This invention relates to barrier devices for vehicular and vessel traffic control, soil erosion containment, impact attenuation and the like which can be interconnected with one another to define a continuous barrier wall structure and/or connected in various combinations to form energy-absorbing cells, and, more particularly, to barrier devices formed of a light weight plastic having side walls which receive and mount an adjustable external reinforcement structure in the form of a pair of beams each extending along the length of one of the side walls.
A variety of different devices have been developed for absorbing the kinetic energy of impact of colliding automobiles, and for the containment of forces exerted by soil or water. Highway barrier devices, for example, are intended to provide a continuous wall or barrier along the center line of a highway when laid end-to-end to absorb grazing blows from moving vehicles. One commonly used highway barrier is formed of pre-cast reinforced concrete, and is known as the “New Jersey” style barrier. Highway barriers of this type have a relatively wide base including side walls which extend vertically upwardly from the pavement a short distance, then angle inwardly and upwardly to a vertically extending top portion connected to the top wall of the barrier. This design is intended to contact and redirect the wheels of a vehicle in a direction toward the lane of traffic in which the vehicle was originally traveling, instead of the lane of opposing traffic. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,059,362.
One problem with highway barriers of the type described above is the high weight of reinforced concrete. A barrier having a typical length of twelve feet weighs about 2,800-3,200 pounds and requires special equipment to load, unload and handle on site. It has been estimated that for some road repairs up to 40 percent of the total cost is expended on acquiring, delivering and handling concrete barriers. Additionally, concrete barriers have little or no ability to absorb shock upon impact, and have a high friction factor. This increases the damage to vehicles which collide with such barriers, and can lead to serious injuries to passengers of the vehicle.
In an effort to reduce weight, facilitate handling and shipment, and provide improved absorption of impact forces, highway barriers have been designed which are formed of a hollow plastic container filled with water, sand or other ballast material such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,681,302; 4,773,629; 4,846,306, 5,123,773 and 5,882,140. For example, the '302 patent discloses a barrier comprising a container having a top wall, a bottom wall, opposed side walls and opposed end walls interconnected to form a hollow interior which is filled with water, and having fittings for coupling one barrier to another to form a continuous wall. The container structure is formed of a resilient material which is deformable upon impact and capable of resuming its original shape after being struck. Traction spoiler channels are provided to reduce the area of potential impact and thus the tendency of the vehicle to climb the walls of the barrier and vault over it into the opposing lane of traffic.
The '629, '306, '773 and '140 patents noted above represent further advances in deformable highway barrier designs. The first two patents disclose barriers which comprise a longitudinally extending container made of semi-rigid plastic which is self-supporting, and has a predetermined shape which is maintained when filled with water, sand or other ballast material. Such devices are connected end-to-end by a key insertable within grooves formed in the end walls of adjacent barriers. Interconnected fill openings are provided which permit adjacent barriers to be filled with water or the like when laid end-to-end.
The '773 and '140 patents disclose additional improvements in barrier devices including side walls formed with higher curb reveals, a horizontally extending step and vertical indentations in order to assist in maintaining the structural integrity of the container, and to create internal baffles for dampening movement of water or other fluid within the container interior. Interlocking male and female coupling elements are formed on opposite end walls of the barrier to facilitate end-to-end connection thereof. Additionally, such barriers are provided with channels or openings to permit the insertion of the tines of a fork lift truck therein for easy handling of the barriers.
Despite the improvements in highway barrier designs noted above, some deficiencies nevertheless remain. One concern has been with the ability of a wall of barriers, e.g. individual barriers connected end-to-end, to withstand a direct impact by a speeding vehicle. It has been found that plastic barriers tend to separate from one another at their connections, and in some instances break apart in response to a vehicle impact. Although concrete barriers of the type described above also can break apart during a crash, they are more resistant to that than plastic barriers and there is a need for plastic barriers to demonstrate impact resistance capabilities which more closely approximates those of concrete barriers.
This invention is directed to a barrier device comprising a top wall, a bottom wall, opposed end walls and opposed side walls interconnected to form a hollow interior in which a pair of spaced fork lift openings are formed which extend between the side walls. An external reinforcement structure is provided to enhance the structural integrity of the barrier device, including first and second beams each located along one of the side walls which are connected to one another by adjustable mounting structure extending through the openings. The beams of one barrier device, in turn, are connected end-to-end with the beams of an adjacent barrier device to form an essentially continuous, interconnected wall of barriers which resist disengagement from one another and exhibit improved resistance to being broken apart upon impact by a vehicle.
In one presently preferred embodiment of this invention, the external reinforcement structure comprises a first box beam and a second box beam, each generally square in cross section and formed of metal, rubber, composite material or the like. The two box beams are connected to one another by a pair of mounting devices each including a side plate welded to one of the box beams, a base plate extending generally perpendicular to the side plate, and a locking plate oriented generally perpendicular to both the side plate and base plate. The side plate, base plate and locking plate of each mounting device are welded together to form a one-piece, rigid structure. The locking plate connected to one of the beams is formed with a first bore, and the locking plate connected to the other beam is formed with spaced second and third bores.
In order to mount the beams along the side walls of a barrier device, the base plate and locking plate of the mounting device connected to each beam are inserted within the fork lift openings such that the first bore of one locking plate aligns with one of the second and third bores of the other locking plate. A fastener such as a bolt may be inserted through the aligning bores to connect the locking plates together, and thus secure the beams along respective side walls of the barrier device. Depending upon which of the second and third bores is positioned in alignment with the first bore, the lateral spacing between the beams may be varied to accommodate barrier devices of different width.
The structure, operation and advantages of the presently preferred embodiment of this invention will become further apparent upon consideration of the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Referring initially to
When using the barrier device 10 of this invention as a highway barrier, the hollow interior 24 is preferably filled with a “ballast” material such as water or other liquid, or a flowable solid material such as sand, gravel and the like. For this purpose, the walls 12-22 of barrier device 10 have a thickness in the range of about one-eighth inch to one inch so as to perform satisfactorily in service. The barrier device 10 is preferably in the range of about six to eight feet in length, and, at the wall thickness noted above, has a weight when empty of about 80 to 140 lbs. When filled with a liquid such as water, the overall weight of the barrier is in the range of about 1400 to 2200 lbs. Flowable solid material such as sand and the like increase the weight of barrier 10 further.
Both side walls 20, 22 are identical in configuration, and only side wall 20 is described in detail herein it being understood that the side wall 22 is formed with the identical structure and functions in the same manner. The side wall 20 includes a substantially vertical curb reveal 26 which extends from the bottom wall 14 to a horizontally extending ledge or step 28 best shown in
Extending upwardly at an acute angle from the step 28 is an intermediate section 30 which terminates at a vertical upper section 32. The upper section 32, in turn, connects the intermediate section 30 to the top wall 12 of barrier 10 which is formed with a pair of fill holes 33 preferably having a diameter in the range of about 3-4 inches. In the presently preferred embodiment, a number of stabilizers 34 are integrally formed in the intermediate section 30, at regularly spaced intervals between the end walls 16, 18. Each stabilizer 34 includes a base 36 and opposed sides 38 and 40. As best seen in
With reference to
Each end wall 16 of barriers 10 is formed with an internally extending recess 48 near the bottom wall 14, which receives an outwardly protruding extension 52 formed on the end wall 18 of an adjacent barrier 10. The upper portion of end wall 16 is formed with a slot 56, and the upper portion of end wall 18 is formed with a slot 58. Each slot 56, 58 has an inner, generally cylindrical-shaped portion 59 and a narrower, substantially rectangular-shaped portion 61 at their respective end walls 16, 18. The slots 56, 58 extend from the top wall 12 downwardly to a point near the juncture of the upper section 32 and intermediate section 30.
When two barrier devices 10 and 10′ are oriented end-to-end, with the end wall 16 of one barrier 10 abutting the end wall 18′ of an adjacent barrier 10′, the slots 56, 58 collectively form a barbell-shaped locking channel 60 shown in
Additionally, a pair of hollow channels 68 and 70 are located within the hollow interior 24 of barrier device 10 and extend between the side walls 20, 22. A portion of both channels 68, 70 is located in the intermediate section 30 of each side wall 20, 22, and extends partially into the upper sections 32 thereof. The two channels 68, 70 are positioned in the spaces between the three stabilizers 34 formed in the side walls 20, 22, and provide added internal support to the barrier 10 so that it retains its shape when filled with a ballast material. Each of the channels 68 and 70 define a pass-through hole or opening 72 adapted to receive the tines of a forklift truck to permit handling of the barriers 10.
In the presently preferred embodiment, a drain hole 76 is formed along each of the end walls 18 and 20 thereof near the bottom wall 14 to allow passage of water and the like from one side of the barrier device 10 to the other. Water or other flowable material is introduced into the hollow interior 24 of the barrier device 10 via the fill holes 33 formed in top wall 12. These fill holes 33 can also receive the post of a sign or the like (not shown) extendable into the barrier interior 24. As shown in
With reference to
As best shown in
Each of the first mounting devices 94 employed in this invention has the same construction, and comprises a side plate 98, a base plate 100 and a locking plate 102. The side plate 98 has an outwardly tapered portion 101 that transitions to a vertical section 103 which is welded or otherwise permanently connected to a beam 90 at a location in alignment with the opening 68 or to a beam 92 for alignment with the opening 70 in the barrier device 10. The base plate 100 of first mounting device 94 may be integrally formed with, welded or otherwise permanently connected to the side plate 98. It extends generally perpendicular to the side plate 98 and is oriented substantially horizontally when the first mounting device 94 is installed on the barrier device 10. The locking plate 102 is preferably permanently secured by welding or the like to both the side plate 98 and the base plate 100 in an upright, vertical position substantially perpendicular to both plates 98, 100. As such, one of the opposed end edges of the locking plate 102 abuts the side plate 98 and its bottom edge abuts the base plate 100. The locking plate 102 of first mounting device 94 is formed with one column of vertically spaced bores 106, and a second column of vertically spaced bores 110. The columns of bores 106, 110 are laterally spaced from one another, e.g. in a direction between the opposed end edges of the locking plate 102. Preferably, the bores 106 and 110 are elongated in the lateral direction as shown in the Figs.
Each of the second mounting devices 96 has generally the same construction as the first mounting devices 94. As best seen in
Installation of the beams 90, 92 and mounting devices 94, 96 proceeds as follows. The beam 90 is aligned with openings 68 and 70 in the barrier device 10 so that the base plate 100 and locking plate 102 of first mounting device 94 mounted thereto may be inserted within the opening 68. At the same time, the base plate 114 and locking plate 116 of the second mounting device 96 secured to the beam 90 extends into the opening 70 of barrier device 10. The same procedure is followed for beam 92, except, as noted above, the positioning of the mounting devices 94 and 96 along the beam 92 is reversed. Specifically, the base plate 114 and locking plate 116 of second mounting device 96 connected to the beam 92 are inserted into the opposite side of opening 68 from the beam 90, while the base plate 100 and locking plate 102 of first mounting device 94 connected to beam 92 enter the opening 70 in the barrier device 10 opposite the beam 90.
The external reinforcement structure of this invention is characterized as “adjustable” because the first and second mounting devices 94, 96 within each opening 68, 70 in the barrier device 10 can be connected to one another at different lateral locations. Referring to
In the presently preferred embodiment, either before or after the beams 90, 92 are secured along the side walls 20 and 22 of the barrier device 10, and the beams 90′, 92′ are mounted to the side walls 20′, 22′ of barrier device 10′, a bracket 128 may be bolted to the adjacent ends of beams 90, 90′ and 90′, 92′ as shown in
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/977,830 filed Oct. 5, 2007 under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) for all commonly disclosed subject matter, which is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety to form part of the present disclosure, and is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/764,853 filed Jun. 19, 2007, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/082,630 filed Mar. 17, 2005, now U.S. Letters Patent No. 7,351,002 issued Apr. 1, 2008, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/669,998, filed Sep. 24, 2003, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/033,974, filed Dec. 19, 2001, now U.S. Letters Patent No. 6,666,616, issued Dec. 23, 2003.
Number | Date | Country | |
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60977830 | Oct 2007 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11082630 | Mar 2005 | US |
Child | 11764853 | US | |
Parent | 10033974 | Dec 2001 | US |
Child | 10669998 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 11764853 | Jun 2007 | US |
Child | 12245262 | US | |
Parent | 10669998 | Sep 2003 | US |
Child | 11082630 | US |