Patent Application
20230307781
This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210101795.X, filed on Jan. 27, 2022, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a battery apparatus, a method for controlling a battery apparatus to exhaust gas, and an energy storage device.
With rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, because a battery serves as one of the most important parts in an entire new energy vehicle, security of the battery is extremely important. Currently, in a process of assembling a new energy vehicle, the battery is extremely safe due to protection of a vehicle manufacturer. However, cases such as a short circuit, a heavy stroke of external force, and an excessively high ambient temperature inevitably occur in the battery. As a result, the battery is damaged and a danger is caused. Existing batteries such as a lithium battery and a nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) battery are used as examples. If cases such as a short circuit, a heavy stroke of external force, and an excessively high ambient temperature occur in the batteries, each of the batteries generates a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas. If the battery cannot exhaust, to the outside in time, the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas generated inside, the battery may have a risk of explosion. This not only causes an economic loss to a user, but also even endangers the user’s life safety.
To resolve the foregoing problem, embodiments of this application provide a battery apparatus, a method for controlling a battery apparatus to exhaust gas, and an energy storage device. An isolation baffle is disposed inside a protection housing, to isolate the inside of the protection housing into two interconnected regions. Exhaust assemblies are disposed outside the protection housing and respectively communicate with the two regions. When parts such as a temperature sensor and a gas sensor detect that a battery module exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside, the exhaust assembly in one region may be controlled to inhale gas, and the exhaust assembly in the other region may be controlled to exhaust gas, so that an air flow is formed in the two regions. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas exhausted by the battery module is exhausted, and heat inside the protection housing is taken away, thereby reducing a risk of explosion of the battery module.
Therefore, the following technical solutions are used in the embodiments of this application.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a battery apparatus, including: a protection housing, where at least one battery module is disposed in the protection housing; at least one first exhaust assembly disposed on the protection housing; at least one second exhaust assembly disposed on the protection housing; and a control unit, configured to control the at least one first exhaust assembly to be in a first state and the at least one second exhaust assembly to be in a second state, or control the at least one first exhaust assembly to be in the second state and the at least one second exhaust assembly to be in the first state. The first state is that gas outside the protection housing is inhaled/injected into the protection housing, and the second state is that gas inside the protection housing is exhausted to the outside of the protection housing, to exhaust, out of the battery apparatus, a high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the at least one battery module, and take away heat inside the protection housing.
In this implementation, two types of exhaust assemblies are disposed on the protection housing in the battery apparatus. One type of exhaust assembly is controlled to inhale gas, and the other type of exhaust assembly is controlled to exhaust gas, so that an air flow is formed in two regions. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas exhausted by the battery module inside the protection housing is taken out of the protection housing, and heat inside the protection housing is taken away, thereby reducing a risk of explosion of the battery module.
In an implementation, the apparatus further includes an isolation baffle, where the isolation baffle is fastened inside the protection housing, and divides the protection housing into a first region and a second region. The first region communicates with the second region. The at least one first exhaust assembly communicates with the second region, and the at least one second exhaust assembly communicates with the first region.
In this implementation, the isolation baffle is added to the inside of the protection housing to divide the inside of the protection housing into two regions. One region communicates with one type of exhaust assembly, and the other region communicates with the other type of exhaust assembly. Therefore, a flow path of gas becomes longer. This helps the exhaust assembly rapidly reduce an amount of gas inside the battery apparatus and rapidly reduce a concentration of the flammable gas exhausted by the battery module.
In an implementation, each battery module passes through and is fastened to the isolation baffle. One part of each battery module is in the first region, and the other part of each battery module is in the second region.
In this implementation, each battery module is enabled to pass through and to be fastened to the isolation baffle. One part of each battery module is enabled to be in one region, and the other part is enabled to be in the other region, so that heat in the battery module is dissipated based on a region. This helps the exhaust assembly rapidly reduces an amount of gas inside the battery apparatus.
In an implementation, the apparatus further includes at least one temperature sensor that is disposed inside the protection housing and/or inside the at least one battery module and that is configured to detect a temperature inside the protection housing and a temperature inside the battery module. The control unit is configured to receive a temperature value detected by the at least one temperature sensor, determine whether the temperature value is greater than a specified threshold, and when the temperature value is greater than the specified threshold, control the at least one first exhaust assembly to be in the first state and the at least one second exhaust assembly to be in the second state, or control the at least one first exhaust assembly to be in the second state and the at least one second exhaust assembly to be in the first state.
In this implementation, the temperature sensor is disposed inside the protection housing. The temperature inside the protection housing is detected to monitor whether the battery module generates high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas. If it is detected that the temperature exceeds the specified temperature, it is considered that the battery module generates the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas. The first exhaust assembly and the second exhaust assembly may be controlled to operate, to exhaust, to the outside of the protection housing, the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas generated by the battery module. This avoids a risk of explosion caused by an excessively high temperature, excessively high pressure, or flammable gas with an excessively high concentration inside the battery apparatus.
In an implementation, the apparatus further includes at least one gas sensor that is disposed inside the protection housing and that is configured to detect gas composition inside the protection housing. The control unit is configured to receive a detection result sent by the at least one gas sensor, determine whether the detection result has a specified gas, and when the detection result includes the specified gas, control the at least one first exhaust assembly to be in the first state and the at least one second exhaust assembly to be in the second state, or control the at least one first exhaust assembly to be in the second state and the at least one second exhaust assembly to be in the first state.
In this implementation, the temperature sensor is disposed inside the protection housing. Whether flammable gas composition exists inside the protection housing is detected to monitor whether the battery module generates high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas. If a detection result includes the flammable gas composition, it is considered that the battery module generates the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas. The first exhaust assembly and the second exhaust assembly may be controlled to operate, to exhaust, to the outside of the protection housing, the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas generated by the battery module. This avoids a risk of explosion caused by an excessively high temperature, excessively high pressure, or flammable gas with an excessively high concentration inside the battery apparatus.
In an implementation, when the at least one first exhaust assembly is not in the first state and the second state, the second region is isolated from the outside of the protection housing; and when the at least one second exhaust assembly is not in the first state and the second state, the first region is isolated from the outside of the protection housing.
In this implementation, when the first exhaust assembly and the second exhaust assembly are not in an operation state, the first exhaust assembly and the second exhaust assembly are in an off state, so that the inside of the protection housing is isolated from the outside, to prevent contaminants such as outside rain and impurities from entering the protection housing and contaminating the inside of the battery apparatus.
In an implementation, the at least one first exhaust assembly and the at least one second exhaust assembly are respectively disposed on surfaces of different side faces of the protection housing.
In this implementation, the first exhaust assembly and the second exhaust assembly are respectively disposed on different side faces of the protection housing, to prevent the first exhaust assembly (or the second exhaust assembly) from inhaling again, into the protection housing, gas exhausted by the second exhaust assembly (or the first exhaust assembly) to the outside of the protection housing, which reduces a cooling effect of the battery apparatus.
In an implementation, the apparatus further includes a heat dissipation channel. One port of the heat dissipation channel communicates with the first region, and the other port of the heat dissipation channel communicates with the second region, so that gas in the first region flows into the second region, or gas in the second region flows into the first region.
In an implementation, the heat dissipation channel is disposed on the control unit, and a part of the heat dissipation channel includes a housing of the control unit.
In this implementation, the control unit is usually a battery management system (BMS). Generally, there are heat emitting parts such as a transformer and a frequency converter inside the BMS. In addition, after the battery module generates high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas, a temperature of the BMS also increases. To better take away heat in the BMS, the heat dissipation channel may be disposed on a surface that is of the BMS and that is close to the protection housing. The heat in the BMS can be taken away by gas passing through the heat dissipation channel, so that the temperature in the control unit is reduced.
In an implementation, the apparatus further includes at least one first exhaust fan disposed in the heat dissipation channel, so that gas in the first region flows into the second region, or gas in the second region flows into the first region.
In this implementation, the at least one first exhaust fan is added in the heat dissipation channel, to enhance an air flow generated by the first exhaust assembly and the second exhaust assembly inside the protection housing, thereby improving a speed at which the battery apparatus exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside.
In an implementation, the apparatus further includes at least one second exhaust fan that is respectively disposed at an exhaust port of the at least one battery module, so that gas in the first region flows into the second region through the battery module, or gas in the second region flows into the first region through the battery module.
In this implementation, the second exhaust fan is disposed at the exhaust port of each battery module. This not only can improve a speed at which the battery module exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas into the protection housing, but also can rapidly diffuse the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas in the second region into the entire second region, thereby reducing a concentration of a local flammable gas and improving efficiency of heat exchange between the inside and the outside.
If the battery module is a conductive structure, a part of gas is enabled to flow into the second region through the battery module, so that heat in the battery module can be taken away, thereby greatly reducing a temperature of the battery module.
In an implementation, the exhaust port of the at least one battery module is located in the second region.
In this implementation, the battery module is installed in the protection housing. Generally, an electrode terminal and the exhaust port are disposed close to a side of the control unit, to better manage the battery module and efficiently exhaust gas to the outside of the protection housing.
In an implementation, the apparatus further includes at least one third exhaust fan disposed on the isolation baffle, so that gas in the first region flows into the second region, or gas in the second region flows into the first region.
In this implementation, the at least one third exhaust fan is disposed on the isolation baffle, so that the gas in the first region flows into the second region, or the gas in the second region flows into the first region. Therefore, heat generated by the battery module in the first region is taken out of the protection housing, thereby further reducing a temperature of the battery module.
According to a second aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a method for controlling a battery apparatus to exhaust gas, including: receiving detection data of a detection unit, where the detection data is a temperature value and/or gas composition; and when the detection data is greater than a specified threshold and/or includes a specified gas, controlling at least one first exhaust assembly to be in a first state and at least one second exhaust assembly to be in a second state, or controlling the at least one first exhaust assembly to be in the second state and the at least one second exhaust assembly to be in the first state. The first state is that gas outside the protection housing is inhaled into the protection housing, and the second state is that gas inside the protection housing is exhausted to the outside of the protection housing. The at least one first exhaust assembly and the at least one second exhaust assembly are separately disposed on the protection housing, and at least one battery module is embedded in an isolation baffle.
In an implementation, when the isolation baffle is disposed inside the protection housing, the isolation baffle divides the inside of the protection housing into a first region and a second region, and the first region communicates with the second region. The at least one first exhaust assembly communicates with the second region, and the at least one second exhaust assembly communicates with the first region. The method further includes: controlling the at least one first exhaust assembly to successively exhaust gas outside the protection housing into the second region and the first region, and then enabling the gas to be exhausted to the outside of the protection housing from the at least one second exhaust assembly; or controlling the at least one second exhaust assembly to successively exhaust gas outside the protection housing into the first region and the second region, and then enabling the gas to be exhausted to the outside of the protection housing from the at least one first exhaust assembly.
In an implementation, when a heat dissipation channel is disposed in the protection housing, and at least one first exhaust fan is disposed in the heat dissipation channel, the method further includes: controlling the at least one first exhaust fan to exhaust gas in the first region into the second region, or exhaust gas in the second region into the first region.
In an implementation, when a second exhaust fan is disposed at an exhaust port of the at least one battery module, the method further includes: controlling the at least one second exhaust fan to exhaust gas in the first region into the second region through the battery module, or exhaust gas in the second region into the first region through the battery module.
In an implementation, when at least one third exhaust fan is disposed in the first region, the method further includes: controlling the at least one third exhaust fan to exhaust gas in the first region into the second region, or exhaust gas in the second region into the first region.
According to a third aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device, including: a converter, configured to convert an alternating current into a direct current, and/or convert an electrical signal of first power into an electrical signal of second power; and each battery apparatus that may be implemented in the first aspect, configured to be electrically connected to the converter, and receive electric energy or output electric energy. The energy storage device may be an electric vehicle, an outdoor cabinet, a base station, or the like.
The following briefly describes the accompanying drawings required in description of the embodiments or the conventional technology.
The following describes technical solutions in embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in embodiments of this application.
In the description of this application, direction or position relationships indicated by the terms “center”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside” are based on direction or position relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is merely intended to facilitate description of this application and simplify description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred apparatus or element needs to have a specific direction, and be constructed and operated in the specific direction. Therefore, this should not be understood as a limitation of this application.
In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms “install”, “connection”, and “connect” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, may be a fixed connection, may be a detachable connection, or may be pressing against or an integral connection. A person of ordinary skill in the art may understand specific meanings of the foregoing terms in this application based on a specific situation.
In the descriptions of this specification, the described specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in a proper manner in any one or more of embodiments or examples.
A battery apparatus protected in this application is usually assembled in an energy storage device or an energy storage system for use, for example, devices such as a solar power generation system, an outdoor energy storage cabinet, a base station, and an electric vehicle in different fields. In this application, the battery apparatus protected in this application is described below by using the solar power generation system as an example. As shown in
In this application, in a charging process of the battery apparatus 200, the controller 400 may control the photovoltaic panel 100 and the DC-DC converter 300 to operate. Because power of electric energy that is output by the photovoltaic panel 100 is affected by sunlight, the power of the output electric energy is unstable. The DC-DC converter 300 may convert a direct current of any power into a direct current of specified power, to charge the battery apparatus 200. In a discharging process of the battery apparatus 200, the controller 400 may control the photovoltaic panel 100 and the DC-DC converter 300 not to operate, and then the battery apparatus 200 provides electric energy for an external mains system and various loads.
In a battery apparatus in the conventional technology, as shown in
Generally, to prevent outside rain from leaking into the protection housing to cause cases such as corrosion to an outer surface of the battery module and a short circuit of a circuit on the battery module, the BMS and the protection housing usually form a closed structure. However, if the protection housing has a sealed structure, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas generated inside the battery module is exhausted into the closed structure formed by the BMS and the protection housing. When pressure inside the battery module is the same as pressure inside the protection housing, the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas generated inside the battery module cannot be exhausted to the outside, and only the pressure inside the battery module and a concentration of the flammable gas are slightly reduced. Therefore, the battery module still has a risk of explosion.
To resolve the problem existing in the existing battery apparatus, a new battery apparatus is designed in this application. The battery apparatus 200 includes a protection housing 210, a plurality of battery modules 220, a control unit 230, an isolation baffle 240, at least one first exhaust assembly 250, and at least one second exhaust assembly 260. Structures of the parts and a connection relationship between the parts are as follows.
The protection housing 210 usually has a groove structure, and the inside of the protection housing 210 is configured to place the battery module 220. In this application, before the battery module 220 is placed in the protection housing 210, each battery module 220 needs to pass through the isolation baffle 240, and all the battery modules 220 are isolated from each other, so that when each battery module 220 is placed inside the protection housing, the isolation baffle isolates the inside of the protection housing 210 into two regions: a first region 310 and a second region 320 shown in
The isolation baffle 240 is configured to isolate the inside of the protection housing 210 into two regions. In this application, a shape of the isolation baffle 240 is usually similar to a cross section of a front sectional view of the protection housing 210, and an area of the isolation baffle 240 is slightly less than an area of the front sectional view of the protection housing 210. When the isolation baffle 240 is placed inside the protection housing 210, three sides of the isolation baffle 240 are in close contact with a surface inside the protection housing 210, and the rest side of the isolation baffle 240 is not in contact with the surface inside the protection housing 210. Therefore, a channel is formed between the rest side of the isolation baffle 240 and the surface inside the protection housing 210, so that the first region 310 and the second region 320 communicate with each other. In this way, gas in the first region 310 may flow into the second region 320 through the channel, and gas in the second region 320 may flow into the first region 310 through the channel.
A plurality of through-holes is disposed at a middle position of the isolation baffle 240, so that the battery modules 220 are embedded in the through-holes, and the battery modules 220 are fastened to the isolation baffle 240. In this application, a shape of the through-hole in the isolation baffle 240 is the same as a shape of a cross section in a direction in which the battery module 220 is embedded in the through-hole, so that each battery module 220 is relatively closed to the isolation baffle 240 after being embedded in the isolation baffle 240. If the battery modules 220 are embedded in the through-holes on the isolation baffle 240, and there is a gap between the battery module 220 and the isolation baffle 240, gas in the first region 310 enters the second region 320 through the gap, or gas in the second region 320 enters the first region 310 through the gap. This reduces a heat dissipation effect of the battery apparatus 200.
An arrangement manner of the through-holes on the isolation baffle 240 is associated with an arrangement manner in which the battery modules 220 are disposed inside the protection housing 210. For example, with reference to
In this application, the isolation baffle 240 may have an overall structure shown in
A ventilation valve for exhausting gas to the outside is usually disposed in the battery module 220, so that when high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas is generated inside the battery module 220, the gas is exhausted to the outside of the battery module 220. In this application, all ventilation valves disposed in the battery module 220 are located in the second region 320, to better manage the battery module 220 and efficiently exhaust gas to the outside of the protection housing 210.
At least one first exhaust assembly 250 is fastened to the protection housing 210 and communicates with the second region 320 and the outside of the protection housing 210. At least one second exhaust assembly 260 is fastened to the protection housing 210 and communicates with the first region 310 and the outside of the protection housing 210. In this way, gas inside the protection housing 210 is exhausted to the outside of the protection housing 210, or gas outside the protection housing 210 is inhaled into the protection housing 210. In this application, if the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 are exhaust ports, the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 are respectively two through-holes on the protection housing, and the two through-holes are respectively located on surfaces of the protection housing 210 in which the first region 310 and the second region 320 are formed. If the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 are exhaust parts such as fans or air pumps, through-holes are respectively disposed at positions at which the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 are fastened to the protection housing 210. Therefore, the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 can exhaust gas inside the protection housing 210 to the outside of the protection housing 210, and inhale gas outside the protection housing 210 into the protection housing 210.
Generally, when the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 operate, the first exhaust assembly 250 (or the second exhaust assembly 260) exhausts the gas inside the protection housing 210 to the outside of the protection housing 210, and then the second exhaust assembly 260 (or the first exhaust assembly 250) inhales the gas outside the protection housing 210 into the protection housing 210, to form an air flow flowing from the first region 310 to the second region 320 or an air flow flowing from the second region 320 to the first region 310 is formed inside the protection housing 210. In this application, to prevent the second exhaust assembly 260 from inhaling again, into the protection housing 210, gas exhausted to the outside of the protection housing 210 by the first exhaust assembly 250, the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 are respectively fastened to two different side faces of the protection housing 210.
In an embodiment, with reference to
In this application, the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 are unidirectional circulation apparatuses. In an example, when the exhaust assembly operates, gas inside the protection housing 210 is exhausted to the outside of the protection housing 210, and no air flow in which gas outside the protection housing 210 flows into the protection housing 210 is generated; or gas outside the protection housing 210 is exhausted to the inside of the protection housing 210, and no air flow in which gas inside the protection housing 210 flows to the outside of the protection housing 210 is generated. This avoids gas backflow, so that an exhausted high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas is prevented from flowing back to a region in which the exhaust assembly is located, and flammable gas with a high concentration is prevented from converging in the region. When the exhaust assembly does not operate, no air flow in which gas outside the protection housing 210 flows into the protection housing 210 is generated, and no air flow in which gas inside the protection housing 210 flows to the outside of the protection housing 210 is generated, so that the battery apparatus 200 has a sealed structure in a normal case. In an embodiment, the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 may use a structure of “fan + labyrinth channel”, a shutter-type structure, or another structure. This is not limited in this application.
In an embodiment, with reference to
In an embodiment, with reference to
The first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 may be electrically connected to the control unit 230, and then the control unit 230 controls whether the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 operate. In this application, the control unit 230 is usually a BMS, and may establish communication with detection units such as a temperature sensor and a gas sensor. When detecting that the battery module 220 exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside, the detection unit (not shown in the figure) may send a detection result to the control unit 230. The control unit 230 controls the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 to operate, to exhaust, out of the battery apparatus 200, the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas generated by the battery module 220. This avoids a risk of explosion caused by an excessively high temperature, excessively high pressure, or flammable gas with an excessively high concentration inside the battery apparatus 200.
For example, if the detection unit is the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor may be disposed in the battery module 220, or may be disposed in the control unit 230, and is configured to detect a temperature inside the battery apparatus 200, and send a detection result to the control unit 230. After receiving the detection result, the control unit 230 discards the detection result if it is detected that the temperature is not greater than a specified temperature, and does not perform another operation. If it is detected that the temperature is greater than the specified temperature, the control unit 230 starts the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 to operate.
If the detection unit is the gas sensor, the gas sensor is usually disposed inside the protection housing 210, and is configured to detect air pressure inside the protection housing 210, and send a detection result to the control unit 230. After receiving the detection result, the control unit 230 discards the detection result if it is detected that the pressure is not greater than specified pressure, and does not perform another operation. If it is detected that the pressure is greater than the specified pressure, the control unit 230 starts the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 to operate.
In this application, the foregoing operation process is usually performed by the control unit such as a microprocessor (MCU) in the BMS or a SoC. An implementation process is shown in
Step S801: Receive detection data of a detection unit. The detection unit may be at least one of a temperature sensor and a gas sensor, and therefore a detection result is at least one of temperature data, gas pressure data, and gas composition data.
Step S802: Determine whether a detection result is greater than a specified threshold or whether a specified gas is included; and perform step S804 if the detection result is not greater than the specified threshold or the specified gas is not included; or perform step S803 if the detection result is greater than the specified threshold or the specified gas is included.
Step S803: Control the at least one first exhaust assembly 250 to be in a first state and the at least one second exhaust assembly 260 to be in a second state, or control the at least one first exhaust assembly 250 to be in the second state and at least one second exhaust assembly 260 to be in the first state. The first state is that gas outside the protection housing 210 is inhaled into the protection housing 210, and the second state is that gas inside the protection housing 210 is exhausted to the outside of the protection housing 210.
Step S804: Control the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 not to operate.
With reference to
With reference to
It should be noted that, an example in which the first exhaust assembly 250 inhales gas and the second exhaust assembly 260 exhausts gas is used. Because the gas exhausted by the second exhaust assembly 260 includes not only the gas inhaled by the first exhaust assembly 250 but also high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas exhausted by the battery module 220, the control unit controls the second exhaust assembly 260 to have higher power than the first exhaust assembly 250, so that an amount of exhausted air of the second exhaust assembly 260 is greater than an amount of exhausted air of the first exhaust assembly 250, to ensure that the second exhaust assembly 260 exhausts the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas in time.
In this embodiment of this application, the isolation baffle 240 is disposed inside the protection housing 210, to isolate the inside of the protection housing 210 into two interconnected regions. Exhaust assemblies are disposed outside the protection housing and respectively communicate with the two regions. One exhaust assembly is controlled to inhale gas and the other exhaust assembly is controlled to exhaust gas, to form an air flow in the two regions, so that a high-temperature and high-pressure gas exhausted by the battery module is exhausted. In addition, heat inside the protection housing is taken away, thereby reducing a risk of explosion of the battery module.
If the control unit 230 is a BMS, generally, there are heat emitting parts such as a transformer and a frequency converter inside the BMS. In addition, after the battery module 220 generates high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas, a temperature of the BMS also increases. To better take away heat in the BMS, the BMS may be designed as a structure shown in
With reference to
In this embodiment of this application, the heat dissipation channel 330 is disposed on the surface that is of the BMS and that is close to the inside of the protection housing 210, so that in a process in which the two exhaust assemblies form an air flow inside the protection housing to exhaust high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside of the protection housing 210, heat generated in the BMS can also be taken away. This avoids an excessively high temperature in the BMS, which causes burnout of an internal element.
With reference to
As shown in
As shown in
In this embodiment of this application, the at least one first exhaust fan 270 is added in the heat dissipation channel 330, to enhance the air flow generated by the first exhaust assembly 250 and the second exhaust assembly 260 inside the protection housing 210, thereby improving a speed at which the battery apparatus 200 exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside.
A second exhaust fan 280 may be disposed at an exhaust port of each battery module 220, to improve a speed at which the battery module 220 exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the protection housing, and rapidly diffuse the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas in the second region 320 into the entire second region 320, thereby reducing a concentration of the local flammable gas and improving efficiency of heat exchange between the inside and the outside. The high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas exhausted by the battery module usually includes flammable gas such as CO gas or CH4 gas. If the battery module 220 exhausts the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside, the gas may converge in a local region. This causes a relatively high concentration of the flammable gas in the region, which easily causes explosion. Therefore, the second exhaust fan 280 needs to be disposed at the exhaust port of each battery module 220, to blow the exhausted high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas into the second region 320, and diffuse the gas into the entire second region 320, thereby reducing a concentration of the flammable gas in a local region.
As shown in
Optionally, the second exhaust fan 280 may be electrically connected to the battery module 220. When a ventilation valve of the battery module 220 exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside, the second exhaust fan 280 is directly triggered to operate. The second exhaust fan 280 may alternatively be electrically connected to the control unit 230. When detecting that the battery module 220 exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas to the outside, the control unit 230 controls the second exhaust fan 280 to operate. Another manner may be used. This is not limited in this application.
If a structure of the battery module 220 is conductive, that is, gas in the first region 310 may enter the second region 320 through the battery module 220, and air flow circulation may be formed inside the protection housing 210, an effect of heat dissipation is further improved. With reference to
In this embodiment of this application, the second exhaust fan 280 is disposed at the exhaust port of each battery module 220. This not only can improve a speed at which the battery module 220 exhausts high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas into the protection housing 210, but also can rapidly diffuse the high-temperature and high-pressure flammable gas in the second region 320 into the entire second region 320, thereby reducing a concentration of the local flammable gas and improving efficiency of heat exchange between the inside and the outside. If the battery module 220 is a conductive structure, a part of gas is enabled to flow into the second region 320 through the battery module 220, so that heat in the battery module 220 can be taken away, thereby greatly reducing a temperature of the battery module 220.
At least one third exhaust fan 290 may be disposed on the isolation baffle 240, so that gas in the first region 310 flows into the second region 320, or gas in the second region 320 flows into the first region 310. With reference to
With reference to
In this embodiment of this application, the at least one third exhaust fan 290 is disposed on the isolation baffle 240, so that the gas in the first region 310 flows into the second region 320, or the gas in the second region 320 flows into the first region 310. Therefore, heat generated by the battery module 220 in the first region 310 is taken out of the protection housing 210, thereby further reducing a temperature of the battery module 220.
An embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device, where the energy storage device includes at least one battery apparatus described in
In the descriptions of this specification, the described features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in a proper manner in any one or more of embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are intended for describing the technical solutions of this application, but not for limiting this application. Although this application is described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they may still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of embodiments of this application.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202210101795.X | Jan 2022 | CN | national |
