The described examples relate generally to systems and methods for mounting a beam to a vertical structural member.
Vertical structural members, such as concrete walls, may include a beam pocket. The beam pocket may be an opening, cutout, passage or the like through the vertical structural member. The beam pocket may be configured to receive a structural member, such as a structural beam, and define an interface or engagement for structurally supporting the beam in an associated structure or building, at least in part, with the vertical wall. In conventional systems, a beams of wood or steel construction is supported in the void of the concrete, or by a steel plate embedded in the concrete or other materials in the vertical structural member.
In order to provide the void space in concrete to support the beam, structures must be built to prevent the concrete from filling the void. These structures are temporary and must be removed after the concrete or other solid structural material when fully set. These temporary structures in conventional systems are made of steel, wood, Styrofoam, cardboard or other material. After the concrete is solidified, and the temporary structure is removed, the process of setting the beam can begin. The conventional beam pockets of wood, cardboard, or Styrofoam often chipped away or removed using a labor-intensive process. The removal process may damage the newly formed concrete. Further, the resulting connection between the beam and the vertical structural member of conventional systems may be susceptible to various failure mechanisms, including rust or cracking, which may contribute to shear plane failures, and the like in the vertical structural members.
During beam installation, a crane hoists and supports the beam for a period of time for the connection to the vertical structural member. While the beam is supported by the crane, various different shims are added and subtracted in a beam pocket between the vertical wall and the beam in order to set an appropriate height and level of the beam in the structure. This procedure of placing shims below a partially secured beam, secured by crane, may result in finger and hand injuries, since the shims are hand placed below the bottom flange of the steel beam. When compared to steel embed plate the steel beam must be welded to the plate or a tab plate of steel to support the beam. Field welding a steel plate or steel tab on a ladder or elevated platform for the tab or steel embed plate can result in fall injuries or crushing injuries while the beam is supported by the crane.
Upon disengagement by the crane, the height and level of the beam can no longer be adjusted in conventional systems. In some cases, conventional beam pockets are then filled at least partially with concrete, grout, or other materials in order to further secure the beam to the vertical structural member. Some beam connections utilize anchor bolts cast into the concrete but require hole in the steel beams for exact alignment. Further, the resulting connection between the beam and the vertical structural member of conventional systems may be susceptible to various failure mechanisms, including rust or cracking, which may contribute to shear plane failures, and the like in the vertical structural members. As such, there is a need for systems and techniques that secure beams to vertical structural members.
Examples of the present invention are directed to an apparatus, such as a beam pocket, for connecting a beam to a wall. The apparatus includes a frame having a plurality of panels that cooperate to define a pocket void. The apparatus may further include a clamp and anchor bolts within the pocket and configured to secure an end of the beam at a position within the pocket. The clamp may be configured to selectively define the position relative to the frame and the cast wall. The apparatus includes at least one anchor extending from the clamp and away from the pocket for mounting with the wall. The anchor and clamp system supports streamlined beam placement without holes and/or alignments for the placement of the steel beam.
In another example, the apparatus includes a structural angle integrated with the frame between a first panel and a second panel of the plurality of panels. The structural angle, the first panel, and second panel may cooperate to define different sides of the pocket. The structural angle may include a steel angle having a first portion define a side of the pocket and a second portion configured for flush mounting with the wall. The first and second portions may be arranged perpendicular to one another. The at least one anchor may extend from the clamp and through the first portion of the structural angle and include an end arranged outside of the pocket for mounting with the wall. Further, the at least one anchor may include a first anchor and a second anchor, each of the first and second anchors extending from the clamp and through the first portion of the structural angle for mounting of ends of the respective first and second anchors in the wall. The angle may assist in distributing the point load from the beam into concrete or vertical wall, thereby reducing the possibility of shear plane failure of the wall below the beam pocket.
In another example, the clamp may include a bearing plate configured to seat the end of the beam. The bearing plate may be configured to receive a grouting thereunder. Further, the clamp may include at least one clamping component configured to engage the end for the beam opposite the bearing plate. In some cases, the at least one clamping component and the bearing plate may be engaged with the at least one anchor in the pocket. A position of the clamping plate and the bearing plate may be adjustable along the at least one anchor to clamp and secure the end of the beam in the apparatus.
In another example, the at least one anchor may include a threaded end advanced through each of the at least one clamping component and the bearing plate. The apparatus may further include a bottom nut threadingly engaged with the threaded end and manipulatable to define a stop position for the bearing plate in the pocket. The apparatus may further include a top nut threadingly engaged with the threaded end and manipulatable to compress the at least one clamping component toward the bearing plate.
In another example, the at least one clamping component includes a first clamping component and a second clamping component. The first and second clamping components may be arranged relative to the bearing plate to receive a web of a beam therebetween. The at least one anchor may include a first anchor engaged with the bearing plate and the first clamping component. The at least one anchor may include a second anchor engaged with the bearing plate and the second clamping component. The first and second clamping components may be adjustable relative to the respective first and second anchors in order to compress a flange of the beam between the first and second clamping components and bearing plate. The attachment method of the clamp allows minor lateral movement due to expansion and contraction of the steel beam.
In another example, the plurality of panels may include a first panel and a second panel. The first and second panels may form vertical sides and back of the pocket. The apparatus may further include at least one reinforcement shelf spanning a vertical width of the pocket defined by the first and second panels. The at least one reinforcement shelf may be configured to maintain the vertical width during an installation of the apparatus.
In another example, an apparatus for connecting a beam to a wall is disclosed. The apparatus includes a plurality of panels. The apparatus further includes a structural angle positioned between a first panel and a second panel of the plurality of panels. The apparatus further includes a first anchor positioned through the structural angle and extending away from plurality of panels. The apparatus further includes a second anchor positioned through the structural angle and extending away from the plurality of panel. The apparatus further includes a bearing plate engaged with the first and second anchor and positioned between the first panel and the second panel. The apparatus further includes a first clamping component engaged with the first anchor above the bearing plate. The apparatus further includes a second clamping component engaged with the second anchor above the bearing plate.
In another example, a method of connecting a beam to a wall is disclosed. The method includes setting an apparatus in a concrete wall, the apparatus including a pocket therein. The method further includes setting an end of a beam on a bearing plate of the apparatus. The method further includes clamping a flange of beam to the bearing plate using first and second clamping components arranged on opposing sides of a web of the beam.
In another example, setting the apparatus in a concrete wall includes attaching a frame of the apparatus to formwork, pouring concrete, and removing the formwork with the apparatus permanently affixed to the concrete. The method may further include setting a height of the bearing plate in the pocket.
In another example, the bearing plate may be engaged with a first anchor at a first bearing plate end and a second anchor at a second bearing plate end. In this regard, the height of the bearing plate may be defined by a first nut threadingly engaged with the first anchor under the bearing plate and a second nut threadingly engaged with the second anchor under the bearing plate. The method may further include grouting a region below the bearing plate.
In addition to the exemplary aspects and examples described above, further aspects and examples will become apparent by reference to the drawings and by study of the following description.
The disclosure will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements, and in which:
The description that follows includes sample systems, methods, and apparatuses that embody various elements of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that the described disclosure may be practiced in a variety of forms in addition to those described herein.
The following disclosure relates generally to an apparatus for connecting a structural beam to a vertical structural member, and associated methods of assembly and attachment thereto. The vertical structural member may include substantially any member used to form a wall, fully or in part, such as a load-bearing wall of a structure. Sample vertical structural members include, without limitation, a standard concrete wall (of various consistencies, shapes, ratings, and so on), an insulated concrete form (ICF) concrete wall, and the like. It will be appreciated that while the apparatus of the present disclosure is described herein with reference to one or more vertical structural members, this is for purposes of illustration and the apparatus may be implemented with a variety of different types and constructions of the vertical structural member without departing from the scope of the disclosure herein. A structural beam, as used herein, may include substantially any structural member supported by the vertical structural member to form a structure. A structural beam, without limitation, may include various I-beams, H-beams, “w” or wide-flange beams, and so on. A structural beam may further include a wood beam or various sizes and types. The structural beam may be arranged generally horizontal relative to the vertical structural member and structurally supported thereon to carry both shear and bending loads.
A vertical structural member may have a beam pocket, such as an opening, cutout, void or the like configured to receive the structural beam. The apparatus of the present disclosure may provide an interface or connection between the vertical structural member and the structural beam. The apparatus may be permanently affixed to the vertical structural member. As such, the apparatus does not require removal pre-crane time that could otherwise damage the vertical structural member. The permanently affixed apparatus may also thus define a physical barrier between the vertical structural member and the structural beam that may mitigate or prevent various failure mechanisms, such as rust or cracking, as described herein. Further, the apparatus may be generally configured to adjust or selectively define a position of an end of the beam in the beam pocket. The apparatus may be configured to selectively define the position of the end of the beam without the beam being continuously supported by a crane, which reduces overall crane time and job cost, among other benefits.
In one example, the apparatus may include a frame having a plurality of panels. The plurality of panels may be formed from various materials, such as sheet metal, and cooperate to define a pocket. The plurality of panels allows for adjustment of height of the apparatus to accommodate various heights of beams. The apparatus may further include a clamp with the pocket configured to secure an end of the beam therein. As described in greater detail below, the clamp may include a bearing plate upon which a bottom side of a flange of the structural beam rests, and one or more clamping portions that engage an opposing side of the flange. The bearing plate and the clamping portions may be moved or compressed toward one another in order to clamp and secure the beam in place. Further, the bearing plate and the clamping portions may be height-adjustable within the pocket in order to selectively define the height of the end of the beam in the beam pocket. The apparatus may further include at least one anchor extending from the clamp and away from the pocket for mounting and anchoring within the vertical structural member, such as a concrete wall. In some cases, one end of the at least one anchor may be fixedly set in the wall, and an opposing end may be threaded for engagement with the bearing plate and at least one of the clamping portions. In this manner, the bearing plate and clamping portions may be adjustable in the pocket while the apparatus is fixedly set in the vertical structural member via the at least one anchor.
The structure of the apparatus may allow for the permanent installation of the apparatus with a vertical structural wall before setting a beam. In the example of a concrete wall, the apparatus may be initially temporarily installed to formworks for the concrete wall. The formworks may be filled with wet concrete or other building materials in order to form the wall. In so doing, the apparatus may become permanently affixed to the concrete wall, for example, using the at least one anchor extending from the frame and panels. The apparatus may be set in the concrete such that when the formworks are removed, the pocket defined by the panels is exposed along an outer surface of the wall. An end of a structural beam may then be maneuvered into the exposed pocket and rested on the bearing plate, for example, using a crane. The crane may cease operations, and the end of the beam may be lowered or raised in the pocket by adjusting a height of the bearing plate therein. The end of the beam may then be clamped in place by the clamping portions engaging and compressing an opposing side of the beam flange. Grouting or other materials may then be added to below the bearing plate. The grouting may be added in a manner to reduce moisture and rust degradation of the beam.
Turning to the drawings, for purposes of illustration
With reference to the first frame portion 112, the plurality of panels may include a back panel 114, first frame portion side panels 116a, 116b, and first frame portion lips 118a, 118b. The back panel 114 may be sized to accommodate a width of the structural beam 170, such as being at least as wide or wider than a width of the structural beam 170. The first frame portion side panels 116a, 116b may be arranged extending generally perpendicularly from opposing edges of the back panel 114. The first frame portion lips 118a, 118b may be arranged extending generally perpendicularly from respective ones of the first frame portion side panels 116a, 116b. Corresponding pairs of the first frame portion side panels 116a, 116b and first frame portion lips 118b may establish a corner configured to receive an edge of the vertical structural member 180.
With reference to the second frame portion 120, the plurality of panels may include a back panel 124, second frame portion side panels 126a, 126b, and second from portion lips 128a, 128b. The plurality of panels of the second frame portion 120 may be substantially analogous to those described above in relation to the first frame portion 112; redundant explanation of which is omitted herein for clarity. Notwithstanding the foregoing similarities, the second frame portion 120 may further include a bottom panel 129. The bottom panel 129 may be connected to bottommost edges of the back panel 124, and the second frame portion side panels 126a, 126b. The bottom panel 129 is shown in
The apparatus 110 may further include a clamp configured to secure the end 172 of the structural beam 170 and selectively define the position of the end 172 in the pocket. As shown in
The first clamp portion 130a may include a clamp portion body 132a, an engagement end 134a, and a through portion 136a. The clamp portion body 132a may be formed from a sheet of metal material, such a sheet of metal material of construction substantially analogous to that of the bearing plate 140. The first end of the clamp portion body 132a may include the through portion 136a extending therethrough. The through portion 136a may be a generally circular opening configured to receive one or more structural members, such as anchors, as described herein. A second, opposing end of the clamp portion body 132a may include or otherwise define the engagement end 134a. In one example, the engagement end 134a may include a section of bent or angled, such as at a substantially perpendicular angle, portion of the first clamp portion body 132a, as shown in
The apparatus 110 may further include a structural angle 146, as depicted in
The apparatus 110 may further include one or more anchor components that are used to permanently affix the apparatus 110 to the vertical structural member 180. With reference to
As described herein, the various components of the clamp are engageable with the one or more anchor components in order to define a position of the structural beam 170 in the pocket 105. The various components of the clamp are further engageable with the one or more anchor components in order to selectively adjust the position of the structural beam 170, as needed. In this regard, the exploded view includes a collection of nuts that are threadably engageable with the respective first and second anchor components 150a, 150b. With reference to
With further reference to
The apparatus 110 may be coupled or assembled such that that apparatus 110 is configured to receive and secure the end 172 of the structural beam 170. For example, the first frame portion 112 and the second frame portion 120 may be coupled with one another to collectively define the frame having the pocket 105. As shown in the example of
The apparatus 110 may further be coupled or assembled using the reinforcement shelves 160a, 160b to maintain the size of the pocket 105 during construction of the vertical structural member 180 due to hydrostatic pressure. As shown with reference to
In preparation for assembly with the vertical structural member 180, the apparatus may be further coupled with components of the clamp and the components of the at least one anchor component. For purposes of illustration, and with reference to
The apparatus 110 may be further coupled with the first anchor component 150a. The first anchor frame nut 165d may be threaded onto the threaded portion 152a. The first anchor component 150a may then be advanced through the through portion 121a of the bottom panel 129 and the through portion 147a of the structural angle 146. For example, the first anchor component 150a may be advanced through the through portions 121a, 147a such that the pocket end 154a is positioned in the pocket 105 with the threaded portion 152a being partially arranged in the pocket 105 as well. The first anchor frame nut 165d may be outside of the pocket 105 and limit the advancement of the first anchor component 150a into the pocket 105, as shown in
Next, components of the clamp may be arranged in the pocket 105 and engaged with the first and second anchor components 150a, 150b. To support the engagement of the clamp, initially, the first anchor bearing plate nut 165b and the first anchor structural angle nut 165c may be threaded onto the threaded portion 152a of the first anchor component 150a. Similarly the second anchor bearing plate nut 166b and the second anchor structural angle nut 166c may be threaded onto the threaded portion 152b of the second anchor component 150b. The first anchor structural angle nut 165c and the second anchor structural angle nut 166c may be threaded onto the respective threaded portions 152a, 152b in order to secure the structural angle 146 to the bottom panel 129 of the second frame portion 120. For example, the first anchor structural angle nut 165c and the second anchor structural angle nut 166c may be threaded onto the respective threaded portions 152a, 152b such that the structural angle 146 is maintained in a position with the first portion 147a defining a side of the pocket 105 and a second portion 147b being outside the pocket 105 and generally perpendicular to a bottom side of the pocket 105.
The first anchor bearing plate nut 165b and the second anchor bearing plate nut 166b may be threaded onto to the respective threaded portions 152a, 152b in order to define a seat for the bearing plate 140. For example, the bearing plate 140 may be engaged with the first and second anchor components 150a, 150b with the through portion 144a advanced to receive the pocket end 154a and through portion 144b advanced to receive the pocket end 154b. The bearing plate 140, upon receipt, may rest on the first anchor bearing plate nut 165b and the second anchor bearing plate nut 166b. The first anchor bearing plate nut 165b and the second anchor bearing plate nut 166b may therefore be adjusted relative to the threaded portions 152a, 152b in order to selectively define a position of the bearing plate 140 within the pocket 105.
The apparatus 110 may be further coupled by engaging the first clamp portion 130a with the first anchor component 150a. For example, the through portion 136a of the first clamp portion 130a may be advanced to receive the pocket end 154a of the first anchor component 150a. The first anchor clamp portion nut 165a may then be threaded onto the threaded portion 152a in order to secure the first clamp portion 130a in place. Similarly, the second clamp portion 130b may be engaged with the second anchor component 150b. For example, the through portion 136b of the second clamp portion 130b may be advanced to receive the pocket end 154b of the second anchor component 150b. The second anchor clamp portion nut 166a may then be threaded onto the threaded portion 152b in order to secure the second clamp portion 130b in place.
For purposes of illustration, the apparatus 110 is shown in
In operation, the apparatus 110 may be coupled with a vertical structural members, of various types, and subsequently manipulated in order to receive and secure and end of a structural beam relative to the vertical structural member. In the case of a concrete wall, for example, the apparatus 110 may be arranged in a manner for permanent attachment to the wall. By way of illustration,
Prior to connecting to the formworks, the apparatus 110 may be modified to accommodate a particular size of a structural beam. For example, the first frame portion 112 and the second frame portion 120 may be moved relative to one another in order to define a size of the pocket 105, as described above in relation to
As illustrated in
For example, and with reference to
The concrete of the vertical structural member 180 may be cured and the formworks removed, as shown in
Next, the structural beam 170 may be received by the apparatus 110. To accommodate the structural beam 170, the reinforcement shelves 160a, 160b may be removed from the respective first and second frame portions 112, 120. For example, set screws or other fasteners may be removed from the reinforcement shelves 160a, 160b such that that the reinforcement shelves 160a, 160b can be separated from the first and second frame portions 112, 120 and recycled or discarded. In order to further prepare for receiving the structural beam 170, the first and second clamp portions 130a, 130b may also be temporarily removed by the unthreading of the first and second anchor clamp portion nuts 165a, 166a.
With the foregoing components removed, the structural beam 170 can be received by the apparatus 110. For example, and as shown in
With the structural beam 170 arranged at a desired position in the pocket 105, the clamp may operate to secure the end 172 of the structural beam 170 in the pocket 105. For example, and as illustrated in
With reference to
The apparatus 210 may be substantially analogous to the apparatus 110 and include, among other components, a frame defining a pocket 205, a clamp within the pocket configured to secure an end 272 of a structural beam 270. The clamp of the apparatus 220 may be configured to selectively define the position of the structural beam 270 relative to the frame. The apparatus 210 may further include one or more anchor components extending away from the frame for mounting with the vertical structural member.
In one example, the apparatus 210 may be connected to the blocks of the vertical structural member 280 prior to pouring of concrete in the space 286. For examples, lips 218a, 218b and/or lips 228a, 228b of the frame may be coupled to an one or more adjacent blocks of the modular construction of blocks in order to arrange the apparatus 220 in the wall with the anchor components extending into the space 286. Concrete may be poured into the space 286 and engage the at one anchor components of the apparatus 210 that are positioned in the space 286 such that the apparatus 210 become permanently attached to the wall. In turn, the structural beam 270 may be connected to the apparatus 220 in a manner substantially analogous to that as described above with respect to
Turning to
With reference to
Notwithstanding the foregoing similarities, the apparatus 310 may include a bearing plate 340, as shown in
With reference to
Notwithstanding the foregoing similarities, the apparatus 410 may include a bearing plate 440, as shown in
To facilitate the reader's understanding of the various functionalities of the examples discussed herein, reference is now made to the flow diagram in
At operation 2804, an apparatus having a pocket is set in a concrete wall. For example, and with reference to
At operation 2808, an end of a beam is set on a bearing plate of the apparatus. For example, and with reference to
At operation 2812, a flange of the beam is clamped to the bearing plate using first and second clamping components of the apparatus. For example, and with reference to
Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations. Also, as used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items prefaced by “at least one of” indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Further, the term “exemplary” does not mean that the described example is preferred or better than other examples.
The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, uses specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described examples. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described examples. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of the specific examples described herein are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not targeted to be exhaustive or to limit the examples to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Design patent application Ser. No. 29/707,888 filed Oct. 1, 2019 entitled “BEAM POCKET”, the entire disclosures of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 29707888 | Oct 2019 | US |
Child | 17502968 | US |