Patent Application
20240162359
This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 111143090, filed on Nov. 11, 2022. The entirety of the above-mentioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification.
The disclosure relates to a backsheet of a solar cell module and a solar cell module including the backsheet, and in particular relates to a backsheet including diffusion particles and non-fluorine material of a solar cell module and a solar cell module including the backsheet.
A solar cell module that receives light on both sides is a solar cell that may generate electricity on both sides, in which the backsheet of the solar cell module performs light conversion by absorbing the light reflected or scatter-diffused by the ground. Therefore, for the consideration of the material of the backsheet, in addition to having high light transmittance, it is also one of the key points such that the light may be diffused (scattered) in the backsheet so that the battery units may absorb uniform light.
In addition, the currently commonly used material of the backsheet is a fluorine-containing resin layer, which may protect the battery units in the solar cell module because of its weather resistance. However, when the backsheet has to be recycled, burying the fluorine-containing resin layer causes damage to the environment, and when the fluorine-containing resin layer is incinerated or degraded, it causes harm to the human body due to the emission of fluorine-containing substances.
At present, there is an urgent need to develop a backsheet with a solar cell module that may diffuse (scatter) light therein; and reduce the harm to the environment and human body caused by the backsheet under the condition of being weather resistance.
The disclosure provides a backsheet of a solar cell module and a solar cell module including the backsheet. The backsheet may diffuse light therein and reduce the harm to the environment and human body under the condition of being weather resistance.
The backsheet of the solar cell module of the disclosure includes a substrate, a first protection layer, and a second protection layer. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The first protection layer is disposed on the first surface of the substrate. The second protection layer is disposed on the second surface of the substrate, in which the first protection layer and the second protection layer include a silicone layer. At least one of the first protection layer and the second protection layer includes diffusion particles, in which the diffusion particles include zinc oxide, titanium dioxide modified with silicon dioxide, or a combination thereof. A thickness of the first protection layer and a thickness of the second protection layer are respectively 10 μm to 30 μm.
The solar cell module of the disclosure includes a battery unit, a backsheet, and an adhesive layer. The backsheet is disposed on the battery unit and includes a substrate, a first protection layer, and a second protection layer. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, in which the second surface faces the battery unit. The first protection layer is disposed on the first surface of the substrate. The second protection layer is disposed on the second surface of the substrate, in which the first protection layer and the second protection layer include a silicone layer. At least one of the first protection layer and the second protection layer includes diffusion particles, in which the diffusion particles include zinc oxide, titanium dioxide modified with silicon dioxide, or a combination thereof. A thickness of the first protection layer and a thickness of the second protection layer are 10 μm to 30 μm. The adhesive layer is disposed between the battery unit and the second protection layer.
Based on the above, the backsheet of the solar cell module of the disclosure includes a first protection layer away from the battery units and a second protection layer facing the battery units. By adding specific diffusion particles to at least one of the first protection layer and the second protection layer, the intensity and uniformity of light incident on the battery units through the backplane may be improved, so that the amount of light received by the battery units may be increased, thereby improving the light conversion efficiency of solar cell modules. Furthermore, the disclosure uses the silicone layer as the base of the first protection layer and the second protection layer, which not only weather resistant, but also reduces pollution to the environment.
The disclosure may be understood by referring to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, for the ease of understanding by the readers and for the brevity of the accompanying drawings, multiple drawings in the disclosure only depict a portion of the electronic device, and the specific elements in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. In addition, the number and size of each of the elements in the figures are for illustration purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
In the disclosure, wordings used to indicate directions, such as “up,” “down,” “front,” “back,” “left,” and “right,” merely refer to directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional wordings are used to illustrate rather than limit the disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, the drawings illustrate the general features of the methods, structures, and/or materials used in the particular embodiments. However, the drawings shall not be interpreted as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by the embodiments. For example, the relative sizes, thicknesses, and locations of the layers, regions, and/or structures may be reduced or enlarged for clarity.
When a corresponding component (e.g., a film layer or region) is referred to as being “on” another component, it may be directly on the other component or other components may be present therebetween. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being “directly on” another member, there are no components in between. Additionally, when a component is referred to as being “on” another component, the two are in a top-down relationship when viewed from above, and the component may be above or below the other component, depending on the orientation of the device.
The terms “about”, “equal to”, “equal” or “same”, “substantially” or “generally” are interpreted as within 20% of a given value or range, or interpreted as within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of the given value or range.
The terms such as “first”, “second”, etc. used in the description and the patent claims are used to modify elements, which do not imply and represent that the (or these) elements have any previous ordinal numbers, and also does not represent the order of a certain element and another element, or the order of the manufacturing method. The use of these ordinal numbers is to only clearly distinguish an element with a certain name from another element with the same name. The same terms may not be used in the patent claims and the description, and accordingly, the first component in the description may be the second component in the patent claims.
It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the features in several different embodiments may be replaced, reorganized, and mixed to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. As long as the features of the various embodiments do not violate the spirit of the disclosure or conflict with one another, they may be mixed and matched arbitrarily.
Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are exemplified below, the same reference numerals in the drawings and the descriptions indicate the same or similar parts.
Referring to
In this embodiment, the battery unit 100 is a battery unit that receives light on both sides. That is, the surface of the battery unit 100 facing the backsheet 200a may also absorb, for example, light reflected or scatter diffused by the ground, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The battery unit 100 may, for example, at least include a photoelectric conversion layer (not shown) and two electrodes (not shown) disposed on opposite surfaces of the photoelectric conversion layer, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the battery unit 100 may include a silicon solar cell, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
The backsheet 200a is, for example, disposed on the battery unit 100, and may, for example, be used for supporting and protecting the battery unit 100. For example, the backsheet 200a may have the functions of weather resistance such as UV resistance, water and oxygen resistance, and heat resistance, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In addition, the backsheet 200a of this embodiment may also have high light transmittance, which may increase the amount of light received by the battery unit 100. The reason why the backsheet 200a has high light transmittance is described in detail below.
In this embodiment, the backsheet 200a includes a substrate 210, a first protection layer 220, and a second protection layer 230. The light transmittance of the backsheet 200a is greater than 89%, and the light spot size gain value of the backsheet 200a is greater than 20%, so that the solar cell module 10a has high light conversion efficiency. For the measurement method of the light transmittance of the backsheet 200a and the light spot size gain value of the backsheet 200a, refer to the following experimental example.
The substrate 210 may include, for example, a transparent thermoplastic resin, so that the backsheet 200a has high light transmittance. For example, the material of the substrate 210 may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the material of the substrate 210 may include poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). In some embodiments, the thickness of the substrate 210 is greater than or equal to 250 μm.
The first protection layer 220 is, for example, disposed on the first surface 210S1 of the substrate 210. In this embodiment, the base of the first protection layer 220 includes a silicone layer. The silicone layer may have the aforementioned function of weather resistance due to the silicon-oxygen bond skeleton (—Si—O—Si—) it includes. The material included in the silicone layer is not particularly limited. For example, the silicone layer may include polysiloxane resin, silicone, or a combination thereof. In addition, the silicone layer also has high light transmittance.
In this embodiment, the first protection layer 220 further includes diffusion particles DP. The diffusion particles DP may, for example, scatter the light entering the first protection layer 220, so that the subsequent light entering the battery unit 100 through the substrate 210 may be more uniform. That is, the amount of light received by multiple battery elements (not shown) in the battery unit 100 may be relatively close to each other. Furthermore, the diffusion particles DP may change the path of light with a larger incident angle, so that most of the light may be guided to the battery unit 100 instead of being reflected by the first protection layer 220. Therefore, the first protection layer 220 including the diffusion particles DP may increase the amount of light received by the battery unit 100, thereby improving the light conversion efficiency of the solar battery module 10a. In this embodiment, the material of the diffusion particles DP includes zinc oxide, titanium dioxide modified with silicon dioxide, or a combination thereof. In addition, in this embodiment, the content of the diffusion particles DP in the first protection layer 220 is 0.05 wt % to 0.5 wt %. When the diffusion particles DP include the aforementioned materials and/or the aforementioned contents, the amount of light received by the battery unit 100 may be increased, which is described in detail in the following experimental examples. In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the diffusion particles DP and the refractive index of the silicone layer is greater than 0.3, and the particle size range of the diffusion particles DP is 0.5 m to 5 μm, so that the diffusion particles DP have high light scattering effect.
In addition, in this embodiment, the thickness of the first protection layer 220 is 10 m to 30 μm. When the first protection layer 220 has a thickness in the aforementioned range, the amount of light received by the battery unit 100 may be increased, which is described in detail in the following experimental examples.
The second protection layer 230 is, for example, disposed on the second surface 210S2 of the substrate 210. In this embodiment, the first surface 210S1 and the second surface 210S2 of the substrate 210 are opposite to each other. In detail, the first surface 210S1 of the substrate 210 is, for example, away from the battery unit 100, and the second surface 210S2 of the substrate 210 is, for example, facing the battery unit 100. In this embodiment, the second protection layer 230 includes the aforementioned silicone layer. That is, the second protection layer 230 may be made of the same or similar material as the silicone layer included in the first protection layer 220, and details are not described herein again. In addition, in this embodiment, the thickness of the second protection layer 230 is 10 μm to 30 μm.
The adhesive layer 300 is, for example, disposed between the battery unit 100 and the second protection layer 230 of the backsheet 200a. The adhesive layer 300 may, for example, be used to adhere the battery unit 100 to the backsheet 200a. In some embodiments, the material of the adhesive layer 300 may include thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin, which is not particularly limited in the disclosure. For example, the material of the adhesive layer 300 may include ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).
In some embodiments, the backsheet 200a may be prepared by, for example, the following methods, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the diffusion particles DP are uniformly dispersed in the silicone layer. After it is uniformly dispersed, it is coated on the first surface 210S1 of the substrate 210 and cured to form the first protection layer 220. In addition, after another silicone layer is coated on the second surface 210S2 of the substrate 210 and cured, the second protection layer 230 is formed.
In some embodiments, the solar cell module 10a may also include a front sheet (not shown). The front sheet may be adhered to the battery unit 100, for example, by another adhesive layer (not shown). The material of the substrate of the front sheet may be, for example, the same as or similar to the material of the aforementioned substrate 210, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the material of the substrate of the front sheet may be glass.
Referring to
It should be noted that, although not shown in
The disclosure is described below by means of experimental examples, but these experimental examples are only used for illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
It is worth noting that the light transmittance of the backsheet mentioned here may be expressed by the following formula: (Fout/Fin)*100%, in which Fout is the luminous flux of light passing through the backsheet, and Fin is the luminous flux of light incident on the backsheet. In addition, the light spot size gain value of the backsheet mentioned here may be expressed by the following formula: ((LD-LND)/LND)*100%, in which LD is the light spot diameter generated on the light-receiving surface of the battery unit by the light passing through the backsheet including diffusion particles, and LND is the light spot diameter generated on the light-receiving surface of the battery unit by the light passing through the backsheet without diffusion particles. In this experimental example, the light transmittance of the backsheet is defined to be greater than 89%, and the light spot size gain value of the backsheet is defined to be greater than 20%.
The solar cell module of this experimental example is constructed by ASAP optical analysis simulation software, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
The light transmittance may be measured, for example, according to ASTM D1003, and the light spot size gain value may be measured, for example, in the following manner, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
For example, first, the light sensor (replaced with a battery unit here) is attached to the backsheet, the light sensor is connected to the computer, and laser light is used to irradiate the first protection layer of the backsheet (incidence angle is 0 degrees), in which the backsheet does not include diffusion particles, and then the computer is used to store the image of the light received in the light sensor, as shown in
It may be seen from
In Experimental Example 1 shown in
The material of the substrate is ethylene terephthalate, the refractive index of the substrate is 1.66, and the thickness of the substrate is 250 μm.
The thickness of the first protection layer is 25 μm, the material of the silicone layer in the first protection layer is polysiloxane resin (purchased from Ecoway Technology Co., Ltd., model: ECO901), the refractive index of the silicone layer is 1.44, and the density of the silicone layer is 1.2 g/cm3.
The material of the diffusion particles is zinc oxide (purchased from Yung Chyang Chemical Industries Corp., Ltd., model: SHG), the refractive index of the diffusion particles is 1.9, and the density of the diffusion particles is 5.61 g/cm3.
The thickness of the second protection layer is 10 μm, the material of the silicone layer in the second protection layer is polysiloxane resin (purchased from Ecoway Technology Co., Ltd., model: ECO901), the refractive index of the silicone layer is 1.44, and the density of the silicone layer is 1.2 g/cm3.
The material of the adhesive layer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the refractive index of the adhesive layer is 1.4845, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is 275 μm.
In Experimental Example 1 shown in
It may be seen from
In Experimental Example 2 shown in
In Experimental Example 2 shown in
It may be seen from
In addition,
In Comparative Experimental Example shown in
In Comparative Experimental Example shown in
It may be seen from
After integrating the experimental data of the above Experimental Example 1, Experimental Example 2, and Comparative Experimental Example, the disclosure is further described by the following embodiments, but these embodiments are only used for illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
In this embodiment, the solar cell module has a similar structure and formation as shown in Experimental Example 1, the only difference is that the thickness of the first protection layer is m, the diffusion particles (zinc oxide) are added to the first protection layer, the particle size of the diffusion particles is 0.75 μm, and the content of the diffusion particles is 0.1 wt %. In addition, the light transmittance, light spot size gain value, and haze of the backsheet of this embodiment are measured, in which the haze may be measured according to, for example, ASTM D-1003, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 1, except that the diffusion particles are added to the second protection layer.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 1, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.3 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 2, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.3 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 1, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.5 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 2, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.5 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 1, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 20 μm.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 2, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 20 μm.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 1, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 30 μm.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 2, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 30 μm.
Comparative Embodiment 1 is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 1, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.05 wt %.
Comparative Embodiment 2 is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 2, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.05 wt %.
Comparative Embodiment 3 is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 1, except that the content of diffusion particles is 1.0 wt %.
Comparative Embodiment 4 is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 2, except that the content of diffusion particles is 1.0 wt %.
The experimental data of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 10 and the experimental data of Comparative Embodiment 1 to Comparative Embodiment 4 are compiled in Table 1 and Table 2 below.
From Table 1 and Table 2 (Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 6 and Comparative Embodiment 1 to Comparative Embodiment 4) and the aforementioned Experimental Example 1, it may be seen that when the content of diffusion particles (zinc oxide) is less than or equal to 0.5 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have a light transmittance greater than 89%, and when the content of diffusion particles (zinc oxide) is greater than or equal to 0.1 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have a light spot size gain value greater than 20%. That is, when the content of the diffusion particles (zinc oxide) in the first protection layer or the second protection layer is 0.1 wt % to 0.5 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may simultaneously have a light transmittance greater than 89% and a light spot size gain value greater than 20%.
In addition, as may be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, taking Embodiment 1 and Embodiment as examples, compared with adding diffusion particles to the second protection layer, diffusion particles are added to the first protection layer so that the backsheet of the solar cell module has greater light transmittance and light spot size gain. The reason for this may be, for example, when the diffusion particles are added to the first protection layer, after the light is scattered by the diffusion particles in the first protection layer, the light passes through the substrate, the second protection layer, and the adhesive layer in sequence to reach the battery unit; on the other hand, when the diffusion particles are added to the second protection layer, after the light is scattered by the diffusion particles in the second protection layer, the light only passes through the adhesive layer to reach the battery unit, and the light path that the light travels is shorter, so that light spot size presented on the battery unit is also smaller.
Furthermore, as may be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 (Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 10) that when the thickness of the first protection layer is in the range of 10 μm to 30 μm, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have both a light transmittance greater than 89% and a light spot size gain value greater than 20%.
In addition, as may be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 (Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 10), with the silicone layer as the substrate, when the content of diffusion particles (zinc oxide) is 0.1 wt % to 0.5 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have low haze.
In this embodiment, the solar cell module has a similar structure and formation as shown in Experimental Example 2, the only difference is that the thickness of the first protection layer is 10 μm, and the diffusion particles are added to the first protection layer, the particle size of the diffusion particles is 1.00 μm, and the content of the diffusion particles is 0.05 wt %. In addition, the light transmittance, the light spot size gain value, and the haze are measured for the backsheet of this embodiment.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 11, except that the diffusion particles are added to the second protection layer.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 11, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.1 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 12, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.1 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 11, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.3 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 12, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.3 wt %.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 11, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 20 μm.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 12, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 20 μm.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 11, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 30 μm.
This embodiment is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 12, except that the thickness of the first protection layer is 30 μm.
Comparative Embodiment 5 is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 11, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.5 wt %.
Comparative Embodiment 6 is substantially the same as the rest of Embodiment 12, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.5 wt %.
The experimental data of Embodiment 11 to Embodiment 20 and the experimental data of Comparative Embodiment 5 to Comparative Embodiment 6 are compiled in Table 3 and Table 4 below.
From Table 3 and Table 4 (Embodiment 11 to Embodiment 16 and Comparative Embodiment 5 to Comparative Embodiment 6) and the aforementioned Experimental Example 2, it may be seen that when the content of diffusion particles (titanium dioxide modified with silicon dioxide) is less than or equal to 0.3 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have a light transmittance greater than 89%, and when the content of diffusion particles (titanium dioxide modified with silicon dioxide) is greater than or equal to 0.05 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have a light spot size gain value greater than 20%. That is, when the content of the diffusion particles (titanium dioxide modified with silicon dioxide) in the first protection layer or the second protection layer is 0.05 wt % to 0.3 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may simultaneously have a light transmittance greater than 89% and a light spot size gain value greater than 20%.
Furthermore, as may be seen from Table 3 and Table 4 (Embodiment 11 to Embodiment 20) that when the thickness of the first protection layer is in the range of 10 μm to 30 μm, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have both a light transmittance greater than 89% and a light spot size gain value greater than 20%.
In addition, as may be seen from Table 3 and Table 4 (Embodiment 11 to Embodiment 20), with the silicone layer as the substrate, when the content of diffusion particles is 0.05 wt % to 0.3 wt %, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have low haze.
In Comparative Embodiment 7, the solar cell module has a similar structure and formation as shown in Experimental Example 1, the difference is that the thickness of the first protection layer is 10 μm, the diffusion particles are titanium dioxide (purchased from Proti Chemical Co., Ltd., model: R350), the diffusion particles are added to the first protection layer, the particle size of the diffusion particles is 0.35 μm, and the content of the diffusion particles is 0.1 wt %. In addition, the light transmittance, the light spot size gain value, and the haze are measured for the backsheet of Comparative Embodiment 7.
Comparative Embodiment 8 is substantially the same as the rest of Comparative Embodiment 7, except that the diffusion particles are added to the second protection layer.
The experimental data of Comparative Embodiment 7 to Comparative Embodiment 8 are compiled in Table 5 below.
As seen from Table 5, when the diffusion particles are titanium dioxide, although the backsheet of the solar cell module may have a light spot size gain value greater than 20%, it does not have a light transmittance greater than 89%.
In Comparative Embodiment 9, the solar cell module has a similar structure and formation as shown in Comparative Experimental Example, the difference is that the thickness of the first protection layer is 10 μm, the diffusion particles are silicon oxide, the diffusion particles are added to the first protection layer, the particle size of the diffusion particles is 3.00 μm, and the content of the diffusion particles is 0.1 wt %. In addition, the light transmittance, the light spot size gain value, and the haze are measured for the backsheet of Comparative Embodiment 9.
Comparative Embodiment 10 is substantially the same as the rest of Comparative Embodiment 9, except that the diffusion particles are added to the second protection layer.
Comparative Embodiment 11 is substantially the same as the rest of Comparative Embodiment 9, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.5 wt %.
Comparative Embodiment 12 is substantially the same as the rest of Comparative Embodiment 10, except that the content of diffusion particles is 0.5 wt %.
Comparative Embodiment 13 is substantially the same as the rest of Comparative Embodiment 9, except that the content of diffusion particles is 1.0 wt %.
Comparative Embodiment 14 is substantially the same as the rest of Comparative Embodiment 10, except that the content of diffusion particles is 1.0 wt %.
The experimental data of Comparative Embodiment 9 to Comparative Embodiment 14 are compiled in Table 6 and Table 7 below.
It may be seen from
To sum up, the disclosure provides a backsheet of a solar cell module, which includes a first protection layer away from the battery units and a second protection layer facing the battery units. By adding specific diffusion particles to at least one of the first protection layer and the second protection layer, the intensity and uniformity of light incident on the battery units through the backplane may be improved, so that the amount of light received by the battery units may be increased, thereby improving the light conversion efficiency of solar cell modules. In addition, in the disclosure, by selecting specific diffusion particles, defining the added content of diffusion particles, and designing the thicknesses of the first protection layer and the second protection layer, the backsheet of the solar cell module may have a light transmittance greater than 89% and a light spot size gain value greater than 20%.
Furthermore, the disclosure uses the silicone layer as the base of the first protection layer and the second protection layer, compared with the fluorine-containing resin layer, the silicone layer is not only weather resistant, but also reduces pollution to the environment. In addition, the disposition of the silicone layer does not increase the haze of the solar cell module and may maintain the transparency of the backsheet.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 111143090 | Nov 2022 | TW | national |
