The invention relates to a battery cell housing for the accommodation of a core material providing electrical energy. The invention also relates to a support that is able to hold a plurality of such battery cell housings, or at least parts thereof, for grouping battery cell housings and parts, respectively. Finally, the invention also relates to a method for grouping the battery cell housing or its parts, in particular housing shells.
As a rule, in order to provide a battery, for example for a vehicle, a cordless, electrical device or the like, several individual battery cells are connected to each other in series and or in parallel. Handling of the battery cells when constructing the battery is very laborious. The greater the capacitance or the provided voltage of the battery, the more individual battery cells are required for the construction of the battery.
From publication DE 10 2011 015 621 A1 it has been known to hold the individual battery cells by a holding body in order to secure the battery cells used in a vehicle against unwanted movements due to shocks and vibrations. As a result of this, any breakage of soldering points or the like is to be prevented. For each battery cell, the holding element has a lateral recess that is open toward the top and the bottom and partially reaches around the peripheral walls of the battery cells in peripheral direction. Each recess of the holding element contains a strip that comes into engagement with a peripheral groove on the battery cell housing. As a result of this, the battery cell housing is secured against axial movements relative to the holding element. Clipping the battery cells into the respectively associate recess takes place in a direction transverse to axial direction.
Considering this, it may be viewed as the object of the present invention to improve the handling of the battery cells and the battery cell housings, respectively, or at least their housing shell.
According to the invention a battery cell housing for the accommodation of a core material providing electrical energy is suggested. The battery cell housing comprises a hollow cylindrical housing shell that, preferably, has a cross-sectional contour in the form of a circular cylinder. The housing shell has a bottom that is preferably circular. Extending from the bottom is a peripheral wall in a direction coaxial to a housing axis in a height direction. On the side opposite the bottom, the peripheral wall delimits a housing opening. With the battery cell housing closed, a housing cover covers the housing opening and is connected to the peripheral wall, in particular in material-bonded manner, for example by welding. The battery cell housing, i.e., the housing shell and the housing cover, are preferably made of a metal or a metal alloy, for example steel. The housing shell is produced from a blank by means of a forming process, for example by extrusion.
A holding device is provided on the bottom. The holding device is disposed to be fastened to a mating holding device of a support in a positive-locking manner. With the positive-locking connection established, the housing shell is secured on the support against unwanted axial movement.
Preferably, the holding device is disposed to establish the positive-locking connection with the mating holding device due to an axial movement in axial direction parallel to the housing axis and, if necessary, to again release this connection. The holding device and the associate mating holding device can thus form a snap-on connection due to an axial relative movement. The connection can be severed again by a sufficiently great pulling force in axial direction.
The battery cell housing can be used for any type of electrical energy storage such as, for example, a disposable battery, a rechargeable battery, a capacitor, etc.
Due to the arrangement of the holding device on the bottom and thusly related option of establishing a positive-locking connection due to an axial movement, it is possible to connect a plurality of housing shells and battery cell housings, respectively, at the same time to an associate mating holding device on a support in a positive-locking manner.
Consequently, the handling during the production of a battery comprising a plurality of individual battery cells is simplified. A defined intermediate space may be created between the battery cells, said intermediate space optionally potentially being filled with at least one filling material. For example, the filling material may be material that is a good heat conductor such as, for example a mixture of resin and particles that conduct heat well or a powder that conducts heat well, which may contain, for example, boron nitride and/or copper and/or other metals and/or carbon. Instead of the particles or the powder, it is also possible to use, for example, bodies of the mentioned materials. Heat sinks may also be arranged between the battery cells, for example those consisting of a phase-changing material (PCM material) such as, for example, sodium acetate or the like.
It is advantageous if the holding device is arranged, radially with respect to axial direction, inside a region that is delimited by a tube-shaped shell surface plane in which the peripheral shell surface of the peripheral wall is located. The shell surface plane represents—as it were—that plane that results when the peripheral shell surface is lengthened in axial direction. The holding device does not extend through this shell surface plane but is arranged inside the region delimited thereby. This ensures that several battery cell housings can be arranged tightly packed next to each other, without the holding device impairing or preventing the tightest possible arrangement of the battery cell housings.
Preferably, the holding device features an undercut. On this undercut, the radial dimension of the holding device displays a local or global minimum, radially with respect to the axial direction. For example, the undercut may be formed by tapering a holding projection or a holding recess.
Furthermore, it is advantageous if the holding device is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the interior space of the housing shell. This makes it possible to electrically connect one terminal of the core material located in the battery cell housing to the holding device, so that the holding device may form one pole of the battery cell.
It is preferred if at least one outside surface of the peripheral wall is electrically insulated relative to the interior space of the housing shell. For example, the outside surface of the peripheral wall may be an electrically insulating varnish layer. It is also possible for a sheet metal blank from which the housing shell is produced, to already have an electrically insulating coating for a forming process, said coating remaining maintained after the forming process. The coating may be removed at points where an electrical insulation is not required.
In an exemplary embodiment of the housing shell or the battery cell housing, it is also possible to electrically insulate the entire housing shell or the entire battery cell housing relative to the interior space. Only the two electrical terminals of the battery cell are then passed by means of a respective electrical conductor into the battery cell housing and electrically connected to the core material.
The holding device may have a holding projection extending away from the underside of the bottom. The holding projection preferably extends along the housing axis and thus centrally away from the bottom. Preferably, the holding projection is rotation-symmetrical with respect to the housing axis.
Furthermore, it is preferred if the dimension of the holding projection radially with respect to the axial direction is at a maximum at a point that is located at a distance from the bottom or the underside of the bottom. Between this point of maximum radial dimension and the underside of the bottom, an undercut is formed in this manner, by means of which undercut a positive-locking connection similar to that of a snap fastener can be established.
It may also be advantageous for the holding device to have a holding recess. Basically, it is possible for the holding device to have a holding projection, as well as a holding recess, in which case, preferably, one holding projection or only one holding recess is provided.
It is advantageous if the dimension of the holding recess radially with respect to axial direction is minimal at a point that is located at a distance from the bottom or the underside of the bottom. Between this point of minimal radial dimension and the underside of the bottom, an undercut of the holding recess is formed, by means of which undercut a positive-locking connection similar to that of a snap fastener can be established.
Furthermore, the invention relates to a support that is disposed for holding a plurality of the battery cell housings having the form of a cylinder as described hereinabove. The support comprises a support plate on which are arranged a plurality of mating holding devices. The mating holding devices are disposed to be fastened, in a positive-locking matter, to respectively one holding device on the battery cell housing. Furthermore, said mating holding devices are disposed to secure the battery cell housing on the support plate against an unwanted axial movement in an axial direction parallel to the housing axes of the battery cell housing.
Furthermore, the mating holding devices are disposed to establish a positive-locking connection with a respectively associate battery cell housing or with a respectively associate holding device of a housing shell, due to a relative movement in axial direction. As a result of this it is accomplished that, at the same time, a plurality of housing shells and battery cell housings, respectively, can be moved axially with respect to the support plate—e.g., with the aid of a suitable handling device—and, as a result of this, the positive-locking connection can be established. The housing shells or battery cell housings are thus engaged and held on the support, as it were. The result is an assembly that can be handled combined for the further construction of the battery.
It is preferred if the support plate has respectively one support lateral wall in one or more locations. The support lateral walls can be used for positioning the housing shells or battery cell housings before they are secured in a positive-locking manner on the support plate due to an axial relative movement.
In a preferred embodiment of the support, the mating holding devices are an integral component of the support plate. They can be shaped due to a forming process in an originally plate-shaped material.
Alternatively, it is also possible to provide the mating holding device on one or more separate fastening components. Due to the positive-locking connection of a mating holding device to an associate holding device, a fastening of the holding device and the mating holding device to the support plate is accomplished at the same time. To do so, for example, the holding device and the mating holding device may extend at least partially through a cutout in the support plate from opposite sides.
Furthermore, it is preferred if the mating holding devices provided on the support plate are arranged at a distance from each other. In doing so, the distance is selected in such a manner that the peripheral walls of adjacent battery cell housings or housing shells contact one another. Preferably, the mating holding devices are positioned in such a manner that each housing shell or each battery cell housing is in planar or linear contact with the least two additional housing shells or battery cell housings if the housing shells or battery cell housings are arranged on the support. The distance between the midpoints of adjacent mating holding devices thus corresponds to the outside diameter of a peripheral wall—provided all battery cell housings have the same dimensions.
Preferably, the mating holding devices are arranged in a regular pattern. For example, they may be arranged in the form of a matrix in rows and columns. Each midpoint of a mating holding device may form the corner point of one or more grid meshes. Each grid mesh may have a polygonal, for example square or triangular form. Preferably, each grid mesh has the form of an equilateral triangle.
Furthermore, it is of advantage if the mating holding device consists at least partially of electrically conductive material. As a result of this, it is possible to electrically contact the battery cell, or the core material arranged therein, via the mating holding device. To do so, for example a part of the existing mating holding device may be electrically connected to at least one strip conductor or at least one electrical conductor. The strip conductor or electrical conductor may be arranged on the support plate.
Thus, the support plate may be constructed in the manner of a conductor board.
For grouping a plurality of battery cell housings or housing shells, the procedure according to the inventions is as follows:
First, several battery cell housings or housing shells thereof are produced or provided as described hereinabove.
Furthermore, a support is produced or provided as explained hereinabove. The plurality of battery cells or housing shells are arranged on the support due to a relative movement in axial direction relative to the support, in which case a positive-locking connection is established between the holding devices and the associate mating holding devices. Preferably, all battery cell housings and housing shells, respectively, are moved as a group relative to the support in order to form the connection.
As a result of the method, it is possible to arrange already ready-for-use battery cells with closed battery cell housings on the support. The battery cells may already be electrically charged (formed). It is also possible to form the battery cells arranged on the support together.
Considering one method, it is also possible to arrange the still open housing shells on the support. The core materials are placed in the housing shells only subsequently, and the individual battery cell housings are closed. Finally, the battery cells arranged on the support can be formed together.
In addition to the positive-locking connection, a material-bonded connection may also be provided during a subsequent method step. The positive-locking connection is mainly intended to allow handling of the individual battery cell housings or housing shells together. For secured operation, it is possible to take additional fastening measures such as, for example, a material-bonded connection. For example, the holding devices and mating holding devices may be glued or welded together. It is also possible to use the support with its support lateral walls as a casting mold and inject flowable casting material and to at least partially pour it around the battery cell housing and thus create a material-bonded connection with the support.
It is also possible to mechanically and/or electrically connect a plurality of supports with a plurality of battery cells to each other in order to produce a battery.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be inferred from the dependent patent claims, the description and the drawings. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in detail with reference to the appended drawings. They show in
On the axial side opposite the bottom 15, there is an edge of the peripheral wall 16 that delimits a housing opening 17. The housing opening 17 can be closed by the housing cover 11 when the core material 14 is arranged in the interior space 13. Preferably, the housing cover 11 is connected to the peripheral wall 16 by material-bonding, for example by welding. The connectors of the two poles of the battery cells are passed to the outside through the battery cell housing 10 in a suitable manner, this not being specifically shown in
Located on the bottom 15 of the battery cell housing 10, there is a holding device 20 that is disposed to be fastened with a mating holding device 21 to a support 22 and, according to the example, to a support plate 23 of the support 22.
The holding device 20 and the mating holding device 21 are designed so as to be complementary relative to each other, as it were, and are disposed for establishing a positive-locked connection due to a relative movement in axial direction A or to allow said positive-locked connection to be released again. Regarding the present explanation, it is mainly the provision of the positive-locking connection. When grouping a plurality of battery cell housings or housing cells 12 on the support 22, it is of importance that the relative movement in axial direction A leads to the positive-locked holding of the housing shells 12 on the support 22.
The peripheral wall 16 has an outer peripheral shell surface 16a facing away from the interior space 13. This peripheral shell surface 16a is arranged in a shell surface plane 29. Thus, the shell surface plane 29 is the axial extension of the peripheral shell surface 16a in axial direction A. The entire holding device 20 does not project from the region around the housing axis G that is radially delimited by the shell surface plane 29 relative to the housing axis G. Thus the shell surface plane 29 represents the structural clearance of the battery cell housing 10 that is not expanded by the holding device 20. Consequently, a plurality of battery cell housings 10 can be arranged densely packed next to each other so that their peripheral shell surfaces 16a are in contact with each other.
In accordance with the example, the strip 28 represents the axial extension of the peripheral wall 16 beyond the bottom 15. In accordance with the example, the outside circumference of the strip extends in the shell surface plane 29 or, alternatively, it could be arranged radially thereto farther inside and thus closer to the housing axis G.
On the side facing the housing axis G, the strip 28 has a radial projection 30 that, in this case, is configured as an annular bead. Due to the radial projection 30, the dimension of the holding recess 27 is the smallest measured, radially with respect to the housing axis G. The holding recess 27 has an undercut 31 in the region of the radial projection 30. Starting from this undercut 31, along the housing axis G toward an underside 15a of the bottom 15, the radial dimension of the recess 27 increases—at least in an axial region that adjoins the radial projection 30. Surface sections extending obliquely with respect to the housing axis G extending in this axial region on the strip 28 can be configured as flat surfaces or curved surfaces. In the region in which the holding recess 27 radially widens starting from the undercut 31, it is possible to apply tangents that intersect at an angle α, wherein the point of intersection is located at a distance from the underside 15a of the bottom below the housing shell 12. In accordance with the example, the point of intersection is located on housing axis G.
The mating holding device 21 associated with the holding device 20 is—at least in some sections—configured to be complementary to the form of the holding recess 27, so that a positive-locking connection can be accomplished. To do so, the holding device 21 according to the exemplary embodiment of
Considering the exemplary embodiment depicted by
Alternatively or additionally, an electrically insulating layer 16b may be provided on the side of the peripheral wall 16 facing the interior space 13 and/or the bottom 15 and/or the housing cover 11. Consequently, it is possible to electrically insulate the entire interior space 13 relative to the battery cell housing 10, in which case only the line openings for electrically contacting the core material 14 need be passed through the insulation.
At the same time, the holding device 20 can be used for outer electrical contacting with the core material 14 that is arranged in the battery cell housing 10. To do so, an electrically conductive connection can be established between the core material 14 and the holding device 20 in that, at least at one point, no insulation is provided between the bottom 15 and the core material 14 but that, rather, the bottom 15 is electrically connected to one terminal of the core material 14. If the housing shell 12 consists of electrically conductive material, this results in an electrical connection to be created between the holding device 20 and, in accordance with the example, the strip 28 and the core material 14.
In conjunction with this, it is also possible to make the end section 34 or the entire mating holding projection 33 of electrically conductive material, so that, with the positive-locking connection with the associate holding device 20 being established, it is also possible to achieve an electrical connection between the mating holding projection 33 and the respective terminal of the core material 14. In the case of this exemplary embodiment, it is expedient to insulate the mating holding device 21 relative to the support plate 23 and, for example, arrange it as a separate conductive component on an inherently insulating support plate 23, as is illustrated by
The essential difference between the exemplary embodiment according to
A single mating holding part 40 can be the component of several mating holding devices 21. In other words, respectively one mating holding projection 33 of the respective mating holding device 21 may project from the plate-shaped mating holding part 40 at the appropriately spaced apart points. Consequently, all mating holding devices 21 are connected to each other via the mating holding part 40 as a unit that can be handled in a uniform manner.
The support plate 23 can consist of electrically non-conductive material, or be coated or clad therewith. The separate fastening parts 38 may be electrically conductive and may optionally at least be partially electrically connected to one another, for example, via rigid or flexible electrical conductors or lines. As a result of this, conductor strips in the support plate 23 may be omitted.
In the exemplary embodiment illustrated by
The holding projection 46 is arranged inside the region delimited by the shell surface plane 29. The maximum diameter of the head portion 45 is preferably clearly smaller than the outside diameter of the peripheral wall 16.
The mating holding device 21 comprises a mating holding recess 48 in the support plate 23, said mating holding recess being complementary to the holding projection 45 and, in particular, the head portion 47. The mating holding recess 48 has an inner region 49 that is disposed to receive the head portion 47 of the holding projection 45. Adjoining the inner region 49, there is provided a constriction 50 at which the radial dimension of the mating holding recess 28 is reduced and, in particular, displays its smallest dimension that is adapted to the outside diameter of the neck portion 46. The depth of the mating holding recess 48 in axial direction A preferably corresponds to the length of the holding projection 45 in axial direction A, so that, with the positive-locked connection between the holding device 20 and the mating holding device 21, the underside 15a of the bottom 15 abuts against the plate upper side 23a of the support plate 23.
The mating holding recess 48 may be accessible from the plate underside 23b and, for this purpose, have a passage hole 51 that opens the mating holding recess 48 toward the plate underside 23b. In accordance with the example, the passage hole connects the plate underside 23b of the support plate 23 to the inner region 49 of the mating holding recess 48. Due to the passage hole 51, there exists the possibility of welding the holding projection 45 in the mating holding recess 48 from the side into which the plate underside 23b points.
The mating holding recess 48—as schematically shown by
As an alternative to the form described hereinabove, the mating holding recess 48 may also be cylindrical as is shown in dashed lines in
The further exemplary embodiment of the holding device 20 and the mating holding device 21 shown by
Accordingly, the mating holding device 21 has a mating holding projection 33 that corresponds to the holding projection 45 of
The optional features can be provided in all exemplary embodiments in view of the electrical contacting of the holding device 20 and the mating holding device 21 with the interior space 13 or the core material 14 and/or the at least partial electrical insulation of the battery cell housing 10, as have been explained in conjunction with the exemplary embodiments hereinabove and, in particular, in conjunction with
In the exemplary embodiments of the housing shell 12, in which the holding device 20 is a holding recess 27, the point where the holding recess 27 displays its maximum radial dimension is located at a distance from a contact plane 53. In the exemplary embodiment shown by
From
Several mating holding devices 21 are arranged in a specified pattern on the support plate 23. The midpoints of the mating holding devices 21 that are located at the point where the longitudinal axis L intersects the plane in which the plate upper side 23a extends from the corner points 58 of a grid that comprises polygonal grid meshes 59. A few corner points 58 and grid meshes 59 are shown as examples by
It is preferred that the distance between the corner points be selected in such a manner that the edge length of one grid mesh corresponds to the diameter of the peripheral wall 16 in a housing shell 12 or a battery cell housing 10. As a result of this, adjacent battery cell housings 10 or housing shells 12 are in contact with each other. This contact is advantageous for providing a contact for heat conduction when grouping a plurality of battery cell housings 10, as a result of which the heat transport can be improved. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the battery cell housings 10 arranged on the edge are in contact with the respectively adjacent support lateral wall 57, as a result of which the heat dissipation by heat conduction can also be improved.
As has already been explained, one or more conductor strips 37 may be arranged on the support plate 22 for electrically contacting or connecting a plurality of battery cells in order to electrically connect mating holding devices 21 to one another, these being electrically conductive in this case. The type of connection and the resultant pattern depend on the desired electrical circuit. The individual battery cells may be electrically connected in series and/or in parallel. This depends on the battery voltage and the electrical power that are ultimately to be provided by the battery comprising the plurality of battery cells.
In a preferred embodiment, the battery cells may be arranged on a common support 22 in such a manner that either all the plus poles or all the minus poles are arranged on the side associated with the support plate 23. It is understood that it is also possible to arrange the battery cells in another orientation, so that, for example, a part of the battery cells has the plus pole on the side associated with the support plate 23, while another part of the battery cells has the minus pole on the side associated with the support plate 23.
The grouping of several battery cells with respectively one battery cell housing 10 on one support 20 shall be explained hereinafter with reference to
Considering the exemplary embodiment described herein, the individual battery cells are produced initially, so that the battery cell housing 10 can be closed and the housing cover 11 is connected to the housing shell 12 in a material-bonded manner. The battery cell housings 10 that are to be arranged on a support 22 are grouped and grasped, for example by a handling device 65, e.g., a gripping device or the like. The handling device 65 can clamp the battery cell housings 10 against each other and move them in this manner. With the aid of the handling device 65, the battery cell housings 10 are moved over the plate upper side 23a of the support plate 23 until the housing axis G of each battery cell housing 10 coincides with the longitudinal axis L of the respectively associate mating holding device 21. Subsequently, the battery cell housings are moved together at a right angle with respect to the support plate 23 in axial direction A, as a result of which a positive-locking connection is achieved between the holding device 20 provided on one battery cell housing 10, respectively, and the associate mating holding device 21 on the support 22. The handling device 65 may subsequently be removed. The battery cell housings 10 are held on the support 22 and grouped there.
When the battery cell housings 10 are moved onto the support plate 23 the support lateral walls 57 may act as a guiding aid. In doing so, it is also possible for the handling device 65 not to exert a clamping force on the battery cell housings 10 but only reach around them in order to prevent tilting. The group of the battery cell housings 10 may then be pushed as a unit on and over the plate upper side 23a until each battery cell housing 10 has reached the desired position. Considering the peripheral walls 16 that have the configuration of a circular cylinder and the arrangement of the mating holding devices 21 on the corner points of a grid structure having triangular grid meshes 59 (equilateral triangles), the battery cell housings 10 position themselves very simply relative with respect to each other in the respectively desired orientation.
After establishing the positive-locking connection between the holding devices 20 and the mating holding devices 21, the resultant assembly comprising the support 22 and the battery cells or battery cell housings 10 can be handled very easily during the continued manufacturing process of the battery. For example, all battery cells arranged on a support 22 can be connected in a material-bonded manner to the support 22 or fixed in another manner against vibrations and other outside effects on the support 22. The battery cells 10 may also be electrically charged together (forming).
Alternatively, it is also possible to mount only the housing shells 12 to the support 22 in the manner described hereinabove and to subsequently introduce the core materials 14 in the housing shells 12 and to close the housing shells 12 with a respectively associate housing cover 11.
The battery with a plurality of battery cells that is to be produced may comprise several battery cell groups that are arranged on respectively one support.
The invention relates to a battery cell housing 10 with a housing shell 12 and a housing cover 11. A holding device 20 is arranged on a bottom 15 of the housing shell 12. The holding device 20 is assigned a mating holding device 21 on a support 22. The holding device 20 and the mating holding device 21 are configured to be plugged positively one inside the other by a relative movement in an axial direction parallel to the housing axis G of the cylindrical battery cell housing 10. In this way, it is possible at the same time for a plurality of battery cell housings 10 bearing against one another to be arranged quickly and captively on a support 22 with a plurality of mating holding devices 21.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2015 110 243.9 | Jun 2015 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/EP2016/063642 | 6/14/2016 | WO | 00 |