Patent Application
20190078509
The present invention relates to a bearing device and an exhaust turbine turbocharger to which the bearing device is applied.
In the related art, for example, PTL 1 discloses a journal bearing (a floating bush bearing). In the journal bearing, a communication hole for lubricating oil is formed from an outer peripheral surface supported by a bearing housing toward an inner peripheral surface supporting a rotating shaft.
[PTL 1] Japanese Patent No. 5337227
As described above, with respect to the journal bearing in which the communication hole for lubricating hole is formed from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface, in the bearing housing supporting the journal bearing, a lubricating oil supply passage is formed toward the outer peripheral surface of the journal bearing. In addition, a lubricating oil is supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the journal bearing through the lubricating oil supply passage. A portion of the lubricating oil supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the journal bearing forms an oil film between the outer peripheral surface of the journal bearing and the bearing housing, and the other portion of the lubricating oil is supplied to the inner peripheral surface of the journal bearing through the communication hole for lubricating oil to form an oil film between the inner peripheral surface of the journal bearing and the rotating shaft. Accordingly, the journal bearing rotatably supports the rotating shaft.
Meanwhile, in recent years, according to a reduction in a size of an engine corresponding to the improvement of fuel consumption, a reduction in a size and high efficiency of an exhaust turbine turbocharger are required. Accordingly, the maximum rotation speed of the exhaust turbine turbocharger increases. That is, a rotation speed of the rotating shaft increases. A force which returns the lubricating oil from the inner peripheral surface side of the journal bearing to the outer peripheral surface side thereof is applied to the communication hole for lubricating oil by a centrifugal force when the rotating shaft rotates at a high speed, and an amount of the lubricating oil on the inner peripheral surface of the journal bearing decreases. Moreover, in a case where the lubricating oil on the inner peripheral surface of the journal bearing is exhausted, there is a concern that seizure of the inner peripheral surface of the journal bearing and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft may occur. Meanwhile, in order to solve the above-described problem, it is conceivable to increase a supply pressure of the lubricating oil supplied from the lubricating oil supply passage. However, if the supply pressure is too high, discharge of the lubricating oil from the vicinity of the journal bearing increases, and as a result, there is a concern that an amount of the lubricating oil supplied to the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the journal bearing may decrease. In addition, when the rotating shaft is rotated at a low speed, the lubricating oil may be sucked into the inner peripheral surface along a side surface of the journal bearing, and thus, a ratio of a bearing loss caused by a stirring resistance of the lubricating oil increases.
The present invention is made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a bearing device and an exhaust turbine turbocharger capable of supplying an appropriate amount of lubricating oil.
In order to achieve the above-described object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bearing device including: a rotating shaft; journal bearings which are provided on the rotating shaft, rotatably support the rotating shaft at at least two locations in an axial direction, and each of which includes an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface which do not communicate with each other; a bearing accommodating portion which forms a space portion accommodating each journal bearing; an outer peripheral surface-side lubricating oil supply passage which communicates with the space portion at a position of the outer peripheral surface of each journal bearing; and an intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage which communicates with the space portion at a position between the journal bearings.
According to this bearing device, a lubricating oil is supplied to the outer peripheral surfaces of the respective journal bearings through the respective outer peripheral surface-side lubricating oil supply passages. In addition, the lubricating oil is supplied to the space portion accommodating the journal bearings through the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage, and thus, the lubricating oil is supplied to the inner peripheral surfaces of the journal bearings. In this way, the lubricating oil is separately supplied to the outer peripheral surfaces and the inner peripheral surfaces of the journal bearings, respectively, and thus, it is possible to supply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil without excess or deficiency. Moreover, according to this bearing device, the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of each journal bearing do not communicate with each other, and thus, it is possible to prevent a force by which the lubricating oil is returned from the inner peripheral surface of the journal bearing to the outer peripheral surface side from being applied by a centrifugal force when the rotating shaft is rotated at a high speed, and thus, it is possible to prevent an amount of the lubricating oil from decreasing on the inner peripheral surface of each journal bearing.
In addition, in the bearing device of the present invention, the journal bearings are configured to be separated from each other, and the bearing device further includes a nozzle which is provided at a discharge port at which the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage communicates with the space portion and is disposed such that an injection port of the nozzle faces each journal bearing.
According to this bearing device, the lubricating oil is injected to the respective journal bearings by the nozzle, and thus, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to a portion between the inner peripheral surface of each journal bearing and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft.
Moreover, in the bearing device of the present invention, the journal bearings are configured to be separated from each other, and the bearing device further includes a tubular member which is provided between the journal bearings such that the rotating shaft is inserted into the tubular member and is accommodated in the space portion of the bearing accommodating portion, and a through-hole which penetrates the tubular member in a radial direction and communicates with the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage.
According to this bearing device, the tubular member having the through-hole formed to communicate with the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage is disposed between the journal bearings configured to be separated from each other in the space portion of the bearing accommodating portion, and thus, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the portion between the inner peripheral surface of each journal bearing and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft via the tubular member.
In order to achieve the above-described object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an exhaust turbine turbocharger including: a turbine; a compressor; a rotating shaft which coaxially connects the turbine and the compressor to each other; a journal bearing which is provided on the rotating shaft and rotatably supports the rotating shaft; and the above-described bearing device.
According to this exhaust turbine turbocharger, the lubricating oil is supplied to the outer peripheral surfaces of the respective journal bearings through the respective outer peripheral surface-side lubricating oil supply passages. In addition, the lubricating oil is supplied to the space portion accommodating the journal bearings through the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage, and thus, the lubricating oil is supplied to the inner peripheral surfaces of the journal bearings. In this way, the lubricating oil is separately supplied to the outer peripheral surfaces and the inner peripheral surfaces of the journal bearings, respectively, and thus, it is possible to supply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil without excess or deficiency. As a result, it is possible to rotate the rotating shaft at a high speed, and it is possible to reduce a size of the exhaust turbine turbocharger and increase efficiency thereof.
According to the present invention, it is possible to supply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil.
Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, the present invention is not limited by the embodiment. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiment include constituent elements which can be easily replaced by those skilled in the art or constituent elements which are substantially the same.
An exhaust turbine turbocharger 11 shown in
An inside of the housing 15 is formed in a hollow shape, and the housing 15 includes a turbine housing 15A forming a first space portion S1 in which a configuration of the turbine 12 is accommodated, a compressor cover 15B forming a second space portion S2 in which a configuration of the compressor 13 is accommodated, and a bearing housing 15C forming a third space portion S3 in which the rotating shaft 14 is accommodated. The third space portion S3 of the bearing housing 15C is positioned between the first space portion S1 of the turbine housing 15A and the second space portion S2 of the compressor cover 15B.
In the rotating shaft 14, an end portion on the turbine 12 side is rotatably supported by a journal bearing 21 which is a turbine-side bearing, an end portion on the compressor 13 side is rotatably supported by a journal bearing 22 which is a compressor-side bearing, and a movement of the rotating shaft 14 in an axial direction in which the rotating shaft 14 extends is regulated by a thrust bearing 23. In addition, a turbine disk 24 of the turbine 12 is fixed to one end portion of the rotating shaft 14 in the axial direction. The turbine disk 24 is accommodated in the first space portion S1 of the turbine housing 15A, and a plurality of turbine blades 25 forming an axial flow type are provided on an outer peripheral portion of the turbine disk 24 with a predetermined gap therebetween in a circumferential direction. In addition, a compressor impeller 31 of the compressor 13 is fixed to the other end portion of the rotating shaft 14 in the axial direction, the compressor impeller 31 is accommodated in the second space portion S2 of the compressor cover 15B, and a plurality of blades 32 are provided on an outer peripheral portion of the compressor impeller 31 with a predetermined gap therebetween in the circumferential direction.
Moreover, the turbine housing 15A includes an inlet passage 26 of an exhaust gas and an outlet passage 27 of the exhaust gas with respect to the turbine blades 25. In addition, in the turbine housing 15A, a turbine nozzle 28 is provided between the inlet passage 26 and the turbine blades 25, an axial exhaust gas flow which is statically pressure-expanded by the turbine nozzle 28 is led to the plurality of turbine blades 25 by the turbine nozzle 28, and thus, the turbine 12 can be rotationally driven. In addition, the compressor cover 15B includes an air intake port 33 and a compressed air discharge port 34 with respect to the compressor impeller 31. In addition, in the compressor cover 15B, a diffuser 35 is provided between the compressor impeller 31 and the compressed air discharge port 34. Air compressed by the compressor impeller 31 is discharged through the diffuser 35.
In the exhaust turbine turbocharger 11 configured as described above, the turbine 12 is driven by an exhaust gas discharged from an engine (not shown), a rotation of the turbine 12 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 14 to drive the compressor 13, and the compressor 13 compresses a combustion gas to supply the compressed combustion gas to the engine. Accordingly, the exhaust gas from the engine passes through the inlet passage 26 of the exhaust gas and is statically pressure-expanded by the turbine nozzle 28, and the axial exhaust gas flow is led to the plurality of turbine blades 25. Therefore, the turbine 12 is rotationally driven via the turbine disk 24 to which the plurality of turbine blades 25 are fixed. In addition, the exhaust gas which drives the plurality of turbine blades 25 is discharged to the outside from the outlet passage 27. Meanwhile, if the rotating shaft 14 is rotated by the turbine 12, and the integral compressor impeller 31 is rotated, and air is sucked through the air intake port 33. The sucked air is compressed by the compressor impeller 31 and becomes compressed air, and the compressed air is supplied from the compressed air discharge port 34 to the engine through the diffuser 35.
In addition, in the exhaust turbine turbocharger 11, a lubricating oil supply passage 40 through which a lubricating oil is supplied to the journal bearings 21 and and the thrust bearing 23 is provided in the bearing housing 15C. The lubricating oil supply passage 40 includes a first supply passage 41 formed in a radial direction on an upper portion of the bearing housing 15C, a second supply passage 42 formed in the axial direction on the upper portion of the bearing housing 15C, a third supply passage (outer peripheral surfaced-side lubricating oil supply passage) 43 which communicates with the journal bearing 21, a fourth supply passage (outer peripheral surface-side lubricating oil supply passage) 44 which communicates with the journal bearing 22, a fifth supply passage 45 which communicates with the thrust bearing 23, and a sixth supply passage (intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage) 46 which communicates with a space portion 16A of a bearing accommodating portion 16. A base end portion of the first supply passage 41 is connected to a lubricating oil tank (not show), and a tip end portion thereof is connected to an intermediate portion of the second supply passage 42. A base end portion of the third supply passage 43 communicates with the second supply passage 42 and a tip end portion thereof communicates with the journal bearing 21. A base end portion of the fourth supply passage 44 communicates with the second supply passage 42 and a tip end portion thereof communicates with the journal bearing 22. A base end portion of the fifth supply passage 45 communicates with the second supply passage 42 and a tip end portion thereof communicates with the thrust bearing 23. A base end portion of the sixth supply passage 46 communicates with the second supply passage 42 and a tip end portion thereof communicates with the space portion 16A of the bearing accommodating portion 16 between the two journal bearings 21 and 22.
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
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As shown in
As shown in
That is, each of the thrust ring 17 and the thrust sleeve 18 is disposed such that the thrust bearing 23 is interposed between the facing portions 17ba and 18ba positioned one side of the flange portions 17b and 18b. Accordingly, the thrust bearing 23 regulates the axial movement of the rotating shaft 14 via the thrust ring 17 and the thrust sleeve 18.
In addition, as shown in
Here, a flow of the lubricating oil will be described. Although it is not shown in the drawings, in the bearing housing 15C, a base end portion of a lubricating oil discharge pipe is connected to the lower portion of the third space portion S3. A tip end portion of the lubricating oil discharge pipe is connected to an oil pan. The oil pan is connected to the lubricating oil tank, which is connected to first supply passage 41 of the lubricating oil supply passage 40, via a lubricating oil circulation line. An oil pump and an oil filter are interposed in the lubricating oil circulation line, and the lubricating oil of which impurities are filtered by the oil filter is fed from the oil pan to the lubricating oil tank via the lubricating oil circulation line by the oil pump. In addition, the lubricating oil is supplied from the lubricating oil tank to the first supply passage 41.
The lubricating oil supplied to the first supply passage 41 is led to the third supply passage 43, the fourth supply passage 44, the fifth supply passage 45, and the sixth supply passage 46 via the second supply passage 42. The lubricating oil led to the third supply passage 43 is supplied to the outer peripheral surface 21b of the journal bearing 21. In addition, the lubricating oil led to the fourth supply passage 44 is supplied to the outer peripheral surface 22b of the journal bearing 22. Moreover, the lubricating oil led to the sixth supply passage 46 is fed to the space portion 16A of the bearing accommodating portion 16 to be accommodated in the space portion 16A of the bearing accommodating portion 16. The lubricating oil is supplied to the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the respective journal bearings 21 and 22. In addition, the lubricating oil led to the fifth supply passage 45 is supplied to the passage 23b of the thrust bearing 23.
In the journal bearing 21, as described above, the lubricating oil is supplied to each of the outer peripheral surface 21b and the inner peripheral surface 21c. Accordingly, the journal bearing 21 is rotatably supported by the bearing accommodating portion 16 using the lubricating oil supplied to a portion between the outer peripheral surface 21b and the inner surface 16a of the bearing accommodating portion 16, and rotatably supports the rotating shaft 14 by the lubricating oil supplied to a portion between the inner peripheral surface 21c and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14.
In the journal bearing 21, the lubricating oil supplied to the outer peripheral surface 21b side and the inner peripheral surface 21c side flows from the passage 16b of the bearing accommodating portion 16 toward a lower portion of the third space portion S3 on the compressor 13 side. Meanwhile, in the journal bearing 21, the lubricating oil supplied to the outer peripheral surface 21b side and the inner peripheral surface 21c side flows to the side surface portion 21d side on the turbine 12 side, is fed to a radially outer side by a centrifugal force of the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 in the facing portion 24aa of the facing boss portion 24a so as to reach the oil discharge space chamber 47 on an outer peripheral portion of the boss portion 24a, and flows from the oil discharge space chamber 47 to the lower portion of the third space portion S3.
In the journal bearing 22, as described above, the lubricating oil is supplied to each of the outer peripheral surface 22b and the inner peripheral surface 22c. Accordingly, the journal bearing 22 is rotatably supported by the bearing accommodating portion 16 using the lubricating oil supplied to the portion between the outer peripheral surface 22b and the inner surface 16a of the bearing accommodating portion 16, and the journal bearing 22 rotatably supports the rotating shaft 14 by the lubricating oil supplied to the portion between the inner peripheral surface 22c and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14.
In the journal bearing 22, the lubricating oil supplied to the outer peripheral surface 22b side and the inner peripheral surface 22c side flows from the passage 16b of the bearing accommodating portion 16 toward a lower portion of the third space portion S3 on the turbine 12 side. Meanwhile, in the journal bearing 22, the lubricating oil supplied to the outer peripheral surface 22b side and the inner peripheral surface 22c side flows to the side surface portion 22d side on the compressor 13 side, is fed to a radially outer side by the centrifugal force of the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 in the facing portion 17bb of the flange portion 17b of the facing thrust ring 17, and flows to the lower portion of the third space portion S3 through a clearance 48.
In the thrust bearing 23, the lubricating oil supplied to the insertion hole 23a is led to portions between the respective plate surfaces 23c and 23d of the thrust bearing 23 and the respective facing portions 17ba and 18ba of the flange portions 17b and 18b. Accordingly, the thrust bearing 23 decreases a friction resistance between the facing portions 17ba and 18ba by the lubricating oil supplied to the portion between the respective facing portions 17ba and 18ba of the flange portions 17b and 18b while regulating the axial movement of the rotating shaft 14 between the facing portions 17ba and 18ba.
In the thrust bearing 23, on the facing portion 18ba side of the flange portion 18b of the thrust sleeve 18, the lubricating oil is fed to the radially outer side by the centrifugal force of the rotation of the rotating shaft 14, a portion of the lubricating oil flows to the lower portion of the third space portion S3 on the lower side of the flange portion 18b along an outer peripheral portion of the flange portion 18b, and a portion of the lubricating oil reaches the oil storage space 19a of the oil storage portion 19. The oil storage portion 19 includes a tongue piece 19b which extends from the lower side of the oil storage portion 19, and the oil storage space 19a is formed around the rotating shaft 14 and communicates with the lower portion of the third space portion S3 via the tongue piece 19b. Accordingly, the lubricating oil which has reached the oil storage space 19a flows to the lower portion of the third space portion S3 along the tongue piece 19b. Meanwhile, in the thrust bearing 23, on the facing portion 17ba side of the flange portion 17b of the thrust ring 17, the lubricating oil is fed to the radially outer side by the centrifugal force of the rotation of the rotating shaft 14. The clearance 48 is formed between the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion 17b and the bearing housing 15C, and the clearance 48 communicates with the lower portion of the third space portion. Accordingly, the lubricating oil fed to the radially outer side on the facing portion 17ba side flows to the lower portion of the third space portion S3 through the clearance 48.
In addition, the lubricating oil which has flowed from each location to the lower portion of the third space portion S3 is fed to the oil pan via the lubricating oil discharge pipe (not shown).
In this way, the bearing device of the present embodiment includes the rotating shaft 14, the journal bearings 21 and 22 which are provided on the rotating shaft 14 and rotatably support the rotating shaft 14 at at least two location in the axial direction, the bearing accommodating portion 16 which forms the space portion 16A accommodating the journal bearings 21 and 22, the third supply passage 43 and the fourth supply passage 44 which are the respect outer peripheral surface-side lubricating oil supply passages which communicate with the space portion 16A at the outer peripheral surfaces 21b and 22b of the journal bearings 21 and 22, and the sixth supply passage 46 which is the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage which communicates with the space portion 16A at the position between the journal bearings 21 and 22.
According to this bearing device, the lubricating oil is supplied to the outer peripheral surfaces 21b and 22b of the respective journal bearings 21 and 22 through the third supply passage 43 and the fourth supply passage 44 which are the respective outer peripheral surface-side lubricating oil supply passages. In addition, the lubricating oil is supplied to the space portion 16A which accommodates the journal bearings 21 and 22 through the sixth supply passage 46 which is the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage, and thus, the lubricating oil is supplied to the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the journal bearings 21 and 22. In this way, the lubricating oil is separately supplied to the outer peripheral surfaces 21b and 22b and the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the journal bearings 21 and 22, respectively, and thus, it is possible to supply an appropriate amount of lubricating oil without excess or deficiency.
In addition, in the bearing device of the present embodiment, the journal bearings 21 and 22 is configured such that the outer peripheral surfaces 21b and 22b and the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c do not communicate with each other.
According to this bearing device, it is possible to prevent a force by which the lubricating oil is returned from the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c sides of the journal bearings 21 and 22 to the outer peripheral surface 21b and 22b sides thereof from being applied by a centrifugal force when the rotating shaft 14 is rotated at a high speed, and thus, it is possible to prevent the amount of the lubricating oil from decreasing on the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the journal bearings 21 and 22. In addition, in a case where the applied centrifugal force when the rotating shaft 14 is rotated is small, a communication hole for lubricating oil (not shown) which communicate with the outer peripheral surfaces 21b and 22b and the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the journal bearings 21 and 22 may be provided. Moreover, in a case where the communication hole for lubricating oil is provided, preferably, the communication hole for lubricating oil has a hole diameter so as not to be affected by the centrifugal force when the rotating shaft 14 is rotated.
In addition, as shown in
According to this bearing device, the lubricating oil is injected to the respective journal bearings 21 and 22 by the nozzle 51, and thus, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the portions between the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the journal bearings 21 and 22 and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14.
In the bearing device shown in
According to this bearing device, the tubular member 52 having the through-holes 52a formed to communicate with the sixth supply passage 46 which is the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage is disposed between the journal bearings 21 and 22 configured to be separated from each other in the space portion 16A of the bearing accommodating portion 16, and thus, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the portions between the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the respective journal bearings 21 and 22 and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14 via the tubular member 52.
Moreover, if the opening areas of the through-holes 52a are formed to be smaller than the opening area of the passage 16b communicating with the lower portion of the third space portion S3 in the bearing accommodating portion 16, an amount of the lubricating oil discharged to the lower portion of the third space portion S3 is limited, and thus, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the portions between the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the respective journal bearings 21 and 22 and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14.
In the bearing device shown in
According to this bearing device, the journal bearings 21 and 22 may be provided to be connected to each other. In addition, in the case where the connection portion 53 is a tubular member, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the portions between the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the respective journal bearings 21 and 22 and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14 via the tubular member.
Moreover, in a case where the connection portion 53 is the tubular member and the through-holes 53a penetrating the tubular member in the radial direction are formed such that the tubular member communicates with the sixth supply passage 46 which is the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passage, if the opening areas of the through-holes 53a are formed to be smaller than the opening area of the passage 16b communicating with the lower portion of the third space portion S3 in the bearing accommodating portion 16, an amount of the lubricating oil discharged to the lower portion of the third space portion S3 is limited, and thus, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the portions between the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the journal bearings 21 and 22 and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14.
In the bearing device shown in
According to this bearing device, sixth supply passages 46A and 46B which are the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passages deviate from positions directly above the passage 16b communicating with the lower portion of the third space portion S3 and are provided around the respective journal bearings 21 and 22 corresponding to the respective journal bearings 21 and 22, and thus, it is possible to reliably supply the lubricating oil to the portions between the inner peripheral surfaces 21c and 22c of the journal bearings 21 and 22 and the outer peripheral surface 14a of the rotating shaft 14.
Moreover, although it is not shown in the drawings, a nozzle of which an injection port faces the respective journal bearings 21 and 22 may be provided in each of the sixth supply passages 46A and 46B which are the intermediate portion lubricating oil supply passages.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/056306 | 3/1/2016 | WO | 00 |
