Bicyclic imides as herbicides

DESCRIPTION
This invention relates to novel bicyclic imides; a method for their preparation; and their use as herbicides.
It has already been disclosed that certain heterocyclic imides (see EP-A 272 594, EP-A 493 323, EP-B 0 070 389, EP-B 0 104 532) can be employed as herbicides.
Now novel bicyclic imides have been found that exhibit markedly better herbicidal activity with excel-lent selectivity.
The subject of the present invention therefore comprises compounds of formula I ##STR3## wherein the bond linking C-7 and C-8 may be single or double; m is 1-7;
R.sup.A can occupy one or more of the 2 or 6-8 positions and is independently selected from the group: hydroxy, halogen, CN, OR.sup.3, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, S(O).sub.n R.sup.3, COR.sup.3, C(O)SR.sup.3 and C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 ; ##STR4## wherein R.sup.3 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxy alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.6)alkynyloxyalky, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8) trialkylsilyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxycarbonyl, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2 or CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.4 is hydrogen or halogen;
R.sup.5 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)haloalkyl, OCH.sub.3, SCH.sub.3, OCHF.sub.2, halogen, CN or NO.sub.2 ;
R.sup.6 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl. halogen, OR.sup.10, S(O).sub.n R.sup.10, COR.sup.10, C(O)SR.sup.10, C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CHO, CH.dbd.CHCO.sub.2 R.sup.10, CO.sub.2 N.dbd.CR.sup.13 R.sup.14, NO.sub.2, CN, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or NHSO.sub.2 NHR.sup.15 ;
R.sup.7 and R.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl. (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or halogen; when Q is Q-2 or Q-6, R.sup.1 and R.sup.8 together with the carbon to which they are attached may be C.dbd.O;
R.sup.9 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
R.sup.10 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl. (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfinylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfonylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)halocycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.3)alkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, CHR.sup.16 COR.sup.17, CHR.sup.16 p(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NH.sub.2, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl substituted with phenoxy or benzyloxy optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; or phenyl and pyridyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.13 are independently hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl;
R.sup.12 and R.sup.14 are independently (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 may be taken together: as --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, in which optionally one or more H-atoms may be replaced by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl;
R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl;
R.sup.15 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl;
R.sup.16 is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl
R.sup.17 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
W is O or S;
n is O or 2; provided that when Q is not fused to a ring bridging the 5'- and 6.dbd.-position and C-7 and C-8 are linked by a single bond, then at least one R.sup.A is other than hydroxy, halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy.
The subject of the present invention comprises further bicyclic imides selected from the group consisting of 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(prop-2- ynyloxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octane, 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(1-methyl-prop-2-ynyloxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(2-propynyloxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7-chloro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(1-methyl-ethoxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7,7-difluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane and stereoisomers thereof.
In the above definitions, the term "alkyl", used either alone or in compound words such as "alkylthio" or "haloalkyl", includes straight Chain or branched alkyl, e.g., methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl or the different butyl isomers. Alkoxy includes e.g. methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, isopropyloxy and the different butoxy isomers. Alkenyl includes straight chain or branched alkenes, e.g., 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 3-propenyl and the different butenyl isomers. Cycloalkyl includes e.g. cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. The term "halogen", either alone or in compound words such as "haloalkyl", means fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. Further, when used in compound words such as "haloalkyl" said alkyl may be partially or fully substituted with halogen atoms, which may be the same or different. Examples of haloalkyl include CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 F, CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 and CH.sub.2 CHFCl.
More preferred are compounds of formula I having at least one of the following specifications
R.sup.3 is p referred (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkyl: (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.6)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)trialkylsilyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkylcarbonyl, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)haloalkoxycarbonyl, CHR.sup.16 P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2 or CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.5 is halogen or CN;
R.sup.6 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl, halogen, OR.sup.10, S(O).sub.n R.sup.10, COR.sup.10, CO.sub.2 R.sup.10, C(O)SR.sup.10, C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CH.dbd.CHCO.sub.2 R.sup.10, CO.sub.2 N.dbd.CR.sup.13 R.sup.14, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or NHSO NHR.sup.15 ;
R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are independently hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; when Q is Q-2 or Q-6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the carbon to which they are attached may be C.dbd.O;
R.sup.9 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
R.sup.10 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkylsulfinylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkylsulfonylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.6)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.6)alkenylthioalkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkynylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.4)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)halocycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.6)haloalkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.6)alkylthioalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.6)haloalkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.6)alkylthioalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkyl carbonyl, CHR.sup.16 COR.sup.17, CHR.sup.16 P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.6 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NH.sub.2, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl substituted with phenoxy or benzyloxy optionally substituted with halogen. (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)haloalkyl; or phenyl and pyridyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.12 and R.sup.14 are independently (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, phenyl optionally substituted with halogen. (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 may be taken together as --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, each ring optionally substituted with (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl;
R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalky;
R.sup.17 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl.
Compounds having a substituted proline residue, particularly in 7-position, exibit a beneficial effect on undesired plants, preferred are fluoro, bromo or chloro.
Particularly preferred method of use employs compounds of formula II ##STR5## in which R.sup.1 is halogen (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl OR.sup.3, S(O).sub.n R.sup.3, COR.sup.3, CO.sub.2 R.sup.3 C(O)SR.sup.3 C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 or CN;
R.sup.2 is hydrogen, halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, OR.sup.3, S(O).sub.n R.sup.3, COR.sup.3, CO.sub.2 R.sup.3 C(O)SR.sup.3 C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 or CN;
Especially preferred method of use employs compounds of formula II in which at least one of R.sup.1 -R.sup.3 has the meaning
R.sup.1 =hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl;
R.sup.2 =fluoro, chloro, bromo, OR.sup.3, S(O).sub.n R.sup.3, CO.sub.2 R.sup.3, C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 or CN;
R.sup.3 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)trialkylsilyl.
Most preferred method of use employ compounds of formula II with at least one of the following specifications
R.sup.1 =hydrogen,
R.sup.2 =fluoro, chloro, bromo or OR.sup.3,
R.sup.3 =(C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)haloalkyl,
and in Q
R.sup.4 is fluoro or chloro;
R.sup.5 is chloro;
R.sup.6 is OR.sup.10, CO.sub.2 R.sup.10, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.10 or SR.sup.10 ;
R.sup.7 is hydrogen;
R.sup.8 is hydrogen or methyl;
R.sup.9 is (C.sub.3 -C.sub.4)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.4)alkynyl;
R.sup.10 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl (C.sub.3 -C.sub.4)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sup.6 -C.sup.8)alkenyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sup.6 -C.sup.8)alkynyloxycarbonylalkyl or (C.sup.1 -C.sup.2)carboxyalkyl.
If not otherwise specified the invention relates to both the individual possible stereoisomers of formula I and II and also mixtures of the isomers. Stereoisomers exhibiting the 2R-configuration are preferred to others.
The 2R-configuration exhibits significantly better control, e.g. up to 8-fold, compared with the 2S-configuration on undesired plants.
Subject of the invention is also a method for preparing the novel bicyclic imides comprising:
(a) reacting a compound of formula III
Q--NCO III
with a compound of formula IV ##STR6## wherein R.dbd.H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, and cyclizing the intermediate and a method for preparing bicyclic imides of formula Ia ##STR7## wherein the bond linking C-7 and C-8 may be single or double: m is 1-7;
R.sup.A can occupy one or more of the 2 or 8-8 positions and is independently selected from the group: hydroxy, halogen, CN, OR.sup.3, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl. S(O).sub.n R.sup.3, COR.sup.3, C(O)SR.sup.3 and C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 ;
Q is ##STR8## wherein R.sup.3 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxycarbonyl, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(O)IOR.sup.17).sub.2 or CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl. (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.4 is hydrogen or halogen;
R.sup.5 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)haloalkyl, OCH.sub.3, SCH.sub.3, OCHF.sub.2, halogen, CN or NO.sub.2 ;
R.sup.6 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, halogen, OR.sup.10, S(O).sub.n R.sup.10, COR.sup.10, C(O)SR.sup.10, C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CHO, CH.dbd.CHCO.sub.2 R.sup.10, CO.sub.2 N.dbd.CR.sup.13 R.sup.14, NO.sub.2, CN, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or NHSO.sub.2 NHR.sup.15 ;
R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are independently hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or halogen; when Q is Q-2 or Q-6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the carbon to which they are attached may be C.dbd.O;
R.sup.9 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
R.sup.10 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfinylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfonylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)halocycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, CHR.sup.16 COR.sup.17, CHR.sup.15 p(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NH.sub.2, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl substituted with phenoxy or benzyloxy optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; or phenyl and pyridyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.13 are independently hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl;
R.sup.12 and R.sup.14 are independently (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 may be taken together as --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, in which optionally one or more H-atoms may be replaced by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl;
R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 may be taken together with the carbon to which they are art ached to form (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl;
R.sup.15 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl;
R.sup.16 is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl;
R.sup.17 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
W is O or S;
n is 0, 1 or 2;
selected from the group consisting ;of (b) or (c):
(b) reacting a compound of formula IV, wherein R.dbd.H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, with phosgene and then with an amine of formula VI
Q--NH.sub.2 VI
to form compounds of formula VII, ##STR9## and cyclizing the compounds of formula VII, or
(c) reacting a compound of formula III with a compound of formula VIII ##STR10## to form a compound of formula IX, ##STR11##
and hydrolyzing and cylizing the compound of formula IX.
The novel bicyclic imides can be produced in a method comprising preparing a compound of formula II ##STR12## wherein R.sup.1 is R.sup.A
R.sup.2 is R.sup.A and H
comprising reacting a compound of formula X, ##STR13## wherein R.dbd.H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, with a compound of general formula III
Q--NCO III
and converting the reaction product formed thereby.
Subject of the invention is further a method for making compounds of formula Ia ##STR14## wherein the bond linking C-7 and C-8 may be single or double; m is 1-7;
R.sup.A can occupy one or more of the 2 or 6-8 positions and is independently selected from the group: hydroxy, halogen, CN, OR.sup.3, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, S(O).sub.n R.sup.3, COR.sup.3, C(O)SR.sup.3 and C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 ;
Q is ##STR15## wherein R.sup.3 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxycarbonyl, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2 or CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.4 is hydrogen or halogen;
R.sup.5 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)haloalkyl, OCH.sub.3, SCH.sub.3, OCHF.sub.2, halogen, CN or NO.sub.2 ;
R.sup.6 is OR.sup.10, S(O).sub.n R.sup.10, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or NHSO.sub.2 NHR.sup.15 ;
R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are independently hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or halogen; when Q is Q-2 or Q-6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the carbon to which they are attached may be C.dbd.O;
R.sup.9 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
R.sup.10 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfinylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfonylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8) cycloalkylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 )alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8) haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)halocycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, CHR.sup.16 COR.sup.17, CHR.sup.16 P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NH.sub.2, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl substituted with phenoxy or benzyloxy optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; or phenyl and pyridyl optionally substituted with halogen. (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.13 are independently hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl;
R.sup.12 and R.sup.14 are independently (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 may be taken together as --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, in which optionally one or more H-atoms may be replaced by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl;
R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl;
R.sup.15 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl;
R.sup.16 is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl;
R.sup.17 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
W is 0 or S;
n is 0, 1 or 2:
comprising reacting a compound of the formula XlII ##STR16## wherein Y=0, S, NH with a halide selected from the group R.sup.10 --Z, R.sup.15 SO.sub.2 --Z, and R.sup.15 NHSO.sub.2 --Z wherein Z is chlorine, bromine or iodine.
The novel bicyclic imides of general formula I are obtained in accordance with the invention by a general method A if arylisocyanates of general formula III
Q--N.dbd.C.dbd.O III
in which R.sup.4 to R.sup.17 have the meanings; indicated above, and proline carboxylic acids (esters) of general formula IV ##STR17## in which m and R.sup.A have the meaning Indicated above and R.dbd.H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or active ester such as 0-succimid esters or anhydride esters are reacted in accordance with method A, optionally in the presence of an acid acceptor and optionally in the presence of a solvent.
A further subject of the invention is a method B for the preparation of compounds of formula I, which is outlined in what follows and m and R.sup.A have the meanings indicated above. Therefor a compound of formula IV, wherein R.dbd.H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, is reacted with phosgene or a phosgene substituted [e.g., triphosgene (CCl.sub.3 O).sub.2 C.dbd.O], first to compounds of formula V. Compounds of formula V are then reacted with compounds of formula VI to form compounds of formula VII. Subsequent cyclization forms compounds formula I. ##STR18##
A further subject of the invention is method C for the preparation of compounds of formula I, which is outlined in what follows and m and R.sup.A have the meanings indicated above, where a compound of formula III is reacted with a compound of formula VIII, optionally in the presence of an acid acceptor and optionally in the presence of a solvent, to a compound of formula IX, and the compound IX so obtained is then hydrolysed and cyclized to compounds of formula I. ##STR19## A further subject of the invention is method D for the preparation of compounds of formula II, which is outlined in what follows and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the meaning indicated above. Therefor a compound of general formula X, wherein R.dbd.H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, is reacted with a compound of general formula III, yielding a compound of general formula XI. Compounds of general formula XI are cyclized to compounds of general formula XII and converted to compounds of formula II. ##STR20##
A further subject of the invention is a method E for the preparation of compounds of formula I by reacting compounds of general formula XIII ##STR21## wherein m, R.sup.A, and R.sup.5 have the meaning indicated above and Y=0, S, NH with a halide of the formula XIV, XV or XVI,
R.sup.10 --Z XIV
R.sup.15 SO.sub.2 --Z XV
R.sup.15 NHSO.sub.2 --Z XVI
wherein Z is a chlorine-, bromine--or an iodine atom and R.sup.10 and R.sup.15 have the meanings indicated above.
In method A, the reaction for R=alkyl takes place in an inert organic solvent, for example in an aromatic solvent such as toluene, chlorobenzene, a halogenated hydrocarbon such as chloroform, methylene chloride, an ether such as diisopropyl ether, or in acetonitrile or dimethylformamide, optionally with base catalysis preferred at temperatures of 20.degree. to 120.degree. C. Preferably used as bases are organic bases, for example organic amines such as triethylamine or also pyridine (see EP-A 0 272 594).
For R.dbd.H, the reaction takes place in water as solvent or, preferably, in the two-phase system water organic solvent. Especially preferred is the mode of operation in which compounds of formula IV, optionally salts of IV, is added together in water with an inorganic base, for example an alkali or alkaline-earth metal hydroxide, carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, such as sodium hydroxide or also potassium carbonate, or an organic base, for example an organic amine such as triethylamine, and then compounds of formula IlI, dissolved in an inert solvent such as, for example toluene, chlorobenzene or chloroform is added. The reaction mixture is then held advantageously at temperatures between -40.degree. C. to +120.degree. C. preferably -10.degree. C. to +40.degree. C., up to several days, preferably between 3 and 50 h.
The aqueous phase is then adjusted to a pH value between 1 and 3 with acid, preferably with an inorganic acid such as aqueous hydrochloric acid or aqueous sulfuric acid. The ureas of formula VII thus formed are then cyclized at temperatures between 50.degree. and 100.degree. C. or, optionally, in the presence of an acid such as hydrochloric acid and/or hydroformic acid or, optionally by conversion to an ester (R=alkyl) by know methods (see Houben-Weyl, "Methoden der organischen Chemie" [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Vol. XV (1974)).
In method D, the reaction for R.dbd.H and (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl takes place analogous to method A to give compounds formula XII. Known methods (see Houben-Weyl, "Methoden der organischen Chemie" [Methods of Organic Chemistry] Vol. EP-B 0 078 191) and standard chemistry (see Advanced Organic Chemistry, Jerry March, second edition 1977) leads to compounds of formula II.
The compounds of formula III are known or can be prepared by analogy with known methods; see Houben-Weyl, "Methoden der organisthen Chemie" [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Vol. VIII, p. 120 (1952), Houben-Weyl, Vol. IX, pp. 875, 869 (1955); EP-B 0 070 389 US-A 4 881 967; EP-A 0 322 401; US-A 3 495 967; EP-A 0 300 307; EP-A 0 349 832.
Compounds of general formula IV or X are commercially available or prepared according to methods described in the literature (e.g. S. Kanenasa et al., J. Org. Chem. 56, 2875 (1991); P. Beaulien et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin. Trans. I 11, 2885 (1991): R. M. Kellog et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 32(30), 3727 (1991) and many more). Houben-Weyl. Vol. XXV/1 and XXV/2 (1974). The latter literature describes also the active esters.
Amines of general formula VIII are known or can be prepared in accordance with EP-A 0 073 569 or in an analogous fashion in accordance witch the method described there.
The 2R-configuration can be achieved starting from the corresponding optically active proline or proline derivatives analogous to the methods specified above.
Finally, it was found that the bicyclic imides of general formula I and II exhibit outstanding herbicidal qualities.
A further subject of the invention is a composition for controlling weeds comprising an effective amount of at least one of the novel bicyclic imides and at least one carrier therefor.
A further subject of the invention is a method for controlling weeds comprising applying to the locus to be protected an effective amount of at least one of the novel bicyclic imides.
A further subject of the invention is a method for controlling weeds in plantation crops and peanut comprising applying to the locus to be protected an effective amount of a compound of formula Ia: ##STR22## wherein the bond linking C-7 and C-8 may be single or double; m is 1-7;
R.sup.A can occupy one or more of the 2 or 6-8 positions and is independently selected from the group: hydroxy, halogen, CN, OR.sup.3, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, S(O).sub.n R.sup.3, COR.sup.3, C(O)SR.sup.3, and C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12 ;
Q is ##STR23## wherein R.sup.3 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxy alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxycarbonyl, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2 or CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.4 is hydrogen or halogen;
R.sup.5 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2)haloalkyl, OCH.sub.3, SCH.sub.3, OCHF.sub.2, halogen, CN or NO.sub.2 ;
R.sup.6 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, halogen, OR.sup.10, S(O).sub.n R.sup.10, COR.sup.10, C(O)SR.sup.10, C(O)NR.sup.11 R.sup.12, CHO, CH.dbd.CHCO.sub.2 R.sup.10, CO.sub.2 N.dbd.CR.sup.13 R.sup.14, NO.sub.2, CN, NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.15 or NHSO.sub.2 NHR.sup.15 ;
R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are independently hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or halogen; when Q is Q-2 or Q-6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 together with the carbon to which they are attached may be C.dbd.O;
R.sup.9 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
R.sup.10 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkynyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)haloalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.6)alkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfinylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylsulfonylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylalkyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)carboxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)alkoxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxycarbonylalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8)alkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyloxyalkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.8)cycloalkylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkenylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)alkynylthioalkyl, (C.sub.4 -C.sub.8)trialkylsilylalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cyanoalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)halocycloalkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkenyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkenyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)haloalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)haloalkoxyalkynyl, (C.sub.5 -C.sub.8)alkylthioalkynyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.8)alkylcarbonyl, CHR.sup.16 COR.sup.17, CHR.sup.16 P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, P(O)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 P(S)(OR.sup.17).sub.2, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NR.sup.11 IR.sup.12, CHR.sup.16 C(O)NH.sub.2, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl substituted with phenoxy or benzyloxy optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; benzyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl; or phenyl and pyridyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.13 are independently hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl;
R.sup.12 and R.sup.14 are independently (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted with halogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)haloalkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy;
R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 may be taken together as --(CH.sub.2).sub.5 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, in which optionally one or more H-atoms may be replaced by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, phenyl or benzyl;
R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form (C.sub.3 -C.sub.8)cycloalkyl;
R.sup.15 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)haloalkyl;
R.sup.16 is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl;
R.sup.17 is (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyl; (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkenyl or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)alkynyl;
W is 0 or S;
n is 0, 1, or 2.
In this method is preferred the plantation crop selected from the group consisting of citrus, sugarcane, coffee, banana, oil palm, grapes and rubber. Further is preferred employing at least one of the compounds of the group consisting of 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(1-methylethoxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(1-methyl-prop-2-ynyloxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(prop-2-ynyloxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 4-[4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-(1-methyl-ethoxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-7,7-difluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 2-(7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-prom-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-tetrahydro-pyrrolo[1,2c]imidazole-1,3-dione, 6,6-difluoro-2-(7-fluoro-3-oxo-4-prop-2-ynyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1.4]oxazin-6-yl)tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole-1,3-dione (JUPAC), 4-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(6-fluoro-1,3-dioxotetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazol-2-yl)phenoxy]but-2-enoic acid methyl ester (JUPAC) and stereoisomers thereof. Preferred is also a method in which the crop is peanut and the compound is applied preemergence.
Chemical examples

EXAMPLE 1 ##STR24##
A mixture of 2(R)-Carbomethoxy-4-fluoropyrrolidine (1,47 g, 0,01 ml), triethylamine (50,0 mg, 0,5 mmol) and toluene (30 ml) is prepared, and 4-chloro-2-fluoro-5-isopropoxyphenyl isocyanate (2,29 g, 0,01 mol) dissolved in toluene (20 ml) is added dropwise. The reaction mixture is stirred for 5 h at reflux, then washed with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid (3.times.10 ml) and water (3.times.10 ml), dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. After concentration of the filtrate by evaporation, the resulting residue is purified by silica gel chromatography.
2R-4-(4'-Chloro-2 -fluoro-5'-isopropoxyphenyl)-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane is obtained in the amount of 2.58 g (75% theoretical) as colourless crystals (m.p. 103.degree.-105.degree. C.).
EXAMPLE 2 ##STR25##
2R-4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxy)-3,5-dioxo-7-hydroxy-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane 3.71 g (0.01 mol) is dissolved in toluene (30 ml) and cooled to 0.degree.-5.degree. C., before thionyl chloride (1.44 g, 12.0 mmol) in toluene (10 ml) is added dropwise. The reaction mixture is refluxed for 15 h. The solvent and the excess of thionyl chloride is evaporated and the residue is purified by silica gel chromatography,
2R-4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxy)-7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0] octane is obtained in the amount of 3,19 g (82% of theoretical) as a colorless glass.
EXAMPLE 3 ##STR26##
A mixture or 2R-4-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)-3,5-dioxo-7-hydroxy-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane (3.71 g, 0,01 mol), triethylamine (1,41 g. 14.0 mol) and acetic acid anhydride (1.24 g, 12.0 mmol) are added together in methylene chloride (30 ml) and toluene (60 ml). The reaction mixture is refluxed for 13 h. cooled to room temperature and the organic layer is washed with water (3.times.15 ml). The collected organic layers are dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. After concentration of the filtrate by evaporation, the resulting residue is purified by silica gel chromatography.
2R-4-(4'-Chloro-2 -fluoro-.5 -isopropoxyphenyl)-3,5-dioxo-7-methylcarbonyloxy-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane is obtained in the amount of 2.84 g (69% of theoretical) as a colourless glass.
EXAMPLE 4 ##STR27##
A mixture of 4-(4-(4-Chloro-2'-fluoro-5 -hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane (3,03 g, 0.01 mol), potassium carbonate (6.95 g, 0,05 mol) propargyl bromide (1,78 g, 12.0 mmol) and acetonitrile (60 ml) is stirred for 20 h at 20.degree. C. The reaction mixture is acidified to pH=2 with 5% aqueous hydrochloric acid, followed by extraction with ether (3.times.15 ml). The ether layer is dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. After evaporation of the solvent, the residue is purified by silica gel chromatography.
4-(4'-Chloro-2-fluoro-5-propargyloxyphenyl)-3,5-dioxo-7-fluoro-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.3.0] octane is obtained in the amount of 3,16 g (93% of theoretical) in two fractions as, two diastereomers (or diastereomeric mixtures).
1. Fraction: m.p. 136.degree.-139.degree. C. [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 =+45.1.degree. C.
2. Fraction: m.p. 143.degree.-145.degree. C. [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 =-35.2.degree. C.
Analogously to Example 1 to 4 and in accordance with the general discription of the methods A to E in accordance with the invention, the compounds of general formula I lasted in the following tables can be prepared:
TABLE 1______________________________________ ##STR28## meltingR.sup.A R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 point .degree.C.______________________________________H 7-F Cl HH 8-F Cl HH 7-Cl Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2H 8-Cl Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2H 6-F Cl ##STR29##H 7-Br Cl ##STR30##______________________________________
TABLE 2__________________________________________________________________________ ##STR31## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 point .degree.C.__________________________________________________________________________F H H Cl HF H H Br HF H H CH.sub.3 HF H F Cl HF H Cl Cl HF H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 91-93 (R/S-Mixture at Pos. 2 and 7)F H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 103-105 (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +48,8 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2))F H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 glass (2R, 7R-Konfi- guration, [.EPSILON.].sub.D.sup.20 = +38,3 (c = 1 in CH.sub.3 OH))F H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 glassF H F Cl ##STR32## 143-145 (2S, 7R/S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = -35,2 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH))F H F Cl ##STR33## 136-139 (2R, 7R/S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +45,1 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 OH))F H F Cl ##STR34## glass (2R/S, 7R/S-Konfi- guration)F H F Cl ##STR35## 133-139 (2S, 7R/S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = -29,9 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH))F H F Cl ##STR36## 121-124 (2R, 7R/S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +41,5 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH))F H F Cl ##STR37## glass (2R/S, 7R/S-Konfi- guration)F H F Cl OCH.sub.3F H F Cl OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl OCH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2F H F Cl OCH.sub.2 CHCHCO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 glassF H F Cl OCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl ##STR38##F H F Cl OCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 C.sub.5 H.sub.11F H F Cl CNF H F Cl SCH.sub.3F H F Cl SCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2F H F Cl SCH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2F H F Cl ##STR39##F H F Cl SCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 HF H F Cl SCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl ##STR40##F H F Cl OC(CH.sub.3)NOCH.sub.3F H F Cl ##STR41##F H F Cl OCHF.sub.2F H F Cl OCH.sub.2 C(Cl)CH.sub.2F H F Cl OCF.sub.2 CHFClF H F Cl NHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl NHSO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2F H F Cl NHSO.sub.2 NHCH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7R/S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +32,4 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2))F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R/S, 7R/S-Konfi- guration)F H F Cl CO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CF.sub.3F H F Cl ##STR42##F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3Cl H F Cl HCl H F Cl OCHF.sub.2Cl H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +41,7 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2))Cl H F Cl OCF.sub.2 CHFClCl H F Cl ##STR43## oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = -35,8 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH))Cl H F Cl ##STR44## glass (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration)Cl H F Cl ##STR45## glass (2R/S, 7S-Konfi- guration)Cl H F Cl OCH.sub.2 P(O)(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2Cl H F Cl ##STR46## oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration)Cl H F Cl ##STR47## 130-145 (2S, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = -27,3 in CH.sub.3 OH))Cl H F Cl OCH.sub.2 C(O)N(CH.sub.3).sub.2Cl H F Cl O(CH.sub.2).sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl OCH.sub.2 CHNOCH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2Cl H F Cl ##STR48##Cl H F Cl SCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 HCl H F Cl ##STR49##Cl H F Cl NHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl NHSO.sub.2 CF.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +36,6 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl))Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CF.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2Cl H F Cl ##STR50##Cl H F Cl ##STR51##Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3Cl H F Cl ##STR52##Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration)Cl H F Cl CHCHCO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +29,5 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2))OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 H F Cl ##STR53##OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 H F Cl ##STR54##OC(O)CH.sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration)OC(O)CH.sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7R-Konfi- guration)OC(O)CH.sub.3 H F Cl ##STR55##OCO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration)OCO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7R-Konfi- guration)OSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 140-141 (2R, 7R-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +56,3 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2))OCH.sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7R-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +55,1 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2))OCH.sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3OCH.sub.3 H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2OCH.sub.3 H F Cl ##STR56##OH H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 63-65 (2R, 7R/S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +47,1 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH))OH H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 45-48 (2S/7R/S-Konfi- guration)OH H H Cl H 161,5-63OH H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 110-112 (2R/7R-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +39,2 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH)OCH.sub.3 H F Cl ##STR57## ##STR58## H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2CH.sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2CO.sub.2 H H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2CO.sub.2 H H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2Br H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2Br H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3Br H F Cl OCHF.sub.2Br H F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 oil (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +26,5 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2)Br H F Cl OCF.sub.2 CHF.sub.2Br H F Cl ##STR59##Br H F Cl ##STR60##Br H F Cl SCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 HBr H F Cl NHSO.sub.2 CH.sub.3Br H F Cl NHSO.sub.2 CF.sub.3F F F Cl OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 99-101 (2R-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = -34,2 (c = 0,5 in CHCl.sub.3))F F F Cl OCH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 glassF F F Cl OCF.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 glassF F F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2F F F Cl SCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3F F F Cl ##STR61##F F F Cl ##STR62##F F Cl Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2F F Cl Cl ##STR63##F F Cl Cl ##STR64##__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________ ##STR65## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.7 R.sup.8 w point .degree.C.__________________________________________________________________________F H F Cl H CH.sub.2 O glass (2R/S, 7S-Konfi- guration)F H F Cl H CH.sub.3 O glass (2S, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +19,5 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2))F H F Cl H CH.sub.3 O glass (2R, 7S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = -16,6 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2)F H F Cl H H OF H F Cl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 OF H F Cl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 F OF H F Cl H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 OF H F Cl H CH.sub.2 F OF H F Cl H CH.sub.2 Cl OF H F Cl H CH.sub.2 Br OF H F Br H CH.sub.3 OF H F CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.3 OF H F OCH.sub.3 H CH.sub.3 OF H F CN H CH.sub.3 OF H F CF.sub.3 H CH.sub.3 OF F F Cl H CH.sub.3 O 151-154F F Cl Cl H CH.sub.3 OF H F OCF.sub.2 H H CH.sub.3 OF H Cl Cl H CH.sub.3 OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OCl H Cl Cl H CH.sub.3 OCl H F Cl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 OCl H F Cl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 F OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.2 F OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.2 Cl OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.2 Br OCl H F Cl H CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Cl OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 F OCl H F Br H CH.sub.3 OCl H F CH.sub.3 H CH.sub.3 OCl H F OCH.sub.3 H CH.sub.3 OCl H F CN H CH.sub.3 OCl H F CF.sub.3 H CH.sub.3 OCl H F OCF.sub.2 H H CH.sub.3 OOCH.sub.3 H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OOSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OCH.sub.3 H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OCO.sub.2 H H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OBr H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OBr H F Cl H CH.sub.2 F OBr H F Cl H CH.sub.2 Br OBr H F Cl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 OBr H F Cl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 F OBr H Cl Cl H CH.sub.3 O__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 4______________________________________ ##STR66## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.7 R.sup.8 w point .degree.C.______________________________________F H F Cl H Cl SF H F Cl H CH.sub.3 SF H F Cl H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SF H H SCH.sub.3 H H SF H F Cl H Cl OF H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OCl H F Cl H Cl SCl H F Cl H CH.sub.3 SCl H F Cl H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SCl H H SCH.sub.3 H H SCl H F Cl H Cl OCl H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OOCH.sub.3 H F Cl H CH.sub.3 SOCH.sub.3 H F Cl H Cl SBr H F Cl H CH.sub.3 SF F F Cl H Cl SBr H F Cl H Cl SBr H F Cl H CH.sub.3 OOSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 H F Cl H CH.sub.3 S______________________________________
TABLE 5______________________________________ ##STR67## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.4 R.sup.9 w point .degree.C.______________________________________H H F ##STR68## OF H F H SF H F CH.sub.3 SF H F CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SF H F ##STR69## SF H F CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 SF H F CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 SF H F CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SF H F ##STR70## SF H F CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SF H F CF.sub.2 CHF.sub.2 SF F F ##STR71## SF F F CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 SF F F CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SF H Cl ##STR72## SF H F ##STR73## OCl H F H SCl H F CH.sub.3 SCl H F CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SCl H F CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SCl H F CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SCl H F ##STR74## SCl H F ##STR75## SCl H F ##STR76## SCl H F CF.sub.2 CHF.sub.2 SCl H F CH.sub.2 CHCHCH.sub.3 SCl H Cl ##STR77## SOCH.sub.3 H F ##STR78## SOCH.sub.3 H F CH.sub.3 SBr H F ##STR79## SBr H F CH.sub.3 SBr H F ##STR80## SBr H F CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SBr H F CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 SBr H Cl ##STR81## SBr H F ##STR82## O______________________________________
TABLE 6__________________________________________________________________________ ##STR83## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.4 R.sup.7 R.sup.8 R.sup.9 w point .degree.C.__________________________________________________________________________F H F H H CH.sub.3 OF H F H H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 OF H F H H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 OF H F H H CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 OF H F H H ##STR84## O 189-191 (2R, 7S- Konfiguration)F H F H H CH.sub.2 CCH.sub.2 OF H F H H ##STR85## OF H F CH.sub.3 H ##STR86## OF H Cl H H ##STR87## OF H F H H ##STR88## SOH H F H H ##STR89## O 207-209F H F CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 ##STR90## OCl H F H H H OCl H F H H CH.sub.3 OCl H F H H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 OCl H F H H ##STR91## OCl H F H H CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 OCl H F H H ##STR92## OCl H F H H CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 OCl H F CH.sub.3 H ##STR93## OCl H F CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 ##STR94## OCl H Cl H H ##STR95## OCl H F H H ##STR96## SOCH.sub.3 H F H H ##STR97## OBr H F H H CH.sub.3 OBr H F H H CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 OBr H F CH.sub.3 H ##STR98## OBr H F CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 ##STR99## OBr H Cl H H ##STR100## OBr H Cl H H ##STR101## SOSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 H F H H ##STR102## OOSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 H F H H ##STR103## SF F F H H ##STR104## O glass (2R- Konfigura- tion)F F F H H CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 OF F F H H CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 O__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 7______________________________________ ##STR105## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.4 R.sup.7 R.sup.8 point .degree.C.______________________________________F H H F FF H F F FF H F H HCl H H F FCl H F F FCl H F H HOCH.sub.3 H H F FOCH.sub.3 H F F FOCH.sub.3 H F H HBr H H F FBr H F F FBr H F H HF F F H HF F F F FF F H F F______________________________________
TABLE 8______________________________________ ##STR106## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 R.sup.7 R.sup.8 point .degree.C.______________________________________F H H H CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H H H CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H H H CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 CH.sub.3F H H H CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 HF H H H CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H H H CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 HCl H H H CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H H H CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 HF H H H ##STR107## CH.sub.3F H H Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H H Cl CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 CH.sub.3F H H Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H H Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H H Cl ##STR108## CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5 CH.sub.3F F F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F F F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F F F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F F F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F F Cl Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 HF H F Cl ##STR109## CH.sub.3F H F Cl ##STR110## CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CHCHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3F H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.3Br H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Br H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Br H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3 HBr H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3OCH.sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Br H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3OCH.sub.3 H F Cl CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl ##STR111## CH.sub.3Br H F Cl ##STR112## CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl ##STR113## CH.sub.3Cl H F Cl CO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3Cl H H H ##STR114## CH.sub.3Cl H H Cl ##STR115## CH.sub.3Br H H Cl ##STR116## CH.sub.3Br H F Cl ##STR117## CH.sub.3OCH.sub.3 H F Cl ##STR118## CH.sub.3______________________________________
TABLE 9______________________________________ ##STR119## meltingR.sup.1 R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 point .degree.C.______________________________________CH.sub.3 F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 95-99 [2R-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = -14,3 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH)]CH.sub.3 F Cl CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 97-99 [2S-Konfi- guration, [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.20 = +13,8 (c = 0,5 in CH.sub.3 OH)]CH.sub.3 F Cl ##STR120##CH.sub.3 F Cl ##STR121##CH.sub.3 F Cl SCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3CH.sub.3 F Cl OCH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2______________________________________
Formulations
Compounds of this invention will generally be used in formulation with an agriculturally suitable carrier comprising a liquid or solid diluent or an organic solvent. Use formulations include dusts, granules, baits, pellets, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dry flowables and the like, consistent with the physical properties of the active ingredient, mode of application and environmental factors such as soil type, moisture and temperature. Sprayable formulations can be extended in suitable media and used at spray volumes from about one to several hundred liters per hectare. High strength compositions are primarily used as intermediates for further formulation. The formulations will typically contain effective amounts of active ingredient, diluent and surfactant within the following approximate ranges which add up 100 weight percent.
______________________________________ Weight Percent Active Ingredient Diluent Surfactant______________________________________Wettable Powders 25-90 0-74 1-10Oil Suspensions, 5-50 40-95 0-15Emulsions, Solutions,(including Emulsifi-able Concentrates)Dusts 1-25 70-99 0-5Granules, Baits 0.01-99 5-99.99 0-15and PelletsHigh Strength 90-99 0-10 0-2Compositions______________________________________
Typical solid diluents are described in Watkins, et al., "Handbook of Insecticide Dust Diluents and Carriers", 2nd Ed., Dorland Books:, Caldwell, N.J. Typical liquid diluents and solvents are described in Marsden, "Solvents Guide", 2nd Ed., Interscience, New York, 1950. "McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual", Allured Publ. Corp., Ridgewood, N.J, as well as Sisely and Wood, "Encyclopedia of Surface Active Agents", Chemical Publ. Co., Inc,, New York, 1964, list surfactants and recommended uses. All formulations can contain minor amounts of additives to reduce foam, caking, corrosion, microbiological growth, etc.
Solutions are prepared by simply mixing the ingredients. Fine solid compositions are made by blending and usually grinding as in a hammer mill or fluid energy mill. Water-dispersible granules can be produced be agglomerating a fine powder composition; see for example. Cross et al., "Pesticide Formulations", Washington, D.C., 1988, pp 251-259. Suspensions are prepared by wet-milling; see, for example, U.S. 3.060,084. Granules and pellets can be made by spraying the active material upon preformed granular carriers or by agglomeration techniques. See Browning, "Agglomeration", Chemical Engineering, Dec. 4, 1967, pp 147-148, "Perry's Chemical Engineer's Handbook", 4th Ed., HcGraw-Hill, New York, 1963, pages 8-57 and following, and WO 91/13546. Pellets can be prepared as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,172,714. Water-dispersible and water-soluble granules can also be prepared as taught in DE 32 46 493.
For further information regarding the art of formulation, see U.S. Pat. No. 3,235,361, Col. 6, line 16 through Col. 7, line 19 and Examples 10-41: U.S. Pat. No. 3,309,192, Col. 5, line 43 through Col. 7, line 62 and Examples 8, 12, 15, 39, 41, 52, 53, 58, 132, 138-140, 162-164, 166, 167 and 169-182; U.S. Pat. No. 2,891,855, Col. 3, line 66 through Col. 5, line 17 and Examples 1-4; Klingman, "Weed Control as a Science", John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 1961, pp 81-96; and Hance et al., "Weed Control Handbook", 8th Ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1989.
In the following Examples, all percentages are by weight and all formulations are worked up in conventional ways.
EXAMPLE A
Wettable Powder
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 80%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanesodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate 2%sodium ligninsulfonate 2%synthetic amorphous silica 3%kaolinite 13%______________________________________
The ingredients are blended, hammer-milled until all the solids are essentially under 50 microns, reblended and packaged.
EXAMPLE B
Wettable Powder
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 50%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanesodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate 2%low viscosity methyl cellulose 2%diatomaceous earth 46%______________________________________
The ingredients are blended, coarsely hammer-milled and then air-milled to produce Particles essentially all below 10 microns in diameter. The product is reblended before packaging.
EXAMPLE C
Granule
______________________________________Wettable Powder of Example 8 5%attapulgite granules 95%(U.S.S. 20-40 mesh; 0.84-0.42 mm)______________________________________
A slurry of wettable powder containing 25% solids is sprayed on the surface of attapulgite granules in a double-cone blender. The granules are dried and packaged.
EXAMPLE D
Extruded Pellet
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 25%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octaneanhydrous sodium sulfate 10%crude calcium ligninsulfonate 5%sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate 1%calcium/magnesium bentonite 59%______________________________________
The ingredients are blended, hammer-milled and then moistened with about 12% water. The mixture is extruded as cylinders about 3 mm diameter which are cut to produce pellets about 3 mm long. These may be used directly after drying, or the dried pellets may be crushed to pass a U.S.S. No. 20 sieve (0.84 mm openings). The granules held on a U.S.S. No. 40 sieve (0.42 mm openings) may be packaged for use and the fines recycled.
EXAMPLE
Low Strength Granule
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 1%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octaneN,N-dimethylformamide 9%attapulgite granules 90%(U.S.S. 20 to 40 sieve)______________________________________
The active ingredient is dissolved in the solvent and the solution is sprayed upon dedusted granules in a double-cone blender. After spraying of the solution has been completed, the blender is allowed to run for a short period and then the granules are packaged.
EXAMPLE F
Granule
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 80%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanewetting agent 1%crude lingninsulfonate salt (containing 10%5-20% of the natural sugars)attapulgite clay 9%______________________________________
The ingredients are blended and milled to pass through a 0.15 mm (100 mesh) screen. This material is then added to a fluid bed granulator, the air flow is adjusted to gently fluidize the material, and a fine spray of water is sprayed onto the fluidized material. The fluidization and spraying are continued until granules of the desired size range are made. The spraying is stopped, but fluidization is continued, optionall with heat, until the water content is reduced to the desired level, generally less than 1%. The material is then discharged, screened to the desired size range, generally 1.4 mm-0.15 mm (14-100 mesh), and packaged for use.
EXAMPLE G
Aqueous Suspension
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 40%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanepolyacrylic acid thickener 0.3%dodecylphenol polyethylene glycol ether 0.5%disodium phosphate 1%monosodium phosphate 0.5%polyvinyl alcohol 1.0%water 56.7%______________________________________
The ingredients are blended and :ground together in a sand mill to produce particles essentially all under 5 microns in size.
EXAMPLE H
High Strength Concentrate
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 99%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanesilica aerogel 0.5%synthetic amorphous silica 0.5%______________________________________
The ingredients are blended and ground in a hammer-mill to produce a material essentially all passing a U.S.S. No. 50 screen (0.3 mm opening). The concentrate may be formulated further if necessary.
EXAMPLE I
Wettable Powder
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 90%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanedioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate 0.1%synthetic fine silica 9.9%______________________________________
The ingredients are blended and ground in a hammer-mill to produce particles essentially all below 100 microns. The material is sifted through a U.S.S. No. 50 screen (0.3 mm) and then packaged.
EXAMPLE J
Wettable Powder
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 40%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanesodium ligninsulfonate 20%montmorillonite clay 40%______________________________________
The ingredients are thoroughly blended, coarsely hammer-milled and then air-milled to produce particles essentially all below 10 microns in size. The material is reblended and then packaged.
EXAMPLE K
Oil Suspension
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 35%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octaneblend of polyalcohol carboxylic 6%esters and oil soluble petroleumsulfonatesxylene 59%______________________________________
The ingredients are combined and ground together in a sand mill to produce particles essentially all below 5 microns. The product can be used directly, extended with oils, or emulsified in water.
EXAMPLE L
Dust
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 10%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octaneattapulgite 10%pyrophyllite 80%______________________________________
The active ingredient is blended with attapulgite and then passed through a hammer-mill to produce particles substantially all below 200 microns. The ground concentrate is then blended with powdered pyrophyllite until homogeneous.
EXAMPLE M
Oil Suspension
______________________________________4-(4'-chloro-2'-fluoro-5'-carboisopropoxyphenyl)- 25%7-chloro-3,5-dioxo-1,4-diazabicyclo-[3.3.0]octanepolyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate 5%highly aliphatic hydrocarbon oil 70%______________________________________
The ingredients are ground together in a sand mill until the solid particles have been reduced to under about 5 microns. The resulting thick suspension may be applied directly, but preferably after being extended with oils or emulsified in water.
Utility
The compounds of the present invention are active herbicides. They have utility for broadspectrum preemergence and/or postemergence weed control in areas where complete control of all vegetation is desired, such as around industrial complexes, storage areas, parking lots, drive-in theaters, around billboards, fence rows, highway and railroad structures. Some of the compounds have utility for selective weed control in crops such as rice, wheat, barley, corn, soybeans, sugarbeets, cotton, peanut, all plantation crops including coffee, cocoa, sugarcane, oil palm, rubber, citrus, grapes, fruit trees, nut trees, banana, plantain, pineapple and conifers such as loblolly pine.
The compounds can be applied as a preemergence and/or postemergence treatment using techniques of banding, directed sprays or broadcast applications. The rates of application for the compounds of the invention are determined by a number of factors, including their use as selective or general herbicides, the crop species involved, the types-of weeds to be controlled, weather, climate, formulations selected, mode of application, amount of foliage present, etc. By selecting the appropriate rate which would be apparent to one skilled in the art, the compounds of this invention can be used in areas where complete control of all vegetation is desired, such as around fuel storage tanks, ammunition depots, industrial storage areas, oil well sites, drive-in theaters, around billboards, highway and railroad structures and in fence rows. Alternatively, by selecting the proper rates and adjuvants, the compounds of this invention can be used for selective weeds control in peanuts and plantation corps such as citrus, sugarcane, coffee, oil palm, rubber, cocoa, grapes, fruit trees, nut trees, pineapple and banana. In general, the subject compounds are applied at levels of around 0.001 to 20 kg/ha, with a preferred rate range of 0.01 to 2 kg/ha rate. One skilled in the art can select the proper rates for a given situation.
The compounds of this invention may be used in combination with other herbicides listed below. They are particularly useful in combination with triazine, triazole, uracil, urea, amide, carbamate, bipyridylium, phenoxy, sulfonylurea and imidazole types for total vegetation control in plantation and other crops. The compounds may also be used in combination with mefluidide, glyphosate or gluphosinate.
A mixture of one or more of the following herbicides with a compound of this invention may be particularly useful for weed control. Examples of other herbicides with which compounds of this invention can be formulated are: acetochlor, acifluorfen, acrolein, 2-propenal, alachlor, ametryn, amidosulfuron, ammonium sulfamate, amitrole, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, barban, benefin, bensulfuron methyl, bensulide, bentazon, benzofluor, benzoylprop, bifenox, bromacil, bromoxynil, bomoxynil heptanoate, bromoxynil octanoate, butachlor, buthidazole, buttalin, butylate, cacodylic acid, 2-chloro-N,N-di-2-propenylacetamide, 2-chloroallyl dlethyldithiocarbamate, chloramben, chlorbromuron. chloridazon, chlorimuron ethyl, chlormethoxynil, chlornitrofen, chloroxuron, chlorpropham, chlorsulfuron, chlortoluron, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, clethodium, clomazone, cloproxydim, clopyralid, calcium salt or methylarsonic acid, cyanazine, cycloate, cyluron, cyperquat, cyprazine, cyprazole, cypromid, dalapon, dazomet, dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, desmedipham, desmetryn, dicamba, dichlobenil, dichlorbrop, diclofop, diethatyl, difenzoquat, diflufenican, dimepiperate, dinitramine, dinoseb, diphenamid, diprobetryn, diquat, diuron, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol, disodium salt of methylarsonic acid, dymron, endothall, S-ethyl dipropylcarbamothioate, esprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron methyl, ethofumesate, fenac, fenoxaprop, fenuron, salt of fenuron and trichloroacetic acid, flamprop, fluazipop, fluazipop-P, fluchloralin, flumesulam, flumipropyn, fluometuron, fluorochloridone, fuorodifen, fluoroglycofen, flupoxam, fluridone, fluoroxypyr, fluzasulfuron, fomesafen, fosamine, glyphosate, haloxylop, hexaflurate, hexazinone, imazamethabenz, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazamethabenz methyl, imazethapyr, imazosulfuron, ioxynil, isopropalin, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, karbutilate, lactofen, lenacil, linuron, metobenzuron, metsulfuron methyl, methylarsonic acid, monoammonium salt of methylarsonic acid, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid, S,S'-dimethyl-2-(difluoromethyl)-4-(2-methylpropyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarbothioate, mecoprop, mefenacet, mefluidide, methalbropalin, methabenzthiazuron, metham, methazole, methoxuron, metolachlor, metribuzin, 1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione, molinate, monolinuron, monuron, monuron salt and trichloroacetic acid, monosodium salt of methylarsonic acid, nabropamide, naptalam, neburon, nicosulfuron, nitralin, nitrofen, nitrofluorfen, norea, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, pebulate, pendimethalin, perfluidone, phenmedipham, picloram, 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluormethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitroacetophenone oxime-0-acetic acid methyl ester, pretilachlor, brimisulfuron, brocyazine, profluralin, prometon, prometryn, pronamide, propachlor, propanil, propazine, propham, prosulfalin, prynachlor, pyrazolate, pyrazon, pyrazosulfuron ethyl, quinchlorac, quizalofop ethyl, rimsulfuron secbumeton, sethoxydim, siduron, simazine, 1-(a,a-dimethylbenzyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)urea, sulfometuron methyl, trichloroacetic acid, tebuthiuron, terbacil, terbuchlor, terbuthylazine, terbutol, terbutryn, thifensulfuron methyl, thiobencarb, tri-allate, trialkoxydlm, triasulfuron, tribehuron methyl, triclopyr, tridiphane, trifluralin, trimeturon, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acid, vernolate, and xylachlor.
The herbicidal properties of the subject compounds were discovered in a number of greenhouse tests. The test procedures and results are as follows:
______________________________________Biological Tables______________________________________ ##STR122## compound 1 ##STR123## compound 2 ##STR124## compound 3 ##STR125## compound 4 ##STR126## compound 5 ##STR127## compound 6 ##STR128## compound 7 ##STR129## compound 8 ##STR130## compound 9 ##STR131## compound 10 ##STR132## compound 11 ##STR133## compound 12 ##STR134## compound 13 ##STR135## compound 14 ##STR136## compound 15 ##STR137## compound 16 ##STR138## compound 17 ##STR139## compound 18 ##STR140## compound 19 ##STR141## compound 20 ##STR142## compound 21 ##STR143## compound 22 ##STR144## compound 23 ##STR145## compound 24 ##STR146## compound 25 ##STR147## compound 26 ##STR148## compound 27 ##STR149## compound 28 ##STR150## compound 29______________________________________
Test procedure
Seeds of crabgrass (Digitaria spp.), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), giant foxtail (Setaria faberii), wild oats (Arena fatua), cheatgrass (Bromus secalinus), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), morningglory (Ipomoea spp.), cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) and sorghum. Nutsedge tubers were planted and treated preemergence with the test chemicals dissolved in a non-phytotoxic solvent. At the same time, these weed species were treated with a soil/foliage application. At the time of treatment, the plants ranged in height from 2to 18 cm. Treated plants and controls were maintained in a greenhouse for sixteen days, after which all species were visually rated for response to treatment and compared to controls. The ratings, summarized in Table A-E.sub.4, are based on a numerical scale extending from 0=no injury, to 10=complete kill.
The accompanying descriptive symbols have the following meanings:
C=chlorosis/necrosis;
B=burn
H=formative effect;
G=growth retardation:
E=emergence inhibition.
TABLE A__________________________________________________________________________postemergence (application rate 2 kg a.i./ha)__________________________________________________________________________ Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12__________________________________________________________________________Barnyardgrass 1B 6B 8B 6B 10C 10C 10B 10C 8B 10 10 10Cheat grass 1B 1B 1B 2B 10C 10C 10B 10C 7B 10 10 10Cocklebur -- 4B -- -- 10C 10C -- 10C -- 10 10 10Morningglory 0.sup. 7B 6B 8B 10C 10C 10B 10C 9B 10 10 10Sorghum 1B 2B 2B 2B 10C 10C 9B 10C 4B 10 10 10Giant foxtail 1B 4B 7B 8B 10C 10C 10B 10C 9B 10 10 10Crabgrass 1B 6B 7B 3B 10C 10C 10B 10C 8B 10 10 10Velvetleaf 0.sup. 5B 8B 7B 10C 10C 10B 10C 8B 10 10 10Wild oats 1B 2B 2B 2B 10C 10C 10B 10C 6B 10 10 10__________________________________________________________________________ Comp. 13 Comp. 14 Comp. 15 Comp.__________________________________________________________________________ 16 Barnyardgrass 10 10 10 10 Cheat grass 10 10 10 10 Cocklebur 10 10 10 10 Morningglory 10 10 10 10 Sorghum 10 10 10 10 Giant foxtail 10 10 10 10 Crabgrass 10 10 10 10 Velvetleaf 10 10 10 10 Wild oats 10 10 10 10__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE B__________________________________________________________________________preemergence (application rate 2 kg a.i./ha)__________________________________________________________________________ Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12__________________________________________________________________________Barnyardgrass 0 8H, 2C 9H, 3C 9H, 3C 10C 10C 10C 10C 9C, 5H 10 10 10Cheat grass 0 0 5H, 1C 6G 10C 10C 10C 10C 3H 10 10 10Cocklebur -- 6H, 2C -- -- 10C 10C 10C 10C 0 10 10 10Morningglory 0 3G, 1C 2G, 1H 0 10C 10C 10C 10C 1C 10 10 10Sorghum 0 3H, 1C 5H, 1C 3G 10C 10C 10C 10C 0 10 10 10Giant foxtail 0 3H 10C 9H, 3C 10E 10E 10C 10C 10C 10 10 10Crabgrass 0 9H 10C 8H, 1C 10C 10C 10C 10C 9C 10 10 10Velvetleaf 0 10C 10C 9C 10E 10E 10E 10E 9C 10 10 10Wild oats 0 0 4H, 1C 4G, 2C 10C 10C 10C 10C 0 10 10 10__________________________________________________________________________ Comp. 13 Comp. 14 Comp. 15 Comp.__________________________________________________________________________ 16 Barnyardgrass 10 10 10 10 Cheat grass 10 10 10 10 Cocklebur 10 10 10 10 Morningglory 10 10 10 10 Sorghum 10 10 10 10 Giant foxtail 10 10 10 10 Crabgrass 10 10 10 10 Velvetleaf 10 10 10 10 Wild oats 10 10 10 10__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE C__________________________________________________________________________postemergence (application rate 0.2 kg a.i./ha) Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23__________________________________________________________________________Corn 2B 2B 1B 0 1B 6B 2BWheat 3B 1B 0 0 2B 6B 2BBarnyardgrass 5B 2B 1B 2B 1B 9B 4BCheat grass 3B 2B 0 0 1B 5B 3BCocklebur 2B 5B 0 0 1B 9B 3BMorningglory 5B 6B 2B 1B 1B 10B 6BSorghum -- -- 0 0 1B -- 3BGiant foxtail 4B 3B 1B 1B 1B 7B 4BCrabgrass 5B 2B 1B 1B 2Bb 8B 4BVelvetleaf 3B 4B 1B 1B 1B 10B 4BWild oats 2B 1B 0 0 1B 5B 1B__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE D__________________________________________________________________________preemergence (application rate 0.2 kg a.i./ha) Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23__________________________________________________________________________Corn 0 0 0 0 0 2C 1GWheat 0 0 0 0 0 3C 0Barnyardgrass 0 0 0 0 0 9H, 5C 1HCheat grass 0 0 0 0 0 5C 0Cocklebur 0 0 0 0 0 7G 0Morningglory 0 0 0 0 0 3H, 2C 3GSorghum 0 0 0 0 0 5G, 2C 0Giant foxtail 1H 0 0 2G 0 10H 1HCrabgrass 4G 0 0 2G 0 10H 0Velvetleaf 0 0 0 0 0 9C 0Wild oats 0 0 0 0 0 6C 0__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE E.sub.1______________________________________postemergence (rate 200 g/ha) Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 26 27 28 29______________________________________Barley 2B 2B 3B 9BBarnyardgrass 4B 1B 2B 10BBedstraw 10B 3B 5B 10BBlackgrass 2B 1B 3B 9BCheatgrass 2B 1B 3B --Chickweed 6B 3B -- 9BCocklebur 9B 1B 4B 10BCorn 2B 2B 3B 8BCotton 100B 9B 9B 10BCrabgrass 3B 2B 2B 10BDowny brome -- -- -- 9BGiant foxtail 3B 3B 3B 9BLambsquarter 8B 2B 7B 10BMorningglory 10B 2B 5B 10BNutsedge 3B 0.sup. 1B 6BRape 10B 2B 2B 10BRice 5B 3B 3B 10BSorghum 3B 3B 4B 10BSoybean 6B 2B 7B 10BSugar beet 10B 2B 6B 10BVelvetleaf 3B 5G 3B 10BWheat 4B 0.sup. 3B 9BWild buckwheat 10B 1B 6B 10BWild oat 2B 2B 2B 10B______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.2______________________________________preemergence (rate 200 g/ha) Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 26 27 28 29______________________________________Barley 0 0 0 5CBarnyardgrass 1H 3G 0 10CBedstraw 9 2G 10C 10CBlackgrass 0 0 1C 9CCheatgrass 8G 0 1C --Chickweed 10C 0 0 10ECocklebur 0 0 0 7GCorn 0 2G 2G 8HCotton 0 0 0 10CCrabgrass 2H 1H 5G 10CDowny brome -- -- -- 10CGiant foxtail 0 3G 4G 10CLambsquarter 10C 5G 10C 10EMorningglory 0 0 0 10CNutsedge 0 0 0 4CRape 0 1H 2G 10ERice 2G 0 0 7GSorghum 0 0 0 9CSoybean 0 0 0 9HSugar beet 0 1H 9C 10CVelvetleaf 10C 0 0 10CWheat 2C 0 0 7CWild buckwheat 10C 0 10C 10EWild oat 2G 0 0 9C______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.3______________________________________postemergence (rate 50 g/ha) Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 26 27 28 29______________________________________Barley 2B 0 1B 9BBarnyardgrass 3B 1B 1B 9BBedstraw 8B 1B 1B 10BBlackgrass 1B 0 1B 7BCheatgrass 1B 1B 1B --Chickweed 3B 1B 1B 9BCocklebur 7B 1B 1B 10BCorn 2B 1B 1B 8BCotton 10 1B 8B 10BCrabgrass 2B 1B 1B 8BDowny brome -- -- -- 6BGiant foxtail 2B 1B 1B 8BLambsquarter 7B 1B 4B 10BMorningglory 9B 1B 1B 10BNutsedge 1B 0 0 3BRape 10B 0 2B 10BRice 2B 1B 3B 9BSorghum 2B 1B 2B 9HSoybean 8B 1B 3B 10BSugar beet 9B 0 1B 10BVelvetleaf 2B 2B 1B 10BWheat 3B 0 1B 8BWild buckwheat 10B 1B 2B 10BWild oat 2B 0 1B 7B______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.4______________________________________preemergence (rate 50 g/ha) Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. 26 27 28 29______________________________________Barley 0 0 0 5GBarnyardgrass 0 0 0 10CBedstraw 3G 0 0 10CBlackgrass 0 0 0 9CCheatgrass 0 0 0 --Chickweed 0 0 0 10ECocklebur 0 0 0 --Corn 0 0 0 8HCotton 0 0 0 8HCrabgrass 2H 0 0 10CDowny brome -- -- -- 9CGiant foxtail 0 0 0 10CLambsquarter 10C -- 2G 10EMorningglory 0 0 0 9HNutsedge 0 0 0 6CRape 0 0 0 10ERice 0 0 0 7GSorghum 0 0 0 8HSoybean 0 0 0 9HSugar beet 0 -- 0 9CVelvetleaf 2G 0 0 10CWheat 0 0 0 5GWild buckwheat 5G 0 -- 9CWild oat 0 0 0 9C______________________________________
Test B
Plastic tray liners with individual planting compartments were filled with planting medium and seeded separately with dallisgrass (Pasoalum dilatatum), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), annual bluegrass (Poa annum), guineagrass (Panicum maximum), broadleaf signalgrass (Brachiaria platyphylla), goosegrass (Eleusine indicia), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), smooth crabgrass (D. ischaemum), sandbur (Cenchrus echinatus), itchgrass (Rottboellia cochinchinensis), Texas panicum (P. texanum), Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), peanut (Arachis hypogea), morningglory (Ipomea sp.), ragweed (Ambrosia elatior), putslane (portulaca oleracea) and Pueraris javanica. Tubers of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (C. esculentus) were also planted separately in individual pots.
The plantings were staggered so that the preemergence and postemergence treatments with the compounds formulated in an non-phytotoxic spray solution were applied on the same day. Plants were visually rated compared with the appropriate controls at the end of the test. The injuring ratings were based on the scale of 0 to 100 where 0 indicates no effect, 20 indicates minimal effect and 100 indicates complete control. The variations in the results for the same compound could be due to the fact that the tests were conducted at different times of the year and on plants at different growth stages. The results are shown in Tables E.sub.a -E.sub.1.
TABLE E.sub.a______________________________________ Compound 4 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 0 0Bermudagrass 0 0Annual bluegrass 0 0Guineagrass 0 0Broadleaf signalgrass 0 0Goosegrass 0 0Large crabgrass 0 0Smooth crabgrass 0 0Sandbur 0 0Itchgrass 0 0Johnson grass 0 0Morningglory 0 0Ragweed 0 0Purslane 0 0Alfalfa 0 0Peanut 0 0Purple nutsedge 0 0Yellow nutsedge 0 0______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.b______________________________________ Compound 6 500 250 125 500 250 125 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 100 100 100 100 100Bermudagrass 100 100 100 70 100 70Annual bluegrass 100 100 100 50 50 50Guineagrass 100 100 100 80 50 40Broadleaf signalgrass 100 100 90 50 60 60Goosegrass 100 100 100 100 90 90Large crabgrass 100 100 100 100 90 90Smooth crabgrass 100 100 100 90 60 50Sandbur 100 100 100 100 90 70Itchgrass 100 100 80 70 50 30Texas panicum 100 100 100 100 80 50Johnson grass 100 100 80 30 30 20Morningglory 100 100 90 100 100 100Purslane 100 100 100 100 100 100Alfalfa 100 100 100 100 100 100Peanut 0 0 0 70 30 20______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.c______________________________________ Compound 6 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 90Bermudagrass 100 40Annual bluegrass 100 20Guineagrass 100 60Broadleaf signalgrass 100 30Goosegrass 100 80Large crabgrass 100 90Smooth crabgrass 100 50Sandbur 90 100Itchgrass 100 20Johnson grass 100 20Morningglory 100 100Ragweed 100 100Purslane 100 80Alfalfa 100 100Peanut 0 30______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.d______________________________________ Compound 6 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 90Bermudagrass 100 50Annual bluegrass 100 70Guineagrass 100 30Broadleaf signalgrass 100 30Goosegrass 100 80Large crabgrass 100 70Smooth crabgrass 100 50Sandbur 100 60Itchgrass 100 30Johnson grass 100 20Morningglory 80 100Ragweed 100 100Purslane 100 90Alfalfa 100 100Peanut 0 70Purple nutsedge 40 20Yellow nutsedge 80 80______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.e______________________________________ Compound 7 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 20Bermudagrass 100 0Annual bluegrass 80 90Guineagrass 100 0Broadleaf signalgrass 100 0Goosegrass 100 0Large crabgrass 100 0Smooth crabgrass 100 0Sandbur 90 0Itchgrass 70 0Johnson grass 60 0Morningglory 80 100Ragweed 100 100Purslane 100 100Alfalfa 90 100Peanut 20 60Purple nutsedge 0 20Yellow nutsedge 10 50______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.f______________________________________ Compound 11 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 100Bermudagrass 100 80Annual bluegrass 100 60Guineagrass 100 70Broadleaf signalgrass 100 80Goosegrass 100 80Large crabgrass 100 80Smooth crabgrass 100 60Sandbur 100 80Itchgrass 100 100Johnson grass 100 100Morningglory 100 100Ragweed 100 100Purslane 100 90Alfalfa 100 100Peanut 60 100Purple nutsedge 20 30Yellow nutsedge 80 100______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.g______________________________________ Compound 12 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 90 20Bermudagrass 20 0Annual bluegrass 0 0Guineagrass 80 0Broadleaf signalgrass 0 0Goosegrass 100 0Large crabgrass 90 0Smooth crabgrass 50 0Sandbur 60 0Itchgrass 20 0Johnson grass 80 0Morningglory 50 20Ragweed 30 20Purslane 100 20Alfalfa 90 0Peanut 20 0Purple nutsedge 0 0Yellow nutsedge 0 0______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.h______________________________________ Compound 13 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 0Bermudagrass 30 0Annual bluegrass 30 0Guineagrass 90 0Broadleaf signalgrass 20 0Goosegrass 100 0Large crabgrass 70 0Smooth crabgrass 90 0Sandbur 30 0Itchgrass 20 0Johnson grass 80 0Morningglory 40 0Ragweed 70 0Purslane 100 30Alfalfa 40 0Peanut 0 0Purple nutsedge 0 0Yellow nutsedge 0 0______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.i______________________________________ Compound 14 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 100Bermudagrass 100 60Annual bluegrass 100 70Guineagrass 100 70Broadleaf signalgrass 100 60Goosegrass 100 80Large crabgrass 100 70Smooth crabgrass 100 50Sandbur 100 100Itchgrass 100 70Johnson grass 100 50Morningglory 100 100Ragweed 100 100Purslane 100 90Alfalfa 100 100Peanut 50 100Purple nutsedge 40 50Yellow nutsedge 80 100______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.j______________________________________ Compound 22 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 90 0Bermudagrass 90 0Annual bluegrass 70 0Guineagrass 100 0Broadleaf signalgrass 90 0Goosegrass 100 0Large crabgrass 100 0Smooth crabgrass 90 0Sandbur 90 0Itchgrass 100 0Johnson grass 50 0Morningglory 80 60Ragweed 100 70Purslane 100 90Alfalfa 60 90Peanut 20 30Purple nutsedge 0 0Yellow nutsedge 0 0______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.k______________________________________ Compound 24 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 90Bermudagrass 100 50Annual bluegrass 100 50Guineagrass 100 70Broadleaf signalgrass 100 30Goosegrass 100 80Large crabgrass 100 60Smooth crabgrass 100 50Sandbur 100 80Itchgrass 100 50Johnson grass 100 50Morningglory 100 100Ragweed 100 100Purslane 100 90Alfalfa 100 100Peanut 60 100Purple nutsedge 60 20Yellow nutsedge 70 100______________________________________
TABLE E.sub.l______________________________________ Compound 25 250 250 g/ha Preemergence Postemergence______________________________________Dallisgrass 100 100Bermudagrass 100 20Annual bluegrass 100 0Guineagrass 100 40Broadleaf signalgrass 100 40Goosegrass 100 30Large crabgrass 100 50Smooth crabgrass 100 20Sandbur 100 20Itchgrass 100 60Johnson grass 100 20Morningglory 100 80Ragweed 100 100Purslane 100 90Alfalfa 100 100Peanut 60 70Purple nutsedge 0 20Yellow nutsedge 60 30______________________________________
Test C
Windowsill flats were filled with planting medium and seeded with peanut (A. hypogea), gaint foxtail (Setari faberi), large crabgrass (D. Sanguinalis), guineagrass (P. maximum), Johnson grass (S. haliebense), nightshade (solanum nigrum), morningglory (Ipomes sp.) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). The plantings were treated preemergence with Compound 6 formulated in a non-phytotoxic spray solution. Planets were visually rated 21 and 40 days-after-treatment (DAT) and compared with the appropriate controls. The injuring ratings were based on the scale use in Test B. The results are shown in Table F.
Test D
Plastic tray liners with individual planting compartments were filled with planting medium and seeded with corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max.), peanut (A. hypogea), tomato (Lycopersium esenlentum), gaint foxtail (S. faberi), guineagrass (P. maximum), Johnson grass (S. halepense), velvetleaf (A. theophrasti), morningglory, nightshade varieties--Solanum nigrum, S. nigrum subsp. nigrum. S. ptycanthus (green berries and black berries), S. nigrum subsp. schetesii and S. nigrum (atrazine tolerant).
The plantings were treated preemergence with Compound 6 formulated in a non-phytotoxic spray solution. Plants were visually rated at the enid of the test and compared with the appropriate controls. The injury ratings used in Test 8 were also employed in this test. The results are shown in Table G.
Test E
Rooted rough lemon cuttings were planted in 15-cm plastic pots. Another set of 11-cm plastic pots were filled with planting medium were seeded with balsam apple wine (Momordica charantia). sandbur (C. echinatus), pigweed (Amaranthus viridus) and guineagrass (P. maximum).
This citrus was sprayed to simulate the trunk-to-trunk herbicide application method used in citrus groves, the weeds were treated preemergence and the balsam apple wine treated both preemergence and postemergence. All pots were treated with Compound 6 formulated in a non-phytotoxic spray solvent. Plants were visually rated 21 and 65 DAT and compared with appropriate controls. The injury rating scale used in Test B was also used. The results are shown in Table H.
TABLE F______________________________________ Compound 6 250 125 64 g/haSpecies Preemergence______________________________________ 21 DATPeanut 60 20 0Giant foxtail 100 100 100Large crabgrass 100 100 100Guineagrass 100 100 100Johnson grass 100 100 100Nightshade 100 100 100Morningglory 100 100 80Velvetleaf 100 100 100 40 DATPeanut 40 20 0Giant foxtail 100 100 100Large crabgrass 100 100 100Guineagrass 100 100 100Johnson grass 100 100 90Nightshade 100 100 100Morningglory 100 100 80Velvetleaf 100 100 100______________________________________
TABLE G______________________________________ Compound 6 64 32 16 8 4 g/haSpecies Preemergence______________________________________Corn 60 60 10 0 0Soybean 70 40 0 0 0Peanut 20 0 0 0 0Tomato 100 100 100 100 90Giant foxtail 100 100 100 90 40Guineagrass 100 100 80 80 60Johnson rass 100 90 30 20 20Velvetleaf 100 100 100 100 100Morningglory 50 30 20 0 0Solanum nigrum 100 100 100 100 100S. nigrum 100 100 100 100 100S. nigrum subsp. nigrum 100 100 100 100 100S. ptycanthus (green 100 100 100 100 100berries)S. nigrum subsp. schetesii 100 100 100 100 100S. ptycanthus (black 100 100 100 100 100berries)S. nigrum (atrazine 100 100 100 100 100tolerant)______________________________________
TABLE H______________________________________ Compound 6 500 250 125 64 g a.i./ha______________________________________ 21 DATPost directed 0 0 0 0Citrus (rough lemon)PreemergenceBalsam apple vine 100 100 100 100Sandbur 100 100 100 100Pigweed 100 100 100 100Guineagrass 100 100 100 100Postemergence 100 100 100 100Balsam apple vine 65 DATPost directed 0 0 0 0Citrus (rough lemon)PreemergenceBalsam apple vine 100 100 100 100Sandbur 100 100 100 100Pigweed 100 100 100 100Guineagrass 100 100 100 100Postemergence 100 100 100 100Balsam apple vine______________________________________

Number	Name	Date	Kind
3948933	Fontanella	Apr 1976
5482921	Seckinger et al.	Jan 1996

Bicyclic imides as herbicides

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