BONE PLATING SYSTEM

Abstract

A bone plating system includes a plate member and a first bone screw. The plate member defines a longitudinal axis and has a top surface and a bottom surface. The plate member further defines an elongated hole extending between the top surface and the bottom surface with a width in a direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis and a length with a greater dimension in a direction generally parallel to the elongated axis. The elongated hole is defined by a sidewall having a spherical cross section in the direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis. The sidewall has a threading. The first bone screw has a threaded and spherical head for threadably engaging the elongated hole. The threading extends completely around the sidewall of the elongated hole such that the first bone screw may threadably engage the elongated hole anywhere along the length.

Description

INTRODUCTION

In certain orthopedic surgical procedures, it is necessary to secure multiple bones or bone portions relative to each other to facilitate proper healing. For example, it is frequently necessary to secure two or more portions of a broken long bone such as the tibia to ensure proper healing. This need may be the result of physical trauma from fractures or dislocations, degenerative diseases, or tumors. Improper mending of the bone may result in deformity, discomfort or both.

Common methods of fracture treatment include casting and external fixation. It is also well known to treat fractures with internal plating systems. Use of such plating systems involves the attachment of a plate to the bone with bone screws. The plating systems function to stabilize discrete bone portions and thereby facilitate fusion of the bone portions in a particular orientation for healing or to repair a condition of the patient.

Various plating systems are known. One known plating system is shown in German utility model DE 93 21 544 U1. This German utility model illustrates a plating system having a plate member with a shaft portion and a head portion. The head portion is configured to conform to a metaphysis of a bone and includes a plurality of internally threaded holes. The threads of the holes engage threaded heads of bone screws. The shaft portion is shown to include two round holes and an elongated slot. The holes and slot of the shaft portion are unthreaded for receiving bone screws with unthreaded heads.

SUMMARY

The present teachings relate to a plating system for bone. The plating system includes a plate member having a top surface and a bottom surface. A plurality of holes are defined by the plate member. Each of the holes extends between the top surface and the bottom surface along an axis. At least a first hole of the plurality of holes is a threaded hole and has a first dimension generally perpendicular to the axis and a second dimension generally perpendicular to the axis. The first dimension is greater than the second dimension.

According to one particular aspect, the present teachings provide a plating system for bone. The plating system includes a plate member and a first bone screw. The plate member defines a longitudinal axis and has a top surface and a bottom surface. The plate member further defines an elongated hole extending between the top surface and the bottom surface with a width in a direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis and a length with a greater dimension in a direction generally parallel to the elongated axis. The elongated hole is defined by a sidewall having a spherical cross section in the direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis. The sidewall has a threading. The first bone screw has a threaded and spherical head for threadably engaging the elongated hole. The threading extends completely around the sidewall of the elongated hole such that the first bone screw may threadably engage the elongated hole anywhere along the length.

According to another particular aspect, the present teachings provide a plating system for bone. The plating system includes a plate member and first bone and second bone screws. The plate member defines a longitudinal axis and has a top surface and a bottom surface. The plate member defines an elongated hole extending between the top surface and the bottom surface with a width in a direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis and a length with a greater dimension in a direction generally parallel to the elongated axis. The elongated hole is defined by a sidewall having a spherical cross section in the direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis. The sidewall has a non-helical threading including at least one closed ridge extending completely about the inner circumference in a single plane. The first bone screw has a threaded and spherical head for threadably engaging the elongated hole. The second bone screw has an unthreaded and spherical head for seating in the elongated hole. The non-helical threading extends completely around the sidewall of the elongated hole such that the first and second bone screws may interchangeably engage the elongated hole anywhere along the length and the non-helical threading of the elongated hole accommodates translation of the threaded head of the first bone screw along the length of the first bone screw for compression of a fracture.

According to another particular aspect, the present teachings provide a plating system for bone. The plating system includes a plate member and first bone and second bone screws. The plate member defines a longitudinal axis and has a top surface and a bottom surface. The plate member further defines an elongated hole extending between the top surface and the bottom surface with a width in a direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis and a length with a greater dimension in a direction generally parallel to the elongated axis. The elongated hole is defined by a sidewall having a spherical cross section in the direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis. The sidewall has a threading. The first bone screw has a threaded and spherical head for threadably engaging the elongated hole. The second bone screw has an unthreaded and spherical head for seating in the elongated hole. The threading extends completely around the sidewall of the elongated hole such that the first bone screw may interchangeably engage the elongated hole anywhere along the length.

Additional advantages and further areas of applicability of the present teachings will become apparent from the detailed description and appended claims provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the teachings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present teachings will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a top view of a plating system according to the present teachings.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 4, the bone screw shown angulated from the orientation illustrated in FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 6-6 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3A, illustrating a bone screw with an unthreaded head.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 6, illustrating a collar formed with threads to engage the threads of the plate member.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3, illustrating the first bone screw angled relative to the plate member.

DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS ASPECTS

The following description of embodiments of the present teachings will be understood to be merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present teachings, applications, or uses.

With reference to FIGS. 1 through 9 of the drawings a bone plating system constructed in accordance with the present teachings is illustrated and generally identified at reference character 10. In certain applications, the present teachings are specifically intended for a plating system that can be used to stabilize bone portions of the proximal femur, distal tibia and proximal tibia, for example. It will become apparent to those skilled in the art, however, that the present teachings are also suitable for various other applications in which surgical repair of bone with a plate is desired. Other applications include but are not limited to the distal radius and the spine.

The bone plating system 10 is illustrated to generally include a plate member 12. The plate member 12 may be flat or may be contoured for specific applications in a manner well known in the art to conform to a bone. The plate member 12 is generally shown to include an upper surface 14 and a lower surface 16. The plate member 12 may be constructed of any suitable biocompatible material. One exemplary material is a titanium alloy such as Ti6AI4V. Other materials having acceptable strength characteristics, including but not limited to stainless steel, may also be employed.

In one aspect, the plate member 12 defines a thickness t between the upper surface 14 and the lower surface 16. The thickness t may be constant throughout the plate member 12 or may be variable. In one particular application in which the plate member 12 is constructed of Ti6AI4V and intended for stabilizing the proximal tibia, the plate member 12 has an approximate thickness between 2.0 and 5.0 mm. In this aspect, this particular plate member 12 has a thickness of approximately 2.0 mm. In another particular application, in which the plate member 12 is constructed of stainless steel and intended for stabilizing the distal radius, the plate member 12 has an approximate thickness between 1.5 and 2.0 mm, such as, for example, a thickness of approximately 1.5 mm. It should be readily apparent that the plate thickness t may vary according to material choices and strength requirements.

The plate member 12 is illustrated to define a plurality of holes 18 for receiving bone screws 20 for securing the plate member 12 to a bone (not specifically shown). For purposes of illustration, the plate member 12 is shown in FIG. 1 to include three holes 18. It will be understood that the particular number of holes 18 defined by the plate member 12 and the specific types of holes 18 may vary within the scope of the present teachings and largely depend on the intended application for the plating system 10.

With particular reference to FIGS. 1-3, the plurality of holes 18 defined by the plate member 12 includes a first hole 18A. The first hole 18A is an elongated hole and is shown in the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 2 and 3 receiving a first bone screw on fastener 20A of the plurality of bone screws 20. The bone screw 20A has a longitudinal axis A₁ oriented in FIGS. 2 and 3 generally perpendicular to a plane defined by the plate member 12. The first bone screw 20A is shown to include a threaded shaft for engaging bone. The shaft of the bone screws 20 can be conventional in construction.

The first hole 18A extends between the top surface 14 and the bottom surface 16 in the direction of the axis A₁ (as shown in FIG. 2, for example). Given the particular orientation of the bone screw 20A, the axis A, is coincident with a longitudinal axis of the bone screw 20A. The first hole 18A has a first dimension D₁ adjacent the upper surface 14 in a first direction generally perpendicular to the axis A₁. The first hole 18A includes a second dimension D₂ adjacent the upper surface 14 in a second direction generally perpendicular to the axis A₁. The first dimension D₁ is substantially greater than the second dimension D₂. In the embodiment illustrated, the first hole 18A is elongated along the length of the plate member 12 and the first and second dimensions D₁ and D₂ correspond to a length and a width of the hole 18A, respectively. In one particular application, the first dimension D₁ is approximately 7.25 mm and the second dimension D₂ is approximately 10.0 mm.

As shown, particularly in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plate member 12 is threaded. More particularly, the plate member 12 is shown to include at least one ridge 22 in the first hole 18A extending completely about an inner circumference. The plate member 2 may include a plurality of ridges 22. In the embodiment illustrated, the ridges 22 are formed parallel to one another and are each oriented generally parallel to the plane defined by the plate member 12. The minor diameters of the ridges 22 define an effective opening having a circular shape.

The circular ridges 22 are configured to cooperate with a spherically shaped head of a bone screw. For example, the first bone screw 20A, which is shown particularly in FIGS. 2 and 3, is illustrated to include a spherically shaped threaded head 24 for engaging the ridges 22. Engagement of the threaded head 24 with the ridges 22 functions to orient the bone screw 20A relative to the plate member 12 and to fix the bone screw 20A relative to the plate member 12. Given the orientation of the circular ridges, the bone screw 20A is resultingly oriented with its longitudinal axis A₁ generally perpendicular to the plane defined by the plate member 12. In the embodiment illustrated, the head 24 of the first bone screw 20A includes a double lead thread 26. Alternatively, the ridges 22 of the plate member 12 can be replaced with a helical thread (not shown with respect to the first hole 18A) for threadably engaging the head 24.

In certain applications, it may be desired to orient the ridges 22 at an angle relative to the plane of the plate member 12. In such alternative applications, the bone screws 20A would correspondingly be fixed to the plate member 12 at an angle. For example, certain applications may require convergence of two or more bone screws 20 at fixed angles.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 7, the first hole 18A is also particularly adapted to receive a second bone screw 20B having a head 28 without threads. The head 28 of the second bone screw 20B is generally spherical in the shape. This spherical shape of the head 28 cooperates with the ridges 22 to allow the second bone screw 20B to angulate relative to the plate member 12. In this regard, as compared to the fixed relationship established with the threaded head 28 of the first bone screw 20A (as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) the second bone screw 20B can be engaged with the bone at a variable angle.

The elongated shape of the first hole 18A provides a surgeon with increased flexibility for bone screw placement. In this regard, the surgeon may position the bone screw 20A or 20B anywhere along the length of the first hole 18A in a direction parallel to the first dimension D₁. This flexibility in positioning of bone screws 20A or 20B relative to the plate member 12 is available regardless of whether the surgeon elects to use a bone screw 20A having a threaded head 24 for establishing a fixed relationship between the plate member 12 and the bone screw 20A at a predetermined angle, or a bone screw 20B having an unthreaded head 28 that allows angulation relative to the plate member 12.

The elongated shape of the first hole 18A additionally allows the surgeon to compress a fracture of the bone by translating the bone screw 20 along the hole 18A in a direction parallel to D₁. The circular ridges 22 permit such translation even where a threaded head is used, thereby retaining the locking relationship between the plate member 12 and the bone screw 20. Translation of the bone screw 20 is manually accomplished with an insertion tool (e.g., screw driver) that engages the head. Explaining further, the surgeon linearly advances the screw 20 along the hole 18A with the insertion tool. In certain alternative applications, it may be desirable to automatically compress the bone by angling the ends of the hole 18A. In such applications, a non-threaded head of a bone screw 20 would engage an end of the hole 18A and compress the bone as the non-threaded head transitions past the angled end of the hole 18A.

With particular reference to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, a second hole defined by the plate member 12 is illustrated. As compared to the first hole 18A, the second hole 18B is generally circular in shape. The hole 18B has an upper diameter D₃ at the upper surface 14 of the plate member 12 and a smaller diameter D₄ at the lower surface 16 of the plate member 12. Between the upper surface 14 and the lower surface 16 the second hole 18B includes a spherically shaped portion 30 having a plurality of threads 32. Alternatively, it will be understood that the plate member 12 can be formed with a plurality of circular ridges similar to the ridges 22 shown and described in connection with the first hole 18A.

FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the second hole 18B operatively associated with a bone screw 20B identical to the bone screw 20B discussed above. FIG. 4 illustrates the second bone screw 20B with its longitudinal axis oriented generally perpendicular to the plane defined by the plate member 12 immediately prior to seating of the spherical head 28 on the threads 32. FIG. 5 illustrates the bone screw 20B seated with its spherical head 28 seated on the threads 32 and the bone screw 20B with its longitudinal axis articulated from the perpendicular orientation shown in FIG. 4. It will be appreciated that the spherical shape of the head and the cooperating shape of the threads 32 allow the bone screw 20B to articulate from the orientation shown in FIG. 4 approximately 15° in any direction.

With particular reference to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, a third hole 18C defined by the plate member 12 is illustrated. It will be understood that the third hole 18C and the threads 32 associated with the third hole 18C are identical to the second hole 18B and corresponding threads 32 discussed above. The third hole 18C is illustrated with a bone screw 20A having a threaded head 24. The bone screw 20A is identical to the bone screw 20A discussed above. In the manner discussed above, the threaded head 24 and the threaded hole 18C cooperate for fixedly securing the bone screw 20A to the plate member 12. The bone screw 20A is secured to the plate with the longitudinal axis A₁ of the bone screw 20A oriented generally perpendicular to the plane defined by the plate member 12.

Turning to FIG. 8, the third hole 18C of the plate member 12 is shown operatively associated with a third bone screw 20C. The third bone screw 20C is illustrated to include a threaded shaft portion 36 for threadably engaging a bone and a head portion 38. The third bone screw 20C is further shown to include a collar 40. The collar 40 defines an aperture 42 for receiving the head 38 of the third bone screw 20C. The collar 40 further includes an outer threaded surface 44 which is spherical in shape. The outer threaded surface 44 cooperates with the threads 32 of the hole 18C substantially in the manner discussed above with respects to FIG. 6. The collar 40 maintains a locking connection with the plate member 12 while allowing the plate member 12 to be drawn adjacent the bone. In this manner, the profile of the plate member 12 may be minimized.

With particular reference to FIG. 9, a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 is illustrated. In FIG. 9, however, the bone screw 20A is angled from a perpendicular orientation. Such angled orientation of the bone screw 20A is permitted despite the threaded engagement between the head and the plate member 12 due to the double-lead thread of the head and the circular ridges 22 of the plate member 12.

In the embodiment illustrated, the double lead thread and the ridges 22 allow for angles in increments of approximately 5° to 10° from the perpendicular orientation of FIG. 3.

The present teachings have now been described to include various types of plate member holes and various types of bone screws. It is readily anticipated that the different holes and different bone screws can be combined alternatively for particular applications. Further in this regard, it is anticipated that certain applications may only include one type of hole. For example, a plate member may be constructed to include all elongated holes 18A. It is further anticipated that the present teachings may be utilized separately in any combination to stabilize both long bones (including but not limited to the femur, the tibia, and the radius) and vertebral bodies.

The foregoing discussion discloses and describes merely exemplary arrangements of the present teachings. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from such discussion, and from the accompanying drawings and claims, that various changes, modifications and variations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present teachings as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. A plating system for bone, the plating system comprising: a plate member defining a longitudinal axis and having a top surface and a bottom surface, the plate member defining an elongated hole extending between the top surface and the bottom surface with a width in a direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis and a length with a greater dimension in a direction generally parallel to the elongated axis, the elongated hole defined by a sidewall having a spherical cross section in the direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis, the sidewall having a threading; anda first bone screw having a threaded and spherical head for threadably engaging the elongated hole;wherein the threading extends completely around the sidewall of the elongated hole such that the first bone screw may threadably engage the elongated hole anywhere along the length.

2. The plating system for bone of claim 1, wherein the threading of the elongated hole is a non-helical threading including at least one closed one ridge extending completely about the inner circumference in a single plane.

3. The plating system for bone of claim 2, wherein the non-helical threading includes a plurality of closed ridges extending completely about the inner circumference.

4. The plating system for bone of claim 1, wherein the first bone screw has a shaft defining a shaft axis and wherein the head of the first bone screw cooperates with the threading and the spherical cross section of the elongated hole for threaded engagement of the first bone screw with the plate at various angles of the shaft axis relative to the plate.

5. The plating system for bone of claim 1, wherein the non-helical threading of the elongated hole accommodates translation of the threaded head of the first bone screw along the length of the first bone screw for compression of a fracture.

6. The plating system for bone of claim 1, wherein the threaded head of the first bone screw includes a double lead.

7. The plating system for bone of claim 2, further comprising second bone screw having an unthreaded and spherical head for seating in the elongated hole and angulating relative to the plate member.

8. The plating system for bone of claim 7, wherein the head of the first bone screw is seated on a minor diameter of the elongated hole defined by the threading.

9. The plating system for bone of claim 1, wherein the elongated hole is helically threaded.

10. A plating system for bone, the plating system comprising: a plate member defining a longitudinal axis and having a top surface and a bottom surface, the plate member defining an elongated hole extending between the top surface and the bottom surface with a width in a direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis and a length with a greater dimension in a direction generally parallel to the elongated axis, the elongated hole defined by a sidewall having a spherical cross section in the direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis, the sidewall having a non-helical threading including at least one closed ridge extending completely about the inner circumference in a single plane;a first bone screw having a threaded and spherical head for threadably engaging the elongated hole; anda second bone screw having an unthreaded and spherical head for seating in the elongated hole;wherein the non-helical threading extends completely around the sidewall of the elongated hole such that the first bone and second bone screws may interchangeably engage the elongated hole anywhere along the length and the non-helical threading of the elongated hole accommodates translation of the threaded head of the first bone screw along the length of the first bone screw for compression of a fracture.

11. The plating system for bone of claim 10, wherein the non-helical threading includes a plurality of closed ridges extending completely about the inner circumference.

12. The plating system for bone of claim 10, wherein the first bone screw has a shaft defining a shaft axis and wherein the head of the first bone screw cooperates with the non-helical threading and the spherical cross section of the elongated hole for threaded engagement of the first bone screw with the plate at various angles of the shaft axis relative to the plate.

13. The plating system for bone of claim 10, wherein the head of the first bone screw includes a double lead.

14. The plating system for bone of claim 10, wherein the head of the second bone screw is seated on a minor diameter of the elongated hole defined by the threading.

15. A plating system for bone, the plating system comprising: a plate member defining a longitudinal axis and having a top surface and a bottom surface, the plate member defining an elongated hole extending between the top surface and the bottom surface with a width in a direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis and a length with a greater dimension in a direction generally parallel to the elongated axis, the elongated hole defined by a sidewall having a spherical cross section in the direction generally perpendicular to the elongated axis, the sidewall having a threading;a first bone screw having a threaded and spherical head for threadably engaging the elongated hole; anda second bone screw having an unthreaded and spherical head for seating in the elongated hole;wherein the threading extends completely around the sidewall of the elongated hole such that the first bone screw may interchangeably engage the elongated hole anywhere along the length.

16. The plating system for bone of claim 15, wherein the threading of the elongated hole is a non-helical threading including at least closed one ridge extending completely about the inner circumference in a single plane.

17. The plating system for bone of claim 16, wherein the non-helical threading includes a plurality of closed ridges extending completely about the inner circumference.

18. The plating system for bone of claim 15, wherein the first bone screw has a shaft defining a shaft axis and wherein the head of the first bone screw cooperates with the threading and the spherical cross section of the elongated hole for threaded engagement of the first bone screw with the plate at various angles of the shaft axis relative to the plate.

19. The plating system for bone of claim 15, wherein the non-helical threading of the elongated hole accommodates translation of the threaded head of the first bone screw along the length of the first bone screw for compression of a fracture.

20. The plating system for bone of claim 16, wherein the elongated hole is helically threaded.