Patent Application
20240389086
Some example embodiments may generally relate to mobile or wireless telecommunication systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) access technology, or 5G beyond, or other communications systems. For example, certain example embodiments may relate to apparatuses, systems, and/or methods for beam pair switching.
Examples of mobile or wireless telecommunication systems may include the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), LTE Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), MulteFire, LTE-A Pro, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology or NR access technology, and/or 5G-Advanced. 5G wireless systems refer to the next generation (NG) of radio systems and network architecture. 5G network technology is mostly based on NR technology, but the 5G (or NG) network can also build on E-UTRAN radio. It is estimated that NR may provide bitrates on the order of 10-20 Gbit/s or higher, and may support at least enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) as well as massive machine-type communication (mMTC). NR is expected to deliver extreme broadband and ultra-robust, low-latency connectivity and massive networking to support the IoT.
Some example embodiments may be directed to a method. The method may include transmitting, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The method may also include receiving, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured to, with storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to transmit, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also be caused to receive, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also include means for receiving, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
In accordance with other example embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable medium may be encoded with instructions that may, when executed in hardware, perform a method. The method may include transmitting, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The method may also include receiving, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
Other example embodiments may be directed to a computer program product that performs a method. The method may include transmitting, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The method may also include receiving, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that may include circuitry configured to transmit, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also include circuitry configured to receive, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
Some example embodiments may be directed to a method. The method may include receiving, from a user equipment, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The method may also include scheduling the user equipment for a radio transmission in response to the report.
Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured to, with storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to receive, from a user equipment, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also be caused to schedule the user equipment for a radio transmission in response to the report.
Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus. The apparatus may include means for receiving, from a user equipment, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also include means for scheduling the user equipment for a radio transmission in response to the report.
In accordance with other example embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable medium may be encoded with instructions that may, when executed in hardware, perform a method. The method may include receiving, from a user equipment, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The method may also include scheduling the user equipment for a radio transmission in response to the report.
Other example embodiments may be directed to a computer program product that performs a method. The method may include receiving, from a user equipment, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The method may also include scheduling the user equipment for a radio transmission in response to the report.
Other example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that may include circuitry configured to receive, from a user equipment, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also include circuitry configured to schedule the user equipment for a radio transmission in response to the report.
For proper understanding of example embodiments, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
It will be readily understood that the components of certain example embodiments, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. The following is a detailed description of some example embodiments of systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for beam pair switching. For instance, certain example embodiments may consider methods for addressing interruption during beam pair switching, where the interruption may correspond to an unavailability of the UE for data scheduling in downlink/uplink (DL/UL), and/or may correspond to non-scheduling periods.
The features, structures, or characteristics of example embodiments described throughout this specification may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more example embodiments. For example, the usage of the phrases “certain embodiments,” “an example embodiment,” “some embodiments,” or other similar language, throughout this specification refers to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in certain embodiments,” “an example embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” “in other embodiments,” or other similar language, throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same group of embodiments, and the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more example embodiments. Further, the terms “base station”, “cell”, “node”, “gNB”, “network” or other similar language throughout this specification may be used interchangeably.
As used herein, “at least one of the following: <a list of two or more elements>” and “at least one of <a list of two or more elements>” and similar wording, where the list of two or more elements are joined by “and” or “or,” mean at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all the elements.
The technical specification of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Rel-18 describe a scenario where the user equipment (UE) may indicate with a capability, whether it supports receiving two physical downlink shared channels (PDSCH) simultaneously, and with different angle of arrivals. For instance, in Rel-17, RANI specified group-based beam reporting, where the UE reports N groups/pairs (i.e., beams that can be simultaneously received) of M beams (i.e., at least 2 beams in one group). The pairing may be performed by the UE according to its capabilities as illustrated in
RAN4 has defined IBM operation for frequency range 2 (FR2) inter-band carrier aggregation (CA) cases where IBM definitions are illustrated in
Group based beam reporting (GBBR) indicates to the network that the UE can receive signals simultaneously, but does not provide the network any indication on the number of RS needed for beam management (BM). Additionally, the GBBR does not provide any information regarding an interruption time, independent tracking of reference signals (RS), etc.
3GPP has defined IBM and CBM for certain CA use cases, but not for use cases on the same CC (i.e., MIMO). Furthermore, GBBR has been defined for MIMO (i.e., same CC and not CA). Thus, IBM/CBM on the same CC for MIMO, and interruption time during a beam pair switch have not been addressed.
Additionally, in the m-DCI scenario, there may be no interruption of the reception/transmission on CSI #1 due to the switch from pair CSI #1+CSI #3 to the pair CSI #1+CSI #4. When there is no interruption/transmission on CSI #1, the UE may fully independently track spatial filters, and perform time tracking of the different TCI states without affecting any scheduling opportunities. However, as illustrated in
In view of the drawbacks of current beam switch configurations, the UE of certain example embodiments may provide a report (e.g., capability report) to the network indicating that beam pair switching does not cause interruption on both beams (e.g., CSI) of the pair of beams (if one beam is common to both pairs). In other example embodiments, the report may be a dynamic indication of whether specific beam pairs for the switch would cause interruption on both beams (if one beam is common to both pairs).
According to certain example embodiments, the dynamic indication may be reported via a reactive method or a pro-active method. In the reactive method, the dynamic indication may be reported after the beam pair switch (e.g., beam pair switch command) has been signaled to the UE. For example, the reactive method may occur between the beam pair switch command and the beam pair switch execution, or after the beam pair switch execution. In certain example embodiments, under the reactive method, the dynamic indication may be transmitted/signaled by being included in a layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) reporting of a candidate beam (e.g., CSI #1, CSI #2, CSI #3, or CSI #4). In other example embodiments, the dynamic indication may be transmitted/signaled via a dedicated medium access control control element (MAC CE). In further example embodiments, the dynamic indication may be transmitted/signaled via a scheduling request (SR) for UL interruption indication. For instance, in certain example embodiments, the SR itself may indicate the interruption, or the UE could send the SR to obtain resources for L1 or for MAC-CE where it can send the information on UL interruption. Additionally, in some example embodiments, under the reactive method, the dynamic indication may be indicate whether the interruption is on DL only or UL only, or both. Furthermore, granularity may be for each channel (i.e., for one or a subset of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), and sounding reference signal (SRS)). For instance, the UE may indicate interruption only for PDCCH, but not for PDSCH. Alternatively, the UE may indicate interruption for PDCCH and PDSCH, but not for PUSCH and PUCCH. In another alternative, the UE may indicate interruption for PDSCH/PUSCH, but not for PUCCH/PDCCH. Thus, the interruption indication may be per channel for DL and UL.
As described above, the dynamic indication may be provided to the network via a pro-active method, which may occur before the indication of a beam pair switch command from the network. For example, as part of GBBR, where only pairs in GBBR that will not cause interruption when switched from one another may be reported. In some example embodiments, the report as part of GBBR may be RRC configured by the network. In other example embodiments, the report as part of GBBR may be reported by the UE as beam pairs that do not cause interruption to each other.
In other example embodiments, as part of GBBR, beam pairs that will not cause interruption when switched from one another may be flagged. In this example, the UE may report the best beam pairs from the RSRP/signal to noise ratio (SNR) perspective. Additionally, the report may flag the pairs in GBBR that will cause interruption if switched to another beam pair.
According to certain example embodiments, under the pro-active method, there may be a separate reporting in a CSI report. According to other example embodiments, UE assistance information with information about whether the UE can track the beams independently, or whether the beam pair switch will cause interruption to both beams of the pair (i.e., beam for CSI #1 and beam for CSI #3) or only one beam of the pair. For instance, the interruption may be caused only to one beam of the pair (e.g., CSI #3), or to both beams of the pair (e.g., CSI #1 and CSI #3). According to other example embodiments, under the pro-active method, the dynamic indication report may indicate whether the interruption is on DL only or on UL only, or both. Granularity may also be for each channel (i.e., for one or a subset of PDCCH, PDSCH, PUCCH, PUSCH, and SRS). For instance, the interruption may be for PDSCH, PDCCH, PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS, or a combination of any of the above.
In certain example embodiments, based on the report/indication provided by the UE, the network may use scheduling opportunities during the beam pair switch (in DL or UL, or both) for the UE that are capable of receiving/transmitting (i.e., no interruption) during the switch, or the network can choose a different beam pair to, for example, avoid interruption for less capable UEs. A less capable UE may be a UE that needs to interrupt scheduling of both beams of the pair (e.g., CSI #1 and CSI #3) when performing a pair switch. Even if the UE switches to a pair where one of the beams is the same (e.g., CSI #1 and CSI #4), the UE may still need to interrupt scheduling on both CSI #1 and CSI #3. This scenario may be informed to the network as a UE capability that the UE can never avoid the interruption of the scheduling on all CSI beams of the pair.
According to certain example embodiments, the network may select a different beam pair with a pro-active indication or with a re-active indication. In certain example embodiments, the pro-active indication may provide an indication of interruption from the UE to the network. This may imply that the network selects the preferred beam pair switch while taking into consideration the UE indication of interruption. On the other hand, with a re-active indication about interruption from the UE to the network, the UE may inform the network that the interruption is about to occur. With this information that interruption is about to occur, the network may, in response, cancel the beam pair switch where interruption is about to occur, and transmit a new beam pair switch command to the UE.
According to certain example embodiments, the method of
According to certain example embodiments, the report may include for beam pair switching from a first beam pair to a second beam pair, a UE capability report indicating that beam pair switching does not cause interruption on at least one beam of the first beam pair or at least one beam of the second beam pair. According to some example embodiments, the report may further include a dynamic indication report indicating whether beam pair switching from the first beam pair to the second beam pair, would cause interruption on both beams in the first beam pair or both beams in the second beam pair. According to other example embodiments, the dynamic indication report may be transmitted after receiving a beam pair switch command, or the dynamic indication report may be transmitted before receiving the beam pair switch command.
In certain example embodiments, the dynamic indication report is transmitted in one of a L1-RSRP reporting, a dedicated MAC CE, a scheduling request for UL interruption indication, as an indication of whether the interruption is on a DL, UL, or both DL and UL, a group based beam reporting, a CSI report, or a UE assistance information including information about a tracking ability, or whether the beam switch will cause interruption to one or more beams of the first beam pair and the second beam pair. In certain example embodiments, the first beam pair and the second beam pair include at least one common beam.
According to certain example embodiments, the method of
According to certain example embodiments, the report may include, for beam pair switching from a first beam pair to a second beam pair, a UE capability report indicating that beam pair switching does not cause interruption on at least one beam of the first beam pair or at least one beam of the second beam pair. According to some example embodiments, the report may also include a dynamic indication report indicating whether beam pair switching from the first beam pair to the second beam pair, would cause interruption on both beams in the first beam pair or both beams in the second beam pair. According to other example embodiments, the dynamic indication report may be received after transmitting a beam pair switch command, or the dynamic indication report may be received before transmitting the beam pair switch command.
In certain example embodiments, the dynamic indication report is received in one of a L1-RSRP reporting, a dedicated MAC CE, a scheduling request for UL interruption indication, as an indication of whether the interruption is on a DL, UL, or both DL and UL, a group based beam reporting, a CSI report, or a UE assistance information including information about a tracking ability, or whether the beam switch will cause interruption to one or more beams of the first beam pair and the second beam pair. In some example embodiments, the first beam pair and the second beam pair include at least one common beam. In some example embodiments, the method may also include, in response to receiving the dynamic indication report, selecting a preferred beam pair switch for the UE while taking into consideration the report. In other example embodiments, the method may further include, in response to receiving the dynamic indication report, cancelling the beam pair switch when the report indicates that interruption is about to occur, transmitting a new beam pair switch command to the UE.
In some example embodiments, apparatuses 10 and 20 may include one or more processors, one or more computer-readable storage medium (for example, memory, storage, or the like), one or more radio access components (for example, a modem, a transceiver, or the like), and/or a user interface. In some example embodiments, apparatuses 10 and 20 may be configured to operate using one or more radio access technologies, such as GSM, LTE, LTE-A, NR, 5G, WLAN, WiFi, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, NFC, MulteFire, and/or any other radio access technologies. It should be noted that one of ordinary skill in the art would understand that apparatuses 10 and 20 may include components or features not shown in
As illustrated in the example of
Processors 12 and 22 may perform functions associated with the operation of apparatuses 10 and 20 including, as some examples, precoding of antenna gain/phase parameters, encoding and decoding of individual bits forming a communication message, formatting of information, and overall control of the apparatuses 10 and 20, including processes and examples illustrated in
Apparatuses 10 and 20 may further include or be coupled to a memories 14 and 24 (internal or external), which may be respectively coupled to processors 12 and 24 for storing information and instructions that may be executed by processors 12 and 24. Memories 14 and 24 may be one or more memories and of any type suitable to the local application environment, and may be implemented using any suitable volatile or nonvolatile data storage technology such as a semiconductor-based memory device, a magnetic memory device and system, an optical memory device and system, fixed memory, and/or removable memory. For example, memories 14 and 24 can be comprised of any combination of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), static storage such as a magnetic or optical disk, hard disk drive (HDD), or any other type of non-transitory machine or computer readable media. The instructions stored in memories 14 and 24 may include program instructions or computer program code that, when executed by processors 12 and 22, enable the apparatuses 10 and 20 to perform tasks as described herein.
In certain example embodiments, apparatuses 10 and 20 may further include or be coupled to (internal or external) a drive or port that is configured to accept and read an external computer readable storage medium, such as an optical disc, USB drive, flash drive, or any other storage medium. For example, the external computer readable storage medium may store a computer program or software for execution by processors 12 and 22 and/or apparatuses 10 and 20 to perform any of the methods and examples illustrated in
In some example embodiments, apparatuses 10 and 20 may also include or be coupled to one or more antennas 15 and 25 for receiving a downlink signal and for transmitting via an UL from apparatuses 10 and 20. Apparatuses 10 and 20 may further include a transceivers 18 and 28 configured to transmit and receive information. The transceivers 18 and 28 may also include a radio interface (e.g., a modem) coupled to the antennas 15 and 25. The radio interface may correspond to a plurality of radio access technologies including one or more of GSM, LTE, LTE-A, 5G, NR, WLAN, NB-IoT, Bluetooth, BT-LE, NFC, RFID, UWB, and the like. The radio interface may include other components, such as filters, converters (for example, digital-to-analog converters and the like), symbol demappers, signal shaping components, an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, and the like, to process symbols, such as OFDMA symbols, carried by a downlink or an UL.
For instance, transceivers 18 and 28 may be configured to modulate information on to a carrier waveform for transmission by the antennas 15 and 25 and demodulate information received via the antenna 15 and 25 for further processing by other elements of apparatuses 10 and 20. In other example embodiments, transceivers 18 and 28 may be capable of transmitting and receiving signals or data directly. Additionally or alternatively, in some example embodiments, apparatus 10 may include an input and/or output device (I/O device). In certain example embodiments, apparatuses 10 and 20 may further include a user interface, such as a graphical user interface or touchscreen.
In certain example embodiments, memories 14 and 34 store software modules that provide functionality when executed by processors 12 and 22. The modules may include, for example, an operating system that provides operating system functionality for apparatuses 10 and 20. The memory may also store one or more functional modules, such as an application or program, to provide additional functionality for apparatuses 10 and 20. The components of apparatuses 10 and 20 may be implemented in hardware, or as any suitable combination of hardware and software. According to certain example embodiments, apparatuses 10 and 20 may optionally be configured to communicate each other (in any combination) via a wireless or wired communication links 70 according to any radio access technology, such as NR.
According to certain example embodiments, processors 12 and 22 and memories 14 and 24 may be included in or may form a part of processing circuitry or control circuitry. In addition, in some example embodiments, transceivers 18 and 28 may be included in or may form a part of transceiving circuitry.
For instance, in certain example embodiments, apparatus 10 may be controlled by memory 14 and processor 12 to transmit, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. Apparatus 10 may also be controlled by memory 14 and processor 12 to receive, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
In other example embodiments, apparatus 20 may be controlled by memory 24 and processor 22 to receive, from a UE, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. Apparatus 20 may also be controlled by memory 24 and processor 22 to schedule the UE for a radio transmission in response to the report.
In some example embodiments, an apparatus (e.g., apparatus 10 and/or apparatus 20) may include means for performing a method, a process, or any of the variants discussed herein. Examples of the means may include one or more processors, memory, controllers, transmitters, receivers, and/or computer program code for causing the performance of the operations.
Certain example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that includes means for performing any of the methods described herein including, for example, means for transmitting, to a network element, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also include means for receiving, in response to the report, scheduling for a radio transmission.
Additional example embodiments may be directed to an apparatus that includes means for performing any of the methods described herein including, for example, means for receiving, from a UE, a report indicating status on whether at least one beam of at least one beam pair is interrupted or not when beam pair switching. According to certain example embodiments, the at least one beam pair may include at least a first beam associated with a first transmit and receive point, and a second beam associated with a second transmit and receive point. The apparatus may also include means for scheduling the UE for a radio transmission in response to the report.
Certain example embodiments described herein provide several technical improvements, enhancements, and/or advantages. For instance, in some example embodiments, it may be possible to for the network to tailor the scheduling to the specific UE. For example, the network may be able to schedule only DL during the beam pair switch, and not UL, or vice-versa. Additionally, in other example embodiments, the scheduling opportunities may be optimized, which may enable the network to best serve the UEs to maximize both cell and UE throughput. In further example embodiments, the network may optimize cell throughput and UE throughput. When the network knows that switching from pair 1 (e.g., CSI #1+CSI #3) to pair 3 (e.g., CSI #1+CSI #4) will cause scheduling interruption on both beams of the pairs, the network may try to find another pair to switch the UE to, for example, from pair 1 to pair 4 (e.g., CSI #1+CSI #2) instead (if UE has reported that this switch would not cause interruption of the scheduling on CSI #1).
A computer program product may include one or more computer-executable components which, when the program is run, are configured to carry out some example embodiments. The one or more computer-executable components may be at least one software code or portions of it. Modifications and configurations required for implementing functionality of certain example embodiments may be performed as routine(s), which may be implemented as added or updated software routine(s). Software routine(s) may be downloaded into the apparatus.
As an example, software or a computer program code or portions of it may be in a source code form, object code form, or in some intermediate form, and it may be stored in some sort of carrier, distribution medium, or computer readable medium, which may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program. Such carriers may include a record medium, computer memory, read-only memory, photoelectrical and/or electrical carrier signal, telecommunications signal, and software distribution package, for example. Depending on the processing power needed, the computer program may be executed in a single electronic digital computer or it may be distributed amongst a number of computers. The computer readable medium or computer readable storage medium may be a non-transitory medium.
In other example embodiments, the functionality may be performed by hardware or circuitry included in an apparatus (e.g., apparatus 10 or apparatus 20), for example through the use of an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or any other combination of hardware and software. In yet another example embodiment, the functionality may be implemented as a signal, a non-tangible means that can be carried by an electromagnetic signal downloaded from the Internet or other network.
According to certain example embodiments, an apparatus, such as a node, device, or a corresponding component, may be configured as circuitry, a computer or a microprocessor, such as single-chip computer element, or as a chipset, including at least a memory for providing storage capacity used for arithmetic operation and an operation processor for executing the arithmetic operation.
One having ordinary skill in the art will readily understand that the disclosure as discussed above may be practiced with procedures in a different order, and/or with hardware elements in configurations which are different than those which are disclosed. Therefore, although the disclosure has been described based upon these example embodiments, it would be apparent to those of skill in the art that certain modifications, variations, and alternative constructions would be apparent, while remaining within the spirit and scope of example embodiments. Although the above embodiments refer to 5G NR and LTE technology, the above embodiments may also apply to any other present or future 3GPP technology, such as LTE-advanced, and/or fourth generation (4G) technology.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202341035133 | May 2023 | IN | national |
