This application claims priority to European application 13182178.7 filed Aug. 29, 2013, the contents of which are hereby incorporated in its entirety.
The invention concerns a blade of a rotating flow machine. The blade comprising, an airfoil having a suction surface and a pressure surface joined together along a trailing and a leading edge, a radially outwardly extending airfoil tip and a radially inward extending end joining an inner platform connecting the airfoil to a shank located at a radial end of the airfoil. The shank includes at least one shank pocket whose radially outwardly extending point is encircled by a portion of the platform that extends axially. At least one radially extending rim extends from the trailing edge side of the shank and has a radially orientated slot for receiving a seal. A mount extends radially inwardly from the shank pocket.
Blades of a rotary flow machine, such as a compressor unit or a turbine stage of a gas turbine arrangement, are typically circumferentially arranged on a plurality of axially ordered rotor wheels. The platforms of each blade delimit the working channel of the rotary flow machine, which in case of a turbine stage is the hot gas channel where hot gases emerging from an upstream combustor expand and convert kinetic energy into rotational mechanical energy. Highly-compressed air is typically extracted from the compressor unit of an axial turbine for the purpose of cooling turbine components, particularly those in the hot gas path downstream of the combustor. The cooling air is required to maintain the temperature of the turbine components at an acceptable level for operation, but comes at a cost to overall turbine efficiency and output. Therefore it is important to reduce any cooling flow leakage out of the turbine components.
The area between adjacent blades in a common blade row of a rotor wheel radially inward of the platforms of each blade is typically referred to as a shank pocket. Typically, cavities between rotating blades and axially adjacent stationary components axially forward and aft of each shank pocket operate at different pressures to enable a natural fluid flow from the higher pressure cavity to the lower pressure cavity through the gaps which are necessary for movement and expansion between adjacent rotating blades. Each of these gaps has a large leakage path for cooling flow to escape from the shank region of the blade. The cooling efficiency can also be impaired by ingress of hot gas from the hot gas path into the shank region.
Document EP 2 584 151 A2 discloses a sealing system for a turbine rotor blade having at least one shank pocket encircled radially outwardly by an axially extending portion of the platform. At least one radially directed rim extending from the trailing edge side of the shank has a radially orientated first slot for receiving a seal. The seal may be a strip seal comprising an arm portion and a hook portion wherein the arm and hook portions are shaped to mate with the slot such that the slot restrains the movement of the seal, wherein size of the seal substantially prevents a cooling flow from leaking through the shank pocket. Further, it is disclosed that the strip like seal bordering the shank portion of a first and a second blade that has a width that substantially prevents a cooling flow from leaking through the shank pocket.
A further sealing arrangement for a turbine blade is disclosed in the document US 2012/0237352 A. The sealing arrangement comprises two circumferentially adjacent arranged blades on a rotor wheel having an enclosed essentially radially oriented groove. The groove has at least one radial seal pin having an essentially uniformly round cross-section.
It is an object of the invention to provide an enhanced seal arrangement for constricting a leakage flow through a leakage gap between shanks of two adjacent circumferentially arranged blades of a rotary flow machine. A further objective is to simplify the assembling work required to introduce a seal in the slot between two neighboring shanks shall.
The objectives are achieved by the sum of the features in independent claims 1 and 13. Advantageous embodiments are additional provided in dependent claims as well preferred embodiments referenced in the following description.
Inventively, a blade of a rotary flow machine comprises an air foil having a suction surface and a pressure surface joined together along a trailing and a leading edges, a radially outward directed airfoil tip and a radially inward directed end joining an inner platform that connects the airfoil to a shank at a radial end of the airfoil and further has at least one shank pocket encircled in the radially outward direction by an axially extending portion of the platform. At least one radially extending rim that extends from the trailing edge side of the shank has a radially orientated slot for receiving a seal and a mount that extends radially inwardly from said shank pocket. The blade is characterized by the shank has an aperture on the shank surface oriented in an axial direction.
The axially facing surface of the shank is freely accessible even in the mounted state, i.e. all blades are circumferentially assembled in the rotor wheel. The inventive idea establishes a basis for the possibility to insert a seal after at least two neighboring blades, preferably all blades, are assembled onto a rotor wheel by inserting mounts of each blade into correspondingly shaped recesses in the rotor wheel.
The subsequent introduction of the seals into the slots after complete installation of all blades simplifies installation and reduces installation time associated with the assembling work of a rotary flow machine.
In a preferred embodiment, the shank of each blade has a second slot having an aperture on an opposite surface to the rim. The second slot and aperture preferably are of the same size and shape as the slot and aperture in the at least one radially directed rim. In an assembled state, the shanks of two neighboring blades adjoin each other such that the slot and aperture in the at least one rim of one of the two adjoining blades aligns radially and axially with the second slot and aperture of the other blade. The aligned slots form a cavity with a radially oriented longitudinal extension that preferably has a rectangular cross-section having a circumferential orientation rectangular side that defines the width of the rectangular cavity. In this way both apertures complement each other so as to form a common access opening through which a strip-like seal may be received into the rectangular cavity after the blades are assembled.
Preferably, the strip-like seal received in the rectangular cavity is made of a heat resistant material, most preferable having a length and width which corresponds to the radial extension and width of the rectangular cavity respectively. In other aspects, the shape and size of the seal corresponds to individual arrangements of the slots described in more detail in the following illustrated embodiments.
In all cases the aperture of the slot in the shank and the associated position of the access opening is radially arranged between the platform and the mount of the blade. Preferably, the aperture of the essentially radially oriented slots is arranged at the radially outer end of the slot, that is, the aperture is located radially close to the platform of the blade. This location makes it possible to easily insert the strip-like seal through the access opening of the already assembled blades.
After a seal is introduced into the rectangular cavity precaution must be taken to avoid the strip-like seal escaping through the access opening due to operational centrifugal and axial forces. To overcome this problem, in a preferred embodiment, the slot in the at least one radially directed rim is a grooved-shaped recess having a radially outward end bordered axially by a nose-like contour separating the radially outward end and the slot from the aperture.
The described new design for a radial sealing slot in a shank of a blade enables the insertion of a seal strip after assembly of blades around a rotor wheel. With reference to the accompanying drawings several different embodiments for realizing the slot and the strip seal are described.
An alternative inventive idea for inserting a seal in an essentially radially directed slot in the shank of a blade for reducing or diminishing leakage flow through a gap between the shanks of two adjacent blades to be assembled in one circumferentially row of a rotary wheel will now be described.
In contrast to the previously discussed seal arrangement which allows insertion of strip-like seals after a complete assembly of blade on a rotary wheel a further embodiment enables an easier way of loading the slot with a seal during blade assembly. Furthermore, this embodiment has accurate self-alignment of the seal within the slot bordered by the shanks of two neighboring blades.
In a known arrangement, a blade of a rotary flow machine comprises an airfoil having a suction and a pressure surfaces joining together along a trailing and a leading edge, a radially outward directed airfoil tip and a radially inward directed end joining an inner platform that connects the airfoil to a shank radially opposite airfoil having at least one shank pocket encircled radially outwardly by an axially extending portion of the platform and by at least one radially extending rim of the trailing edge side of the shank having a radially orientated first slot suitable for receiving a seal and a mount extending radially inward from the shank pocket having a second slot arranged on an opposite surface to the rim configured such that when assembling two blades in the circumferential direction of the rotary flow machine both slots form a common gap in which a seal is receivable prior to the assembly the two blades. The received seal is preferably sized to substantially prevent a leakage flow through the shank pocket. The blade is characterized in that one of the two slots has a groove-shaped recess with a width and a depth adapted to a width of a strip-like seal such that a hypotenuse of the width and depth of the groove-shaped recess is of the same size or greater than the width of the strip-like seal. The width of the strip-like seal on the other hand is greater or equal 50% of the length of the hypotenuse, preferably equal or greater than 70% of the length of the hypotenuse.
Due to the geometry and size adaptation between the groove-shaped recess and the strip-like seal it is possible to insert the strip-like seal completely into the groove-shaped recess before assembling the two adjacent blades in circumferentially direction on a rotor wheel. In addition, because the strip-like seal resides completely inside the groove-shaped recess, it is possible to seamless join the two adjacent blades in circumferential direction. In order to ensure that the strip-like seal, which is received along the hypotenuse of the recess during assembly, performs the additional function of an axial facing cover for the gap between the shanks of the two adjacent blades, a tool is necessary to slip the strip-like seal from the starting position along the hypotenuse into the axial sealing position.
To facility the slipping and rotating motion of the strip-like seal from the position along the hypotenuse to the end position the grooved-shaped recess has along its width a wedge-like contour with a flank portion inclined relative to the axial direction so that one side edge of the strip like seal can be slid along the flank while the strip-like seal is rotating around its length extension into the axial direction so as to seal the gap between the shanks of two adjacent blades to prevent a leakage flow through the shank pocket.
The flank of the wedge-like contour is located adjacent to a first limiting wall of the groove-shaped recess while the wedge-like contour limits a first gap with a second limiting wall located opposite to the first limiting wall. In an assembled configuration of the two blades in circumferentially direction the second slot has at least a second gap facing the first gap so that axial ends of the strip-like seal projects into both gaps simultaneously.
A further preferred embodiment has a helical contour along the radial direction of one limiting wall inside the grooved-shaped recess such that the strip-like seal, which initially takes the position along the hypotenuse of the grooved-shaped recess during assembling the blades, will turn itself without any tooling by means of centrifugal forces applied during the first commissioning. As will be described in more detail with a reference to the figures, the helical contour is provided only in a radial outward region along the grooved-shaped recess. Further details of the invention can be derived from the following disclosure describing preferred embodiments shown in the figures.
The invention shall now be explained in more detail based on exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. In the drawing
a to d first embodiment of an inventive blade according to a first inventive aspect,
a to c second embodiment of an inventive blade according to the first inventive aspect,
a to c first embodiment of an inventive blade according to the first inventive aspect,
a to d fourth embodiment of an inventive blade according to the first inventive aspect,
a, b
1 to b3 first embodiment of an inventive blade concerning to the second inventive aspect, and
a to b second embodiment of an inventive blade concerning to the second inventive aspect.
The blade 1 comprises an airfoil 2 having a suction surface 3 and a pressure surface (not shown) joined together along a leading edge 4 and trailing edge 5. The radially inwardly extending end of the airfoil 2 joins an inner platform 6 connecting the airfoil 2 to a shank 7 at a radial end of airfoil 2. The shank 7 has at least one shank pocket 8 which is defined as an area recessed in the shank 7 that is radially encircled by an axially a portion of the platform 6 and by at least one radially directed rim 9 that extends from the trailing edge 5 side of the shank 7. The shank 7 has a slot 10, as shown in
Embodiments of the seal arrangement will be further description with reference to I
c shows a slot 10 configured as a wedge-like grooved-shaped recess with an axial recess width becoming narrower towards the radially inward direction. The slot 20 has an aperture 13 which merges at a shank surface 14 oriented to face an axial direction a. The aperture 13 is connected to the slot 10 such that a seal 11, preferably in form of a rectangular strip-like metal seal, as shown in
To avoid an uncontrolled escape of the seal 11 out of the slot 10 through the aperture 13 the slot has at its radially outward end a nose-like contour 18 which separates the radially outward end 19 of the slot 10 from the aperture 13 in the axial direction. In
In the following description previously referenced reference numbers will be discussed without repeated explanation.
a is a perspective view of the shank portion 7 of a blade that is comparable to the embodiment shown in
a to c show a third preferred embodiment in which a radial seal is introduced into a slot 10 formed after blades are assembled on a rotary wheel. Here the slot 10 has a contoured grooved-shaped recess adapted for a clasped-like seal 11. The slot 10 comprises a bent strip having two close together strip ends 11′, 11″ at the radially outward end 19 of the slot 10 and a curved bent section 21 at the radially inward extending end of the slot 10.
The curved bent section 21 of the seal 11 pushes the clasped-like seal 11 against the inner axial surfaces of the contoured grooved-shaped recess of the slot 10. This can be seen in
a to d shows a fourth embodiment of a blade having a radially slot with an aperture formed after blade assembled in a rotary wheel for receiving a seal. The section of the shank 7 shown in
a, b show an embodiment of a rectangular slot 1 that is suitable for the receiving a specially designed seal arrangement shown in
d shows another embodiment of a strip-like seal 11 also having three strip-like seals 11.1, 11.2, 11.3 joined at a common end so that the strip-like seals form a fan-shaped. As shown in
The blades shown in the
a shows a perspective view of a blade 1 without an airfoil that would otherwise extend radially beyond the platform 6 from where cooling openings 25 are arranged.
The shank pocket 8 of the blade 1 is radially encircled by both a portion of the platform 6 that extends axially and by at least one radially directed rim 9 extending from the trailing edge side of the shank 7. The rim 9 includes a radially oriented slot 10 for inserting a seal. In contrast to the before described embodiments the slot 10 does not have an access aperture for insertion the seal into the slot. Instead, the slot 10 is completely embedded into the rim 9 while having a single circumferentially oriented c opening on one side.
b
1 to b3 show a cross-section of the slot 10. In
The slot 10 of the first blade 1.1 has a rectangular cross-section (see dashed line) having a slot width w and a slot depth d. According to the rectangular geometry of the slot 10 the slot 10 has a hypotenuse h wherein w2+d2=h2.
In addition, the strip-like seal 11 has a rectangular cross-section having a seal width ws equal or less than the length of the hypotenuse h but equal or greater than 50% but preferably equal or greater than 70% of the length of the hypotenuse h. With the aforementioned mentioned geometrical requirements, it is possible to place the seal 11 inside the slot 10 so that the seal 11 does not project beyond the slot 10 in circumferential direction c as shown in
After assembling two adjoining blades onto the rotary wheel the strip-like seal 11 has to be moved into a sealing position so as to close the an axial gap 26 axially, as shown in
To move the strip-like seal 11 from the position shown in
a, b shows an alternative embodiment of a blade having a radially directed slot 10 having a cross-section that enable the movement of the strip-like seal into the slot 10 after positioning the strip-like seal 10 along the hypotenuse h of the cross-section of the slot. In of
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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13182178.7 | Aug 2013 | EP | regional |