Claims
- 1. A battery comprising:
- at least one positive electrode;
- at least one negative electrode;
- at least one aluminum current collector in electrical contact with the positive electrode;
- an electrolyte composition comprising a salt disposed in a matrix, said salt having the formula ##STR9## in which R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 are each independently a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a perfluorocycloalkyl group or a perfluorocycloalkyl perfluoroalkyl group of 4-7 ring carbon atoms and 1-4 carbon atoms on the alkyl chain wherein the ring carbon atoms may be optionally substituted by a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, with R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 taken together having a total of at least 3 carbon atoms;
- R.sub.f3 is a perfluoroalkylene moiety of 2 to 6 carbon atoms optionally substituted by a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a perfluorocycloalkyl group of 4-7 carbon atoms;
- M is a cation with a valence equal to n; and
- n is an integer of 1 to 4, wherein the voltage measured at the positive electrode is greater than 3.0 volts vs. Li/Li.sup.+ ; and
- the electrolyte composition further comprises a NO.sub.3.sup.- salt.
- 2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the NO.sub.3.sup.- salt comprises NO.sub.3.sup.- and a counterion selected from the group consisting of a tetraalkyl ammonium ion, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, a Group IIB metal, and a Group IIIB metal.
- 3. The battery of claim 1 wherein M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a rare earth metal, or a Group IIB or IIIB metal.
- 4. The battery of claim 1 wherein M is lithium.
- 5. The battery of claim 1 wherein said salt is of the formula �R.sub.f1 SO.sub.2)(R.sub.f2 SO.sub.2)N!.sub.n M in which R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 are each independently a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, with R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 taken together having a total of at least 4 carbon atoms.
- 6. The battery of claim 1, wherein said NO.sub.3.sup.- salt is LiNO.sub.3.
- 7. The battery of claim 1, wherein said NO.sub.3.sup.- salt is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration in the range from about 0.1 to 25 millimole per liter.
- 8. The battery of claim 7, wherein said NO.sub.3.sup.- salt is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration in the range from about 1 to 5 millimole per liter.
- 9. A rechargeable battery comprising:
- at least one positive electrode;
- at least one negative electrode;
- at least one aluminum current collector in electrical contact with the positive electrode; and
- an electrolyte composition comprising a salt disposed in a matrix, said salt having the formula ##STR10## in which R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 are each independently a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a perfluorocycloalkyl group or a perfluorocycloalkyl perfluoroalkyl group of 4-7 ring carbon atoms and 1-4 carbon atoms on the alkyl chain wherein the ring carbon atoms may be optionally substituted by a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, with R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 taken together having a total of at least 3 carbon atoms;
- R.sub.f3 is a perfluoroalkylene moiety of 2 to 6 carbon atoms optionally substituted by a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a perfluorocycloalkyl group of 4-7 carbon atoms;
- M is a cation with a valence equal to n; and
- n is an integer of 1 to 4; and
- the electrolyte composition further comprises a NO.sub.3.sup.- salt.
- 10. The battery of claim 9, wherein the NO.sub.3.sup.- salt comprises NO.sub.3.sup.- and a counterion selected from the group consisting of a tetraalkyl ammonium ion, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, a Group IIB metal, and a Group IIIB metal.
- 11. The battery of claim 9 wherein M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a rare earth metal, a Group IIB or IIIB metal.
- 12. The battery of claim 9 wherein M is lithium.
- 13. The battery of claim 9 wherein said salt is of the formula
- �R.sub.f1 SO.sub.2) (R.sub.f2 SO.sub.2)N!.sub.n M
- in which R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 are each independently a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, with R.sub.f1 and R.sub.f2 taken together having a total of at least 4 carbon atoms.
- 14. The battery of claim 9 wherein said salt is of the formula ##STR11## in which R.sub.f3 is a perfluoroalkylene group of 3-5 carbon atoms optionally substituted by a straight or branched perfluoroalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- 15. The battery of claim 9 wherein said salt is lithium bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl)imide.
- 16. The battery of claim 9, wherein said NO.sub.3.sup.- salt is LiNO.sub.3.
- 17. The battery of claim 9, wherein said NO.sub.3.sup.- salt is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration in the range from about 0.1 to 25 millimole per liter.
- 18. The battery of claim 17, wherein said NO.sub.3.sup.- salt is present in the electrolyte composition at a concentration in the range from about 1 to 5 millimoles per liter.
Parent Case Info
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/531,598, filed Sep. 21, 1995.
US Referenced Citations (19)
Foreign Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Date |
Country |
2096816 |
Nov 1993 |
CAX |
0 671 386 |
Sep 1995 |
EPX |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
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Parent |
531598 |
Sep 1995 |
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