1. Field of the Invention
Embodiments of the present invention relate, in general, to a barrel link and particularly to a barrel link compatible with standard barrels found in semi-automatic handguns.
2. Relevant Background
A semi-automatic pistol functions by using the energy from the recoil of a single round of ammunition to extract and eject a fired cartridge from the pistol's chamber and load an unfired round from a magazine into the chamber for the next shot.
Most types of semi-automatic pistols rely on a removable magazine for supplying new ammunition to reload the chamber to be able to fire the gun again. The removable magazine is most often located inside a hand grip. Typically, the first round is manually loaded into the chamber by pulling back and releasing (“racking”) the slide mechanism, after which the recoil operation of the handgun, when fired automatically, extracts, ejects, and reloads the chamber.
For a semi-automatic pistol, reload is typically accomplished by the recoil operation. This process can also be accomplished by harnessing gases produced when the gun is fired. In this case, the pistol siphons off some of the gases during the firing phase instead of relying on short recoil operation.
Self-loading automatic pistols can be divided into “blowback” and “locked-breech” categories according to their principle of operation. This classification roughly divides the operation into those specifically suitable for small-caliber versus large-caliber semi-automatic pistols.
In blowback semi-automatic pistols, generally .38 caliber (sometimes known as 9 mm Kurz, i.e., 9 mm Short) or smaller, the barrel is fixed to the frame and the slide or bolt; in its foremost position, it is held against the barrel only by the force of the recoil spring. The slide starts to move backwards immediately upon the gun's being fired, as there is no locking action to hold the breechblock and slide locked with the barrel, even temporarily. At the appropriate point in the rearward motion, extraction and ejection of the fired brass of the cartridge are accomplished, and the used brass is typically ejected to the right of the pistol.
During the motion rearwards, the striker, hammer, or firing pin may be re-cocked. A spring, called a recoil spring, slows the movement of the slide as it is compressed. When the slide reaches the rear of its travel, the recoil spring is fully compressed (if not, the pistol may suffer a failure, called a “jam”). The slide begins to move forward under the force of the spring, stripping a new cartridge from the magazine and pushing the new cartridge into the chamber. Upon the slide's return to its fully forward position, the pistol is ready once more to be fired by squeezing the trigger. The mass of the slide must be sufficient to hold the breech closed until the bullet exits the barrel and the remaining pressure drops to a safe level. A cartridge with too high a pressure, or a slide with too little mass, can cause the cartridge case to extract too early; this causes a case rupture.
In contrast, in a locked-breech design (typically .32 caliber or larger) the barrel is temporarily locked to the slide. The most common locked-breech type is the short-recoil design. In a short-recoil pistol, the slide and barrel recoil together a short distance while locked together, until the cartridge-firing chamber pressure has dropped to a safe level. After sufficient travel to allow the bullet to exit and the pressure to drop, the barrel then unlocks from the slide, and the barrel's rearward motion is stopped. The ejection and loading of the new cartridge are similar to that in a blowback pistol. After the slide seats the new round into the chamber, the barrel begins to move forward with the slide, locking into place, at which point the cycle is complete.
Vertical barrel and slide locking occurs as the slide 120 causes the barrel 110 to swing upward on the barrel link 150. Aggregate barrel 110, slide 120, frame 170, and barrel link 150 dimensional tolerances determine the extent to which a given barrel will link upward and to which locking lugs 155 will vertically engage in any given M-1911 or similarly designed pistol. Locked slide position permits the barrel 110 to move upward and prepares the pistol for firing, as shown in
Firing is split into two phases because the thrust vector existing between the bullet and the breech is under pressure in the barrel. Firing occurs in the M-1911 pistols when the grip safety is depressed, the trigger is squeezed, and the interaction of the trigger releases the hammer. The released hammer then transfers its energy to the internal firing pin, which, in turn, strikes the primer. As the primer ignites the propellant charge in the chambered cartridge, the hot powder gasses expand thus building pressure that forces the bullet down the barrel. As the gasses expand, the barrel 110 and slide 120 remain locked together both horizontally and vertically during the initial firing phase. Then as the bullet travels down the barrel shown in
At the end of the firing phase, the bullet exits the muzzle and drops gas pressure inside the barrel. Bullet departure breaks the balanced thrust vector established when the bullet was in the barrel 110. In terms of the effect on the pistol, this action enables the top locking lugs 155 to horizontally disengage and imparts a rearward force on the slide 120 assembly equal to the inertia of the departing bullet. Then, because the slide 120 assembly has a greater relative mass, and with the added benefit of the recoil spring, inertial energy is absorbed as the slide recoils to the rear.
As can be appreciated by one skilled in the art and as shown in
The accuracy of the M-1911 is inherently limited by the ability of barrel 110 to consistently achieve the same position in battery. This is reflected by its MOA. For example, if the barrel never left battery and was essentially a breech loaded single shot weapon, the MOA may be an order of magnitude smaller than that of a weapon in which the barrel is routinely disengaged and then reengaged into a battery position. The barrel link 150 is the primary means in the M-1911 by which the barrel is placed into battery, thus the vertical and horizontal movement of the barrel link 150 degrades the M-1911's accuracy. The link 150 acts as a single pivot point that transforms the forward motion of the barrel, as imparted to the barrel by the recoil of the slide, into a vertical motion so as to engage the lugs 155 and place the barrel into battery.
Furthermore, after repeated firings bearing stress, creep, due to the heat involved in repeated firings, and strain from the barrel link 150 and the pins coupling together slide 120, frame 170, and the barrel 110, reduces the ability of the link 150 to adequately and consistently place the barrel 110 into battery. After several hundred rounds of firing, the inherent accuracy of the weapon degrades and its MOA increases. The slide locking surfaces and those of the barrel 110 begin to degrade upon the first round fired. As a result, the economic life of the weapon is significantly reduced. Furthermore, accuracy is markedly lost in the first 250 rounds so as to make the firearm unable to perform as intended.
Disclosed herein is an improved barrel link for consistently and reliably placing a barrel of a semi-automatic pistol into battery. One embodiment of the present invention extends the width of the barrel link beyond that of the receiving channel of the barrel lug legs so as to make it substantially equal to the exterior dimension of the barrel lug. In addition, the portion extending beyond the width of the channel of the barrel lug is designed to provide multiple points of contact with the barrel lug in both vertical and lateral positions so as to reliably and consistently place the barrel into battery.
The features and advantages described in this disclosure and in the following detailed description are not all-inclusive. Many additional features and advantages will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art in view of the drawings, specification, and claims hereof. Moreover, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter; reference to the claims is necessary to determine such inventive subject matter.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, an improved barrel link is disclosed that interacts with a standard M-1911 barrel or the like. The improved barrel link includes a widened section of the lower portion of the link designed to engage the barrel lug in multiple locations as well as to provide increased lateral and rotational stability to the barrel as it is conveyed from the recoiled position into battery. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lower portion of the barrel lug includes a section of increased width that has two faces. Each face is designed to mate with the curved portion of the barrel lug. A first face is configured to be in constant contact with the barrel lug while the barrel is rotated from the recoiled position to that of battery. The second face is configured to come into contact at the final portion of that conveyance to ensure that the barrel comes into battery consistently and reliably.
The aforementioned and other features and objects of the present invention and the manner of attaining them will become more apparent, and the invention itself will be best understood, by reference to the following description of a preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The Figures depict embodiments of the present invention for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following discussion that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the invention described herein.
An improved barrel link for a semi-automatic handgun is described hereafter by way of examples. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the link rotationally coupling the barrel to a handgun frame or housing is improved by increasing the width (thickness) of the lower portion of the link and by placing at least two faces on the expanded portion of the link to connect with the barrel lug to provide lateral and rotational stability.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are hereafter described in detail with reference to the accompanying Figures. Like elements in the various Figures are identified by like reference numerals for consistency. Although the invention has been described and illustrated with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure has been made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the combination and arrangement of parts can be resorted to by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Similarly, an opening 480 is present in the handgrip housing 470 that is receptive of a second pivot pin 475. The lower portion of the link 450 is rotationally coupled to the handgrip housing 470 via the interaction of the second link opening 445, the handgrip housing openings 480, and the second pivot pin 475.
As can be seen in
As the barrel is conveyed into battery, the link interacts with the link lug in at least two locations 710 on each barrel lug extension. In addition to the second pivot pin's interaction 720 with the link lug, these lateral surfaces of the barrel link 710 stabilize the barrel. The added contact area between the link and the link lug, as well as the width of the link within the handgrip housing, provides the barrel with increased consistency in repeatedly achieving battery in precisely the same position. Furthermore, the distribution of the stress over significantly more material and away from stress points found within the openings of the link aid in prolonging the usefulness of the link.
The improved barrel link also ensures a consistent and reliable cycling of the barrel upon firing. The added width and additional guiding faces place the barrel battery in a consistent reliable position. Rather than having a wide variance of the position of the barrel in battery with respect to the slide, the barrel is reliably placed in battery with minimal variation.
While there have been described above the principles of the present invention in conjunction with an improved barrel link, it is to be clearly understood that the foregoing description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation to the scope of the invention. Particularly, it is recognized that the teachings of the foregoing disclosure will suggest other modifications to those persons skilled in the relevant art. Such modifications may involve other features that are already known per se and which may be used instead of or in addition to features already described herein. Although claims have been formulated in this application to particular combinations of features, it should be understood that the scope of the disclosure herein also includes any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed either explicitly or implicitly or any generalization or modification thereof which would be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art, whether or not such relates to the same invention as presently claimed in any claim and whether or not it mitigates any or all of the same technical problems as confronted by the present invention. The Applicant hereby reserves the right to formulate new claims to such features and/or combinations of such features during the prosecution of the present application or of any further application derived therefrom.
The present application relates to and claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/939,310 filed May 21, 2007, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes as if fully set forth herein.
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
60939310 | May 2007 | US |