FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of carton opening systems, and more particularly to a carton opening system that is capable of adapting to opening a flat carton in either right hand or left hand configuration.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cartons used for packaging products for storage or for shipment are typically made of corrugated board that has been die cut, scored, and glued to form a flat carton. A quantity of flat cartons are stacked and delivered to a production packaging line where the individual cartons are expanded from the flat condition to a rectangular tubular condition. The flaps on one end of the opened tubular carton are folded inward to close the bottom of the carton while the flaps on the top of the opened tubular carton remain unfolded.
While some cartons have equal sized side and end panels so as to become a square shape when opened, most cartons are unequal rectangles with two long side panels and two short end panels, the long side panels being in relatively opposing positions and the short end panels being in relatively opposing positions. When a stack of cartons is positioned at the production packaging line, the cartons are oriented with a set of flaps facing up and the opposite set of flaps facing down prior to opening the cartons for filling. As viewing a vertically oriented flat carton in side elevation, if the long side panel is to be moved to the left in order to open the carton, it is a left hand carton. Conversely, if the long side panel is to be moved to the right in order to open the carton, the carton is a right hand carton.
Numerous machine systems have been developed to open flat cartons into tubular shape. However, the known equipment for this opening process is basically for opening either left hand cartons or right hand cartons. Maintaining the left hand or right hand positioning of cartons is important because the printing on the carton panels must be properly oriented. Some of the present carton opening machines may be mechanically adjusted, e.g. by changing a gear or pulley, to change the configuration of the carton that will be formed from flat into tubular shape. Mechanical adjustment necessarily requires time and adds cost. Therefore, a need exists for a carton opening system able to be switched quickly from a left hand opening condition to a right hand opening condition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention disclosed herein provides a system for opening left hand cartons or right hand cartons without requiring mechanical modification, the left hand and right hand capability defining the bi-directional facility of the invention system. The equipment employed has a fixed Y axis rail with two X axis rails connected thereto, a first X axis rail being fixed in position on the Y axis rail and a second X axis rail being moveable along the Y axis rail. A carton carrier is mounted to each of the X axis rails to be moveable along the length thereof. Each carton carrier has a carton gripper able to securely hold a panel of the carton as the carton carrier is moved along the respective rail. The moveable X axis rail is moved along the Y axis rail in coordination with the carton carriers being moved along the X axis rails to cause the carton to be opened to a rectangular tubular shape. When a left hand carton is being opened, the carton carrier on the fixed X axis rail remains at a position distal from the Y axis rail and the carton carrier on the moveable X axis rail is moved from being distal from the Y axis rail to being proximal thereto. When a right hand carton is being opened, the carton carrier on the fixed X axis rail moves from a position distal from the Y axis rail to a position proximal to the Y axis rail and the carton carrier on the moveable X axis rail remains proximal to the Y axis rail. The resultant opened rectangular tube in each left hand and right hand case is located similarly proximal to the Y axis rail to avoid the need to compensate for carton positioning to accommodate the subsequent operations of sealing and filling the carton.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention is best understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures in which like elements are identified by similar reference numerals and wherein:
FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C show a left hand carton in front perspective view undergoing the transition from a flat carton to an open tubular container with the bottom flaps folded.
FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C show a right hand carton in front perspective view undergoing the transition from a flat carton to an open tubular container with the bottom flaps folded.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top plan view of the bi-directional carton opening system of the present invention with a flat left hand carton in position for opening.
FIG. 4 is the system of FIG. 3 with the left hand carton partially opened.
FIG. 5 is the system of FIG. 4 with the left hand carton fully opened.
FIG. 6 is the system of FIG. 3 with a flat right hand carton in position for opening.
FIG. 7 is the system of FIG. 6 with the right hand carton partially opened.
FIG. 8 is the system of FIG. 7 with the right hand carton fully opened.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1A, a flat left hand carton 10 is seen in front perspective view. The printed word “BRAND” is used to clearly indicate the upright orientation of carton 10. As defined above, the required movement of the long side panel to the left to open carton 10 identifies carton 10 as a left hand carton. A long bottom side flap 12s and a short bottom end flap 12e will be folded into horizontal position after carton 10 is fully opened to a rectangular tubular form. A mirror image pair of bottom flaps (not seen) exists on the rear side of carton 10. The top flaps, not numbered, will be retained in open condition until carton 10 has been filled.
Referring now to FIG. 1B, left hand carton 10 described above has been opened to a rectangular tubular form. Long bottom side flap 12s and short bottom end flap 12e remain in downwardly extended condition.
Referring now to FIG. 1C, left hand carton 10 has undergone full opening with the long bottom side flaps and the short bottom end flaps discussed above having been folded to be in a substantially common horizontal plane, as is known.
Referring now to FIG. 2A, a flat right hand carton 14 is seen in front perspective view. The significant difference from carton 10 seen in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C is that the long front panel of right hand carton 14 is on the left to require being moved to the right when carton 14 is opened. A long bottom side flap 16s and a short bottom end flap 16e will be folded into horizontal position after carton 14 is fully opened to a rectangular tubular form. A mirror image pair of bottom flaps (not seen) exists on the rear side of carton 14. The top flaps, not numbered, will be retained in open condition until carton 14 has been filled.
Referring now to FIG. 2B, right hand carton 14 has been opened to a rectangular tubular form. Long bottom side flap 16s and short bottom end flap 16e remain downwardly extended.
Referring now to FIG. 2C, right hand carton 14 has undergone full opening with the long bottom side flaps and the short bottom end flaps folded to be substantially horizontally coplanar.
As is common in the industry, a supply of flat cartons (not shown) is positioned near or at the equipment for opening cartons from the flat condition to a rectangular tubular condition. A transporter is activated to move each flat carton in sequence from the supply station to the opening equipment. The following drawing figures show the equipment of the invention bi-directional carton opening system in schematic top plan view. According to the following description, the bi-directional carton opening system is capable of being switched from opening left hand cartons to opening right hand cartons without the requirement for mechanically modifying the equipment employed.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the bi-directional carton opening equipment comprises a Y axis rail 18 to which a first X axis rail 20 is assembled in fixed perpendicular relation. A second X axis rail 22 is assembled to Y axis rail 18 in perpendicular relation in a manner to allow motion along Y axis rail 18. A Y axis drive 28 is connected to move X axis rail 22 along Y axis rail 18. A first X axis carrier 36 is assembled to first X axis rail 20 in moveable relation along X axis rail 20. A plurality of grippers 38 is mounted to X axis carrier 36, grippers 38 being adapted for holding securely to a carton panel during opening operations. A first X axis drive 30 is connected in a manner to move X axis carrier 36 along X axis rail 20. A second X axis carrier 42 is assembled to second X axis rail 22 in moveable relation along X axis rail 22. A plurality of grippers 44 is mounted to second X axis carrier 42, grippers 44 being adapted for holding securely to a carton panel during opening operations. A second X axis drive 32 is connected in a manner to move X axis carrier 42 along X axis rail 22.
Referring further to FIG. 3, grippers 38 and grippers 44 are preferably vacuum activated grip units, e.g. suction cups. Y axis driver 28, first X axis driver 30 and second X axis driver 32 may be any known linear motion device, including a pulley and belt drive with a servo motor, a linear motor drive, a pneumatic cylinder drive, etc. Drives 28, 30, 32 and a controllable vacuum source connected to grippers 38, 44 are controlled by a microprocessor unit (not shown). The microprocessor is first set to open either a left hand carton or a right hand carton, in addition to being set to accommodate the dimensions and geometry of the cartons to be opened. Setting these parameters is accomplished by a manual control switch or by inputting a carton identification code through a user interface, e.g. a keyboard. Alternatively, the carton identification code may be set in response to reading a bar code or other pattern printed on the carton. The carton identification code defines a particular carton configuration by carton dimensions and left hand or right hand orientation. In a particular embodiment of the invention, flat cartons varying in size from 10×12 inches to 38×44 inches are readily handled. Alternate embodiments of the invention may accommodate a different range of flat carton dimensions.
Continuing with FIG. 3, once the parameters of the carton size and geometry are set, the first process step for a left hand carton is to move a flat left hand carton 10 from a supply station (not shown) and insert the carton between grippers 38 and 44 to be engaged thereby through the activation of a vacuum source (not shown). In the case of a left hand carton as described, first X axis carrier 36 and second X axis carrier 42 are similarly positioned at a distance A, distal from Y axis rail 18. With carton 10 in flat condition, second X axis rail 22 is positioned a distance D from first X axis rail 20.
Referring now to FIG. 4, carton 10 is shown as partly opened from the flat condition. The process for opening involves holding first X axis carrier 36 fixed in the position shown in FIG. 3 while Y axis driver 28 moves second X axis rail 22 away from first X axis rail 20 and simultaneously second X axis driver 32 moves second X axis carrier 42 toward Y axis rail 18. As illustrated, second X axis rail 22 is now a distance E from first X axis rail 20 and second X axis carrier 42 is a distance B from Y axis 18. Distance E is somewhat greater than distance D of FIG. 3 and distance B is somewhat less than distance A of FIG. 3. The coordinated motion of Y axis driver 28 and second X axis driver 32 is controlled by the microprocessor in accordance with established parameters relating to the size and geometry of the carton being opened.
Referring now to FIG. 5, carton 10 has been fully opened to a rectangular tube shape as seen in top plan view. First X axis carrier 36 remains in the position of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 while second X axis carrier 42 has moved closer to Y axis rail 18 and second X axis rail 22 has moved farther from first X axis rail 20. As illustrated, second X axis rail 22 now resides a distance F from first X axis rail 20 and second X axis carrier 42 resides a distance C from Y axis rail 18. Distance F is somewhat greater than distance E of FIG. 4 and distance C is somewhat less than distance B of FIG. 4. As will be understood, the motion of second X axis carrier 42 along X axis rail 22 and the motion of second X axis rail 22 along Y axis rail 18 follows a curved path determined by the relative length of the long side panel in comparison to the length of the short end panel of left hand carton 10. A mechanism engages and folds the bottom minor flaps 12s, 12e (see FIGS. 1A, 1B) upward and carton 10 is transferred to a conveyor having a station for closing and sealing the bottom major flaps. Typically, a separate machine is then used to fill carton 10 with product.
Referring now to FIG. 6, the system for bi-directional carton opening is illustrated in top plan view as applied to a right hand carton 14. For right hand carton 14, first X axis carrier 36 is positioned distal from Y axis rail 18 and second X axis carrier 42 is positioned proximal to Y axis rail 18. Y axis rail 18, fixed X axis rail 20, and moveable second X axis rail 22 are as described above with Y axis driver 28 connected to second X axis rail 22. First X axis carrier 36 is positioned a distance G from Y axis rail 18. Second X axis carrier 42 is positioned proximal to Y axis rail 18. Carriers 36 and 42 are each fitted with a plurality of vacuum operated grippers 38, 44 as described above. Second X axis rail 22 is positioned a distance K from first X axis rail 20. The pertinent carton identification code has been communicated to the microprocessor by operator input or a code reading facility to appropriately control the start position and the movements of linear actuators 30, 32. A flat right hand carton 14 has been placed with each long side panel of carton 14 positioned to be held securely by respective first grippers 38 and second grippers 44.
Referring now FIG. 7, the process of opening right hand carton 14 has begun. Second X axis carrier 42 remains as positioned in FIG. 6 above while second X axis rail 22 has been moved to a distance L from first X axis rail 20. First X axis carrier 36 has been moved to a distance H from Y axis rail 18. Distance L is somewhat greater than distance K of FIG. 6 and distance H is somewhat less than distance G of FIG. 6.
Referring now to FIG. 8, the process of opening right hand carton 14 to a rectangular tubular shape is complete. Second X axis rail 22 has been moved to reside a distance M from first X axis rail 20. First X axis carrier 36 has been moved to reside a distance J from Y axis rail 18. Distance M is somewhat greater than distance L of FIG. 7 and distance J is somewhat less than distance H of FIG. 7. Second X axis carrier 42 remains in the position shown in FIG. 6 above, to be proximal to Y axis rail 18. A mechanism engages and folds the bottom minor flaps upward and carton 14 is transferred to a conveyor having a station for closing and sealing the bottom major flaps. Typically, a separate machine is then used to fill carton 10 with product.
As described above, the bi-directional carton opening system of the invention is capable of handling left hand cartons and right hand cartons differently without the need for mechanical modification. When a left hand carton is to be opened as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, first X axis carrier 36 remains stationary in a position distal from Y axis rail 18 while second X axis rail 22 moves away from first X axis rail 20 and second X axis carrier 42 moves closer to Y axis rail 18. Alternatively, when a right hand carton is to be opened as illustrated in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, second X axis carrier 42 remains stationary in a position proximal to Y axis rail 18 while second X axis rail 22 moves away from first X axis rail 20 and first X axis carrier 36 moves closer to Y axis rail 18.
Therefore, as described in detail above, utilizing the bi-directional carton opening system of the invention having a Y axis rail, a fixed X axis rail and a moveable X axis rail, consists of:
1. transmitting to a microprocessor information regarding the size and configuration of the carton to be opened;
2. positioning carton carriers at a point along each respective X axis rail for receiving a flat carton for being opened;
3. inserting a flat carton from a carton supply to be engaged by grippers of the carton carriers;
4. activating the grippers on each carrier for securely holding the flat carton; and
5. moving one of the carton carriers in a selected direction while moving the moveable X axis rail in a second selected direction for opening the flat carton.
While the description above discloses preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is contemplated that numerous variations and modifications of the invention are possible and are considered to be within the scope of the claims that follow.
Patent Grant
10273042
