Claims
- 1. A compatibilized polymer blend of at least two polymers comprising:
a carbonyl containing polymer, a chlorine containing polymer; and from about 1 to about 30 parts by weight of a lactone/lactam block copolymer compatibilizing agent per 100 parts by weight of said polymer blend, wherein said block copolymer is an AB or an ABA block copolymer wherein said A block is derived from a lactone monomer and wherein said B block is derived from a lactam monomer with the proviso that at least one of said blocks is derived from two or more monomers, wherein said lactone block is made from a lactone monomer having from 4 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein said lactam block is made from a lactam monomer having from 4 to about 20 carbon atoms.
- 2. A compatibilized polymer blend according to claim 1, wherein said carbonyl containing polymer comprises polyamide, wherein said polyamide is derived from an internal lactam having from about 4 to about 20 carbon atoms, or is derived from the reaction of a diamine having from 4 to about 15 carbon atoms and a dicarboxylic acid having from about 4 to about 15 carbon atoms; wherein the amount of said chlorine containing polymer is from about 15% to about 90% by weight based upon the total weight of said chlorine containing polymers and said carbonyl containing polymer, and wherein said chlorine containing polymer is polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, a copolymer of polyvinyl chloride, or a copolymer of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, or a chlorinated polyolefin, or blends thereof.
- 3. A compatibilized polymer blend according to claim 2, wherein said chlorine containing polymer is polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, a copolymer of polyvinyl chloride, or blends thereof, and wherein said carbonyl containing polymer is polyamide 12, polyamide 6-12, Polyamide 12-12, or blends thereof, and wherein the amount of said block copolymer is from about 5 to about 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said polymer blend.
- 4. A compatibilized polymer blend according to claim 3, wherein the amount of said lactam in said block copolymer is from about 35% to 80% by weight, wherein the amount of lactone is said block copolymer is from about 20% to about 65% by weight based upon the total weight of said lactam-lactone block copolymer, and wherein the number average molecular weight of at least one lactam block and of at least one lactone block, independently, is from about 5,000 to about 180,000.
- 5. A compatiblized polymer blend according to claim 4, wherein said lactone block is made from ε-caprolactone, and wherein said lactam block is made from ω-lauryl lactam and ε-caprolactam.
- 6. A process for continuous making a poly(ε-caprolactone-ω-lauryl lactam and ε-caprolactam) block copolymer comprising:
bulk polymerizing ω-lauryl lactam and ε-caprolactam in order to form a poly(ω-lauryl lactam and ε-caprolactam) copolymer, and thereafter bulk copolymerizing ε-caprolactone in the presence of said poly(ω-lauryl lactam and ε-caprolactam) polymer, wherein said process uses at least one anionic polymerization initiator and optionally at least one polymerization co-initiator.
- 7. A process according to claim 6, including:
feeding a mixture of said ω-lauryl lactam and said ε-caprolactam, at least said one anionic polymerization initiator, and at least said optional co-initiator into a first, upstream hopper of an extruder and forming said poly(ω-lauryl lactam and ε-caprolactam) copolymer, and thereafter feeding ε-caprolactone into a second, downstream hopper of said extruder, and continuing copolymerization and forming said poly(ε-caprolactone-ω-lauryl lactam and ε-caprolactam) block copolymer.
- 8. A process according to claim 7, wherein said initiator comprises at least one Group IA metal or hydride; and said co-initiator comprises at least one isocyanate having the formula R—(NCO)n, wherein R is a hydrocarbon having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and n is from about 1 to about 3.
- 9. A process according to claim 7, wherein said initiator comprises at least one Group IA metal or hydride, and said co-initiator comprises at least one acylated derivative of caprolactam having the formula:
- 10. A process according to claim 9, wherein said metal hydride comprises sodium hydride, and said acylated derivative of caprolactam comprises N-acetyl-6-caprolactam.
- 11. A composition comprising:
a block copolymer having at least one block derived from at least one lactone monomer having a total of from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one block derived from at least one lactam monomer having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms with the proviso that at least one of said blocks is derived from two or more monomers, and wherein the block derived from at least one lactone monomer is from about 1% to about 80% by weight based upon the total weight of said block copolymer.
- 12. A composition according to claim 11, wherein said block copolymer derived from at least one lactone monomer is polycaprolactone and wherein the amount thereof comprises from about 10 wt. % to about 70 wt. % of the total weight of said block copolymer, and wherein the number average molecular weight (Mn) of each said block, independently, is from about 5,000 to about 150,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography.
- 13. A composition according to claim 2, wherein the amount of polymerized ε-caprolactone comprises from about 20 wt. % to about 65 wt. % of the total weight of said block copolymer, and wherein said lactam block is derived from ω-lauryl lactam and from ε-caprolactam monomers.
- 14. A composition according to claim 13, wherein said block copolymer comprises a di-block copolymer.
- 15. A composition according to claim 13, wherein said block copolymer comprises a tri-block copolymer.
- 16. A compatibilized polymer blend according to claim 1, including an impact modifier, wherein said impact modifier is an unsaturated anhydride modified flexible polymer.
- 17. A compatiblized polymer blend according to claim 3, including an unsaturated anhydride modified polymeric impact modifier, wherein said unsaturated anhydride contains from 4 to 15 carbon atoms, wherein said polymer is EPDM, or EPM, and wherein the amount of said anhydride is from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight based upon the total weight of said impact modifier.
- 18. A compatiblized polymer blend according to claim 5, including a maleic anhydride modified polymeric impact modifier, wherein said polymer is EPDM, wherein the amount of said maleic anhydride is from about 0.5 to about 3% by weight based upon the total weight of said impact modifier, and wherein the amount of said impact modifier is from about 5 to about 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said chlorine containing polymer, said carbonyl containing polymer, and said block copolymer compatiblizing agent.
- 19. A compatiblized polymer blend according to claim 1, including a thermal performance modifier, wherein said thermal performance modifier is an unsaturated anhydride modified polyolefin or an anhydride modified polymer derived from vinyl substituted aromatic monomers, wherein said unsaturated anhydride contains from about 4 to about 15 carbon atoms, wherein said polyolefin is derived from olefin monomers having 2 to about 6 carbon atoms, wherein said vinyl substituted aromatic monomers have from about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms, and wherein the amount of said thermal performance modifier is from about 5 to about 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said said chlorine containing polymer, said carbonyl containing polymer, and said block copolymer compatiblizing agent.
- 20. A compatiblized polymer blend according to claim 3, including a thermal performance modifier, wherein said thermal performance modifier is an unsaturated anhydride modified polyolefin or an anhydride modified polymer derived from vinyl substituted aromatic monomers, wherein said unsaturated anhydride contains from about 4 to about 15 carbon atoms, wherein said polyolefin is derived from olefin monomers having 2 to about 6 carbon atoms, wherein said vinyl substituted aromatic monomers have from about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms, and wherein the amount of said thermal performance modifier is from about 5 to about 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said chlorine containing polymer, said carbonyl containing polymer, and said block copolymer compatiblizing agent.
- 21. A compatiblized polymer blend according to claim 5, including a thermal performance modifier, wherein said thermal performance modifier is an unsaturated anhydride modified polyolefin or an anhydride modified polymer derived from vinyl substituted aromatic monomers, wherein said unsaturated anhydride is maleic anhydride, wherein said polyolefin is polyethylene, polypropylene, or combinations thereof, and wherein said polymer derived from vinyl substituted aromatic monomers is polystyrene.
CROSS REFERENCE
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 09/832,228, filed Apr. 10, 2001 for BLOCK COPOLYMERS OF LACTONE AND LACTAM, COMPATIBILIZING AGENTS, AND COMPATIBILIZED POLYMER BLENDS.
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09832228 |
Apr 2001 |
US |
Child |
10108801 |
Mar 2002 |
US |