Patent Application
20200308920
Backup configurations have been known in the downhole industry for a long time. They function in various ways to reduce the tendency of rubber or similar sealing materials extruding when exposed to a pressure differential thereacross. Generally backup rings attempt to fulfill their purposes by getting in the way of an extrusion path of the seal material. Some are successful though many are not and most are expensive and difficult to set with marginal pressure holding capacities. The art therefore would be receptive to alternative backups that provide commercial advantages.
A backup including a radially inwardly disposed circumferentially continuous ring; a radially outwardly disposed circumferentially discontinuous ring, the circumferentially discontinuous ring comprising a plurality of segments arranged to overlap adjacent ones thereof about a circumference of the circumferentially discontinuous ring.
The following descriptions should not be considered limiting in any way. With reference to the accompanying drawings, like elements are numbered alike:
A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the disclosed apparatus and method are presented herein by way of exemplification and not limitation with reference to the Figures.
Referring to
Benefits of the backup ring 10 are achieved due to its construction. The backup 10 comprises a radially inwardly disposed circumferentially continuous ring 12 that is composed of a thin material. The material may be a metal or a plastic, for example. “Thin” meaning having a thickness of from about 0.015″ to about 0.050″ thick. The thickness allows for great conformability. The ring 12 exhibits no breaks therein such that it presents a complete barrier to extrusion. Moreover, the ring 12 includes, in at least some embodiments, a flare feature 14 that ensures a complete contact connection with the tubular form (casing, tubular, open hole, etc.) in which the backup 10 is set. The flare feature 14 energizes a connection with the wall at edge 16 thereby rendering extrusion of the seal material therepast extremely unlikely. In addition, because of the shape of the flare 14 as shown, the seal material itself will tend to further energize the contact of edge 16 with the wall.
The backup 10 also comprises a radially outwardly disposed circumferentially discontinuous ring 20. The ring 20 comprises a plurality of segments 22 arranged to overlap adjacent ones thereof about a circumference of the circumferentially discontinuous ring. Each of the segments 22 extend from a base ring 24 that both joins each of the segments 22 together but also joins the ring 12 with the ring 20. Beyond the base ring 24, each segment 22 is completely detached from any other segment beyond mere contact therewith. This is to say that the individual segments are essentially free from one another other than for base ring 24. Such construction eliminates hoop stress in the ring 20 during expansion in setting of the tool using this backup 10 thereby reducing the force required to set the tool that uses backup 10. Referring to
Also in embodiments, the segments 22 includes a bend 28 therein in the axial direction of the backup 10. As used herein, the term “bend” is meant to encompass a macro curvilinear shape that wholly or partially makes up the ring or ring segment geometry. By macro curvilinear shape it is meant that the deviation in direction of the material of the segments can range from a slight curvature on the order of only a few degrees (up to a much large degree as noted below) of deviation and a curving area of deviation to a more pronounced bend where a line is visible by the human eye and/or can be felt by the human hand is formed at the deviation point (rather than an area where no actual line can be seen or felt). The bend 28 further strengthens the segments 22 and hence the ring 20 without impacting the benefits of reduced setting force, ultra-expansion and super-conformability. Bends 28 in some embodiments employ an angle of from about 100 degrees to about 170 degrees.
In another embodiment, the bend 28 may not actually be a bend but rather simply a variation in the thickness of the segment at the same location. Variations in thickness of the material making up the segment 22 will affect its conformability. Lesser thicknesses will allow greater conformability which greater thicknesses will provide relatively more resistance to conformability.
In particular embodiments the degree of overlap of the segments 22 may be selected to address swab off and or radial support. Specifically, the larger the overlap, the greater the resistance to swab off under higher flow conditions prior to setting of the tool.
Referring to
Turning now to
Finally, in an embodiment, the backup 10 is an additively manufactured component. Additive manufacturing allows for much simpler manufacture of the backup as shown and described than conventional machining and so reduces cost of manufacture.
Referring to
Set forth below are some embodiments of the foregoing disclosure:
A backup including a radially inwardly disposed circumferentially continuous ring; a radially outwardly disposed circumferentially discontinuous ring, the circumferentially discontinuous ring comprising a plurality of segments arranged to overlap adjacent ones thereof about a circumference of the circumferentially discontinuous ring.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the radially inwardly disposed ring and the radially outwardly disposed ring are joined at an axial end of the backup.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein segments of the discontinuous ring or rings overlap the adjacent segments.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein in a set position, the segments of the discontinuous ring or rings continue to overlap the adjacent segments.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the plurality of segments are connected to each other only at the axial end of the backup.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein one or more of the plurality of segments include a bend.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein one or more of the plurality of segments include a variation in thickness of the one or more segments.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the bend is duplicated in each of the plurality of segments.
The backup as in any prior embodiment consisting of no more rings than the radially inwardly disposed ring and the radially outwardly disposed ring.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the radially inwardly disposed ring is of a uniform thickness.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the radially inwardly disposed ring is of a non-uniform thickness.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the radially inwardly disposed ring further includes a flare feature.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the radially inwardly disposed ring and the radially outwardly disposed ring are spaced from each other by a circumferential gap.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the gap is uniform between the rings.
The backup as in any prior embodiment wherein the gap is non-uniform between the rings.
A tool including a seal, a backup as in any prior embodiment adjacent thereto.
A downhole system including a string disposed in a borehole, a backup as in any prior embodiment operably connected to the string.
The downhole system as in any prior embodiment further comprising a seal in operative contact with the backup.
The use of the terms “a” and “an” and “the” and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. Further, it should be noted that the terms “first,” “second,” and the like herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.
The term “about” is intended to include the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity based upon the equipment available at the time of filing the application. For example, “about” can include a range of ±8% or 5%, or 2% of a given value.
The teachings of the present disclosure may be used in a variety of well operations. These operations may involve using one or more treatment agents to treat a formation, the fluids resident in a formation, a wellbore, and/or equipment in the wellbore, such as production tubing. The treatment agents may be in the form of liquids, gases, solids, semi-solids, and mixtures thereof. Illustrative treatment agents include, but are not limited to, fracturing fluids, acids, steam, water, brine, anti-corrosion agents, cement, permeability modifiers, drilling muds, emulsifiers, demulsifiers, tracers, flow improvers etc. Illustrative well operations include, but are not limited to, hydraulic fracturing, stimulation, tracer injection, cleaning, acidizing, steam injection, water flooding, cementing, etc.
While the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims. Also, in the drawings and the description, there have been disclosed exemplary embodiments of the invention and, although specific terms may have been employed, they are unless otherwise stated used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention therefore not being so limited.
