Patent Application
20190111655
The present invention relates to a base fabric for a disposable textile product which can be used for the manufacture of the disposable textile product, such as a disposable undergarment and diaper. The present invention also relates to the disposable textile product manufactured using the base fabric.
A base fabric for a disposable textile product has been widely used for diaper, hygiene product, and also undergarment, clothing, and bedding that can be used in a makeshift or temporary manner for travel, for an emergency situation, outdoor, in a hospital, facility, and hotel. The base fabric is required to ensure good feeling in wearing when the base fabric product is worn on the body. For example, in the case of diaper, hygiene product, or undergarment, important property which is required for the base fabric includes good body-fit feeling, good contact feeling when in contact with the skin, good air permeability, and good moisture transpiration ability which results in sweat absorption and drying ability (referred to hereinbelow simply as moisture transpiration ability).
In the case of a diaper which is one disposable fabric product, nonwoven fabric material is used most often as the material base fabric with consideration for a function thereof. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a disposable diaper in which an inner pad is attached to a diaper body, wherein the diaper body is configured by inserting an absorbent such as cotton pulp between a liquid-permeable top sheet made of nonwoven fabric and a liquid-impermeable back sheet made of polyethylene, etc., and the inner pad is likewise configured by inserting an absorbent such as cotton pulp between a liquid-permeable top sheet made of nonwoven fabric and a liquid-impermeable back sheet made of polyethylene, etc.
In the case of disposable sleeping garment provided to a guest in a hotel, and the like, it has been suggested to impart a skin care function thereto. For example, Patent Document 2 describes a disposable sleeping garment that is subjected to processing of impregnating or coating a nonwoven base fabric with a lipophilic moisturizer, this processing constituting the skin care function processing.
In Patent Document 1, there is a problem in that although the nonwoven fabric which is used as a material for the liquid-permeable top sheet has air permeability, the moisture transpiration ability thereof is low. Further, in the diaper described in Patent Document 1, although a liquid-impermeable back sheet is used for preventing bodily wastes such as urine from leaking to the outside, this liquid-impermeable back sheet, too, has inherently low moisture transpiration ability. It is generally known that the back sheet in the diaper is also imparted with moisture permeability, but no contribution is made thereby to the improvement of the moisture transpiration ability. Thus, the base fabric material for use in the conventional disposable diaper does not have sufficient moisture transpiration ability, and water vapor formed by sweat, or the like, stays inside the diaper, thereby inevitably causing uncomfortable feeling of sweatiness and stickiness.
Another drawback of the base fabric material used in the conventional disposable diaper is that they have poor heat dissipation ability, which is the ability to dissipate the heat generated from the body to the outside, and the heat accumulated in the diaper creates a discomfort. Also, when wearing the diaper, contact with the fiber material creates an unpleasant skin sensation peculiar to a fiber material, lacking the pleasant cool contact feeling and smoothness such as those inherent to a cotton material, and the refreshing feeling of wearing it is absent. Thus, there is room for improvement in the field of base fabric configuring disposable a textile product.
The drawback of the disposable sleeping garment described in Patent Document 2 is that the base fabric itself does not have a skin care function, and the intended skin care function is imparted by post-processing such as impregnation or coating with the lipophilic moisturizer, and the manufacturing process is complex and costly.
As for the base fabric material for disposable textile product that is in direct contact with the human skin, the base fabric itself is generally required to be flexible and create an overall soft and plump feeling. Further, from the standpoint of appearance and visibility, the base fabric for clothing for traveling, an emergency situation, and outdoor is required to be capable of representing efficiently and effectively a variety of highly aesthetic design, and is also required to include media property such as messaging, promotion, and advertising. In addition, it is also desirable that various function could be imparted thereto according to application.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a base fabric for the disposable textile product that excels in moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and moisture permeability. It is another object of the present invention to provide the disposable textile product that creates excellent feeling in wearing and excels in contact with the skin, moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and moisture permeability by using the base fabric in accordance with the present invention as the base fabric for the disposable textile product.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide the base fabric for the disposable textile product that can efficiently and effectively express a variety of design and message and excels in overall soft and plump feeling, flexibility, and comfort in use while utilizing the texture that is characteristic to the base fabric material itself. Still another object of the present invention is to provide the base fabric for the disposable textile product that makes it possible to impart efficiently and effectively a variety of functions thereto according to the application and is easy to manufacture, and also to provide the disposable textile product utilizing the property of the base fabric.
The base fabric for a disposable textile product in accordance with the present invention is configured of a laminated sheet which has a first fibrous sheet and a second fibrous sheet having air permeability and a fiber material interposed between the first fibrous sheet and the second fibrous sheet and having liquid diffusibility, and in which the first fibrous sheet and the second fibrous sheet and the fiber material are laminated, wherein
the laminated sheet forms a composite layer in which a fiber-constituted layer having the air permeability and a fiber-constituted layer having the liquid diffusibility are laminated;
the laminated sheet has a shirring portion in which an uneven surface is formed by the composite layer; and
elasticity is imparted to the laminated sheet.
An elastic member is provided, as manner for imparting the elasticity to the laminated sheet, between the fiber material and the second fibrous sheet.
The first fibrous sheet and the fiber material are preferably intermittently joined together through the elastic member, and the second fibrous sheet and the fiber material are preferably intermittently joined together.
The first fibrous sheet and the fiber material are preferably joined together with a hot-melt adhesive through the elastic member. The second fibrous sheet and the fiber material are preferably joined together by the hot-melt adhesive.
The elastic member is configured of a plurality of linear elastic body having stretching ability, and the plurality of linear elastic body is disposed at an interval in the width direction of the laminated sheet and joined between the first fibrous sheet and the fiber material.
The linear elastic body may be provided over the entire region or in a partial region inside the laminated sheet.
The base fabric in accordance with the present invention has a configuration in which, in the laminated sheet, a plurality of a shirring portion extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the linear elastic body in a non-tensioned state is formed, and a shirring row is formed in a pattern.
The fiber material preferably has a flexible structure obtained by a mechanical softening process. It is also preferred that the fiber material be subjected to a weakening process.
It is preferred that the first fibrous sheet and the second fibrous sheet be configured of a material having the air permeability and the moisture permeability, and nonwoven fabric is preferably used as such a material.
It is preferred that the fiber material be configured of a material having the liquid diffusibility and liquid permeability, and a paper material is preferably used as such a material.
The disposable textile product in accordance with the present invention is configured using the base fabric for the disposable product which is disclosed hereinabove.
The disposable textile product in accordance with the present invention can be configured as an undergarment, diaper, fitness wear, swimming wear, tube top, room wear, raincoat, or belly band.
The base fabric in accordance with the present invention has excellent moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and moisture permeability, and when the base fabric of the present invention is used for the disposable textile product, good feeling in wearing can be imparted to the product.
The base fabric in accordance with the present invention also has the elasticity and therefore excels in flexibility and contact with the skin. Furthermore, the elasticity enables the production of a free-size product.
The disposable textile product of the present invention is configured using the above-described base fabric, has refreshing feeling in wearing, creates soft feeling in contact with the skin, and demonstrates excellent moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and moisture permeability.
An embodiment of the present invention will be explained hereinbelow with reference to the appended drawing.
As depicted in
The first fibrous sheet 2 and the fiber material 4 are intermittently joined together through the elastic member 5. The second fibrous sheet 3 and the fiber material 4 are preferably intermittently joined together. Adhesive bonding, thermal fusion, and ultrasonic welding can be used as joining manner, but from the standpoint of easiness of operation, adhesive bonding is preferred. The embodiment will be explained hereinbelow with reference to the case in which the adhesive bonding is used as the joining manner.
In adhesive bonding as the joining manner, the hot-melt adhesive is preferably used as the adhesive. The embodiment will be explained hereinbelow with reference to the case in which the hot-melt adhesive is used as the adhesive. In order to join the second fibrous sheet 3 and the fiber material 4 intermittently together by using the hot-melt adhesive, as depicted in
As depicted in
Arranging the elastic member 5 inside the base fabric 1 in the above-described manner is manner for forming the shirring portion 6 constituted by the protrusion 6a and the depression 6b. A linear elastic body 5a having stretching ability is used as the elastic member 5, and a rubber filament can be advantageously used as the linear elastic body 5a. The embodiment will be explained hereinbelow with reference to the case in which the linear elastic body 5a is used as the elastic member 5.
As depicted in
As depicted in
An example of a method for manufacturing the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment by using the rubber filament as the linear elastic body 5a and the hot-melt adhesive as the adhesive will be explained hereinbelow. As will be described below, it is preferred that a paper material be used as the fiber material 4, and it is also preferred that nonwoven fabric be used as the first fibrous sheet 2 and the second fibrous sheet 3. Therefore, the method for manufacturing the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment will be explained hereinbelow with reference to the case in which the paper material is used as the fiber material 4 and the nonwoven fabric is used as the first fibrous sheet 2 and the second fibrous sheet 3. In this case, the nonwoven fabric used as the first fibrous sheet 2 is referred to as the first nonwoven fabric, and the nonwoven fabric used as the second fibrous sheet 3 is referred to as the second nonwoven fabric.
The paper material serving as the fiber material 4 is unwound from a roll wound body. A printed layer 4a (see,
A large number of rubber filament is unwound from the roll wound body onto which a large number of rubber filament has been wound in parallel row. The rubber filament is unwound while being tensioned by a predetermined tension force. The hot-melt adhesive is blown on the unwound rubber filament. In this case, the adhesive is blown continuously over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the rubber filament. The adhesive is also applied to the entire circumferential surface of the rubber filament. Meanwhile, the first nonwoven fabric sheet serving as the first fibrous sheet 2 is unwound from the roll wound body, and the unwound first nonwoven fabric sheet is fed such as to face the joined body sheet. The rubber filament is supplied such that the rubber filament to which the adhesive has been applied in the above-described manner is inserted between the joined body sheet and the first nonwoven fabric sheet. In this case, the rubber filament is supplied between the surface of the paper material of the joined body sheet and the first nonwoven fabric sheet.
The rubber filament passes between the flat roll in a state of being inserted between the surface of the paper material of the joined body sheet and the first nonwoven fabric sheet. The joined body sheet, rubber filament, and first nonwoven fabric sheet are press bonded, laminated, and integrated by the flat roll. Since the first nonwoven fabric sheet and the paper material are joined such that the rubber filament is interposed therebetween, the two are joined intermittently. The laminated sheet 30 is thus manufactured in which the second nonwoven fabric sheet and the paper material are joined together intermittently, and the first nonwoven fabric sheet and the paper material are joined together intermittently. If necessary, the laminated sheet 30 is supplied to the embossing roll and the mechanical softening process is performed. By performing such a process, it is possible to improve further the flexibility of the base fabric 1.
Since the manufactured laminated sheet 30 has a large length, the sheet is cut to obtain a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction (x direction in
The configuration of the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment is explained hereinbelow. Under the effect of the restoring force, the linear elastic body 5a is in the contracted state, that is, non-tensioned state, a large number of the shirring portion 6 extending in the direction (the width direction of the laminated sheet 30 in
The linear elastic body 5a may be provided over the entire region inside the laminated sheet 30 or only in part thereof. The merit of providing the linear elastic body 5a over the entire region inside the laminated sheet 30 is that since uniform elasticity is imparted to the base fabric 1, when the base fabric 1 is used as a cover sheet for disposable pants or paper diaper, it can be reliably held on the body and prevented from slipping down.
The elasticity is imparted to the laminated sheet 30 by the linear elastic body 5a arranged inside the laminated sheet 30. Therefore, where the base fabric 1 constituted by the laminated sheet 30 is pulled by hand in the x direction in
The base fabric 1 can be also configured by laminating two or more laminated sheet 30. Further, the base fabric can be also configured by laminating one or two or more of the laminated sheet 30 with one or two or more other sheet.
The base fabric 1 of the present embodiment can be advantageously used as a material for the disposable textile product and it is useful as a material having excellent property that could not be found in the related art. The disposable textile product using the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment is not limited to a product which is disposed of after a single use and is also inclusive of a product that is used repeatedly in a short period of time according to a usage application and objective. The product that is repeatedly used can withstand several cycle of washing.
The first fibrous sheet 2 and the second fibrous sheet 3 are preferably constituted by a material having the air permeability and the moisture permeability, and the nonwoven fabric is preferably used, as mentioned hereinabove, as the fiber material having such the air permeability and the moisture permeability.
Well-known nonwoven fabric which is generally been used conventionally can be used as the nonwoven fabric in the present embodiment. Thus, the well-known nonwoven fabric having a fiber structure in which the fiber is oriented unidirectionally or randomly and joined by entanglement, fusion, or adhesive bonding can be used. An Example of a fiber material for the nonwoven fabric includes a natural fiber such as vegetable fiber (cellulose polymer) and animal fiber (protein polymer); a purified fiber such as Lyocell and Tencel; a regenerated fiber such as rayon and viscose rayon; a semi-synthetic fiber such as acetate; a synthetic fiber such as nylon and acrylic fiber; and a chemical fiber such as PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), and PET (polyethylene terephthalate). Those fibers may be used individually or in combination of two or more thereof. If necessary, another material may be included.
The nonwoven fabric for use in the first fibrous sheet 2 and the second fibrous sheet 3 can be selected, as appropriate, according to the type or application of the product in which the base fabric 1 is to be used. For example, when the base fabric 1 is used for a garment as the disposable textile product and the first fibrous sheet 2 or the second fibrous sheet 3 comes into contact with the user's body during wearing, it is preferred that the nonwoven fabric capable of demonstrating a function such as flexibility, good feel in contact with the skin, and sweat absorption ability be used as the first fibrous sheet 2 or the second fibrous sheet 3. Meanwhile, when the first fibrous sheet 2 or the second fibrous sheet 3 is used in a state of being positioned on the front surface side of the garment which is not in contact with the user's body, it is preferred that the nonwoven fabric capable of demonstrating a function, for example, waterproofing ability, be used as the first fibrous sheet 2 or the second fibrous sheet 3.
An example of the nonwoven fabric suitable for the first fibrous sheet 2 or the second fibrous sheet 3 includes spunbonded nonwoven fabric, thermally bonded nonwoven fabric, spunlaced nonwoven fabric, dry nonwoven fabric, wet nonwoven fabric, melt-blown nonwoven fabric, chemically bonded nonwoven fabric, needle punched nonwoven fabric, stitch bonded nonwoven fabric, and steam jet nonwoven fabric. Among them, it is preferred that spunbonded nonwoven fabric, thermally bonded nonwoven fabric, and spunlaced nonwoven fabric be used.
The preferred basis weight of the nonwoven fabric used for the first fibrous sheet 2 and the second fibrous sheet 3 is 5 g/m2 to 60 g/m2, more preferably 7 g/m2 to 40 g/m2. The reason why it is preferable to set the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric within those ranges is that where the basis weight is less than 5 g/m2, for example, when the hot-melt adhesive is applied, the hot-melt adhesive can ooze to the nonwoven fabric surface, and where the basis weight exceeds 60 g/m2, a product thickness increases, production efficiency decreases, and packaging operability is degraded. When the basis weight is 7 g/m2 to 40 g/m2, the joining strength can be increased by using a method of joining with the hot-melt adhesive together with a joining method based on thermal sealing or ultrasonic joining.
A material other than the nonwoven fabric can be used for the first fibrous sheet 2 and the second fibrous sheet 3, provided that this material has the air permeability and the moisture permeability. For example, an air-permeable sheet and moisture-permeable sheet made from a synthetic resin can be used.
When the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment is used as a material for disposable garment, as depicted in
It is preferred that the fiber material 4 be from a raw material having the liquid diffusibility and liquid permeability, and it is preferred that the paper material be used, as indicated hereinabove, as such material having the liquid diffusibility and liquid permeability.
A material other than paper material can be used as the fiber material 4 in the present embodiment, provided that it has the liquid diffusibility and liquid permeability. For example, a natural fiber such as kenaf, bamboo fiber, straw, cotton, cocoon filament, and sugarcane can be used. Using the paper material as the fiber material 4 is a preferred mode for carrying out the present embodiment, and the case in which the paper material is used as the fiber material 4 is considered hereinbelow by way of example.
The paper material formed from a material using pulp paper or pulp as a principal material can be used as the paper material. Thus, the paper material manufactured by using pulp as the raw material and employing a papermaking process can be used.
Wood pulp, synthetic pulp, waste paper pulp, etc. can be used as the raw material pulp. Further, a natural fiber such as pulp is not limiting, and a regenerated fiber such as rayon can be also used. Furthermore, the present embodiment can also use a toilet paper material as the raw material pulp. In this case, for example, it is possible to use the raw material pulp constituted by bleached softwood kraft pulp obtained from softwood such as red pine, Yezo spruce, Sakhalin fir, Douglas fir, hemlock, and spruce. It is also possible to use the bleached softwood kraft pulp in combination with hardwood bleached kraft pulp obtained from hardwood such as beech, oak, birch, eucalyptus, oak, poplar, and alder. From the standpoint of problem associated with the manufacturing cost and the easiness of production, it is preferred that the softwood bleached kraft pulp be used alone as the raw material pulp.
When the paper material is formed using pulp as a principal raw material, the blended pulp preferably constitutes 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and most preferably 80% or more. Where the pulp is blended at the abovementioned ratio, the flexibility of the base fabric 1 as a whole can be increased and production efficiency during the manufacture can be increased. Further, by increasing the pump blending ratio, it is possible to facilitate the decomposition of the waste in the soil, or the like, after the disposal. Therefore, the environmental load can be further reduced and concern for the environment can be raised. It is preferred that a paper sheet with good disintegrability in water be used as the paper material. It is also preferred that the paper material constituting the fiber material 4 have a single-layer configuration constituted by a single paper sheet, but it may also have a multilayer configuration constituted by a stack of a plurality of paper sheet. In the case of a multilayer configuration, the layer may be of the same or different material and may have the same or different thickness. The paper material constituting the fiber material 4 may be obtained by blending the pulp with nonwoven fabric. For example, a material obtained by blending the pulp with spunlaced nonwoven fabric or by blending the pulp with air-laid nonwoven fabric can be used as the paper material.
The basis weight of the paper material constituting the fiber material 4 is preferably 7 g/m2 to 50 g/m2. Where the basis weight is less than 7 g/m2, good feeling in wearing is difficult to achieve when wearing the disposable textile product constituted by the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment. Further, sufficient moisture transpiration performance and heat radiation performance is difficult to impart to the product. In addition, the strength of the base fabric 1 is insufficient. Meanwhile, where the basis weight exceeds 50 g/m2, the base fabric thickness is increased, the feeling in wearing is degraded and the moisture transpiration performance and heat radiation performance are degraded. Further, since the product thickness increases, packaging of the product is made difficult. It is more preferred that the basis weight of the paper material be 10 g/m2 to 30 g/m2.
Colored paper can also be used as the paper material constituting the fiber material 4. With such a configuration, it is possible to provide a highly aesthetic base fabric 1.
It is preferred that the paper material constituting the fiber material 4 be imparted with the flexible structure by the mechanical softening process. The embossing process can be used as the mechanical softening process. A pair of embossing roll in which a large number of the projection is formed on the roll surface can be used in the embossing process. Where the embossing process is performed using the embossing roll, a large number of fine hole is formed in the paper material and, at the same time, the paper structure is weakened and the paper material is imparted with the flexibility. The hole may be of a round, linear, or slit-like shape. The paper material can be likewise imparted with the flexibility by providing a rough surface formed by a large number of protrusion and depression, without opening the hole in the paper material.
The embossing roll which is used in the embossing process is not limited to the roll provided with the projection, and a pair of the flat roll having the smooth roll surface without the projection may be also used. The paper structure is weakened by passing the paper material between the flat roll and applying pressure by the roll. Thus, the paper structure is weakened by a pressurizing force applied between the roll, without using a perforation process. The embossing process for imparting the paper material with the flexible structure can be also performed by combining the embossing process with the embossing roll having the projection on the roll surface with the embossing process using the flat roll.
As a result of imparting the paper material with the flexible structure in the above-described manner, the entire base fabric 1 becomes rich in the flexibility, and the feeling in wearing of the disposable textile product configured from such the base fabric 1 can be improved. Thus, the user has a sense of satisfaction created by soft feeling in wearing, without feeling discomfort due to the fact that the paper material is used as the material for the product.
A following effect results from imparting the paper material with the flexible structure. Thus, where the paper material serving as the fiber material 4 has the flexible structure, the entire laminated sheet 30 has the flexible structure and, therefore, can be easily deformed. For this reason, when the shirring portion 6 is formed by shrinkage stress of the linear elastic body 5a, the laminated sheet 30 is easily deformed, and the shirring portion 6 with a uniform shape of the protrusion 6a and the depression 6b can be formed. As a result of forming the shirring portion 6 with the uniform shape of the protrusion 6a and the depression 6b, the entire base fabric 1 increases in the flexibility, and the disposable textile product configured from the base fabric 1 can give much softer feeling in wearing to the user. Further, as a result of imparting the paper material with the flexibility, the base fabric 1 can create overall soft and plump feeling.
As will be indicated hereinbelow, the weakening process for the paper structure by the embossing process also imparts the base fabric 1 with even better moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and the moisture permeability.
As indicated hereinabove, it is preferred that the second fibrous sheet 3 and the fiber material 4 be joined by using the hot-melt adhesive. A suitable example of the hot-melt adhesive includes an adhesive based on EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PO (polyolefins), PA (polyamides), SR (silicone synthetic rubber), ACR (acryl), and PUR (polyurethane humid-air-curable), and such adhesive can be used individually or in combination of two or more thereof. In addition to the hot-melt adhesive, an organic solvent-based adhesive and a water-soluble adhesive can be used for joining the second fibrous sheet 3 and the fiber material 4.
The second fibrous sheet 3 and the fiber material 4 can be joined by applying the adhesive over a front contact surface thereof, but the above-described intermittent application is preferred. The advantage of the intermittent application over the full-surface application is that the base fabric 1 becomes flexible and the moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and the moisture permeability of the base fabric 1 are improved. A method for the intermittent application of the adhesive can involve linear, spot-like, stripe-like, spiral, block, and pattern application, and such method can be used individually or in combination of a plurality thereof.
As a result of the intermittent application of the adhesive, the non-adhesive portion 8 is formed between the second fibrous sheet 3 and the fiber material 4. The surface area ratio of the non-adhesive portion 8 is preferably 5% to 85%, more preferably 10% to 80%, and even more preferably 30% to 75% with respect to the surface area of the second fibrous sheet 3. Where the surface area ratio of the non-adhesive portion 8 is within such range, the base fabric 1 demonstrates excellent flexibility, moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and the moisture permeability, and also excellent overall soft and plump feeling of the base fabric 1 can be realized. As a result, an applied amount of the adhesive may be only that necessary for obtaining a predetermined bonding strength, and it is preferred that the applied amount be as small as possible.
As mentioned hereinabove, the linear elastic body 5a is disposed such that the extension direction of the filament thereof is the same as the longitudinal direction (x direction in
Thus, a possible arrangement mode of the linear elastic body 5a includes a parallel arrangement of a straight linear elastic body 5a as depicted in
The linear elastic body 5a can be joined between the first fibrous sheet 2 and the fiber material 4 by joining the linear elastic body 5a between the first fibrous sheet 2 and the fiber material 4 with an adhesive applied to the linear elastic body 5a, or the linear elastic body 5a can be joined between the first fibrous sheet 2 and the fiber material 4 with an adhesive applied to the first fibrous sheet 2 and the fiber material 4. An adhesive same as the above-described adhesive used for joining the second fibrous sheet 3 and the fiber material 4 can be used for joining the linear elastic body. It is preferred that the hot-melt adhesive be used as the adhesive.
The hot-melt adhesive is applied by spraying on the circumferential surface of the linear elastic body 5a, and the applied hot-melt adhesive acts to join the first fibrous sheet 2, the fiber material 4, and the linear elastic body 5a in a state in which the linear elastic body is inserted between the first fibrous sheet and the fiber material. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply the hot-melt adhesive to the first fibrous sheet 2 and the fiber material 4. The adhesive may be also applied to the opposing surface of the first fibrous sheet 2 and the fiber material 4 that is to be in contact with the linear elastic body 5a, instead of applying the adhesive to the linear elastic body 5a.
As indicated hereinabove, the first fibrous sheet 2, the fiber material 4, and the linear elastic body 5a are joined together in a state in which the linear elastic body is inserted between the first fibrous sheet and fiber material by using the hot-melt adhesive which has been applied by spraying to the circumferential surface of the linear elastic body 5a. However, in the joined state, part of the hot-melt adhesive penetrates into the layer of the fiber material 4, and an adhesive permeation portion Z is formed, as depicted in
A problem associated with the base fabric for the conventional disposable textile product is that when nonwoven fabric is joined together by an adhesive, the adhesive oozes to the base fabric surface through a gap between the fiber of the nonwoven fabric. By contrast, in the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment, since the composite layer 31 is formed and the fiber material 4 is included in the composite layer 31, the adhesive can be prevented from oozing to the base fabric surface as a result of the adhesive penetrating into the fiber material 4.
As indicated hereinabove, in the process for manufacturing the base fabric 1, the laminated sheet 30 which is manufactured in a continuous mode is cut to obtain a product of a predetermined length. Because of the large length, the cutting is performed such as to obtain the predetermined length in the longitudinal direction (x direction in
A thickness of the base fabric 1 can be arbitrarily set, and a thin base fabric can be formed. When the base fabric of the small thickness is formed, the air permeability and water permeability of the disposable textile product configured using the base fabric 1 can be improved and good feeling in wearing can be ensured.
When the paper material is used as the fiber material 4, the printed layer 4a can be formed, as necessary in the paper material, as depicted in
The picture can be printed on the paper material serving as the fiber material 4, for example, by ink-jet printing, flexographic printing, and gravure printing. The surface of the printed layer 4a may be subjected to a varnishing and discoloration prevention process, or a binder may be applied thereto. An example of the binder includes a well-known material such as PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), acryl, and lacquer. An ink subjected to the discoloration preventing process can be also used.
It is preferred that the printed layer 4a be formed by flexographic printing. The advantage of the flexographic printing method is that the contact surface area between the plate and paper material can be small and a low pressure is applied during printing. Therefore, the paper material can be easily peeled off from the plate. Such a method is particularly advantageous for forming the printed layer 4a when the thickness of the paper material is small. Further, a large number of various type of ink can be used in the flexographic printing, and in this respect, the process is less affected by the ink viscosity than the ink-jet printing process in which the ink is discharged through a nozzle or the like. Where a picture is represented on the printed layer 4a, the picture which is to be printed by a plate can be printed as a picture of an elongated design according to the state in which the laminated sheet 30 is stretched in the extension/contraction direction (x direction in
A three-dimensional picture can be displayed on the printed layer 4a by forming a plurality of depression or protrusion on the paper material by the embossing process, and a picture of design that differs depending on the angle of view can be represented. Further, as depicted in
Since the printed layer 4a is visible from the outside through the second fibrous sheet 3, various design or message can be efficiently and effectively represented on the base fabric 1. For the printed layer 4a to be accurately recognizable from the outside and to provide the product with high aesthetic property, it is preferred to use the nonwoven fabric as the second fibrous sheet 3.
In the disposable textile product configured using the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment, when a sweat 300 adheres to the skin 200, as depicted in
A variety of additive can be added to the base fabric 1 according to the property of the product when the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment is used in the disposable textile product. An example of the additive added to the base fabric 1 includes a deodorant, insect repellant, fragrance, waterproofing agent, antifouling agent, antibacterial agent, and softener, and those agents can be used individually, or in combination of two or more thereof. When added to the base fabric 1, the additive may be added to any one of the first fibrous sheet 2, the second fibrous sheet 3, and the fiber material 4, or may be added to two or more thereof. The addition may be made by applying the additive to the surface of the first fibrous sheet 2, the second fibrous sheet 3, and the fiber material 4. When the additive is added to the first fibrous sheet 2 and the second fibrous sheet 3, the additive may be kneaded in advance with the fiber which will constitute those sheets. In the case of addition to the paper material serving as the fiber material 4, the additive may be added in advance to water in the papermaking process for manufacturing the paper, thereby including the additive into the paper. Further, when the printed layer 4a is formed on the base fabric 1, the additive may be mixed in advance with the printing ink, and the printing ink including the additive may be printed.
A specific example of the deodorant includes catechin, epigallocatechin, gallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate, gallotannin, and ellagitannin which are extracts from plants, such as catechin and tannin; iron-ascorbic acid chelate compound; zirconium hydroxide; hydroxides of lanthanoid; salts of metal such as Zn, Cu, and Fe (for example, ZnSO4). An example of the deodorant having an adsorptive action includes activated carbon; zeolite; silica; ceramic; Oya tuff stone; charcoal polymer; carbon nanotube; carbon nanohorn; organic acid such as citric acid and succinic acid; inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid, boric acid, and phosphoric acid; ion exchanger; anion, ammonia, amine, alkene, alkyne, a nucleophilic agent such as an aromatic compound; cation, boron fluoride, aluminum chloride, iron bromide, zinc chloride, and an electrophilic agent such as acetone. Those deodorants may be used individually or in combination of two or more thereof.
A specific example of insect repellant includes N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), dipropyl pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylate, pyrethrin, dimethyl phthalate, 2,3:4,5-bis(2-butylene)tetrahydrofurfural, citronella, geraniol, lemon grass oil (essential oil), eugenol, p-menthane-3,8-diol, ethyl butyl acetyl aminopropionate, 1-piperidine carboxylic acid, 2-(2-hydroxy ethyl)-ester, and 1-methyl propyl-ester. In addition, natural plant essential oil, citronella oil, lemon grass oil, cinnamon oil, eucalyptus oil, clove oil, cinnamon oil, lemon eucalyptus oil, Hiba oil, lavender oil, orange oil, grapefruit oil, cedarwood oil, geranium oil, thyme white oil, and peppermint oil can be used as insect repellants. Furthermore, an essential oil including a component such as citronellal, citronellol, citral, linalool, dihydrolinalool, tetrahydrolinalool, dehydrolinalool, terpineol, menthol, menthane, p-menthane-3,8-diol, camphene, methyl salicylate, pinene, limonene, geraniol, borneol, and geranyl formate can be used as insect repellants. Those insect repellants may be used individually or in combination of two or more thereof.
A specific example of perfume includes (plant) an essential oil of fruit such as orange, lemon, lime, and peach; flower such as rose and lavender; and mint and sandalwood. An aromatic component is usually oil-based or soluble in water or alcohol. An example of oil-based perfume includes phenyl ethyl alcohol, linalool, jasmone, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, α-linemon, α-pinene, bromostyrene, citronellal, chloral, terpineol, menthol, and cinnamic acid. Those perfumes may be used individually or in combination of two or more thereof.
A carbendazim derivative with antimicrobial property, etc. can be used as the antibacterial agent.
An example of a suitable antifouling agent and softener includes a cationic surfactant such as alkylated quaternary ammonium salts which are widely used as a hair rinse and fabric softener. An example of such cationic surfactant includes dicocoyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. Glycerin, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and liquid paraffin can be also used as the antifouling agent and softener. Those antifouling agents and softeners may be used individually or in combination of two or more thereof.
The base fabric 1 of the present embodiment is used as a material for the disposable textile product, and it is particularly beneficial when used as a constituent material of disposable undergarment such as disposable pants and disposable diaper.
Another example of the disposable textile product that can be configured using the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment includes an undergarment or a T-shirt 100 such as depicted in
The base fabric 1 of the present embodiment can be also used as a constituent material for a diaper bag for storing used diaper, various sanitary item for women, various disposable garment to be used in camping and outdoor activity, cooling or warming scarf, towel, and disposable clothing, bedding, long pants, bra, shorts, bathrobe, leg warmer, headband, hair band, massage clothes, and nursing clothing to be provided to patient and customer in a hospital, hotel, and the like.
As indicated hereinabove, the undergarment 10 depicted in
The operation effect of the base fabric of the present embodiment configured in the above-described manner and the disposable textile product configured by using the base fabric of the present embodiment will be explained hereinbelow. Since the shirring portion 6 is formed on the laminated sheet 30 in the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment, the operation effect is such that the base fabric is soft in contact with the skin and the base fabric as a whole demonstrates the flexibility.
Further, the laminated sheet 30 includes the first fibrous sheet 2 having the air permeability, the second fibrous sheet 3 likewise having the air permeability, and the fiber material 4 having the liquid diffusibility as laminated constituent material. In such a configuration, the fiber layer having the air permeability and the fiber layer having the liquid diffusibility are present adjacently to each other. The composite layer 31 in which the fiber layer having the air permeability and the fiber layer having the liquid diffusibility are laminated adjacently to each other is formed in the laminated sheet 30. When the disposable textile product constituted by the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment is worn, for example, such that the first fibrous sheet 2 is in contact with the skin of the body, the sweat generated by the body is absorbed in the layer of the fiber material 4 through the first fibrous sheet 2, and the sweat is diffused inside the layer of the fiber material 4. The sweat which has diffused and widely dispersed inside the layer is transpired to the outside through the second fibrous sheet 3. Therefore, the transpiration of the sweat is performed efficiently and no sweat is locally retained in a region which is in contact with the base fabric.
Thus, since the air-permeable functional layer and the liquid-diffusible functional layer are present adjacently to each other in the composite layer 31 in the laminated sheet 30, the air-permeable functional layer and the liquid-diffusible functional layer interact, and the sweat transpiration efficiency is greatly increased by this interaction. Thus, since moisture passage in the air-permeable functional layer and moisture passage in the liquid-diffusible functional layer are arranged continuously and adjacently to each other, a very high efficiency of sweat absorption and drying is obtained. Further, since the shirring portion 6 formed on the laminated sheet 30 is configured to have a structure in which the uneven surface is formed by the composite layer 31, the air-permeable functional layer and the liquid-diffusible functional layer in the composite layer 31 are of an uneven shape, thereby ensuring a large surface area. As a result, the efficiency of sweat transpiration from the composite layer 31 is greatly increased.
The base fabric 1 of the present embodiment excels in heat dissipation ability and can efficiently dissipate the heat emanating from the body. The heat emanating from the body is transferred through the first fibrous sheet 2 to the layer of the fiber material 4, and this heat is diffused in the layer of the fiber material 4. The fiber material 4 has the liquid diffusibility, and because of the liquid diffusibility, the fiber material at the same time exhibits also heat diffusion ability. The heat which has diffused and widely dispersed in the layer is dissipated to the outside through the second fibrous sheet 3. Therefore, the heat is efficiently dissipated and no heat is retained between the body and the base fabric 1. Such excellent heat dissipation ability can be demonstrated in the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment because, in the same manner as in the above-described sweat transpiration action, the laminated sheet 30 has the composite layer 31 in which the fiber layer having the air permeability and the fiber layer having the liquid diffusibility are laminated adjacently to each other and the air-permeable functional layer and the liquid-diffusible function layer interact with each other in the composite layer 31.
The base fabric 1 of the present embodiment is also excellent in the moisture permeability. In a composite sheet formed by laminating a plurality of constituent material, the moisture permeability generally tends to decrease with the increase in the number of constituent layer. In the present embodiment, the material layer, namely, the fiber material 4, is added and therefore the number of constituent layer is increased by comparison with that in the usual laminate obtained by laminating two fibrous sheet. However, no decrease in the moisture permeability can be found in the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment as compared with the conventional product with good moisture permeability, and the same moisture permeability can be demonstrated as in the conventional product with good moisture permeability. The possibility of maintaining good moisture permeability despite the increase in the number of constituent layer can be said to be a specific effect of the present embodiment. The possibility of exhibiting such an effect can be attributed to the above-described configuration in which the laminated sheet 30 has the composite layer 31 in which the fiber layer having the air permeability and the fiber layer having the liquid diffusibility are laminated adjacently to each other, and the air-permeable functional layer and the liquid-diffusible function layer interact with each other in the composite layer 31.
When the fiber material 4 is the paper material in the base fabric 1 of the present embodiment, wherein the weakening process for the paper structure is performed by the embossing process of the paper material in the above-described manner, then the interaction of the air-permeable functional layer and the liquid-diffusible function layer can be greatly increased, and the moisture transpiration ability, heat dissipation ability, and the moisture permeability can be further improved.
Further, by performing printing on the base fabric 1 as an embodiment of the present embodiment, it is possible to represent a variety of design or message in an efficient and effective manner. The base fabric 1 of the embodiment excels in the overall soft and plump feeling and also in the flexibility and can efficiently and effectively impart a variety of function, while utilizing the texture that is characteristic to the base fabric material itself. Another advantage of the base fabric 1 of the present invention is that it can be manufactured easily and at a low cost.
The present embodiment will be explained hereinbelow in greater detail with reference to a specific example of the stretchable composite sheet which is used in the present embodiment.
A spunbonded nonwoven fabric was used as the air-permeable sheet, paper with a pulp content of 100% (sheet of paper for toilet paper: basis weight of 18 g/m2) without printing was used as the liquid-diffusible fiber sheet, and urethane rubber having a diameter of 620 decitex was used as the linear elastic body. A sheet material with a total basis weight of 38 g/m2 which was obtained by bonding the paper and urethane rubber with the hot-melt adhesive (total basis weight of the hot melt adhesive: 1.2 g/m2) between two of the nonwoven fabric was taken as Example 1.
A sheet material with the total basis weight of 20 g/m2 which was obtained by using the nonwoven fabric and urethane rubber same as in Example 1, inserting the urethane rubber between each of the nonwoven fabric and bonding same with the hot-melt adhesive (total basis weight of the hot melt adhesive: 1.2 g/m2) was taken as Comparative Example 1.
A conventional sheet material with the total basis weight of 24 g/m2 which was obtained by using a spunbonded nonwoven fabric on a front surface and a rear surface and inserting the urethane rubber having the diameter of 620 decitex between each of the nonwoven fabric was taken as Comparative Example 2.
The conventional sheet material with the total basis weight of 22 g/m2 which was obtained by using a thermally bonded nonwoven fabric on the front surface and rear surface and inserting the urethane rubber having the diameter of 620 decitex between each of the nonwoven fabric was taken as Comparative Example 3.
Another conventional sheet material with the total basis weight of 22 g/m2 which was obtained by using the thermally bonded nonwoven fabric on the front surface and rear surface and inserting the urethane rubber having the diameter of 620 decitex between each of the nonwoven fabric was taken as Comparative Example 4.
The conventional sheet material with the total basis weight of 20 g/m2 which was obtained by using the thermally bonded nonwoven fabric on the front surface and rear surface and inserting the urethane rubber having the diameter of 620 decitex between each of the nonwoven fabric was taken as Comparative Example 5.
Initially, moisture absorption and quick drying ability (transpiration ability) and the moisture permeability of the sheet material of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 to 5 was evaluated.
The moisture absorption and quick drying ability was evaluated by combined evaluation of moisture-absorbing ability and quick drying ability by performing a transpiration (II) test (Boken standard BQEA028).
A testpiece with a diameter of about 9 cm was fabricated with respect to the sheet material of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 to 5, and a mass (W) of each testpiece and a petri dish was measured. Then, 0.1 mL of water was dropped on the dish, the testpiece was placed thereon, and a mass (W0) was measured. The dish with the specimen was allowed to stay in a standard state (20° C., humidity 65% RH), and a mass (Wt) was measured after each predetermined interval of time (5 min, 10 min, and then after every 10 min up to 60 min). A transpiration rate (%) for each predetermined period of time was then calculated from the measured mass W, W0, Wt by using a following Equation (1).
Transpiration rate (%)={(W0−Wt)/(W0−W)}×100 (1)
Results are shown in Table 1.
The result on the transpiration rate which are shown in Table 1 clearly indicates that in Comparative Example 3 to 5, the transpiration rate is 20% or less even after 60 min, and in Comparative Example 1 and 2, the transpiration rate is less than 20% after 20 min and 40% or less even after 60 min, whereas in Example 1, the transpiration rate exceeds 20% after 10 min, the transpiration rate exceeds 40% after 20 min, and then the transpiration rate exceeds 60% after 30 min, the transpiration rate exceeds 75% after 40 min, the transpiration rate exceeds 85% after 50 min, and the transpiration rate exceeds 90% after 60 min.
In the Boken standard BQEA028, as a measure of the evaluation, the preferred transpiration rate after 20 min from a start of the test is to be of 50% (inclusive) to 40% (inclusive) for a knitted product in the case of a sports application, and 40% (inclusive) to 30% (inclusive) for a knitted product in the case of a general application.
Therefore, since the sheet material of Example 1 makes it possible to obtain a transpiration rate of 40% or higher, it can be said that such material can be comfortably worn both in sports application and general application.
It follows from the above, that the disposable garment of the present embodiment that uses the sheet material of Example 1 has a very high moisture absorption and quick drying ability (transpiration ability).
The moisture permeability was then tested by the A-1 method (calcium chloride method) of JIS-L1099 (2012), and the moisture permeability (g/m2·h) was determined and evaluated.
The moisture permeability is defined as a value obtained by calculating a mass (g) of water vapor permeating through the textile product per 1 m2×1 h of the textile product under standard temperature and humidity.
A testpiece was sampled from the sheet material of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 to 5 according to JISL0105 (6.3) (Cloth-like sample and the testpiece thereof)
A device and material such as a moisture-permeable cup, a thermostat-hygrostat, a round plate, and a moisture absorbent corresponding to the calcium chloride method were prepared and the test was performed.
Initially, about 33 g of the moisture absorbent was placed in the moisture-permeable cup which was warmed up to about 40° C., the moisture-permeable cup was vibrated to obtain a uniform material, the surface was leveled with a spatula, and a distance between the moisture absorbent and a lower surface of the testpiece was adjusted to 3 mm by using the round plate.
Then, three of the testpiece with a diameter of about 70 mm were sampled according to JISL0105 (6.3) (cloth-like sample and the testpiece thereof) with respect to the sheet material of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 to 5.
Each testpiece was placed to be concentric with the moisture-permeable cup, such that the surface of the testpiece faced the moisture absorbent, a packing and a ring were successively mounted and fixed with a wing nut, and a mounting-side surface was sealed with a vinyl pressure-sensitive adhesive tape to form a test sample. The test sample was placed at a location inside the thermostat-hygrostat with a temperature of 40° C.±2° C. and a humidity (90±5)% RH, such that the air speed about 10 mm above the testpiece did not exceed 0.8 m/s. The test sample was taken out after 1 h and a mass (a1) was immediately measured with an accuracy up to 1 mg. After the measurement, the test sample was again placed at the same location in the thermostat-hygrostat, the test sample was taken out after 1 h, and a mass (a2) was immediately measured with an accuracy up to 1 mg. The moisture permeability PA1 (g/m2·h) was then calculated from the measured mass a1 and a2 by using a following Equation (2).
Moisture permeability PA1 (g/m2·h)=(a2−a1)/SA1 (2)
In Equation (2), a2−a1 is the change amount (g/h) of a mass of the test sample per 1 h, and SA1 is the moisture permeation area (m2).
The test result was rounded to an integer by a three mean value method stipulated by JISZ8401 (Rounding method). The obtained result is shown in Table 2.
The result relating to the moisture permeability which is shown in Table 2 clearly indicates that the moisture permeability is 500 g/m2·h or less in Comparative Example 2, 3, and 5, 563 g/m2·h in Comparative Example 1, and 526 g/m2·h in Comparative Example 4. Meanwhile, in Example 1, the moisture permeability is 564 g/m2·h which is higher than in the comparative example.
It follows from the above that the functional base fabric material of the present embodiment is highly stable and has good moisture permeability.
The moisture permeability evaluation result and transpiration evaluation result after 20 min and 60 min are shown in Table 3 with respect to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 to 5.
The moisture permeability evaluation result and transpiration evaluation result shown in Table 3 clearly demonstrate that the functional base fabric material of the present embodiment which is represented by Example 1 is superior to the functional base fabric material of Comparative Example 1 to 5 in both the moisture permeability and the transpiration ability and makes it possible to obtain higher moisture permeability and transpiration rate.
The result presented hereinabove clearly demonstrates the effect of the functional base fabric material for a disposable product and of the disposable fabric product in accordance with the present embodiment.
It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and is inclusive of all embodiment making it possible to attain the object of the present invention.
Cool contact feeling (cool feeling) and wet contact cold feeling (stickiness during perspiration) of the sheet material in which paper is interposed between each of the nonwoven fabric and a sheet material in which no paper is interposed between each of the nonwoven fabric were then tested.
The sheet material was prepared by using the nonwoven fabric, paper, hot-melt adhesive, and urethane rubber similar to those of Example 1. The paper used in Example 2 and 3 was subjected to the embossing process the number of cycles shown in Table 4, by using the pair of the flat roll. The basis weight of the paper used, the total basis weight of the hot-melt adhesive, and the total basis weight of the sheet material are all shown in Table 4. The cool contact feeling and wet contact hot feeling were measured by the below-described method with respect to the sheet material. A value of the cool contact feeling, wet contact cold feeling, and the ratio of the cool contact feeling and wet contact cold feeling [(cool contact feeling)/(wet contact cold feeling)] is shown in Table 5.
Cool contact feeling: the cool contact feeling represents the degree of sensation of cooling and refreshing in wearing, and it was measured by the following method by using a precision rapid thermal physical property measurement device (KES-F7 Thermolab II, manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.).
The testpiece (6 cm×6 cm) cut out from the sheet material was placed on a base plate at a temperature of 20° C. A hot plate equipped with a precision thermal sensor was heated to 40° C., the hot plate was placed on the testpiece at 20° C., and the cool contact feeling value (qmax) was calculated from the heat dissipation behavior measured with the thermal sensor of the hot plate.
Wet contact cold feeling: the wet contact cold feeling represents the degree of sticky feeling when sweating, and it was measured by the following method by using the precision rapid thermal physical property measurement device (KES-F7 Thermolab II, manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.).
The testpiece (6 cm×6 cm) cut out from the sheet material was caused to absorb water at 80 g/m2, and the resultant testpiece carrying water was placed on the base plate at a temperature of 20° C. The hot plate equipped with a precision thermal sensor was heated to 40° C., the hot plate was placed on the testpiece at 20° C., and the wet contact cold feeling value (wet-qmax) was calculated from the heat dissipation behavior measured with the thermal sensor of the hot plate.
The cool contact feeling and wet contact cold feeling were tested in the same manner as in Example 2 to 5 by using the sheet material similar to that of Comparative Example 2. The result is shown in Table 5.
The cool contact feeling and wet contact cold feeling were tested in the same manner as in Example 2 to 5 by using the sheet material similar to that of Comparative Example 4. The result is shown in Table 5.
The cool contact feeling and wet contact cold feeling were tested in the same manner as in Example 2 to 5 by using the sheet material similar to that of Comparative Example 3. The result is shown in Table 5.
The cool contact feeling and wet contact cold feeling were tested in the same manner as in Example 2 to 5 by using the sheet material similar to that of Comparative Example 5. The result is shown in Table 5.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015-097780 | May 2015 | JP | national |
| 2015-123315 | Jun 2015 | JP | national |
| 2015-157776 | Aug 2015 | JP | national |
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/168,624, filed on May 31, 2016, which is a continuation of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2015/082637, filed on Nov. 13, 2015, and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/205,936, filed on Aug. 17, 2015, Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-097780, filed on May 12, 2015, Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-123315, filed on Jun. 18, 2015, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-157776, filed on Aug. 7, 2015, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62205936 | Aug 2015 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15168624 | May 2016 | US |
| Child | 16190273 | US | |
| Parent | PCT/JP2015/082637 | Nov 2015 | US |
| Child | 15168624 | US |
