Patent Grant
8408523
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to balusters which extend from a hand rail to a bottom rail, shoe rail, step, or floor.
2. Description of the Related Art
Numerous patents exist for balusters.
These include U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,272,061; 4,344,604; 4,352,485; 4,403,767; 4,421,302; 4,533,121; 4,928,930; 5,056,283; and 5,340,087.
Of these, four (U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,272,061; 4,421,302; 5,056,283; and 5,340,087) have a portion of the perimeter of the baluster near one or more ends of the baluster proceed increasingly more inward as such end of the baluster is approached. None, however, have the entire perimeter of the baluster proceed increasingly more inward as an end of the baluster is approached.
Furthermore, the primary reason for this indentation in the balusters of these four patents is to accommodate a sloping hand rail while the balusters remain vertical on a stairway. There would, consequently, be no reason to extend the indentation.
In U.S. Pat. No. 5,340,087 each end of the baluster is formed with a first edge eliminated, creating an angled face; and a second edge of that end of the baluster is chamfered to facilitate pivoting of the hand rail (and, at the other end of the baluster, the stair rail or base rail) with respect to that end of the baluster. Lines 19 through 22 in column 3 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,340,087 observe, “In the case of a non-rectangular baluster such chamfering will need to be progressive around the upper side of the baluster.” The chamfering simply removes excess material which would otherwise preclude the hand rail (or stair or base rail) from resting against the entire length of the angled face. For a baluster which has a rectangular cross section at and near the end of the baluster, this would indicate that maximum chamfering would occur at the point of the perimeter farthest from the angled face and that, at the two points where the perimeter meets the angled face, there would be no chamfering because no excess material would exist at those two points. Hence, at such two points there would be no indentation of the perimeter.
For the purposes of this invention, the term “beveled” means that, near one or both—but preferably both—ends of a baluster, the perimeter of the baluster proceeds increasingly more inward as such end of the baluster is approached. The slanted surface created by such inward movement may, when viewed in a plane containing the longitudinal axis of the baluster, be either straight or curved.
And the Baluster with Beveled End of the present invention has each edge of one, and preferably both, ends of the baluster so beveled, i.e., there must be some indentation at all points along the perimeter.
The indentation need not, however, be, but preferably is, the same all around the perimeter.
The top end of a baluster is generally placed within a cavity in an upper (or hand) rail. Similarly, the bottom end of a baluster is usually placed within a cavity in a lower (or bottom or stair or base) rail. The cross-sectional dimensions of such cavities are traditionally selected to be close to those of the un-beveled ends of the baluster in order to provide a snug fit. Consequently, considerable time is spent by a craft person in aligning the end of the baluster with the cavity before such end can be placed within the cavity.
The bevel on each edge of the baluster enables the craft person to work faster because any error in alignment that is within the maximum indentation will not preclude the baluster from entering the hole. As the craft person pushes the end of the baluster into the cavity, the bevel will simply cause the baluster to move in the necessary lateral direction.
As is apparent from the preceding, it has become well known to have an upper rail 1 and a lower rail 2 joined by posts 3 (termed “balusters” or “spindles”) which have an upper end 4 and a lower end 5 inserted into a cavity 6 in the upper rail 1 and a cavity 7 in the lower rail 2, respectively, in order to create a balustrade 8 as seen in
The present invention improves the baluster 3 used in such a balustrade 8 by beveling each edge 9 of one end 4 or 5 or, preferably, both ends 4, 5 of the baluster 3, as can be seen in
As observed above, the indentation which creates the bevel need not be, but preferably is, the same at a given distance from the end 4 or 5 all around the perimeter 10 of the baluster 3; but there must be some indentation at all points along the perimeter 10, otherwise the improved invention would not achieve its purpose of eliminating the need for precise alignment when placing and end 4 or 5 of a baluster 3 into a cavity 7. (At each end 4, 5 of the baluster 3, the perimeter 10 is, of course, composed of all the edges 9 of a given end 4 or 5.)
Furthermore, as noted above, the slanted surface 11 created by the beveling may, when viewed in a plane containing the longitudinal axis 12 of the baluster 3, be either straight (There is a linear relationship between the indentation and the distance to the end 4 or 5.), as shown in
The material of which the baluster is composed can be any material that is known in the art, such as wood, metal, plastic, or a composite. Preferably, though, the material is polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The PVC can be made with any technique that is well known in the art, such blow molding (being placed in a mold, heated, and subjected to air blown inside it), roto molding, or injection molded.
As used herein, the term “preferable” or “preferably” means that a specified element or technique is more acceptable than another but not that such specified element or technique is a necessity.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4722514 | Pettit | Feb 1988 | A |
| 4928930 | Chung | May 1990 | A |
| 5025842 | Brimhall | Jun 1991 | A |
| 5626331 | Erwin | May 1997 | A |
| 5695175 | Hawkins | Dec 1997 | A |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2 070 664 | Sep 1981 | GB |
| 54-13637 | Feb 1979 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20050151124 A1 | Jul 2005 | US |
