Patent Application
20130128124
This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-251940, filed Nov. 17, 2011, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Embodiments described herein relate generally to a bidirectional communication interface apparatus, a transmitter apparatus, a receiver apparatus, a signal transfer method, and a signal transfer system.
A high-definition digital media interface (HDMI) cable or an optical cable is widely used as a bidirectional communication interface apparatus.
In connection using the HDMI, the HDMI Audio Return Channel Version 1.4 (HDMI-ARC) improved in transfer of audio signals and the HDMI Ethernet Channel (HDC) Version 1.4 capable of exchanging control signals through the Ethernet (registered trademark) have been established.
In accordance with a demand for a much faster transfer speed (transfer capacity) or for a longer transfer distance (transferable range), a cable capable of high-speed communication similar to the Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) standardized under the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3ae has already been practiced with respect to unidirectional communication.
A general architecture that implements the various features of the embodiments will now be described with reference to the drawings. The drawings and the associated descriptions are provided to illustrate the embodiments and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Various embodiments will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. In general, according to one embodiment, a bidirectional communication interface apparatus comprising: a first transfer path configured to guide a video signal and a control signal transferred according to a first transfer method or a second transfer method different from the first transfer method, from a transmitting-side apparatus to a receiving-side apparatus; a second transfer path provided independently from the first transfer path and configured to guide a clock signal from the transmitting-side apparatus to the receiving-side apparatus independently from the first transfer path; and a third transfer path provided independently from the first transfer path, is integrated with the second transfer path, and configured to transfer a predetermined signal from the transmitting-side apparatus to the receiving-side apparatus or from the receiving-side apparatus to the transmitting-side apparatus, wherein the predetermined signal is transferred in a manner that possibility of transfer of a video signal in accordance with the second transfer method can be detected by receiving the predetermined signal which is supplied to a connection section of the third transfer path of the receiving-side apparatus through the second transfer path from the transmitting-side apparatus, is output from an output end of the second transfer path of the receiving-side apparatus, and is input to a connection section of the second transfer path of the transmitting-side apparatus.
Embodiments will now be described hereinafter in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A bidirectional communication interface 101 comprises a signal transfer path or, namely, a cable body 101a, a first connector (in a source device side) 111 connected to a source device 201, and a connector (in a sink device side) 12 connected to a sink device 301. The source device 201 comprises an interface section (receptacle [apparatus-side connector]) 211 connected to the first connector 111 of the bidirectional communication interface 101. The sink device 301 comprises an interface section (receptacle [apparatus-side connector]) 311 connected to the first connector 121 of the bidirectional communication interface 101.
The source device 201 comprises a recorder apparatus which records and/or reproduces, for example, video signals and audio signals of content or, namely, programs, a player apparatus capable of only reproducing content, a game apparatus, or a video camera. The source device 201 can alternatively be a personal computer (PC) or may be, for example, a data reproduction apparatus (optical disc drive) which reproduces data (content) stored in an optical disc in accordance with DVD/CD standards, such as a reader/writer (data reproduction apparatus) capable of reading data (content) from a solid-state drive (SSD), a mobile terminal apparatus, a digital camera, or a mobile phone comprising a memory apparatus such as an SSD, or a navigation apparatus which can be mounted on a car or carried with by a user.
The sink device 301 comprises, for example, a television receiver which reproduces video signals and voice or audio signals, or a monitor apparatus (display) which displays video signals and a loudspeaker which reproduces voice or audio signals.
The bidirectional communication interface 101 comprises, at least, first to third channels CH0, CH1, and CH2 each defined by twisted (paired) lines, clock lines CK, and HPD/RSV lines configured by twisting a hot-plug-detected line (HPD) and a reserve (RSV) line. Individuals of the channels (lead lines), CK lines, and HPD/RSV lines each function as a transfer path (communication path/signal line) which transfers a predetermined signal.
The first to third channels CH0, CH1, and CH2 respectively correspond to color components of green (G), blue (B), and red (R) of an image signal. Further, in order that the clock (CK) lines and HPD/RSV lines are connected respectively to HPD/RSV terminals and CK terminals, by the first connector 111 and the second connector 121, the CK lines and the HPD/RSV lines are connected to these terminals which differ from what these lines originally are to be connected to. On the other side, the HPD line conforms to the existing High-definition Digital Media Interface (HDMI) standards, and is a signal line used for detecting a target apparatus to be connected to. Further, the RSV line is prepared according to the standard of the bidirectional communication interface 101.
The bidirectional communication interface 101 comprises, for example, a power line (PW) capable of supplying a power of +5 V from a power supply (Vcc) comprised in the source-side (first) connector 111 to the sink-side (second) connector 121, and a CEC line according to the existing HDMI Consumer Electronics Control (HDMI-CEC) standards.
With respect to an audio signal and a video signal (A/V signal), a connector 211 of the source device 201 comprises a transmitter 221 which performs signal transfer depending on either system 1 or system 2, a switch (SW) 231 to switch transmission according to system 1 and system 2, and a microcomputer 241 which controls switching by the switch 231.
System 1 is a transfer method (standard) according to the existing HDMI standards which will be hereinafter referred to as HDMI or HDMI1.
System 2 is a transfer method based on a prerequisite of a standard according to the existing HDMI standards and more improves in signal transfer speed than according to the existing HDMI standards. System 2 will be hereinafter simply referred to as HDMI-II or HDMI-TYPE2 or TYPE2.
The switch 231 is used to also switch communication modes (communication 2 using a communication block 2 and communication 3 using a communication block 3) to be applied to the communication section 251 which receives signals from the sink device 301, in accordance with an instruction from the microcomputer 241. Further, the microcomputer 241 comprises, integrally or as firmware, a communication section 243 capable of transmission/reception in a communication mode (the communication 1 using the communication block 1) through the CEC line. The microcomputer 241 obtains a HPD signal supplied from the sink device 301 before the switch 231 (on the side of the sink device 301) and can understand characteristics and a state of the sink device 301.
A connector 311 of the sink device 301 comprises a receiver 321 which receives a signal transferred from the source device 201 in accordance with either system 1 or system 2 and receives audio and video signals, a switch (SW) 331 which switches the receiver 321 to system 1 or system 2 in response to a signal transferred from the source device 201, and a microcomputer 341 which controls switching by the switch 331. The switch 331 is used to also switch communication modes (the communication 2 using the communication block 2 and the communication 3 using the communication block 3) to be applied to the communication section 351 which receives signals from the sink device 301, in accordance with an instruction from the microcomputer 341. Further, the microcomputer 341 comprises, integrally or as firmware, a communication section 343 capable of transmission/reception in a communication mode (the communication 1 using the communication block 1) through the CEC line. The microcomputer 341 supplies a HPD signal to a pre-stage before the switch 331 (on the side of the signal transfer path 101) in a manner that the source device 201 can obtain the signal.
The connector 311 of the sink device 301 comprises an EDID section 361 which retains own video-reproduction ability information (performance) in a manner that extended display identification data (EDID [performance information]) for allowing the side of the source device 201 to determine own-performance (reproduction ability) of the sink device 301 can be transferred to the source device 201. That is, in accordance with a read command from the source device 201, the EDID section 361 supplies the source device 201 with information that, for example, a receivable timing for (the video signal of) the sink device (television apparatus) 301 is, for example, up to “1080p (parallel)”.
In the foregoing bidirectional communication interface 101, as will be specifically described later, a test signal is output through the CK terminals from the connector 211 on the side of the source device 201 to the connector 311 on the side of the sink device 301, by the communication 2 using the communication block 2 of the communication section 251. At this time, the clock CK used in accordance with the HDMI (system 1) is shut off by the switch 231.
The test signal from the source device 201 is input to the HPD/RSV terminals of the connector 311 on the side of the sink device 301 since the CK lines of the cable (transfer path) 101a and the HPD/RSV lines are twisted.
The connector 311 of the sink device 301 transfers the test signal received by the HPD/RSV terminals to the CK terminals by the communication 2 of the communication section 251, and outputs the test signal from the CK terminals to the connector 211 of the source device 201.
The connector 211 of the source device 201 receives the test signal from the sink device 301, which is received through the switch 231, by the own HPD/RSV terminals.
That is, when the test signal which is received by the HPD/RSV terminals of the connector 211 of the source device 201 is detected to be a test signal which the communication block 2 of the communication section 251 has output toward the connector 311 of the sink device 301 through the CK terminals, the source device 201 verifies two features below:
(a) The partner apparatus (sink device 301) has a new communication function capable of signal transfer according to system 2 (HDMI-II/TYPE2);
(b) The cable 101a (interface 101) is capable of signal transfer according to the new system 2 (HDMI-II); and
a determination can be made on that communication (system 2 [HDMI-II]) different from a communication standard (signal transfer standard) different from the existing HDMI (system 1) standard defined by the present proposal.
More specifically, as will be described below and shown in
the verification of the two features described above (a check on capability of communication according to system 2 [HDMI-II]) outputs a test signal from the CK terminals of the connector 211 on the side of the source device 201 [401];
the connector 311 of the sink device 301 receives (detects) the test signal through the HPD/RSV terminals (from the source device 201) [402];
the sink device 301 transfers the received test signal to the CK terminals in the same connector 311 by the switch 331 in the connector 311 [403];
the connector 311 of the sink device 301 transmits the test signal (received from the HPD/RSV terminals) from the CK terminals [404];
the connector 211 of the source device 201 receives the test signal through the HPD/RSV terminals from the sink device 301 [405];
the source device 201 determines, by the communication section 251 and the microcomputer 241, whether the received test signal is the same as the test signal transmitted first from the CK terminals or not (i.e., uniqueness therebetween) [406]; and
when the received test signal is determined to be the same as the test signal transmitted first from the CK terminals, the source device 201 determines that signal transfer according to system 2 (HDMI-II) is possible [407] and
the verification as described above is carried out, and signal transfer is performed in accordance with a result determined by the determination [407].
In the sink device 301, the power supply of the sink device 301 may be off (i.e., the sink device 301 need not be on) on a prerequisite that the switch 331 of the connector 311 is operating.
A check for possibility of the communication according to the foregoing system 2 can be also made by changing an order of a partial procedure and a direction of signal transmission when the power supply of the sink device 301 is on and when the power supply of the source device 201 is off, although there has been disclosed an example of making an inquiry (transmission of the test signal or a check of presence or absence of the communication block 2 through the CEC line) from the source device 201 when the power supply of the sink device 301 is off.
When the power supplies of the sink device and the source device each are on, the foregoing check for possibility of communication according to system 2 differs only in that the apparatus which has received the test signal can perform the communication block 2 (communication 2). To make a check that the communication block 2 (communication 2) can be performed by the test signal stays substantially unchanged.
As described above, if a signal is transferred from the source device 201 to the sink device 301 according to system 2 (HDMI-II) defined by the present proposal, a detection that the partner apparatus (sink device 301) comprises the communication block 2 and that the bound cable 101a is applicable to the communication according to the communication 2 (different from the existing HDMI [system 2]), prior to start of communication using the communication block 2 (communication 2) is determined that the communication according to the communication 2 is possible when a test signal is generated from the communication block 2 (communication section 251) and is sent from the CK terminals through the switch 231 and when the test signal transmitted from the HPD/RSV terminals or a corresponding response signal thereto is received from the sink device 301.
When the communication section 251 (on the side of the source device 201) and communication section 351 (on the side of the sink device 301) verify the two features described above by the test signal and when the communication (signal transfer) according to a communication standard different from system 1 (existing HDMI) is determined to be possible, signal transfer equivalent to the existing HDMI or, namely, transmission of the EDID information to the side of the source device, exchange of encryption/decryption information for a copyright protection function, signal transfer through a HDMI Ethernet channel (HEC), and CEC communication by the communication 1 using the communication block 1 are shared by using both the communication block 2 (communication 2) and the communication block 3 (communication 3) between the communication section 251 (source device) and the communication section 351 (sink device).
As shown in
Conversely, the apparatuses capable of signal transfer according to system 2 are connected to each other. Therefore, when the test signal from the HPD/RSV terminals or a corresponding response signal thereto can be detected to be not receivable (i.e., the test signal is not returned because the CK lines and the HPD/RSV lines are not twisted), as a result of verification on the foregoing two features, whether the communication uses the communication 1 (according to the existing CEC standards) and the partner apparatus comprises the communication block 2 by a test communication signal (new communication command) by, for example, a vendor command or not (whether signal transfer by the communication block 2 is possible or not) is detected.
Hereinafter, when the partner apparatus is detected to comprise no communication block 2 by the communication (test communication signal) using the communication 1 (existing CEC communication), the existing HDMI communication is performed.
Otherwise, when the partner apparatus is detected to comprise the communication block 2 by the communication using the communication 1, the user is notified of possibility of communication according to system 2 and of replacement to be made from the cable (transfer path) 1101a to a cable (the cable 101a shown in
The cable 101a has a terminal shape connectable to a receptacle to which the existing HDMI cable 1101a can be connected.
In the foregoing cable 1101a, G, B, and R terminals, CK terminals, and HPD terminals of the connectors at two ends of the cable are respectively are connected respectively to the G, B, and R (CH0, CH1 and CH2) terminals, CK terminals, and HPD terminals of the corresponding receptacles, when the connectors are connected to the receptacles of the source device and sink device.
On the other side, in the connector 111 of the cable 101a, G, B, and R terminals are provided at respective positions of the G, B, and R terminals of the existing cable 1101a, first terminals are provided at positions of the CK terminals of the existing cable, and second terminals are provided at positions of the HPD terminals of the existing cable. Further, in the connector 121 of the cable 101a, G, B, and R terminals are provided at positions of the G, B, and R terminals of the existing cable 1101a, third terminals are provided at positions of the CK terminals of the existing cable, and fourth terminals are provided at positions of the HPD terminals of the existing cable. Further in the cable 101a, there are provided leads (signal lines) connecting the G, B, and R terminals between two ends of the cable, a lead (signal line) connecting the first and fourth terminals to each other, a lead connecting the first and fourth terminals to each other, and a lead (signal) connecting the second and third terminals to each other. That is, when the cable 101a is connected to the sink and source devices, the cable 101a respectively connects G, B, and R terminals of the source device and G, B, and R terminals of the sink device, connects the HPD terminals of the source device 201 and the CK terminals of the sink device, and connects the CK terminals of the source device and the HPD terminals of the sink device.
In this case, information acquisition according to the communication 1 by use of the CEC line and performance of the partner by the EDID conform to the existing HDMI standards. Further, HPD processing (a response to a read request from a source device) inside the partner apparatus is performed by a microcomputer 1341 and an interface (IF3) 1345.
In
That is, at the time of transmission according to system 2, a voice signal is packetized by the packetizing processor 271, and time-multiplexed on a blanking period of a video signal (B/G/R). Each of R, G, and B signals forming a video signal are converted into parallel signals in a pre-stage before a transition-minimized differential signaling (TMDS) encoder 273 (by a parallel converter 272), thereby converted from 8-bit signals into 10-bit ones, and thereafter converted into serial data.
An output of the TMDS encoder 273 is amplified to a predetermined intensity by an amplifier/waveform equalizer included in the switch 231, and is input to the connector 311 of the sink device 301 through the first to third channels CH0, CH1, and CH2 of the cable body 101a and the clock lines CK. When the switch 231 comprises the waveform equalizer, an extent of equality between waveforms is evaluated when required. Accordingly, deterioration of transferred signals or influence on determination performance (which causes deterioration in determination capability, as a result) can be restricted with respect to high-speed transfer or long-distance transfer.
In the sink device 301, a signal transferred in accordance with system 2 is input to the receiver 321 through the switch 231, and is decoded into a video signal and a voice signal by the receiver 321 and a processor in a post-stage thereof.
Specifically, compared with the existing HDMI (system 1), application of system 2 results in features describes below:
a) Signal data can also be transferred by the clock lines CK; and
b) The first to third channels CH0, CH1, and CH2 transfer signal data which can reproduce the clock, therefore, the speed of signal transfer from the source device 201 to the sink device 301 can be improved.
In addition, the CEC line performs the communication block 1 through a transceiver 274 and a transceiver interface 275.
By providing the switch (which can include an amplifier) 231 for the bidirectional communication interface 101 (cable body 101a) compatible with the embodiment disclosed as system 2, for example, high-speed communication is possible under constant conditions without requiring a static/dynamic waveform equalizer which is recommended for the 10-gigabit Ethernet (10GbE). Further, an amplifier may be omitted if a transfer distance can be limited to a constant distance as an upper limit of, e.g., one meter or so.
In the 10-gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) class standardized already under the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.3ae standard, a video signal B transmitted from the source device 201 to the sink device 301 is subjected to speed conversion into a 64-bit parallel signal and bit-parallel conversion in an asynchronous high-speed memory (FIFO) and a packetizing block 283. The signal is further converted into a 66-bit one by a physical coding sublayer (PCS) block 291 of the transmitter positioned in a next stage, is thereafter converted into serial data by a physical medium attachment (PMA) block 293, and is transferred to the side of the sink device.
On the side of the sink device 301, serial data received by the receiver (Rx) is converted into 66-bit parallel data by the PMA block 393 comprising the clock-data recovery (CDR) section 393a, and is reverse-converted into 64-bit data by the PCS block 391 (66/64 conversion). The clock and data information converted into 64-bit data by the PCS block 391 is subjected to speed conversion and bit-parallel conversion into a video signal B by depacketizing processing and asynchronous high-speed memory (FIFO) block 383. The G and R signals each are substantially the same as the B signal, and a description thereof will be omitted.
The PCS block 391 also performs coding and scramble processing on data or, namely, communication information. The PCS block 391 on the side of the sink device 301 performs a scramble processing and decoding on data.
The CDR section 393a restores original of an input signal data from the input signal.
The PMA block 293 provides a local area network (LAN) function and obtains a media access control (MAC) address from the sink device 301, and specifies a data transmission destination, i.e., a partner apparatus. Similarly, the PMA block 293 on the side of the sink device 301 recognizes the source device 201 as a transmission source.
More specifically, a reference clock is generated by a quartz oscillator and an oscillator (XO) 285 on the side of the source device 201. A phased lock loop (PLL) section 297 generates a clock at 156.25 MHz (CKf2), and a next (next stage) PLL section 299 generates a clock (CKf2) at 5.15625 GHz. A frequency divider (1/N) 295 generates a clock (CKf2) at 156.25 MHz as a 1/33 clock of the clock (CKf2). The clock line CKf2 is used for 64/66 conversion by a PCS block 261. The clock line CKf3 is used for driving the FIFO/packetizing block 283 and the PCS block 291.
Meanwhile, on the side of the sink device 301, a reference clock is generated by the quartz oscillator and the oscillator (XO) 385, and a PLL section 397 generates a clock at 156.25 MHz (referred to as CKf1′ because of a difference from the side of the source device). A next (next stage) PLL section 399 generates a clock at 5.15625 GHz (similarly referred to as CKf2′). The CDR section 393a (in the PMA block 363) follows a change point of received data on the basis of the clock CKf2′, generates a clock (CKf2) equal to a frequency on the side of the source device 201, and simultaneously performs a processing on data.
Thereafter, a processing which is a reverse to that performed on the side of the source device 201 is performed as the FIFO/depacketing block 383 and PCS block 391 are driven with use of the 1/33 clock (CKf3) at 156.25 MHz obtained by dividing the clock (CKf2) output from the CDR section 393a by a frequency divider (1/N) 395. The G and R signals each are substantially the same as the B signal, and a description thereof will be omitted.
Thus, in a configuration shown in
Thus, in
As shown in
Therefore, the second connector 121 comprises a convex part 121a and a concave part 121b which can be connected only to the connector 311 of the sink device 301. Accordingly, the connector 311 of the sink device 301 comprises a concave part 311b to be connected to the convex part 121a of the second connector 121, and a convex part 311a to be connected to the concave part 121b of the second connector 121.
The convex parts and concave parts each may have an arbitrary shape insofar as directivity of the bidirectional communication interface 101 can be indicated and connection in a reverse direction can be avoided. Combinations with the concave parts may be freely set.
Each of the connectors at two ends of the cable 101a may be constructed in a configuration as described above which is capable of clarifying directivity and of substantially avoiding connection in a reverse direction at the time of attaching to/detaching from (insertion/connection) a apparatus as a target of connection between the convex part and the concave part having arbitrary shapes. Thereby, the cable body 101a capable of signal transfer according to system 2 (HDMI-II) is configured to be not connectable to the cable 1101a capable of signal transfer only according to system 1, occurrence of a connection error can be prevented. Further, since directivity can be clear, to the load on the user does not increase.
In the present embodiment as described above, the channel of the clock lines CK can perform high-speed communication transfer compatible with a transfer system referred to as system 2 (HDMI-II) which transfers also signal data. In case of system 2, signal data capable of reproducing a clock can be transferred simultaneously together through a signal channel.
The load on the user does not increase since a determination on either system 1 or system 2 can be automatically made by using features of shapes of connectors attached to an interface (cable body).
While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011-251940 | Nov 2011 | JP | national |
