Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to structures constructed from blow-molded plastic and, in particular, to blow-molded plastic structures that may have a decreased height or thickness.
Description of Related Art
It is known to construct various objects and items, and parts and components of various objects and items, from plastic. For example, tables, chairs, partitions, walls, and sports equipment may be at least partially constructed from plastic. It is also known to construct these and other items from blow-molded plastic. As known to those skilled in the art, blow-molded plastic structures include an outer wall that encloses a hollow interior space. During the blow-molding process, air or gas is injected into the hollow interior space and the gas helps mold the plastic into the desired shape by facilitating engagement of the plastic with the faces of the mold. The gas also keeps opposing surfaces separated during the molding process so that the blow-molded plastic structure can be correctly formed. If opposing surfaces unintentionally touch during the blow-molding process, the surfaces may stick together and that may result in failure. Thus, gas is injected into the hollow interior space so that the plastic takes the shape of the mold and correctly forms the blow-molded plastic structure. Because blow-molded structures include a hollow interior space, many blow-molded structures are not high-strength. In fact, many known blow-molded structures are relatively low-strength and are unable to support a significant amount of weight or force.
In order to increase the strength of conventional blow-molded plastic structures, such as blow-molded plastic table tops, it is known to include strengthening ribs or beams that are integrally formed in the underside of the table top. For example, strengthening ribs may be located in a center portion of the table top and the ribs may be intended to help prevent sagging of the center portion of the table top. The strengthening ribs are typically large, elongated portions that have the general shape of a beam and extend along the length or width of the table top. The strengthening ribs may increase the overall strength or structural integrity of the table top, but the ribs require the blow-molded plastic structure to be constructed with thicker outer walls so that the large, elongated ribs are properly formed. The strengthening ribs also require thicker outer walls so that the ribs do not undesirably sag or deform during the manufacturing process. Disadvantageously, the thicker outer walls require additional plastic materials to be used, which increases cost and weight. In addition, the thicker outer walls retain more heat during the manufacturing process. Thus, a longer cooling time is required during the manufacturing process in order to allow the thicker outer walls to cool. This undesirably increases the length of the manufacturing process because the blow-molded plastic structures cannot be removed from the mold until the tops are sufficiently cooled.
Conventional blow-molded plastic table tops may include several large strengthening ribs to strengthen various portions of the table top. For example, strengthening ribs may be placed near opposing ends of the table top in order to increase the strength in those areas. Additionally, strengthening ribs may be placed near the center of the table top to help prevent the table top from undesirably bending and to allow the table top to support additional weight. These strengthening ribs often protrude downwardly from the underside of the table top and may have large profiles to create relatively strong supporting structures. Disadvantageously, the large, protruding ribs may decrease the amount of room underneath the table top and may limit potential design considerations for the table top.
In order to increase the strength of conventional table tops, it is known to increase the number of strengthening ribs. The additional ribs may require more plastic materials to form the ribs, thicker outer walls of the table top, and a larger area on the underside of the table top. The added strengthening ribs may also interfere with other desired features or components of the table, such as allowing the legs of the table to be folded into a collapsed position. The extra strengthening ribs may also prevent the table top from being used in connection with a fold-in-half table.
While the strengthening ribs may prevent large portions of the table top from sagging, the ribs may allow smaller, localized portions of the table top to sag. In particular, because the distance between the table top and the bottom portion of the rib may be greater than the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the table top, localized portions of the table top may sag. Additionally, the strengthening ribs may support localized portions of the table top differently and those portions of the table top may have different characteristics than other portions of the table top. Thus, different portions of the table top may support different amounts of weight or force before deflecting or bending. In addition, the upper surface of the table top may be uneven because different portions of the table top may be supported differently.
A need therefore exists for structures constructed from blow-molded plastic that eliminate the above-described disadvantages and problems.
One aspect is large, thin structures that may be constructed from blow-molded plastic. The large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may have a first or upper surface, a second or lower surface, and a hollow interior portion that is at least partially disposed between the first and second surfaces. Advantageously, as described below, the first and second surfaces may be separated by a distance that allows a much thinner or reduced height blow-molded plastic structure to be constructed than previously thought possible by those skilled in the art.
Another aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may have a generally planar configuration. These large, thin, generally planar structures constructed from blow-molded plastic may be used to construct a wide variety of structures such as table tops, basketball backboards, walls, floors, roofs, and the like. These structures may include at least one surface that is generally disposed in a plane such as an upper surface of a table top, front surface of a basketball backboard, an interior and/or exterior surface of a wall, etc. After reviewing this disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of structures may be constructed from blow-molded plastic that is thinner or has a decreased height compared to previously known blow-molded plastic structures.
Still another aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may have opposing surfaces separated by a distance and the distance may be generally constant. The opposing surfaces may be generally planar, curved, bent, rounded, or have other desired shapes and configurations. For instance, the opposing surfaces may be separated by a generally constant distance and the panel may have a curvilinear configuration. The opposing surfaces, however, do not have to be separated by a generally constant distance and the blow-molded plastic structures may include one or more outwardly extending projections, protuberances, and the like. For example, the blow-molded plastic structure may be a table top and a center portion of the table top may have a large, thin, generally planar configuration and an outer portion or perimeter of the table top may include a downwardly extending lip. The blow-molded plastic structures may also one or more inwardly extending portions such as grooves, channels, depressions, and the like. While structures such as table tops and panels may have generally rectangular configurations, it will be appreciated that table tops, panels, and other structures could have other suitable shapes, sizes, arrangements, and configurations such as circular, square, and the like.
Still yet another aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may have a nominal thickness equal to or significantly less than one-half inch. It was previously thought by those skilled in the art that the minimum thickness had to be significantly larger than one-half inch such as three-quarters of an inch or more. It is a surprising and unexpected result that large, thin blow-molded plastic structures can be constructed with a nominal thickness generally equal to or significantly less than one-half inch because it was previously believed that a thickness significantly more than one-half inch was required. A thickness that is considerably less than one-half inch may be reduced in size by at least ten percent (10%), at least twenty percent (20%), at least thirty percent (30%), at least forty percent (40%), at least fifty percent (50%), at least sixty (60%), at least seventy percent (70%), or more. A structure may be considered to be a large blow-molded plastic structure if it has an area of at least one, two, four, six, eight, ten, or more square feet. While large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may be described as having a thickness (e.g., a distance between two surfaces) that is generally equal to or significantly less than one-half inch, it will be appreciated that large, thin blow-molded plastic structures could also be described as having a height generally equal to or significantly less than one-half inch (e.g., a distance between upper and lower surfaces).
Yet another aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may include at least one large area (e.g., an area of at least one, two, four, six, eight, ten, or more square feet) with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch. For example, at least a portion of the large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may include an area that is at least one square foot and a nominal thickness that is generally equal to or less than one-half inch. In addition, one or more surfaces of the large, thin blow-molded plastic structure may have a generally planar configuration. A table top, for instance, could be a large, thin, generally planar blow-molded plastic structure because a center portion of the table top may have an area at least two, four, six or more square feet, a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch, and a generally planar configuration. The table top may also include a downwardly extending lip and other inwardly or outwardly extending structures, which may not be part of the nominal thickness of the table top.
A further aspect is large, thin, generally planar blow-molded plastic structures may include an outer wall, which may have an outer wall thickness, and an interior space, which may be hollow. For example, large, thin, generally planar blow-molded plastic structures may include a first surface, an opposing second surface, and a hollow interior portion that is at least partially disposed between the first and second surfaces. The first surface, second surface, and hollow interior portion may be integrally formed during the blow-molding process as part of a unitary, one-piece structure. The first surface may be generally planar, flat, even and/or smooth, and the first surface may be an upper or working surface of a table top, a front surface of a basketball backboard, an outer or inner surface of a wall (such as a sidewall), an outer or inner surface of a floor or roof panel, and the like. The second surface may also be generally planar, flat, even and/or smooth, and/or the second surface may include one or more grooves, channels, ridges, and the like. It will be appreciated that the first and/or second surfaces may be generally smooth, flat, even, and/or planar surfaces; and/or the first and/or second surfaces may include one or more inwardly and/or outwardly extending portions such as grooves, channels, ridges, projections, protrusions, and the like. The first and second surfaces may be separated or spaced apart by a gap, space, or distance. The distance separating the first and second surfaces, which may be referred to as the thickness or height, may be generally constant or may vary depending, for example, upon the intended use of the structure.
Another further aspect is one or more depressions or “tack-offs” may be formed in the blow-molded plastic structure. For example, one or more depressions may be disposed in the second surface of the blow-molded plastic structure. In particular, a plurality of depressions may be disposed in the second surface of the blow-molded plastic structure. The plurality of depressions may include two or more depressions that are disposed in a pattern or array. The pattern, for instance, may include depressions disposed in a regular and/or repeating configuration. At least some of the depressions may have a generally uniform or consistent size, shape, configuration and/or arrangement. For instance, the pattern of depressions may include depressions with a generally uniform or consistent size, shape, configuration and/or arrangement. The depressions may cover a portion, majority, substantially all, or an entire portion, surface or area of the blow-molded plastic structure. For example, at least some of the depressions in the plurality of depressions may be disposed in a pattern and the depressions may have a generally uniform or consistent size, shape, configuration and/or arrangement, and the depressions may cover at least a portion, majority, substantially all, or an entire portion, surface or area of the blow-molded plastic structure. In an exemplary configuration, the depressions may cover at least substantially the entire surface of the blow-molded plastic structure, such as the lower surface of a table top, rear surface of a basketball backboard, or inner surface of a panel. The depressions may be sized and configured to provide at least a portion of the blow-molded plastic structure with generally uniform or similar properties and characteristics. For example, if the blow-molded plastic structure is a table top, the depressions may be sized and configured so that the upper surface of the table has generally uniform or similar properties and characteristics. In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of depressions may be disposed in the lower surface of a table top and the depressions may help support the upper surface so that the upper portion of the table top has generally uniform or similar properties and characteristics such as smoothness, evenness, uniformity, strength, stiffness, rigidity, and the like.
As discussed above, the hollow interior portion of a blow-molded plastic structure may be filled with a gas, such as air, during the blow-molding process. For example, gas may be injected or inserted into the hollow interior portion during the blow-molding process and gas may flow within the hollow interior portion during the blow-molding process. The gas may keep one or more surfaces, such as first and second opposing surfaces, separated by a minimum distance during the molding process because unintended contact of the surfaces may result in failure. The gas may also position the plastic materials within the mold, and facilitate or enable the plastic materials to take the shape of the mold during the blow-molding process. Those skilled in the art recognize that proper gas flow and pressure during the blow-molding process is required. For example, if gas does not correctly or completely flow into all desired areas of the hollow interior portion during the blow-molding process or if the correct amount or pressure of gas is not properly obtained within all desired areas of the hollow interior portion during the blow-molding process, the blow-molded structure may not be correctly formed and failure may result. Therefore, failure may result if (1) gas does not properly flow during the blow-molding process; (2) the correct pressure is not obtained; and (3) a minimum distance between surfaces is not maintained. One skilled in the art previously thought, among other reasons, that large, thin blow-molded plastic structures could not be conventionally constructed with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch because it was not possible to obtain the required gas flow and pressure while maintaining the required distance separating opposing surfaces.
In contrast to previously known blow-molded plastic structures and processes, large, thin blow-molded plastic structures can be constructed with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch. Advantageously, sufficient gas flow, gas pressure, and minimum separation distance between surfaces can be maintained during the blow-molding process to allow large, thin blow-molded structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than on-half inch to be constructed. In greater detail, one skilled in the art previously thought that large blow-molded plastic structures required opposing surfaces to be separated by significantly more than one-half inch to provide sufficient gas flow and pressure during the blow-molding process. That is, the previous lower limit for separating opposing surfaces of large blow-molded plastic structures was significantly more than one-half inch because a gap of at least that size was required, among other reasons, to allow the gas to properly flow during the blow-molding process. If opposing surfaces of a large blow-molded plastic structure were separated by one-half inch or less, it was previously thought that the gas would not flow throughout the entire hollow interior portion during the blow-molding process and/or the gas would not have sufficient pressure. In addition, if the distance between two large, opposing walls was generally equal to or less than one-half inch, it was previously thought the opposing walls would not remain separated during the blow-molding process. In particular, it was previously thought the walls would touch and the walls would at least partially or completely mesh or mash together, which would result in failure. Additionally, it was previously thought that if the opposing walls were generally equal to or less than one-half inch apart, depressions could not be formed in the walls. For instance, it was previously thought that depressions could not be formed in walls that were spaced generally equal to or less than one-half inch apart because undesired webbing or improper formation of the depressions would occur. The webbing, improper formation of the depressions, and other irregularities would create holes, voids or discontinuities in the structure, which were thought to prevent depressions from being created in surfaces separated by one-half inch or less. Thus, for these and other reasons, it was previously thought that opposing surfaces had to be separated by significantly more than one-half inch not only to allow depressions to be formed but also to allow the large blow-molded plastic structure to be created.
Yet another further aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may be constructed with closely spaced depressions and less plastic materials may be required to construct the structure. For example, opposing walls of large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may be spaced apart by one-half inch or considerably less than one-half inch and a plurality of closely spaced depressions in one surface may provide significant support for the opposing surface. The added support provided by the closely spaced depressions may allow the structure to be constructed with a thinner outer wall thickness. The thinner outer wall thickness may allow less plastic materials to be used even though considerably more depressions are formed in the structure. Advantageously, because the opposing surfaces are separated by a smaller distance than previously thought possible, the depressions may have a shorter height and that may facilitate the structure being constructed with a thinner wall thickness and/or less plastic materials.
Still yet another further aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may be constructed with opposing walls separated by one-half inch or significantly less than one-half (0.5) inch. For example, large, thin, generally planar structures may be constructed with opposing walls separated by about 0.30 inches, about 0.25 inches, about 0.20 inches, about 0.15 inches, or about 0.10 inches. Thus, the nominal thickness may be reduced by about forty percent (40%), about fifty percent (50%), about sixty percent (60%), about seventy percent (70%), about eighty percent (80%), or more than the current minimum thickness which is more than 0.50 inches.
Another aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may have increased strength and be lightweight. The increased strength may be provided by the plurality of closely spaced depressions and the reduced weight may be provided by the decrease in outer wall thickness. For example, the nominal thickness of the outer wall may be reduced to about 0.05 inches, about 0.045 inches, about 0.04 inches, about 0.035 inches, about 0.03 inches, or less. For example, the nominal wall thickness of blow-molded plastic table tops is currently about 0.067 inches and the nominal wall thickness may be reduced by about twenty-five percent (25%), about thirty-three percent (33%), forty percent (40%), forty-eight (48%), about fifty-five percent (55%), or more. Significantly, the decreased nominal wall thickness may allow the blow-molded plastic structure to be lighter weight and/or be constructed with less plastic materials.
Yet another aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch and a decreased outer wall thickness may be used to create a wide variety of items and objects such table tops, chair seats, chair backs, basketball backboards, walls, storage bins, sports equipment and the like. One or more surfaces may be at least substantially planar, such as the upper surface of a tabletop or the front surface of a basketball backboard. One or more surfaces may include a plurality of depressions, such as the lower surface of a tabletop or the rear surface of a basketball backboard.
Still another aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch may include a plurality of closely spaced depressions. In particular, the distance between adjacent depressions in the plurality of depressions may be substantially decreased because the distance between opposing surfaces may be substantially decreased. It was a surprising and unexpected result that a plurality of closely spaced depressions could be formed in large, thin, generally planar blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch because it was previously thought closely spaced depressions could be not formed using a blow-molding process if the distance between adjacent depressions was too small. For instance, as discussed above, it was previously thought that webbing, discontinuities and/or other irregularities would be formed between the closely spaced depressions. It was also previously thought that the plastic materials would not stretch or properly form the depressions without creating holes or voids, which may allow gas to unintentionally escape during the blow-molding process (which may be referred to as a “blow-out”) and this would result in failure. Contrary to conventional thought, a plurality of closely spaced depressions may be formed in opposing surfaces of large, thin blow-molded plastic structures that are separated by a distance generally equal to or less than one-half inch.
Advantageously, the plurality of closely spaced depressions in large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch may allow the thickness of the outer wall of the blow-molded plastic structure to be decreased. The decrease in outer wall thickness may allow structures to be constructed from considerably less plastic materials. The reduced amount of plastic materials may save resources and reduce costs. The decrease in outer wall thickness may also allow these structures to cool more quickly, removed sooner from the mold, and/or decrease manufacturing or cycle time. In addition, because the closely spaced depressions may provide additional support for opposing surfaces, this may allow these structures to be removed from the mold at higher temperatures. This may also reduce manufacturing or cycle time, which may further increase output and/or efficiency.
A further aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch may have closely spaced depressions that are generally uniform, consistent, and/or standardized in size, shape, configuration, arrangement, and/or spacing. A generally consistent arrangement or pattern of depressions may help create a structure with generally uniform characteristics and/or properties. For example, a generally constant pattern of depressions may create a structure with generally uniform strength and structural integrity.
Another further aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a Nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch may have a low profile, which may allow the thickness or height of a structure to be minimized. For example, the height of a table may be decreased if the table top has a low profile and that may allow the table to be more efficiently shipped and/or stored. In particular, additional tables may be disposed in a storage container and less space may be required to store the tables if the table top has a lower profile.
Still another further aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch may be used to create a table in which the frame is disposed closer to an upper surface of the table top. For instance, a blow-molded plastic table top may have a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch and an upper portion of the frame may be disposed closer to an upper surface of the table top because of the decreased thickness of the table top. In an exemplary configuration, the table top may have one or more areas of reduced thickness and the frame may be connected to one or more portions of the table top with reduced thickness. If the frame is connected to an area of reduced thickness and the table top has a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch, the height of the table may be reduced and/or the upper portion of the frame may be disposed closer to the upper surface of the table top. The areas of the table top with reduced thickness may have a height of about 0.20 inches, about 0.15 inches, about 0.10 inches, or less. The areas of reduced thickness may include one or more depressions, if desired. The areas of reduced thickness may include one or more compression portions, such as a compression edge or lip. Thus, for example, the frame may be connected to portions of the table top with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch, areas of reduced thickness, and/or compression portions such as a compression edge or lip. The table top may also include one or more compression molded portions, such as a lip, and the lip may be disposed about at least a portion of a perimeter of the table top.
Still yet another further aspect is large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch may include portions that are sized and configured to receive one or more fasteners. The fasteners, for example, may be used to connect a blow-molded plastic table top and frame. In greater detail, the table top may include one or more fastener receiving portions that are sized and configured to receive a fastener. The fastener receiving portions may facilitate attachment of the fastener and the table top. It will be appreciated that the fastener receiving portion may be disposed in a portion of the table top with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than on-half inch, a portion of the table top with a reduced thickness, and/or a portion of the table top with a compression portion such as a compression edge or lip. The fastener receiving portion may allow, for instance, a fastener to be connected to any desired portion of the table top and may allow the frame to be connected to any desired portion of the table top.
Advantageously, large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch and closely spaced depressions may be constructed and these structures may not include significant sags, ripples, or uneven surfaces. In particular, blow-molded plastic structures may include one or more areas with the following: (i) areas at least one square foot in size; (ii) opposing surfaces that are separated by a nominal distance generally equal to or considerably less than one-half inch; and (iii) a plurality of closely spaced depressions. These and other features may also create structures with areas that have generally uniform properties and characteristics, such as strength, structural integrity, rigidity, firmness, resistance to bending, and the like.
These and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and appended claims.
The appended drawings contain figures of preferred embodiments to further illustrate and clarify the above and other aspects, advantages and features of the present invention. It will be appreciated that these drawings depict only preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:
The present invention is generally directed towards large, thin blow-molded plastic structures. The large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may have areas with a size of at least one square foot, a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch, at least one surface with a generally planar configuration, and/or one or more depressions formed in or one more surfaces. For convenience and readability, such structures may be referred to as panels but the principles of the present invention are not limited to panels. It will be understood that, in light of the present disclosure, such large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may have a variety of shapes, sizes, configurations, and arrangements. Exemplary embodiments of structures that may be made in accordance with the present disclosure may include table tops, chair seats, chair backs, basketball backboards, wall panels, roof panels, floor panels, storage bins, sports equipment, and the like
Additionally, to assist in the description of exemplary embodiments, words such as top, bottom, front, rear, right and left may be used. It will be appreciated that the exemplary embodiments can be disposed in other positions, used in a variety of situations, and may perform one or more functions. In addition, the drawings, which may be to scale, illustrate various shapes, sizes, configurations, arrangements, aspects and features of the exemplary embodiments. It will be appreciated that structures made in accordance with the present disclosure may have other suitable shapes, sizes, configurations, arrangements, aspects, and features. A detailed description of exemplary embodiments of now follows.
As shown in the accompany figures, a table 10 is an exemplary embodiment of a structure that may include a large, thin-blow molded plastic structure. In particular, the table 10 may include a table top 12 and the table top may be a large, thin blow-molded plastic structure with a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch. While the tables 10 and the table tops 12 shown in the accompanying figures are exemplary embodiments of large, thin blow-molded plastic structures that may have a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate after reviewing this disclosure that other blow-molded plastic structures may have one or more such features.
As shown in the accompanying figures, the exemplary table 10 may include a table top 12 with a first side 14, a second side 16, a first end 18, a second end 20, an upper or working surface 22, and a lower or mounting surface 24. A hollow interior portion 26 may be disposed between the upper and lower surfaces 22, 24. The upper surface 22, the lower surface 24, and the hollow interior portion 26 may be integrally formed during the blow-molding process as part of a unitary, one-piece structure. One or more other features, which may be described below, may also be integrally formed with the upper surface 22, the lower surface 24, and/or the hollow interior portion 26 during the blow-molding process as part of a unitary, one-piece structure.
As shown in
The table 10 may include a frame 30 and the frame may include a first side rail 32 and a second side rail 34. The first side rail 32 may be disposed at least proximate and substantially parallel to the first side 14 of the table top 12 and the second side rail 34 may be disposed at least proximate and substantially parallel to the second side 16 of the table top. The side rails 32, 34 may extend generally along the length of the table top 12. The length and configuration of the side rails 32, 34 may depend, for example, upon the length and configuration of the table top 12. The side rails 32, 34 may include one or more components depending, for example, if the table 10 is a fold-in-half table. The frame 30 may also include a first end rail 36 that is disposed along the first end 18 of the table top 12 and a second end rail 38 that is disposed along the second end 20 of the table top. The frame 30 may also include one or more corners and the corners may separate components or part of the side rails 32, 34 and/or end rails 36, 38. The corners of the frame 30 may be generally aligned with corresponding corners of the table top 12. In addition, the frame 30 may be generally aligned with the lip 28. For example, an outer surface of the frame 30 may be generally aligned with and directly adjacent or contacting an inner surface of the lip 28. The frame 30 may be sized and configured to support the outer edges or perimeter of the table top 12. One or more portions of the frame 30, however, could be spaced inwardly from the outer perimeter of the table top 12. The frame 30 may also be sized and configured to help prevent bowing, twisting, or deformation of table top 12. It will be appreciated that the frame 30 could have a variety of shapes, sizes, configurations, and/or arrangements depending, for example, upon the size and configuration of the table 10 or table top 12. It will also be appreciated that the frame 30, side rails 32, 34, and/or end rails 36, 38 may not be required.
The frame 30 may be attached to the table top 12 by one or more fasteners, such as screws, bolts, rivets and the like. For example, the table top 12 may include one or more attachment portions that are sized and configured to facilitate attachment of the frame 30 and the table top. The table top 12 may also include one or more frame receiving portions that are sized and configured to receive a portion of the frame 30. Additionally, the table top 12 may be sized and configured to allow an upper portion of the frame 30 to be disposed proximate the upper surface 22 of the table top 12. Further, the table top 12 and/or the frame 30 may be sized and configured to minimize the overall height of the table top and the frame, which may allow a table 10 with a thinner configuration to be constructed.
In greater detail, the table top 12 may include one or more fastener receiving portions 40 that are sized and configured to receive at least a portion of a fastener. The fastener receiving portions 40 may include one or ribs, engaging portions, and the like that are sized and configured to help provide secure engagement of the fastener and the fastener receiving portion. Advantageously, the fastener receiving portions 40, which may be integrally formed with the table top 12 as part of a unitary, one-piece structure, may allow secure attachment of the frame 30 to the table top 12 because the table top 12 may have such a small thickness, height, or thin configuration that fasteners would not be able to be securely attached directly to the table top.
The fastener receiving portions 40 may allow the frame 30 and the table top 12 to be directly connected. For example, in one exemplary embodiment, a fastener could connect the frame 30 and the fastener receiving portion 40 to securely connect the frame and the table top 12. In another exemplary embodiment, a fastener could connect the lip 28, the frame 30, and the fastener receiving portion 40. In yet another exemplary embodiment, a fastener could connect a compression molded portion of the table top 12, the frame 30, and the fastener receiving portion 40. One skill in the art will understand, after reviewing this disclosure, that other suitable means or methods for connecting the frame 30 and/or the table top 12 may be employed, including, but not limited to, mechanical connectors, glues, epoxies, bonding materials, and the like.
As shown in
One or more support braces 46, 48, such as shown in
The table top 12 may include at least one thin profile section 60 that has a large size and a nominal thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch. The thin profile section 60 may have a generally planar upper surface 22 (which may be a substantially smooth, flat, and/or even surface) and a generally planar lower surface 24 (which may be a surface disposed in generally the same plane and, in an exemplary embodiment, include a plurality of depressions). Any suitable portion of the table top 12 could include the thin profile section 60, such as a center portion of the table top, and the thin profile section 60 may form a minority, majority, substantially all, or the entire table top 12. One skill in the art will appreciate, after reviewing this disclosure, that the thin profile section 60 may form any desired portion or portions of the table top 12.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in
A blow-molded plastic structure with a thin profile section 60, whether part of the table top 12 or other structure, may be referred to as a panel for convenience. The panel 60 may have a nominal panel thickness PT, which may be the mean or average thickness of the panel. For example, the nominal panel thickness PT may be the mean or average distance between the upper and lower surfaces 22, 24 of the table top 12. While the panel 60 may have localized areas that are larger or smaller, the nominal panel thickness PT is preferably generally equal to or less than one-half inch. More preferably, the nominal panel thickness PT is significantly less than one-half inch, such as between about 0.40 inches and about 0.10 inches. For example, the nominal panel thickness PT may be about 0.35 inches, about 0.30 inches, about 0.25 inches, about 0.20 inches, about 0.15 inches, or about 0.10 inches. Therefore, after reviewing this disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the nominal panel thickness PT for large, thin blow-molded plastic structures may be generally equal to or significantly or considerably less than one-half inch.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that the panel 60 may include other features, structures, and portions. For example, the panel 60 may include one or more portions 62 where an injector or needle is inserted into the plastic materials during the blow-molding process. The panel 60 may also include one or more portions 64 which facilitate removal of the panel from the mold during the blow-molding process. The portions 64, for instance, may facilitate ejection of the blow-molded plastic structure from the mold when the blow-molding process is completed. The panel 60 may also include other structures such as the fastener receiving portions 40 and structures that facilitate attachment of the frame 30 and/or the leg assemblies 42, 44 to the table top 12. These types of structures are typically not included or considered when determining the nominal panel thickness PT.
The panel 60 may also have a nominal wall thickness WT, which may be the mean or average measurement of the thickness of the outer wall of the blow-molded plastic structure. For example, the nominal wall thickness WT may be the mean or average thickness of the upper surface 22 and/or the lower surface 24 of the table top 12. It will be appreciated that the nominal wall thickness WT may include localized areas that are larger or smaller. For example, the lower surface 22 may include localized areas of decreased wall thickness WT where the plastic is stretched or deformed to form depressions (which are described in more detail below). The nominal wall thickness WT, however, may not include portions of the table top 12 such as the fastener receiving portions 40, portions 62 and/or portions 64. The nominal wall thickness WT for the blow-molded plastic table top 12 may be less than or generally equal to about 0.05 inches. In particular, the nominal wall thickness WT for the table top 12 may be between about 0.05 inches and about 0.03 inches. For example, the nominal wall thickness WT may be about 0.045 inches, about 0.04 inches, or about 0.035 inches.
As shown in the accompanying figures, the lower surface 24 of the table top 12 may include a plurality of depressions 70. The depressions 70 may be closely spaced and a distance between adjacent depressions may be measured from an edge of one depression to an edge of the adjacent depression. The nominal distance D between adjacent depressions may be mean or average edge-to-edge distance between adjacent depressions. As shown in the accompanying figures, the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions may be generally uniform or consistent. The nominal distance D between adjacent depressions, however, can vary or change. The nominal distance D between adjacent depressions may be measured along an axis aligned with a center of a plurality of generally aligned depressions. For example, the nominal distance D may be measured between adjacent depressions aligned along a length or width of the table top 12. The nominal distance D may also be measured between adjacent depressions aligned at an angle, such as a diagonal, relative to a side and/or end of the table top 12. Alternatively, the nominal distance D could be the distance to the closest adjacent depression.
In greater detail, the lower surface 24 of table top 12 may include a plurality of depressions 70 and the depressions may be sized and configured to increase the strength and/or structural integrity of the table top. The ends of the depressions 70 may contact or engage the upper surface 22 of the table top 12 and/or the ends of the depressions may be spaced from the upper surface of the table top by a distance. As shown in the accompanying figures, the depressions 70 may cover a majority, substantially all, or the entire lower surface 24 of the table top 12. After reviewing this disclosure, it will be appreciated that the depressions 70 may be disposed in and/or cover any desired portion of the table top 12.
The depressions 70 may be arranged into a predetermined pattern or array, and the pattern may repeat any suitable number of times. The pattern may include one or more depressions 70 disposed in a uniform or consistent arrangement. The depressions 70 disposed in the pattern may be sized and configured to increase the strength and/or structural integrity of the table top 12. The depressions 70 may also be arranged to help create a table top 12 with generally uniform properties and characteristics. For example, closely spacing the depressions 70 over substantially the entire lower surface 24 may allow the table top 12 to have increased strength and generally uniform properties and characteristics.
The depressions 70 may be disposed in a pattern or array that minimizes the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions. Advantageously, minimizing the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions may minimize the unsupported areas of the opposing surface. Minimizing the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions may also increase the structural integrity and strength of the blow-molded plastic structure. In addition, minimizing the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions may increase the smoothness, evenness, and/or flatness of the opposing surface. For instance, the accompanying figures illustrate several exemplary configurations and arrangements of closely spaced depressions 70 and are separated by the nominal distance D. For instance, the lower surface 24 of the table top 12 may include a plurality of closely spaced depressions 70 that are separated by the nominal distance D and that may help create an upper surface 22 with increased smoothness, evenness, and/or flatness.
Advantageously, the smaller nominal distance D between adjacent depressions 70 may increase the structural integrity and strength of the blow-molded plastic structure, which may allow the nominal wall thickness WT of the blow-molded plastic structure to be decreased. Accordingly, less plastic materials may be used to construct blow-molded plastic structures because of the reduced nominal wall thickness WT and that may reduce costs. In addition, the decreased nominal wall thickness WT may allow the blow-molded plastic structures to cool more quickly during the manufacturing process because it may dissipate heat more rapidly. The blow-molded plastic structures may also be removed from the mold more quickly and/or at a higher temperature because, for example, of the increased strength and/or structural integrity. These and other factors may significantly decrease the time required to construct blow-molded plastic structures and it may increase manufacturing efficiency by, for example, decreasing manufacturing cycle time.
As discussed above, one skilled in the art previously thought large (i.e., an area of at least one, two, three, four, five or more square feet) blow-molded plastic structures required opposing surfaces to be spaced apart by significantly more than one-half inch. Large, thin blow-molded plastic structures, however, can be constructed with opposing surfaces spaced apart by one-half inch or less. In addition to the opposing surfaces being separated by one-half inch or less, a plurality of closely spaced depressions 70 can be formed. Significantly, this may allow the nominal wall thickness WT of the large, thin blow-molded plastic to be decreased.
In greater detail, decreasing the distance between the opposing surfaces to one-half inch or less, increasing the number of depressions 70, and decreasing the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions provides the surprising and unexpected result that large, thin blow-molded plastic structures can be constructed. Specifically, it was previously thought that the distance between opposing surfaces had to be significantly more than one-half inch when constructing large blow-molded plastic structures. Decreasing the distance between opposing surfaces to one-half inch or significantly less than one-half inch, however, allows the nominal wall thickness WT to be decreased and allows the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions to be decreased. Additionally, large, thin blow-molded plastic structures with a thickness of less than one-half inch may have considerable stiffness, rigidity and structural integrity, despite the fact that these surfaces are separated by a distance that is considerably less than one-half inch.
The relationship between the nominal wall thickness WT, nominal panel thickness PT, and nominal edge-to-edge distance between adjacent depressions D for large, thin blow-molded plastic structures is shown in the following equation:
WT·PT·D≦0.030
For example, if the nominal wall thickness WT is about 0.04 inches, the nominal panel thickness PT is about 0.5 inches, and the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions is about 0.7 inches, the result is 0.014, which is less than 0.030. In an exemplary embodiment, as the nominal wall thickness WT decreases, the nominal distance D between adjacent depressions may decrease.
Advantageously, a significant reduction in weight may occur for structures that satisfy the above equation. For example, a known table top with a 0.05 inch WT, a 0.7 inch PT, and a 1.0 inch D may have a weight of about 5 pounds. This known table top does not satisfy the above equation because (0.05)(0.7)(1.0)=0.035. An embodiment of a table top with a similar size that satisfies the above equation, however, may have a significant reduction in weight. For instance, an exemplary embodiment of a table top may have a nominal wall thickness WT of about 0.04 inch, a nominal panel thickness PT of about 0.5 inch, and a nominal distance D between adjacent depressions of about 0.7 inch. This exemplary table top satisfies the above equation because (0.04)(0.5)(0.7)=0.014 and has a weight of about 3 pounds, which is significant reduction from the known table top that has a weight of about 5 pounds. Thus, a forty percent (40%) weight reduction may be achieved if the above equation is satisfied in comparison to conventional table tops of the same size. In addition, table tops that satisfy the above equation may reduce manufacturing cycle time by about ten percent (10%) or more because, among other reasons, less plastic materials may be used and heat may be dissipated more rapidly. Further, table tops that satisfy this equation may have a thinner profile because the height of the table top may be decreased.
Advantageously, structures that satisfy this equation and have closely spaced depressions 70 arranged into a predetermined pattern may create high-strength, lightweight structures with generally uniform properties and/or characteristics. In addition, if the depressions 70 are arranged into a pattern with generally constant and uniform spacing, even if other features, objects or items are formed in the structure, the structure may have generally uniform properties and/or characteristics. If desired, one or more depressions 70 may be formed in the other features, objects or items to maintain a generally uniform and consistent pattern. Thus, the depressions 70 may be spaced so that the distance between adjacent depressions is minimized, at least substantially the entire surface is covered with depressions, and the depressions may be disposed in a generally uniform and consistent pattern even if other features, objects or items are formed in the blow-molded plastic structure.
In order to obtain a generally uniform and consistent pattern of depressions 70, it may be desired to eliminate or minimize other features, objects or items formed in the blow-molded structure. If desired, the generally uniform and consistent pattern of depressions 70 may be disposed in, about, and/or around these features, objects and items.
The depressions 70 may be sized and configured to allow the depressions to be closely spaced. For example, one or more sidewalls 72 of the depressions 70 may be disposed at a relatively steep angle to allow the depressions to be closely spaced. In an exemplary embodiment, the sidewalls 72 of the depressions 70 may be disposed at an angle between about sixty degrees (60°) and about eight-five degrees (85°) relative to the lower surface 24 of the table top 12. The sidewalls 72 may also be positioned at an angle of about seventy-five degrees (75°) or more with respect to the lower surface 24 of the table top 12. It will be appreciated that the sidewalls 72 may be positioned at any desired angle relative to the lower surface 24 of the table top 12 depending, for example, upon the size and configuration of the depressions 70.
The table top 12 illustrates the depressions 70 may be disposed in one or more exemplary patterns. For example, as shown in the accompanying figures, the depressions 70 may be disposed in a first pattern 74, a second pattern 76, a third pattern 78, and a fourth pattern 80. The patterns 74, 76, 78, and 80 may be symmetrically disposed on each side of the table top 12. For readability and convenience, only one side of the table top 12 will be discussed below in detail because the other side may be the same or a mirror image. It will be appreciated, however, that the table top 12 does not have to be symmetrical and the table top could include any suitable number, size, shape, configuration and arrangement of depressions and/or patterns.
The patterns 74, 76, 78, and 80 may include depressions 70 with different sizes, shapes, configurations and/or arrangements. For example, the depressions 70 may have different sized openings and/or ends. The depressions 70 may also have different configurations such as sidewalls 72 disposed at different angles and ends with multiple engagement surfaces. Exemplary embodiments of the patterns are shown in
As seen in
In greater detail, as best seen in
As seen in
As best seen in
The third pattern 78 of depressions 70 may be disposed in multiple sections of the table top 12, such as proximate a center portion of the table top and proximate the first end 18 of the table top. As seen in
As best seen in
Different sections of the table top 12 may include different patterns of depressions depending, for example, upon the intended use of the table 10. For instance, the first end 18 and center portion of the table top 12 may have the same pattern of depressions so that these portions of the table top have similar properties and characteristics. Other portions of the table top 12 may include different patterns because it may be desirable for different portions of the table top to have different properties and characteristics. For example, one pattern may provide increased strength, rigidity, torsion resistance, and/or the like, which may be beneficial for certain portions of the table top. It may be desirable for other portions of the table top to have different properties or characteristics such as a smoother, more even, or flatter surface. Accordingly, after reviewing this disclosure, one skilled in the art will understand that different portions of the blow-molded plastic structure may have different patterns of depressions.
The table top 12 can also include the fourth pattern 80 and, as shown in
As best seen in
In view of the above-disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that a large, thin blow-molded plastic structure, such as a table top 12, may be constructed with one or more patterns of depressions. The patterns may be repeating and the depressions in the patterns may have generally uniform size, shape, configuration, and arrangement, which may allow the structure to have generally uniform properties and characteristics.
The table top 12 may also include other portions such as one or more frame receiving portions 120 that are sized and configured to receive portions of the frame 30. The frame receiving portions 120, which may be best seen in
In greater detail, as shown in
As shown in
The table top 12 may also include a cross bar receiving portion 130 that is sized and configured to receive the cross bar 54. For example, as seen in
Another exemplary embodiment of a frame receiving portion 140 is shown in
Another exemplary embodiment of a cross bar receiving portion 150 is seen in
As discussed above, previous large, generally planar blow-molded plastic structures required the opposing surfaces to be spaced apart by significantly more than one-half inch. The foregoing description, however, provides for the surprising and unexpected result that large, thin, generally planar blow-molded plastic structures may have a thickness generally equal to or less than one-half inch.
Although this invention has been described in terms of certain preferred embodiments, other embodiments apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art are also within the scope of this invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is intended to be defined only by the claims which follow.
The present invention claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/298,896, entitled Blow-Molded Plastic Structures, which was filed on Feb. 23, 2016, and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | |
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62298896 | Feb 2016 | US |