Patent Application
20050241859
The present invention relates to a bedrock drilling and excavating apparatus and particularly to a drilling and excavating apparatus that receives power from a rotational power source and has a pneumatic unit vibrating up and down reciprocally to drive drill gimlets to strike continuously downwards under the gravity of the drilling and excavating apparatus to shatter the bedrock.
Drilling and excavating apparatus are generally being used on construction sites to drill and excavate the stratum. The stratum generally can be divided into soft stratum and hard stratum depending on the areas. In the countries of Southeast Asia (Such as Malaysia) the stratum usually is a hard type bedrock. The hardness increases as the depth of the bedrock increases.
The drills used in the conventional drilling and excavating operation such as the one disclosed in R.O.C. patent publication No. 356896 entitled “Improved structure for drilling sleeve” has a drill with a helical periphery. It may be rotated continuously to sink into the stratum. When drilling deeper into the stratum, the stratum becomes harder and drilling speed is slower. Sometimes drilling and excavation operations cannot be continued and have to stop. To remedy this problem, R.O.C. patent publication No. 415320 entitled: “Improvement for the drill of air hammer” proposes to use a pneumatic approach to drive the drill to generate up and down vibrations, and the drill has a high hardness steel ball to enhance the strength of drilling and excavation. During drilling and excavating operations, the drill is driven by the pneumatic air hammer to generate up and down vibration to shatter the bedrock. The drill structure of having the high hardness steel ball on one end is expensive. When the drilling diameter increases, the diameters of the drill and the air hammer also have to increase. The costs are higher. Moreover, to strike the hard bedrock through the high hardness steel ball is easy to damage the drill.
In addition, during operations, the steel ball on the plane of the drill strikes the bedrock vertically. It is less likely to create large cracks on the bedrock, and the drill is easily damaged. With the steel ball on the drill plane hitting the bedrock vertically, the longitudinal striking force causes dusts to drift vertically. The rotating drill that sinks deeply into the stratum often generates a great amount of dusts which spread like water fall. This results in an undesirable working environment and is harmful to the workers.
Furthermore, in terms of operations, the conventional drilling and excavating process of the bedrock mainly includes two stages: the first stage is to hoist the drilling and excavating apparatus by a heavy machinery and to drill the bedrock until reaching a selected depth, then withdraw the drill; the second stage is to sink an earth excavation barrel by the heavy machinery to excavate the shattered rocks and soils, then proceed the next drilling and excavating operation for a deeper stratum. The shattering operation of the first stage and the excavating operation of the second stage are repeatedly performed. To use merely a single heavy machinery to perform the operations, the hoisting head has to be replaced repeatedly. It will result in higher costs, increased operation time and greater risks. The heavy machinery used on the construction site usually is bulky and heavy. Operation is tedious and risk on the construction site is higher.
Therefore the primary object of the invention is to provide a drilling and excavating apparatus that receives power from a rotational power source. A pneumatic unit is provided which may vibrate up and down reciprocally to drive a drill to strike continuously downward under the gravity of the drilling and excavating apparatus to shatter the bedrock. A drill shell is provided that may be altered according to the diameter of the service shaft without changing the diameter of the pneumatic unit. The drill shell has a plurality of conical drill gimlets located thereon and arranged in different biased angles to strike and shatter bedrock effectively, and the drilling and excavation speed may increase.
The apparatus according to the invention includes a coupling device to transmit power of a rotational power source and channel air intake of an air pressure source to generate vibration. The coupling device has a coupling axle coupled by an air intake hood from outside. The coupling axle has an upper end to receive transmission input of the rotating power source. The air intake hood communicates with the coupling axle to receive compressed air from the air pressure source. A coupling sleeve is provided that has one end coupled with a lower end of the coupling axle and a connector which couples with a pneumatic unit. The pneumatic unit is coupled with a drill and drives the drill to vibrate reciprocally.
Another object of the invention is to provide an excavator to remove shattered rocks and waste soils from the service shaft while the drilling operation is proceeding in a single process, thereby to increase drilling and excavating efficiency.
Yet another object of the invention is to reduce the cost and prevent dusts from drifting and spreading.
The foregoing, as well as additional objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Please referring to
a coupling device 10 to connect and transmit a rotational power source and channel air intake of an air pressure source to generate vibration. It includes a coupling axle 11 and an air intake hood 12 coupling on the periphery of the coupling axle 11. The coupling axle 11 has a first housing trough 111 on an upper end to couple with a driving shaft (not shown in the drawings) and a fastening bore 113 to receive a pin A to fasten the driving shaft to the upper end of the coupling axle 11. The coupling axle 11 has a second housing trough 112 on a lower end and fastening bores 114 on two sides. The second housing trough 112 has an aperture 115 in the middle formed in a normal and cross manner. The air intake hood 12 is located around the aperture 115 and has an air inlet 121 on one side connecting to the air pressure source to receive compressed air into the coupling axle 11 through the aperture 115. The air intake hood 12 couples on the outer wall of the coupling axle 11 and is wedged by O-ring 13 to form a sealed space for the air. There is a bearing 14 located between the air intake hood 12 and the coupling axle 11 to prevent the air intake hood 12 from rotating with the coupling axle 11;
a coupling sleeve 20 which has two cavities 21 on the outer wall of one end corresponding to the fastening bores 114 of the second housing trough 112 to receive pins A to fasten the coupling axle 11 and a third housing trough 22 on another end. The third housing trough 22 has two fastening bores 221 on the inner wall. Depending on the drilling depth, the coupling sleeve 20 of different lengths may be replaced and used, or more than one coupling sleeve 20 may be coupled and used;
a connector 30 which has one end shrunk to form a cavity 31 to match the fastening bores 221 of the third housing trough 22 to receive pins A to couple the connector 30 at the lower end of the coupling sleeve 20. The connector 30 has internal screw threads 32 formed on another end. The middle portion of the connector 30 has a pivotal seat 33 with two pivotal holes 34 on two sides;
a drill 40 to couple with a pneumatic unit 50. The pneumatic unit 50 has external screw threads 51 on one end to couple with the internal screw threads 32 of the connector 30. The drill 40 has helical shells 41 at one end that have a plurality of drill gimlets 42 located thereon at different angles in a biased manner. Each of the drill gimlets 42 has a conical end. The drill shells 41 may be altered according to the diameter of the service shaft 70 without changing the diameter of the pneumatic unit 50. The conical and biased drill gimlets 42 exert forces in a biased manner and can effectively strike and shatter the bedrock and increase the drilling speed. The drill 40 has another end coupled with the pneumatic unit 50 which drives the drill 40 to vibrate reciprocally to shatter the bedrock. The pneumatic unit 50 includes a cylinder 52 which houses a reciprocal piston 53. Compressed air may be channeled into the cylinder 52 to push and move the piston 53. A reciprocal mechanism 54 is provided to drive the piston 53 moving reciprocally in the cylinder 52 thereby to drive the drill 40 to vibrate up and down; and
an excavator 60 which includes symmetrical conical barrels that have respectively a hollow housing chamber 61 for holding excavated soils. The excavator 60 has a pair of lugs 62 on an upper end to couple with the pivotal holes 34 of the connector 30 to receive pins A to pivotally couple the excavator 60 on the pivotal seat 33 of the connector 30. The excavator 60 has a one-way lid 64 pivotally coupled on a pivot axis 63 on the bottom (referring to
By means of the construction set forth above, when in use as shown in
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The excavator 90 is a tubular structure with a continuous helical wing 91 wound on the periphery thereof. The entire excavator 90 is coupled on the pneumatic unit 50 from outside (between the connector 30 and the drill 40) and fastened together. While the drill 40 is turned and drills downwards, the excavator 90 rotates synchronously. The helical wing 91 rotates to scoop the dry shattered rocks and waste soils. When the drilling operation stops at a selected depth, and the drill 40 is moved upwards, the shattered rocks and waste soils are moved out with the helical wing 91. Thus drilling and excavating of shattered rocks and waste soils in the service shaft 70 may be accomplished in one process.
While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been set forth for the purpose of disclosure, modifications of the disclosed embodiments of the invention as well as other embodiments thereof may occur to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims are tended to cover all embodiments which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.
