Bit holder

Abstract

An improved bit holder includes a larger bit shank bore and an enlarged upper shank segment or band with a taper of up to 7 degrees per side that provides an interference fit between the top of the shank and top of the bit block bore when the bottom of the bit holder body seats on the top of the bit block bore. An annular tapered void adjacent the bit holder tire portion provides for ease of bit holder extraction.

Description

This invention relates to road milling, mining and trenching equipment and, more particularly, to an improved bit holder used in road milling.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

With the invention of the present applicants quick change bit holder as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,585,326, issued Jul. 1, 2003, the combination of bits and their respective bit holders whether separate pieces or combined into a unitary structure, no longer needed threaded nuts or retaining rings to maintain the structure on a bit block as part of a rotating drum or endless chain type of bit assembly mechanism. The respective shanks of the bit/holder combinations were generally cylindrical in shape, hollow with a thick generally annular side wall and slotted on a distal portion of that side wall in an axially inward direction allowing for radial compression when inserted in a bit block bore having sufficient radial force between that shank and bore to maintain the bit holder in the bit block during use.

In the preferred embodiment, the bit block bore would be tapered in a non-locking taper configuration approximating one degree of taper per side and the shank of the bit holder would likewise be tapered along a portion of its length such that the insertion of the bit holder shank in the bit block bore need only be forced approximately ½ to 1¼ inch to mount the bit holder shank in the bit block bore.

Differing configurations made by others utilizing applicant's basic invention were, secondly, configured with either near a perfectly cylindrical bit block bore and a cylindrical distal end of the slotted bit holder shank. Such a configuration required forcing the bit holder shank into the bit block bore a distance of about two inches to retain the assembly together during use.

A third configuration was developed utilizing a bit block bore that at approximately its outer ½ axial length included a frustoconical shape taper approximating 5.5 degrees per side with the inner portion of its axial length being cylindrical in shape. The distal end half of the bit holder shank was slotted in a configuration useful with the third type of bit block bore. The present applicant's prior application Ser. No. 12/870,289 disclosed a bit holder shank in FIG. 12 capable of being retained in the third type of bit block bore, namely, the inner half being cylindrical and the outer half being tapered with FIGS. 13 and 14 showing that same bit holder shank being inserted in a bit block having a slight (one degree per side) constant taper bore.

The invention shown in the previously mentioned FIG. 12 of the '289 application discloses an upper portion of the bit holder shank immediately adjacent the upper bit holder body rear annular flange which does not contact the upper portion of the bit holder shank of the tapered bit block bore, but does have the rear annular flange contacting the upper flat horizontal surface of the bit block.

Competitive bit holder/bit block combinations were constructed such that when the bit holder shank was mounted in the bit block bore, the rear annular flange of the bit holder body would be spatially related to the upper surface of the bit block.

A need has developed for a new and improved bit holder shank capable of operating in the multiple bit holder bore configurations.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention resides in a bit holder comprising a bit holder body and a generally cylindrical shank depending from the bottom of the bit holder body, the shank including an upper portion generally closely subjacent a bottom of the bit holder body, the upper portion including an outer taper surface up to 7.0 degrees per side with a central axis of the bit holders and axial height of the upper portion being between about ½ inch and ⅞ inch.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention may best be understood from the following detailed description of a currently preferred embodiment and modifications thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings where like numerals refer to like parts, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a vertical elevational front view of an improved bit holder constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical elevational side view of the bit holder of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a vertical elevational side view of the combination bit holder and bit block with the improved bit holder shown as inserted in the bit block bore with the bit holder shank shown in dotted line.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a bit holder, generally indicated at 10, constructed in accordance with the present invention includes what would be termed a “beefed up” bit body 11 adjacent the top thereof and a generally cylindrical shank 12 depending from the bottom of the bit holder body. As shown most clearly in FIG. 3, the bit holder shank is sized to fit within a bore 13 in a bit block 14, to be discussed in more detail below.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, the bit holder body 11 is generally annular in shape having a flat annular top surface 15, a generally cylindrical upper portion 16 a nominal 1¾ inches in diameter extending axially approximately 1 inch downward from the top surface 15. Subjacent the extended cylindrical top portion is a flared middle portion 17, in this preferred embodiment having a concave side surface that extends axially and downwardly and radially outwardly to what is termed in the art as a “tire portion” 18 which is generally circular and is the widest radially extending portion of the bit holder. The tire portion approximates ½ inch in axial dimension with a diameter of about 2⅝ inches. At the bottom of the tire portion is constructed in accordance with this preferred embodiment is a 45 degree tapered portion 20 ending in a flat annular rear flange 21 of the body.

Again, as shown most clearly in FIG. 3, this 45 degree angular tapered portion 20 provides, when the bit holder is fully mounted in the bit block, a hollowed out area between the bottom annular flange 21 of the bit holder body 11 and the top flat surface of the bit block providing a space 22 in which an extraction tool (not shown) may be inserted and utilized to easily remove the bit holder 10 from the bit block 14. Two pair of tapered undercuts 50-51 (only 52 shown) are formed in the tire portion adjacent the outer surface thereof for providing a hollow area in which the tapered tines of a fork (not shown) may be inserted to provide for extraction of the combined tip/bit holder (not shown) from the top of the bit block. The wedge cutouts 50, 51 and 52 preferably each include a flat vertical inside surface 53, 54 and 55 parallel with each other, respectively, a flat 15 degree tapered top or roof surface 56, 57, and 58, respectively. The outside edge of surfaces 56, 57 and 58 are arcuate in shape and follow the periphery of the tire portion. The interior border, or declining terminus 60 (not shown), 61 (FIG. 2), 62 (FIG. 2), respectively, of each wedge does not extend to a plane, shown extending through an axis A of the bit holder body in FIG. 2, through the centerline of the holder. A single tool (not shown) with tapered tines approximating ⅛ inch in thickness on the distal end and about ⅞ inch thickness on the central bight portion is sufficient to extract the bit holder from the bit block.

Subjacent the bit holder body 11, is the generally cylindrical shank 12 of the bit holder 10. It should be noted that both the bit holder body and the bit holder shank include a central bore 23 positioned therethrough which runs from the annular flat top surface 15 of the bit holder body to the distal end 24 of the bit holder shank 12.

In the preferred embodiment, this bore approximates 0.780-0.786 inch in diameter, the importance of which will be discussed below.

Depending from the rear annular flange 21 of the bit holder body 11 is the generally cylindrical hollow shank 12. The top portion of the shank may include a rounded junction 25 between the bit holder body 11 and the shank 12 which is provided to avoid sharp corners which may provide an area for stress cracks to begin. Subjacent this rounded area is an increased diameter top shank portion 27, larger than heretofore utilized in applicant's bit holders. This increased diameter portion 27 completely fills a void such as shown in FIG. 12 of applicant's co-pending application Ser. No. 12/870,289 for an approximate ½ to ⅞ inch upper shank axial length. The outer diameter of the upper tapered segment is 0.000 to 0.003 inch larger than the corresponding outer distal diameter of the bit block bore thus preferably providing a non-locking 5.5 degree per side preferred taper interference fit with the bit block bore 13. A non-locking taper is defined as achieving continuous axial movement when the same force is applied to initially insert the shank of the holder into the bit holder block bore.

As shown most clearly in FIG. 3, this interference fit is provided with the annular bottom flange 21 of the bit holder body 11 resting on the top flat surface 28 of the bit block 14 when mounted therein.

Subjacent the increased diameter upper shank portion 27 is a mediate decreased diameter shank segment 30 which, when the bit holder 10 is mounted in the bit block 14, is sized to not contact the bit block bore 13. In this decreased diameter mediate segment 30 is found the upper termination 31 of the longer bit shank slot 32 that extends from the upper mediate 30 portion through to the distal end 24 of the bit holder shank 12. Diametrically opposing this substantially through slot 32 is a shorter enclosed slot 33 with the upper termination 34 being axially positioned corresponding to the upper termination 31 of the longer slot 32 and the lower internal termination of the shorter slot 35 being found in the lower tapered portion 36 of the bit holder shank 12. This lower tapered portion 36, in this preferred embodiment, is between 0.005 and 0.050 inches larger than the corresponding bit block bore of competitors' bit holder block at the axial location corresponding to same when the bit holder 10 is inserted in the bit block bore 13. This tapered portion 36 collapses radially, when the bit holder shank 12 is inserted in the bit block bore 13 elastically to an extent that provides sufficient radial force to maintain the bit holder shank in the bit block bore during use.

A decreased size distal end portion 37 depends from the bottom of the lowered tapered segment 36 and, as shown most clearly in FIG. 3, is positioned to extend outwardly of the bottom 40 of the bit block 14 when the bit holder 10 is mounted therein. The bottom distal portion 37 is a general C-shape when viewed from the bottom 24 of the bit holder 10.

In the preferred configuration, as shown most clearly in FIG. 3, when the bit holder 10 is inserted in the bit block bore 13, the interference between both the upper shank portion 27 and the lower tapered portion 36 need only be forced during approximately the last ½ to 1¼ inch of insertion. As mentioned previously, a forked extraction tool (not shown) may be inserted between the lower tapered portion 20 of the bit holder body tire portion 18 and the top 28 of the bit block bore 13 to more easily remove the bit holder 10 from the bit block 14. Additionally, the distal end portion 37 of the bit holder shank 12 extends outwardly of the bottom 40 of the bit block 14 approximately ¼ to ⅝ inch and, if necessary, may provide a means for driving the bit holder 10 partially from the bit block 14 when desired. An upper portion 41 of the preferred bit block bore 13, in this embodiment it is about 1.665 inches in dimension adjacent the top, is enlarged from the one degree taper of the remainder of the bore to about a 5.5 to 7.0 degree per side taper to receive the enlarged upper band 27 of the bit holder shank 12 therein.

As indicated previously, the generally cylindrical top portion 16 of the bit holder body 11 provides increased mass and therefore increased toughness of the upper portion of the bit holder than heretofore utilized in competitor's bit holders. This increased diameter top portion 16 also provides an increased cross section for the insertion of the shank (not shown) of a bit into the larger diameter bore 23 of the top of the bit holder 10.

As shown most clearly again in FIG. 3, the fact that the preferred first embodiment 10 has the tire portion resting on the top surface of the bit block differs from that of certain manufacturers of bit holders and bit blocks wherein the bottom surface of the bit holder body is spatially related to the top surface of the bit block allows for more simple tooling to be utilized to extract the bit holder from the bit block.

Thus, a preferred embodiment of the present invention have been shown and described. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention. It is the intent of the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A bit holder for use in road milling comprising: a bit holder body including a bottom defining an annular flange perpendicular to a central axis thereof; anda generally hollow axially oriented slotted shank depending from the bottom of said body, said shank comprising: a slot that includes an upper terminal portion spatially oriented along said shank from said annular flange;a first portion between said annular flange and said upper terminal portion of the slot, said first portion including an outer declining taper surface toward a distal end of said shank between greater than zero and about a 7 degree angle per side thereof;a second portion adjacent the first portion, the second portion including the upper terminal portion of the slot, the first portion including an increased diameter from the second portion;a radially inwardly extending shoulder between the first portion and the second portion; andan axial height of said first portion being between about ½ inch and ⅞ inch, said first portion terminating at said shoulder.

2. The bit holder as defined in claim 1 wherein the bit holder body comprises a tire portion upwardly adjacent the bottom annular flange of the bit holder body, the tire portion including a first pair of spatially related parallel undercuts extending inwardly from the bottom annular flange of the bit holder body, said undercuts being a hollow wedge shape, the declining terminuses of said undercuts ending short of a plane through an axis of said bit holder body.

3. The bit holder as defined in claim 2 further including a second pair of spatially related parallel undercuts positioned opposite a central plane through an axis of said bit holder body from said first pair of undercuts.

4. The bit holder as defined in claim 2 wherein the tire portion comprises a radially inward outer annular tapered portion adjacent the bottom of the bit holder body, wherein a height of the radially inward outer annular tapered portion is approximately a top height of said undercuts, said undercuts and said annular tapered portion configured to provide voids for insertion of an extraction tool therein.

5. The bit holder of claim 4, wherein the radially inward outer annular tapered portion is at about a 45 degree angle to the bottom of the bit holder body.

6. The bit holder as defined in claim 1, wherein said outer declining taper surface is approximately a 6 degree angle per side with the central axis of the shank.

7. The bit holder as defined in claim 1, wherein said outer declining taper surface is between a 5 degree angle per side to a 7 degree angle per side with the central axis of the shank.

8. The bit holder of claim 1, further comprising: a rounded junction between a forward end of the first portion of the shank and the bit holder body, the rounded junction adapted to avoid sharp corners and relieve stress cracking.

9. A bit holder for use in road milling comprising; a bit holder body including a bottom defining an annular flange perpendicular to a central axis thereof; anda generally hollow axially oriented slotted shank depending from the bottom of said body, said shank comprising: a slot that includes an upper terminal portion spatially oriented along said shank from said annular flange;a first portion between said annular flange and said upper terminal portion of the slot;a second portion adjacent the first portion, the second portion including the upper terminal portion of the slot, the first portion including an increased diameter from the second portion;a radially inwardly extending shoulder between the first portion and the second portion;said first portion including an outer declining taper surface toward a distal end of said shank between greater than zero and about a 7 degree angle per side thereof, wherein the surface comprises a taper configured to form a fit between the shank first portion and a base block bore of a base block with the combination of axial movement of the shank into the base block bore and the bit holder body seating on a surface of said base block retaining the bit holder on the base block; andan axial height of said first portion being between about ½ inch and ⅞ inch said first portion terminating at said shoulder.

10. The bit holder of claim 9, further comprising: a rounded junction between a forward end of the first portion of the shank and the bit holder body, the rounded junction adapted to avoid sharp corners and relieve stress cracking.

11. A bit holder comprising: a bit holder body comprising a bottom defining an annular flange perpendicular to a central axis thereof; anda generally cylindrical hollow shank axially depending from the bottom of said bit holder body, the shank comprising: a slot including an upper terminal portion spatially oriented along said shank from said annular flange;a first portion between said annular flange and said upper terminal portion of the slot, the first portion including an outer declining taper surface toward a distal end of said shank between greater than zero and about a 7 degree angle per side thereof;a second portion adjacent the first portion, the second portion including the upper terminal portion of the slot, the first portion including an increased diameter from the second portion;a radially inwardly extending shoulder between the first portion and the second portion; andan axial height of said first portion being between about ½ inch and ⅞ inch, said first portion terminating at said shoulder.

12. The bit holder of claim 11, further comprising: a rounded junction between a forward end of the first portion of the shank and the bit holder body, the rounded junction adapted to avoid sharp corners and relieve stress cracking.

13. The bit holder of claim 11, wherein the axial height of said first portion being between ½ and ¾ inch.