Patent Application
20190195490
The present invention relates to a boiler apparatus for waste incineration and, more particularly, a boiler apparatus for waste incineration with increased combustion efficiency, which can completely burn waste such waste tires or waste plastic as well typical wood fuel to thus eliminate a risk of air pollution caused by harmful gas, and may use combustion heat generated while burning the waste to thus heat water.
Typically, waste is material losing value after use in living and industrial activities and includes waste tires, waste plastic, garbage, etc., as representative examples thereof. Such waste is usually buried or incinerated if recycling or reuse of the waste is restricted. However, a landfill process causes serious soil and water contamination and has recently become an object of strict regulation. Under such background, an incineration method is most commonly employed in the art. Incineration serves to remove waste by burning the same, which is a chemical treatment method involving directly applying flame to waste to combust the same.
However, such incineration method has difficulty in complete combustion of the waste due to different factors such as water content, density, load capacity of waste, combustion temperature, etc. For this reason, a large amount of exhaust gases including soot, dust and harmful gases due to incomplete combustion may be generated during incineration, hence causing a problem of air pollution. Further, when the waste is burnt at high temperatures, flames may be emitted outside along the exhaust gas stream, leading to fire.
The present invention has been proposed to solve the problems described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a boiler apparatus for waste incineration, which senses a lower combustion temperature site in a combustion chamber for incinerating waste, supplies air required for the combustion and increases a retention time of ignited flame, thereby implementing complete combustion of the waste without generating harmful gases.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a boiler apparatus for water incineration, having a structure capable of heating water with combustion heat of a combustion chamber wherein flame is generated, whereby hot water supply and power generation may be possible by utilizing waste heat generated while burning the waste, and occurrence of fire may be prevented beforehand by cooling a hot exhaust gas discharged along an exhaust line.
According to a feature of the present invention, there is provided a boiler apparatus for waste incineration, including: a combustion chamber 110 which has a waste inlet 111 formed on one side and a combustion space 112 for incinerating the introduced waste formed inside the chamber; plural air injection pipes 120, which are disposed and vertically spaced apart from one another in an upward direction from a lower part of the combustion chamber 110, extend around the combustion chamber 110, and have a plurality of injection holes 121 formed along an extended length of the air injection pipes, in order to inject air toward the center of the combustion space 112; an air supply unit 130 for supplying air to each of the air injection pipes 120, separately, in response to a control signal; a temperature sensor 140 mounted in each of combustion spaces (112a to 112d) on respective stages, which are vertically separated with reference to the respective air injection pipes 120 within the combustion chamber 112, in order to measure a combustion temperature of the combustion space in each stage; and a control module 150 for controlling operation of the air supply unit 130, in order to adjust an injected amount of air fed to the combustion space in each stage on the basis of a measured combustion temperature by each temperature sensor 140.
According to another feature of the present invention, the control module 150 in the boiler apparatus for waste incineration is characterized by: comparing the measured combustion temperature input by each of the temperature sensors 140 with a preset reference value of combustion temperature (‘reference combustion temperature’) in each stage; and, if the measured combustion temperature input by any temperature sensor 140 is lower than the reference combustion temperature of the corresponding stage, controlling operation of the air supply unit 130 such that an amount of air injected into the combustion space in the stage, in which the corresponding temperature sensor is disposed, is increased.
According to another feature of the present invention, the boiler apparatus for waste incineration may further include: a water tank unit 165 including a first water tank 166 for receiving and storing water and a second water tank 167 for receiving and storing primarily heated water; and a water heating chamber 160 which is mounted on an upper part of the combustion chamber 110 and has a heating space 161 in vertical communication with the combustion space 112, wherein the water heating chamber 160 is provided with a preheating chamber 162 around the heating space 161 so as to primarily heat the water fed from the first water tank 166 with combustion heat of the combustion space 112 and then discharge the heated water to the second water tank 167, and is further provided with a heating tube 163 in the heating space 161 so as to secondarily heat the water fed from the second water tank 167 with the combustion heat of the combustion space 112 and then discharge the heated water to a place where the hot water is to be used.
According to another feature of the present invention, the boiler apparatus for waste incineration may further include: an exhaust port 164 provided at a top end of the water heating chamber 160 to discharge the exhaust gas generated while burning the waste; and a cold chamber 170 formed in a tubular shape extending by a predetermined length and connected to the exhaust port 164 at one side thereof to transport the exhaust gas to the other side, wherein the cold chamber is equipped with a partition 171 for partitioning off an internal space into a plurality of cooling spaces in an extended length direction, and a cooling tube 172 is disposed to extend in a length direction within each of the cooling spaces in order to circulate cold water.
As such, the present invention has the following features. First, it is possible to sufficiently supply oxygen required for complete combustion based on air injected into the combustion chamber 110 for incineration of waste, thereby improving combustion efficiency. Further, it is possible to sense a position at which the combustion temperature is low, and then, increase an amount of air fed to the sensed position. Further, a retention time of flame may be increased by laterally injecting the air at a circumferential position of the combustion chamber 110 toward the center of the combustion space 112 to swirl the outer skirt of the flame, thereby achieving complete combustion of the waste without generation of harmful gases. Second, the combustion space 112 is partitioned into a plurality of combustion spaces (112a to 112d) with reference to the air injection pipes vertically spaced apart from one another on the combustion chamber 110, and different amounts of air are supplied according to the combustion temperatures in respective stages, thereby minimizing an amount of the injected air for complete combustion while preventing incomplete combustion.
Third, the water heating chamber 160 is mounted on an upper part of the combustion chamber 110 for flame generation and heats the water with combustion heat flowing from the combustion space 112, thereby having advantages such as hot water supply and power generation while incinerating the waste.
Fourth, the water heating chamber 160 has a heating space 161 in vertical communication with the combustion space 112, is provided with a preheating chamber 162 which is disposed around the heating space 161 in order to primarily heat the water fed from the first water tank 166 with the combustion heat of the combustion space 112 and then discharge the heated water to the second water tank 167, and is further provided with the heating tube 163 in the heating space 161 in order to secondly heat the water fed from the second water tank 167 with the combustion heat of the combustion space 112 and then discharge the heated water to a place where the hot water is to be used, whereby a water heating temperature may be remarkably raised and a time required for heating the water to a desired temperature may be shortened so as to increase a hot water supply amount.
Fifth, the cold chamber 170 is provided on an exhaust line through which the exhaust gas generated while burning the waste is discharged outside, which is formed in a tubular shape extending by a predetermined length and connected to the exhaust port 164 of the water heating chamber 164 at one side thereof to transport the exhaust gas to the other side, and includes: a partition 171 for partitioning off an internal space into a plurality of cooling spaces in an extended length direction; and a cooling tube 172 disposed to extend in a length direction within each of the cooling spaces in order to circulate cold water, thereby preventing the exhaust line from overheating. Further, the cooling water heated by the cooling tube 172 may be fed to the place where the hot water is to be used or circulated to the first water tank 166, thereby utilizing waste heat and increasing economic value of the boiler apparatus for waste incineration.
Sixth, the combustion chamber 110 is characterized in that a first exhaust hole 118 is formed on the bottom surface 116 of the combustion chamber 110 in order to discharge ash remaining after burning the waste to a lower part, a switch plate 189 is provided below the bottom surface 116 to selectively open or close the first exhaust hole 118 while rotating, wherein, if the combustion temperature of the bottom surface 116 is lower than a preset standard value for judgment of extinguishing, the first exhaust hole 118 is opened using a switch-drive member 197 to provide driving force required for rotating the switch plate 189 to automatically discharge the ash, thereby greatly improving user convenience.
Seventh, a supporter 187 is mounted on the center of the bottom surface 116 of the combustion chamber 110 in order to space the introduced waste apart from the bottom surface 116, wherein the supporter 187 is axially coupled to the switch plate 189 and rotates along with the same, and crusher rods 187a are formed to laterally extend around the supporter 187 so as to crush agglomerated ash not discharged out of the first exhaust hole 118.
Purposes, features and advantages of the present invention described above will be more apparent by means of the following detailed description. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The boiler apparatus for waste incineration 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has improved combustion efficiency to completely burn waste such as waste tire, waste plastic, etc. as well as typical wood fuel, thereby eliminating a risk of air pollution caused by harmful gas, and can heat water with the combustion heat generated while burning the waste. As shown in
First, the combustion chamber 110 is a chamber in which the waste is incinerated, wherein a waste inlet 111 for introducing the waste into the combustion chamber is provided at one side of the chamber, and a combustion space 112, in which the introduced waste is burnt, is formed inside the chamber.
Herein, as shown in
Further, an exhaust hole 118 is formed on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 110 to discharge ash remaining after burning the waste to the lower part, wherein a switch plate 189 is provided at a site below the bottom surface to selectively open/close the exhaust hole 118, and an ignition port 184 is provided at one side of the combustion chamber 110 as well as the protective cover 181, thereby enabling external ignition of the waste introduced from the outside.
Further, although not illustrated, an ignition means such as an igniter automatically igniting in response to a control signal from a control module 150 to initiate flame; or a means for injecting inflammable liquid such as petroleum to generate flame at initial ignition may be provided inside the combustion chamber 110. Further, a collection box for gathering the ash discharged to the lower part is provided at a lower site of the switch plate 189. Further, as shown in
The air injection pipe 120 is a means for supplying oxygen required for burning the waste by injecting the air fed from the air supply unit 130 to the inside of the combustion space 112. In particular, as shown in
In this case, as shown in the enlarged view of
Further, although not illustrated, if a rectangular injection hole extending in a vertical direction and another rectangular injection hole extending in a lateral direction are arranged alternately, oxygen may be supplied to the flame in a wider vertical range by air injected through the vertically rectangular injection hole, while an air barrier layer for swirling the flame may be effectively formed by air injected through the laterally rectangular injection hole. Moreover, as shown in
The air supply unit 130 is a means for supplying air to the air injection pipes 120, respectively, in response to a control signal of the control module 150. In particular, a single air supply unit 130 and each of the air injection pipes 120 are connected to each air supply line, wherein the air supply line has an air amount control valve to feed air to the corresponding air injection pipe 120. Otherwise, each of the air injection pipes 120 may be equipped with a single air supply unit 130 to feed air, separately.
Herein, in order to inject the air into an internal center of the combustion space 112 through the injection hole 121, air compressed at a high pressure is preferably fed through the injection hole 121. For this purpose, the air supply unit 130 may include an air compression device as a compressor or a high pressure air blower, and the air amount fed to each stage may be controlled via a program installed in the control module 150.
The temperature sensor 140 is a sensing means for measuring an internal temperature of the combustion space 112 and may be mounted on each of combustion spaces (112a to 112d) in the respective stages vertically separated in the combustion chamber 110 with reference to the air injection pipes 120, respectively, in order to measure the combustion temperature of the combustion space in each stage.
In this regard, the plural temperature sensors 140 may be mounted on or close to pipe conduits (‘duct’) of the air injection pipes 120, thereby being arranged in the combustion spaces (112a to 112d) in the corresponding stages, respectively. Further, as illustrated in the drawings, the temperature sensors 140 may be mounted on different sides within the water heating chamber 160, so as to measure the combustion temperature of flame ignited in the combustion space 112 in various angles.
The control module 150 is a microcontroller for controlling operation of the air supply unit 130 to thus control the air amount injected through the air injection pipes 120, wherein the air supply unit 130 is drive-controlled in order to adjust the air injection amount fed to the combustion spaces (112a to 112d) in the corresponding stages on the basis of a measured value of combustion temperature (‘measured combustion temperature’) by each of the temperature sensors 140.
Herein, the control module 150 may receive a user input signal from an operation unit 151 for generating the user input signal by the operation of the user, and then, regulate various setting conditions and/or operational states of the boiler apparatus for waste incineration 100.
Further, the control module 150 may compare the measured combustion temperature input from any of the temperature sensors 140 with a temperature reference value preset at each side and (‘reference value’), if the measured combustion temperature input from a specific temperature sensor 140 is relatively lower than the reference value at the corresponding side, may control operation of the air supply unit 130 in order to increase an air amount injected into the combustion space of a corresponding stage wherein the above temperature sensor 140 is mounted. For instance, if a preset combustion temperature in the combustion space 112a of a first stage (‘first combustion space’) among the combustion spaces 112 of the combustion chamber 110 is 250° C. and when a temperature of 249° C. or less is measured by the temperature sensor 140a mounted in the first combustion space 112a, the control module 160 may control the operation of the air supply unit 130 in accordance with programmed conditions, so as to supply air to the air injection pipe 120a in the first combustion space 112a and increase an air supply amount if the air is being supplied.
Further, when the temperature is raised by feeding the air to the first combustion space 112a and the combustion temperature of 250° C. or more is measured, the control module 150 may control the air supply unit in order to reduce the air amount fed to the air injection pipe 120a in the first combustion space 112a.
According to the same control process as described above, an air amount supplied to each stage, that is, to each of the combustion spaces (112b to 112d) in the other stages may be regulated according to the measured combustion temperature with reference to the reference combustion temperature of each corresponding stage, thereby detecting the combustion space in the stage having insufficient air for complete combustion and feeding air to the respective stages, separately.
Because of a combinational structure of the combustion chamber 110, the air injection pipe 120, the air supply unit 130, the temperature sensor 140 and the control module 150, as shown in
Meanwhile, as shown in
Further, the water heating chamber 160 is mounted on an upper part of the combustion chamber 110, and may include: a heating space 161 in vertical communication with the combustion space 112; a preheating chamber 162 disposed around the heating space 161 so as to primarily heat the water fed from the first water tank 166 through a first feed duct 168a with combustion heat of the combustion space 112 and then discharge the heated water to the second water tank 167 through a second feed duct 168b; and a heating tube 163 disposed in the heating space 161 so as to secondarily heat the water fed from the second water tank 167 through a third feed duct 168c with the combustion heat of the combustion space 112 and then discharge the heated water to a place where the hot water is to be used.
Herein, water supply/recovery lines to transport water such as the first feed duct 168a, the second feed duct 168b and the third feed duct 168c, as well as the water tanks, may be connected to a motor pump unit (152, see
Further, because of a configuration of primarily heating water by a preheating chamber 162 then supplying the preheated water to the heating tube 163 for secondarily heating the same, the water heating temperature can be greatly increased and a time taken for heating the water to a desired temperature may be reduced, thereby increasing a hot water supply amount.
On the other hand, as shown in
The cold chamber 170 may be formed in a tubular shape extending by a predetermined length and connected to the exhaust port 164 at one side thereof to transport the exhaust gas to the other side, and may include: a partition 171 for partitioning off an internal space into a plurality of cooling spaces in an extended length direction; and a cooling tube 172 disposed to extend in a length direction within each of the cooling spaces in order to circulate cold water.
Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the exhaust line from overheating or the flame from escaping to the outside due to high heat of the exhaust gas. Further, the water heated in the cooling tube 172 may be supplied to the place where the hot water is to be used or circulated to the first water tank 166, thereby utilizing waste heat and increasing economic value of the boiler apparatus for waste incineration. That is, using the cooling tube 172 may achieve two different effects of more quickly heating the water while cooling the exhaust gas, simultaneously.
Further, the exhaust gas discharged in a single stream form through the exhaust line is separated into two or more streams by the partition 171 and transported, and such separated exhaust gas streams are cooled in the corresponding cooling spaces, respectively. Therefore, compared to cooling a single stream by the cooling tube, cooling efficiency may be increased while achieving effects of shortening a length of the cold chamber 170.
Meanwhile, as shown in
Further, the control module 150 may receive input of a measured value of combustion temperature (‘measured combustion temperature’) (e.g., 60 to 80° C.) from the temperature sensor for measuring the combustion temperature near the bottom surface 116 and, if the measured combustion temperature of the bottom surface 116 is relatively lower than a preset standard value for judgment of extinguishing, may control operation of the switch-drive member 197 to rotate the switch plate 189, which in turn allows vertical communication between the first exhaust holes 118 and the second exhaust holes 188. Therefore, after the waste is completely burnt, a user does not need to discard ash to the lower part every time and the ash can be automatically discharged by determining whether combustion was terminated or not according to the combustion temperature, thereby remarkably increasing user convenience.
In addition, there is provided a supporter 187 in the center of the bottom surface 116 of the combustion chamber 110 in order to space the introduced waste apart from the bottom surface 116, wherein the supporter 187 is axially coupled to the switch plate 189 and rotates along with the same, and a crusher rod 187a is formed to laterally extend around the supporter 187 in order to crush agglomerated ash, thereby easily discharging the ash not discharged out of the first exhaust holes 118 to the lower part.
Further, a vibrator 198 for generating vibration in response to a control signal of the control module 150 in order to run the switch plate 189 and the bottom surface 116 is preferably provided on the lower part of the switch plate 189. Accordingly, if the lower combustion temperature than the standard value for judgment of extinguishing is sensed, the control module 150 preferably acts for automatic rotation of the switch plate 189 and, at the same time, sets the vibrator 198 in motion so as to easily discharge the ash gathered on the bottom surface 116 through vibration.
On the other hand, as shown in
For this purpose, as shown in the drawing, a rotatably-mounted impeller 192 may be mounted in the exhaust pipe 174, while an exhaust motor 191 may be installed outside the exhaust pipe 174 to provide driving force required to rotate the impeller 192. Further, each of rotational axes of the impeller 192 and the exhaust motor 191 may be equipped with a power transmission unit 194 such as a chain or belt, thereby enabling rotation of the impeller 182 by the driving force of the exhaust motor 191.
Further, the exhaust pipe 173, 174 may be provided with an exhaust sensor 196 to detect harmful components possibly contained in the discharged exhaust gas so that, when a harmful gas detection signal enters by the exhaust sensor 196, the control module 150 may control operation of the air supply unit 130 to increase an air supply amount or inform a user through a display, thereby enabling immediate action by the user.
On the other hand, as shown in
The present invention described above is not particularly limited to the afore-mentioned embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Further, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains that various substitutions, modifications and alterations may be possible within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit thereof.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2016-0108278 | Aug 2016 | KR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2017/009285 | 8/24/2017 | WO | 00 |
