The invention relates to biosoluble inorganic fibers and a method for producing the same.
Inorganic fibers are light in weight, easy to handle, and have excellent heat resistance. Therefore, they are used as a heat-insulating sealing material, for example. On the other hand, in recent years, a problem has been pointed out that inorganic fibers are inhaled by a human body and the inhaled fibers invade the lung. Therefore, biosoluble inorganic fibers that do not cause or hardly cause problems even if inhaled by a human body have been developed (Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example).
According to applications, biosoluble inorganic fibers are not only used as the raw material of textiles such as a rope, a yarn and a cloth, but also secondarily processed and used as a formed product such as a blanket, a board and a felt or an unshaped product such as a coating material and mortar.
Patent Documents 3 and 4 state that, in order to suppress elution of fiber components, biosoluble inorganic fibers are covered with a phosphate, a molybdenum compound, a zinc compound or the like.
Patent Document 1: Japan Patent No. 3753416
Patent Document 2: JP-T-2005-514318
Patent Document 3: JP-A-2007-197264
Patent Document 4: JP-A-2008-162853
An object of the invention is to provide biosoluble inorganic fibers that can be easily processed and a method for producing the same.
According to the invention, the following inorganic fiber and method for producing the same can be provided.
According to the invention, biosoluble inorganic fiber that can be processed easily and the method for producing the same can be provided.
The inorganic fiber of the invention is characterized in that a biosoluble fiber is treated by a surfactant. Specifically, a surfactant is adhered to a biosoluble fiber and they are integrated. A surfactant is mainly adhered to the surface of a fiber, and preferably covers the surface thereof.
If a surfactant is adhered to a fiber, friction among fibers is suppressed to allow fibers to be soft. As a result, fibers are hardly bent when processing. In addition, they can be easily mixed uniformly with other components, whereby a secondary product can be produced stably. For example, when a felt is produced, the fiber is pricked with a needle, and when an unshaped product is produced, the fiber is melt-kneaded with a solvent or the like. Due to the adhesion with a surfactant, the fiber is hardly bent during such processing. As a result, the strength can be increased.
Further, depending on the amount of a surfactant to be adhered, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity and water repellency of the entire fiber can be adjusted in accordance with the application.
For example, when an unshaped product such as a joint filler is produced, a high hydrophilicity is required. When a textile is produced, the fiber is required to have high flexibility or high hydrophobicity.
The amount of a surfactant is normally 0.01 to 2 wt %, preferably 0.01 to 1.5 wt %, and more preferably 0.01 to 1.0 wt % relative to 100 wt % of the entire fiber with a surfactant being adhered thereto. The amount may be 0.01 wt % or more and less than 0.25 wt % and may be 0.25 wt % or more and 1.0 wt % or less. According to the application, the amount of a surfactant can be increased or decreased within this range or exceeding this range.
Preferable surfactants in respect of performance are a cationic surfactant such as alkylamine (primary, secondary, tertiary, diamine, triamine) acetate, alklyldimethyl betaine, polyoxyethylene alkylamine lactate, an alkylamideamine derivative and alkyltrimethylammonium chloride. As for an alkyl group, one derived from beef tallow (C8 to C18) is preferable, with alkylamine acetate being more preferable.
In ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), a salt portion is Na+(sodium salt) or NH330(ammonium salt). Further, since the terminal group of EDTA has a structure of acetic acid (CH3COO−), it does not become acetate as a salt (counter ion). Therefore, alkylamine acetate does not include in EDTA. Normally, a surfactant does not include such a chelating agent.
The biosoluble fiber is a fiber having a physiological saline dissolution ratio of 1% or more at 40° C.
The physiological saline dissolution ratio is measured by the following method, for example. Specifically, first, 1 g of the sample obtained by pulverizing inorganic fibers to 200 meshes or less and 150 mL of physiological saline are put in a conical flask (volume: 300 mL). This flask is placed in an incubator of 40° C., and a horizontal vibration (120 rpm) is continuously applied for 50 hours. Thereafter, the concentration (mg/L) of each element contained in a filtrate obtained by filtration is measured by an ICP emission spectrometry apparatus. Based on the measured concentration of each element and the content (wt %) of each element in inorganic fibers before dissolution, the physiological saline dissolution ratio (%) is calculated. That is, if the measurement elements are silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and aluminum (Al), the physiological saline dissolution ratio C(%) is calculated in accordance with the following formula: C(%)=[Amount of filtrate (L)×(a1+a2+a3+a4)×100]/[Weight (mg) of inorganic fibers before dissolution×(b1+b2+b3+b4)/100]. In this formula, a1, a2, a3 and a4 are respectively the measured concentration (mg/L) of silicon, magnesium, calcium and aluminum and b1, b2, b3 and b4 are respectively the content (wt %) of silica, magnesium, calcium and aluminum in the inorganic fibers before dissolution.
As the biosoluble fiber, the following composition ratio can be specifically given:
In addition, the following composition ratio can be given:
The biosoluble fibers can be roughly divided into Mg-silicate fibers containing a large amount of MgO and Ca-silicate fibers containing a large amount of CaO. As the Mg-silicate fibers, the following composition ratio can be exemplified.
As the Ca-silicate fibers, the following composition ratio can be exemplified. The fibers having this composition ratio have excellent biosolubility and fire resistance after heating.
If SiO2 is in the above range, the fibers have excellent heat resistance. If CaO and MgO are in the above-mentioned range, the fibers have excellent biosolubility before and after heating.
The content of Al2O3 can be 3.4 wt % or less or 3.0 wt % or less, for example. Further, it can be 1.1 wt % or more or 2.0 wt % or more. It is preferably 0 to 3 wt %, more preferably 1 to 3 wt %. If Al2O3 is included within this range, the strength is increased.
The above-mentioned inorganic fiber may or may not include, as other oxides, one or more selected from alkali metal oxides (K2O, Na2O or the like), Fe2O3, ZrO2, P2O5, B2O3, TiO2, MnO, R2O3 (R is selected from Sc, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y or a mixture thereof). The amounts of other oxides may be 0.2 wt % or less or 0.1 wt % or less. As for the alkali metal oxides, the amount of each oxide may be 0.2 wt % or less, and the total of the alkali metal oxides may be 0.2 wt % or less.
In the biosoluble fibers, the total of SiO2, CaO, MgO and Al2O3 may be larger than 98 wt % or larger than 99 wt %.
Next, an explanation will be made on the method for allowing a surfactant to be adhered to the fiber.
As for the method for allowing a surfactant to be adhered to the fiber, no specific restrictions are imposed as long as an adequate amount can be adhered. For example, a surfactant can be blown from the surrounding area immediately after the formation of a biosoluble fiber. Alternatively, a surfactant can be blown before secondary processing; i.e. before the fibers are assembled in the form of a bulk and a blanket. A surfactant may be adhered by impregnation. A surfactant can be used after diluting with an adequate solvent. Dilution can be conducted appropriately by using water or an organic solvent as the solvent. pH adjustment can be conducted with acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, ammonium or the like. Normally, taking equipment, safety or the like into consideration, it is preferable to adjust with water, acetic acid, ammonium or the like. pH is not particularly restricted, but a pH of about 6 to 8 is preferable in respect of safety.
Further, heating and drying may be conducted at a temperature range in which a surfactant does not totally disappear or its effects are exhibited.
The fiber of the invention to which a surfactant is adhered can be used as it is as a textile and a bulk. In addition, they can be processed into a formed product such as a blanket, a board and a felt or an unshaped product such as a coating material, mortar or the like.
The fiber of the invention may have a configuration in which only a surfactant is adhered. Within a range that does not impair the effects of the invention, other materials may be adhered. The fiber of the invention may have a configuration in which phosphates, molybdenum compounds, zinc compounds, polyamidine compounds, ethyleneimine compounds, aluminum compounds, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, a hydrophobic agent (silicone or the like). antiseptics (natural) starch, (natural) starch sulfamate or sulfamic acid or the like are not adhered.
A raw material containing 73 mass % of SiO2, 24 mass % of CaO, 0.3 mass % of MgO and 2 mass % of Al2O3 was heated to produce a molten solution. Next, when the molten solution was formed into fiber, an alkyl amine acetate (surfactant) was sprayed from the side to produce inorganic fiber. The amount of surfactant attached to the fiber was varied as shown in Table 1.
The fiber obtained was lightly rubbed with both hands and made into a ball to prepare a sample. The sample was dropped into a 200 ml measuring cylinder containing 200 ml of tap water. The time taken until the sample became wet and the time taken until it settled were measured continuously. The results are shown in Table 1.
The wetting time means the time taken from a point in time at which the sample is dropped to the measuring cylinder to a point in time at which the entire sample sinks under the water as shown in
Fiber was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a surfactant was not attached. The results are shown in Table 1.
The fiber in Example 1 is suited for a bulk of textile products. Also, it can be used as a joint filler which is used in an atmosphere with high humidity and thus requires to have high water repellency.
The fiber in Example 2 has good flexibility, and moderate hydrophilicity and water repellency (i.e. hardly settle down in water but not completely float), and is easily stirred homogeneously without being broken. Therefore, it is suited for an unshaped heat insulating material.
The inorganic fiber of the invention can be used for various applications as a heat insulator and an alternative to asbestos.
Although only some exemplary embodiments and/or examples of this invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the exemplary embodiments and/or examples without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of this invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention.
The documents described in this specification and the Japanese application specification claiming priority under the Paris Convention are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2011-263414 | Dec 2011 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/JP2012/007237 | 11/12/2012 | WO | 00 | 5/30/2014 |