Patent Application
20240025273
The present disclosure relates to battery boxes for holding the batteries of an electric vehicle. More particularly, the present disclosure provides for battery mounting brackets that reinforce the walls of a battery box.
The information provided in this section is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent it is described in this section, as well as aspects of the description that may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the present disclosure.
Fully electric vehicles (i.e., EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (e.g., PHEVs) often require a large battery bank to power the electric motor(s) that drive the vehicle. In addition to their substantial weight, such batteries can give off a substantial amount of heat during charging and discharging cycles and also need to be protected from impact in the event of a collision. As a result, the batteries that power electric and hybrid electric vehicles are typically mounted in a reinforced battery box that is secured to the vehicle frame or chassis. Many battery boxes are sealed or partially sealed and house cooling components to extract heat from the batteries.
This section provides a general summary of the disclosure and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.
In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, a battery box for a vehicle is provided, which includes a pair of first and second longitudinal walls that run parallel to one another in a laterally spaced apart arrangement and a pair of first and second lateral walls that extend between the pair of first and second longitudinal walls and run parallel to one another in a longitudinally spaced apart arrangement. The battery box has a floor that is positioned between the longitudinal and lateral walls. The floor cooperates with the longitudinal and lateral walls to define an interior compartment of the battery box for holding one or more batteries.
The battery box also includes a mounting bracket that has a raised base, an upright segment, and a curved transition segment extending from the raised base to the upright segment. A portion of the raised base is spaced above the floor and the raised base includes a peripheral rim that contacts and is fixably attached to the floor.
In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, the raised base of the mounting bracket includes at least one depression that also contacts and is fixably attached to the floor. According to this aspect of the present disclosure, the depression(s) extend in a continuous manner from the raised base, across the transition segment of the mounting bracket, and across at least a portion of the upright segment. The portion of the depression(s) that extends across the upright segment contacts and is fixably attached to one of the first and second longitudinal walls. The mounting bracket reinforces the longitudinal wall to which it is attached for improved strength and crash performance. Advantageously, the shape and depression(s) of the mounting bracket are designed to increase the number of locations where the mounting bracket can be spot welded to the floor and one of the longitudinal walls. The shape and depression(s) of the mounting bracket are also designed to permit a limited degree of flexing/bending without breaking/failing to improve crash performance.
In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, the battery box further includes a frame bracket that is attached to one of the first and second longitudinal walls. The frame bracket is configured to be secured to a frame of the vehicle. The upright segment of the mounting bracket is attached to one of the first and second longitudinal walls opposite the frame bracket such that the frame bracket and the mounting bracket are aligned with one another with a portion of one of the first and second longitudinal walls sandwiched between the frame bracket and the mounting bracket. This provides a direct load path from the frame bracket to the mounting bracket such that the force of an impact is transmitted through the frame bracket to a portion of the longitudinal walls that are reinforced by the mounting bracket, which is one of the strongest locations of the battery box.
In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, the battery box further includes a first pair of corner junctions where the first lateral wall is fixably attached to the first and second longitudinal walls and a second pair of corner junctions where the second lateral wall is fixably attached to the first and second longitudinal walls. One or more mounting brackets may be placed along the floor and attached to the first and second longitudinal walls of the battery box to provide reinforcement at evenly spaced locations. Together, the corner junctions and the mounting bracket(s) provide the primary structural support for the longitudinal and lateral walls of the battery box.
Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description, the claims and the drawings. The detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
The present disclosure will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
In the drawings, reference numbers may be reused to identify similar and/or identical elements.
Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views, a battery box 20 is illustrated.
Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
When an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “engaged to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly engaged to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
Spatially relative terms, such as “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
With reference to
In the illustrated example, the longitudinal walls 26a, 26b are longer than the lateral walls 26c, 26d. It should be appreciated however that other configurations are possible including where the lateral walls 26c, 26d are longer than the longitudinal walls 26a, 26b. It should also be appreciated that the battery box 20 can be installed in a vehicle in a number of different orientations and the words “longitudinal” and “lateral” as used herein describe the battery box 20 itself and do not necessarily correspond or relate to the longitudinal and lateral dimensions of the vehicle to which the battery box 20 is mounted. For example, the battery box 20 described herein could be mounted in a vehicle such that the lateral walls 26c, 26d extend across the vehicle from the driver's side to the passenger's side of the vehicle, or alternatively, the battery box 20 could be mounted in a vehicle such that the longitudinal walls 26a, 26b extend across the vehicle from the driver's side to the passenger's side of the vehicle. It should also be appreciated that the battery box 20 described herein could be mounted in a vertical orientation. For example and without limitation, the battery box 20 may be mounted in the vehicle with the longitudinal walls 26a, 26b oriented substantially perpendicular to the ground.
The interior compartment 22 of the battery box 20 is depicted as receiving seven batteries 24 in a side-by-side arrangement in
Still referring to
The floor 28 is a drop-in floor that extends across and below the interior compartment 22 of the battery box 20. The floor 28 is positioned above the inwardly extending flange 38 on the bottom edge 36 of the longitudinal and lateral walls 26a-26d in an overlapping and abutting arrangement. After the floor 28 is positioned over the inwardly extending flange 38, the floor 28 is secured to the inwardly extending flange 38. In the illustrated example, the floor 28 is permanently secured to the inwardly extending flange 38 by spot welding, which provides a strong and economical connection. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it should be appreciated that other structures or methods for securing the floor 28 to the inwardly extending flange 38 may be utilized.
The lid 30 extends across and above the interior compartment 22 of the battery box 20. The lid 30 is positioned above the outwardly extending flange 40 on the top edge 34 of the longitudinal and lateral walls 26a-26d in an overlapping and abutting arrangement such that the lid 30 is secured to the outwardly extending flange 40. Although other configurations are possible, in the illustrated example, the lid 30 is secured to the outwardly extending flange 40 by bolts or other fasteners (not shown) such that the lid 30 may be removed to provide access to the interior compartment 22 of the battery box 20. It should be appreciated that providing some access to the interior compartment 22 of the battery box 20 is important so that the batteries 24, cooling components, and electrical components mounted in the interior compartment 22 can be inspected, serviced, and/or replaced.
The battery box 20 in the illustrated example also has multiple frame brackets 42 attached to the first and second longitudinal walls 26a, 26b at longitudinally spaced apart locations. The frame brackets 42 are configured to be secured to the frame, chassis, or body structure of the vehicle (not shown). By way of example and without limitation, the frame brackets 42 may be secured to the vehicle using fasteners such as bolts, screws, or threaded studs (not shown). It should be appreciated that many possible configurations exist where the frame brackets 42 have a different location or configuration than that shown in the Figures. It should also be appreciated that in some embodiments the frame brackets 42 could be eliminated and the floor 28, lid 30, longitudinal walls 26a, 26b, and/or lateral walls 26c, 26d could be directly or indirectly secured to the vehicle.
With additional reference to
Each tongue 46a-46d is integral with and bent ninety degrees from an end of one of the longitudinal or lateral walls 26a-26d and is arranged to overlap and abut another end of an adjoining longitudinal or lateral wall 26a-26d. In the illustrated example, spot welds on the first tongue 46a form a permanent connection between the first lateral wall 26c and the first longitudinal wall 26a, spot welds on the second tongue 46b form a permanent connection between the first lateral wall 26c and the second longitudinal wall 26b, spot welds on the third tongue 46c form a permanent connection between the second lateral wall 26d and the first longitudinal wall 26a, and spot welds on the fourth tongue 46d form a permanent connection between the second lateral wall 26d and the second longitudinal wall 26b. Thus, each tongue 46a-46d extends vertically and provides an area where spot welds can be applied to form a permanent connection between the longitudinal and lateral walls 26a-26d. In the illustrated example, the first and second tongues 46a, 46b are integral with and extend from the first lateral wall 26c at perpendicular angles and the third and fourth tongues 46c, 46d are integral with and extend from the second lateral wall 26d at perpendicular angles; however, it should be appreciated that the tongues 46a-46d could alternatively be integral with and extend from the longitudinal walls 26a, 26b at perpendicular angles to contact and overlap with the ends of the lateral walls 26c, 26d.
As best seen in
To that end, the battery box 20 includes a first pair of corner shields 50a, 50b, placed over the first pair of corner junctions 44a, 44b, that are externally mounted outside of the interior compartment 22 to provide fluid tight sealing over the first pair of corner junctions 44a, 44b. Similarly, a second pair of corner shields 50c, 50d, placed over the second pair of corner junctions 44c, 44d, that are externally mounted outside of the interior compartment 22 to provide fluid tight sealing over the second pair of corner junctions 44c, 44d. The corner shields 50a-50d are externally mounted to the battery box 20 using an adhesive or sealant to provide a fluid tight seal over the spot welded connections at the corner junctions 44a-44d of the battery box 20. Prior to hardening or curing, the adhesive or sealant flows into and fills the gaps 48 above and below each tongue 46a-46d and any other clearances in the corner junctions 44a-44d to create a fluid tight seal. After hardening or curing, the adhesive or sealant mechanically bonds the corner shields 50a-50d to the ends of the longitudinal and lateral walls 26a-26d. Spot welds may also be used to position the corner shields 50a-50d during assembly and to augment the bond strength of the adhesive or sealant.
With additional reference to
Each corner shield 50a-50d has two complex corners 52, 54 that are each formed by planar wall segments 56, 58, 60, 62 that extend in at least three different planes. The complex corners 52, 54 cover and seal the gaps 48 at the corner junctions 44a-44d between the tongue(s) 46a-46d and the inwardly extending flange(s) 38 and between the tongue(s) 46a-46d and the outwardly extending flange(s) 40. The planar wall segments 56, 58, 60, 62 of each corner shield include first and second planar wall segments 56, 58 that form a wedge-shaped channel 64 that extends vertically between a closed end 66 and an open end 68. The wedge-shaped channel 64 is formed by a bend radius between the first and second planar wall segments 56, 58 that is larger than 5 millimeters (mm), which is larger (i.e., a more gradual bend) than the sharper ninety degree bends between the lateral walls 26c, 26d and the tongues 46a-46d. The planar wall segments 56, 58, 60, 62 of each corner shield 50a-50d also include an inwardly extending planar wall segment 60 that forms a first complex corner 52 at the closed end 66 of the wedge-shaped channel 64 and an outwardly extending planar wall segment 62 that forms a second complex corner 54 at the open end 68 of the wedge-shaped channel 64. As best seen in
As shown in
As best seen in
The upright segment 74 of each mounting bracket 70 includes a pair of raised edges 90a, 90b on each side of the depressions 84a, 84b that are spaced away from the adjacent longitudinal wall 26a or 26b. The pair of raised edges 90a, 90b also extend across the transition segment 76 of the mounting bracket 70 to the portion of the raised base 72 that is spaced above the floor 28.
Multiple load bearing connections attach the flanges 86a-86c of the peripheral rim 82 to the floor 28. Multiple load bearing connection also attach the depressions 84a, 84b in the raised base 72 to the floor 28. Similarly, multiple load bearing connections attach the depressions 84a, 84b in the upright segment 74 to one of the first and second longitudinal walls 26a or 26b. Preferably, the multiple load bearing connections are spot welds. Thus, the flanges 86a-86c of the peripheral rim 82 and the depressions 84a, 84b significantly increase the surface area of the mounting bracket 70 that comes into abutting contact with the floor 28 and the longitudinal wall 26a or 26b and thus increases the number of locations that can be spot welded. The transition segment of each mounting bracket has a bend radius 92 of more than 25 millimeters. This particular geometry of the transition segment 76 of the mounting bracket 70 provides a gradual load path between the upright segment 74 and the raised base 72, which operates to reduce normal/peel type stress on the spot welds. In addition, the specific geometry and features of the mounting bracket 70 described herein enables the mounting bracket 70 to flex some instead of being completely rigid, which also improves impact/crash performance.
Many modifications and variations of the present disclosure are possible in light of the above teachings and may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described while within the scope of the appended claims. These antecedent recitations should be interpreted to cover any combination in which the inventive novelty exercises its utility.
