the access to the rescuee for the purpose of providing first aid, such as chest compressions. Typically, the recommended pressure inside the central portion 66 to obtain a flat, rigid surface is on the order of 5 PSIG (pounds per square inch).
When the central portion 66 is inflated, it has a substantially uniform thickness “T” (See
As described above, the central portion 66 is made from a drop stitch material 72, shown in detail in
As shown in
Polyurethane material (TPU) enclose and are bonded to the outer layers 80 of the drop stitch material 72 and extend beyond the drop stitch material 72 to form the surrounding flange 68. The top and bottom enclosure sheets 82 of TPU material are Radio Frequency (RF) welded together along a weld 84 that extends around the entire perimeter of the drop stitch material 72 to form the flange 78 and to form an airtight chamber 36 within which the drop stitch material 72 resides. The flange 68 defines the through openings 70 (See also
While it may be possible in the future to manufacture the drop stitch material 72 such that the outer layers 80 of the drop stitch material 72 extend beyond the drop stitches 78 and beyond the woven layers 74, 76 and can be bonded together to form the flange 68 and the enclosure 86 (serving as enclosure layers), that has not been done in this embodiment. Instead, the additional enclosure layers 82 have been added to form the enclosure 86 and the flange 68.
Looking again at
The theory behind the drop stitch material 72 inside the enclosure 86 is that, once the gas has inflated the central portion 66 of the inflatable backboard 64 to the point where the drop stitching fibers 78 are fully extended and they have reached the pile height “H”, there is no further volume available for the air to go.
In a typical balloon (like the prior art inflatable rescue devices), if you press in on one side, the balloon expands out at another side, resulting in a squishy consistency. However, the drop stitches 78 prevent the balloon from bulging out anywhere, so the balloon resists compression where you are pushing on it, because the compressed air has nowhere else to go. The compressed air thus is confined and cannot find another area to bulge out of this confined volume, so the central portion 66 retains its shape as a flat, rigid inflatable backboard. In fact, instead of acting like a balloon, the inflated central portion 66 acts like a rigid, prior art backboard, having the same rigidity as a prior art rescue backboard made of wood, fiberglass or hard plastic, which provides rigid support for a rescuee to protect the spine and to permit the rescuer to do chest compressions on the rescuee.
The central portion 66 of the backboard 64 may be deflated by removing the canister 90 and allowing the gas to escape. In its deflated configuration, as shown in
Alternatively, the deflated backboard 64 may be rolled up starting at the head end, and rolling toward the foot end, of the backboard 64 such that the canister 90 is visible and accessible once the backboard 64 is rolled up. This provides instant visibility of the canister 40 so the rescuer can check the canister 90 to ensure that one is present before taking the backboard 64 out to the field. It also provides instant access to the pull tab 92 to release the compressed gas into the central portion 66 of the backboard 64, allowing for the action of the compressed gas to assist the user in unrolling the backboard 64 as it is inflated. Various other rolling or folding arrangements could be used.
In the event of an emergency, a rescuer grabs the rigid inflatable backboard 64 while in its deflated configuration and races to the rescuee. In its deflated condition, the backboard 64 takes up very little space so that one rescuer can easily carry more than a single backboard 64. The deflated backboard 64 also is small and flexible so it can be taken through tight areas. Once inflated, the backboard 64 behaves very much like a prior art rescue backboard 10 in that it offers a flat, rigid surface for the rescuee to be strapped down and transported.
Once the backboard 64 is at the site and ready to be put to use, the user pulls on the tab 92 which pulls the cord 94 to admit compressed gas from the canister 90 into the central portion 66 of the backboard 64, quickly inflating the backboard 64, providing a flat, rigid surface for the user to transport the rescuee as well as to provide first aid, such as CPR, to the rescuee. The rescuee is secured with a harness (not shown) or straps 67, to the backboard 64.
It also should be noted that the inflated backboard 64 floats, which makes it easy to use in water rescues. It may be placed under the rescuee before being inflated, which helps elevate the rescuee to the surface of the water in a water rescue.
While the examples described above use PVC and TPU materials, it will be obvious that other desired materials could be used instead.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the scope of the present invention as claimed.
This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/878,417 filed Jul. 25, 2019, and from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/887,906 filed Aug. 16, 2019, both of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62878417 | Jul 2019 | US | |
62887906 | Aug 2019 | US |